Utilization of absorbance subtraction and ratio difference green spectrophotometric methods for the quantification of alfuzosin hydrochloride and tadalafil in their binary mixture.

Alfuzosin hydrochloride and tadalafil fixed-dose combination tablets were recently formulated for the treatment of individuals with lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. Herein, the first spectrophotometric methods for quantitative analysis of alfuzosin hydrochloride and tadalafil in their binary mixture were established. The spectral overlapping of alfuzosin hydrochloride and tadalafil made direct simultaneous analysis unfeasible. Therefore, two mathematical methods were used to solve these overlapping spectra: absorbance subtraction and ratio difference. The absorbance subtraction method manipulates the zero absorption spectra of the studied drugs at the isoabsorptive point (272 nm) and uses the absorbance factor of pure ALF to calculate the absorbance of the studied drugs in the mixture at the isoabsorptive point. The ratio spectra method, on the other hand, manipulates the ratio spectra of the studied drugs, which are obtained by dividing each drug's zero absorption spectra by a divisor spectrum from the second drug. The ratio amplitude difference between 251 nm and 211 nm was directly proportional to alfuzosin hydrochloride, whereas between 292 nm and 222 nm it was directly proportional to tadalafil. The methods used were verified in accordance with the recommendations of the ICH and demonstrated adequate linear regression in working ranges of 1-15 µg/mL for alfuzosin hydrochloride and 3-40 µg/mL for tadalafil. The methods were accurate, precise, and selectively employed to quantify alfuzosin hydrochloride and tadalafil in their combined tablets.

A MOF-Templated Double-Shelled Co3O4/NiCo2O4 Nanocomposite for Electrochemical Detection of Alfuzosin.

We developed a novel electrochemical sensor for the detection of alfuzosin (AFZ), a drug used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, using a double-shelled Co3O4/NiCo2O4 nanocomposite-modified electrode. The nanocomposites were synthesized using a template-assisted approach, with zeolitic imidazole framework-67 (ZIF-67) as the sacrificial template, involving the formation of uniform ZIF-67/Ni-Co layered double hydroxide (LDH) hollow structures followed by calcination to achieve the final nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was characterized by various techniques and showed high porosity, large surface area, and good conductivity. The nanocomposite-modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards AFZ oxidation, with a wide linear range of 5-180 µM and a low limit of detection of 1.37 µM. The sensor also demonstrated good repeatability, reproducibility, and stability selectivity in the presence of common interfering substances. The sensor was successfully applied to determine the AFZ in pharmaceutical tablets and human serum samples, with satisfactory recoveries. Our results suggest that the double-shelled Co3O4/NiCo2O4 nanocomposite is a promising material for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors for AFZ detection.

[Evaluation of the effect of Alfuprost MR on detrusor thickness and bladder mass in patients with detrusor hypertrophy caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia].

INTRODUCTION: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can lead to the detrusor hypertrophy and deterioration of the bladder function with a decrease in its contractile activity. A number of publications are presented in the literature, the results of which indicate the possibility of reducing bladder hypertrophy with alpha-blockers. AIM: To carry out the retrospective analysis to study the effect of Alfuprost MR on urodynamic parameters, as well as the influence of the therapy on detrusor thickness and bladder mass in patients with detrusor hypertrophy and bladder outlet obstruction caused by BPH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Outpatient records of 30 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by BPH who received Alfuprost MR as monotherapy for 24 weeks were reviewed. Based on the diaries, the following parameters were assessed: total IPSS score, IPSS voiding (questions No. 1, 3, 5 and 6) and storage subscale scores (questions No. 2, 4 and 7), maximum flow rate (Qmax) according to uroflowmetry, the volume of the prostate and the postvoid residual (assessed by ultrasound), satisfaction with treatment on the quality-of-life score (QoL), as well as the changes in detrusor thickness and bladder mass index. RESULTS: An improvement in LUTS severity, starting from the 4th week of treatment, followed by a positive trend that persists until the 24th week of therapy with Alfuprost MR, was found. The overall average IPSS score improved by 39.0% by the 24th week of therapy. At the same time, voiding symptoms improved by 46.8%, and storage symptoms improved by 30.9% by 24 weeks of therapy. The average Qmax increased significantly (p<0.05) by 22.1% after 24 weeks of therapy. The average detrusor thickness decreased by 40,2%. Bladder mass index decreased significantly by an average of 34,3% (p<0.05). QoL score improved significantly (p<0.05) by 2.2 points after 24 weeks of therapy. CONCLUSION: During the 24-week treatment of patients with BPH, Alfuprost MR demonstrated clinical efficacy not only in reducing voiding symptoms and in improving the QoL, but also a positive effect on detrusor hypertrophy, as evidenced by changes in detrusor thickness and bladder mass index. The absence of any adverse events, including decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, allows us to recommend Alfuprost MR as an effective treatment for LUTS associated with BPH, which reduces detrusor hypertrophy and has a high safety profile and minimal vasodilating effects.

Alfuzosin ameliorates diabetes by boosting PGK1 activity in diabetic mice.

AIMS: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a global problem, causing a huge economic burden. The purpose of this study is to find a new potential method and mechanism for the treatment of DM. MAIN METHODS: The oxidation, glycation and insulin resistance cell models were built to screen the potential anti-diabetic chemicals. Then the DM mice were induced by the combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) for five days. The alfuzosin (1.2 mg/kg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection once daily for sequential 12 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, oxidative stress and key markers of glucose metabolism were detected. PGK1/AKT/GLUT4 pathway related proteins were analyzed by Western blot. KEY FINDINGS: Alfuzosin ameliorated oxidative stress, glycative stress and insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Further, in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model, alfuzosin reduced fasting blood glucose, improved insulin sensitivity. Mechanically, alfuzosin activated PGK1 directly to stimulate the protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, thus facilitating glucose uptake as well as improving insulin resistance. SIGNIFICANCE: The present finding has shed a new light on the treatment of DM and provides validation for PGK1 as a therapeutic target for DM.

Micellar-enhanced and green-assessed first-derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric approach for concurrent determination of alfuzosin hydrochloride and solifenacin succinate in different matrices: Docking simulation.

Alfuzosin hydrochloride (AZH) is co-formulated with solifenacin succinate (SOS) in Solitral® capsules for treating prostate hyperplasia in patients with overactive bladder syndrome. Herein and for the first time, an ultrasensitive synchronous spectrofluorimetric approach coupled with first-order derivative signal processing was designed for simultaneous determination of AZH and SOS in their pure forms, newly-released pharmaceutical capsules, and human biological fluids. AZH and SOS showed their conventional emission spectra in bi-distilled water at 382 nm and 294 nm after excitation at 325 nm and 250 nm, respectively. The native fluorescence intensities of AZH and SOS were greatly enhanced through micellar formation using sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant (2%). The proposed approach included the use of synchronous mode at Δλ of 60 nm where the overlap between the studied analytes' fluorescence spectra wasn't completely resolved. The complete resolution was achieved by derivatization of the synchronized spectra to the first-order yielding two zero-crossing points which allowed the determination of AZH and SOS simultaneously without interference at 408 nm and 321 nm, respectively. Under optimum experimental circumstances, good linearities were accomplished over the concentration ranges of (1-24) ng/mL and (4-250) ng/mL with LOD of 0.26 ng/mL and 1.31 ng/mL for AZH and SOS, respectively. The proposed approach was validated successfully according to guidelines adopted by the ICH and compared statistically with the reported LC method with no discernible differences concerning accuracy or precision at p = 0.05. Successful application of the proposed approach achieved with excellent recovery percentages for analysis of the studied analytes in different matrices (pharmaceutical capsules and biological fluids) confirms its suitability for use in QC laboratories and other bioanalytical applications. The proposed approach's greenness was evaluated using two tools namely; penalty points scoring system and green analytical procedure index (GAPI) divulging excellent greenness of this approach relative to the reported LC method. The proposed approach relied chiefly on water as the cheapest and greenest solvent.

Development of green differential pulse voltammetric strategy for the determination of alfuzosin hydrochloride at pencil graphite and modified carbon paste electrodes.

A sensitive and inexpensive differential pulse voltammetric technique was applied to investigate the electrochemical behavior of alfuzosin hydrochloride at two different working electrodes: silica gel modified carbon paste and pencil graphite electrodes (PGE). The voltammetric conditions were optimized using cyclic voltammetry, showing an irreversible anodic peak in Britton-Robinson buffered medium (pH 6) at 0.86-0.90 V. The electrochemical responses were linearly correlated with alfuzosin concentrations (R2> 0.999) in the ranges of 0.6-20 and 0.3-20 µM, exhibiting higher electrocatalytic activity at PGE with a low detection limit/ detectability of 0.099 µM. In addition, this study was a successful attempt for the drug determination in tablets and spiked urine samples with green profile evaluation, employing the National Environmental Methods Index, analytical Eco-Scale score, and Green Analytical Procedure Index.

A synchronous spectrofluorometric technique for simultaneous detection of alfuzosin and tadalafil: applied to tablets and spiked biological samples.

A facile, accurate, eco-friendly and sensitive spectrofluorometric method was evolved to assay alfuzosin hydrochloride (AFH) and tadalafil (TDF) in different matrices. Such a co-administered combination is clinically used for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. Both compounds are characterized by their native fluorescence spectra upon excitation at specific wavelengths. Their characteristic fluorescence spectra were used for sensitive assay of the studied analytes in tablets and human biological samples. The assay principle is based on first-order synchronous spectrofluorometric scan using Δλ = 60 nm in which AFH peaks were recorded at 366 nm. Meanwhile, TDF measurements were recorded at 293 nm in the same scans without overlap with AFH spectra. Recent analytical chemistry trends were implemented to lessen occupational and environmental perils, using ethanol as a diluting solvent for method optimization and application. Linearity ranges were 5.0-90.0 and 10.0-100.0 ng ml-1 for AFH and TDF, respectively in their raw materials with average % recoveries of 100.44% and 99.73% in raw materials, 100.15% and 100.20% in spiked plasma, and 97.14% and 99.99% in spiked urine. The proposed method was successfully applied to Prostetrol and Starkoprex commercial tablets with no interference with common tablet additives.

Green micellar liquid chromatographic analysis of alfuzosin hydrochloride and sildenafil citrate in a binary mixture compared to classical RPLC with stability indicating studies.

Two simple and validated chromatographic studies were performed for simultaneous estimation of sildenafil citrate (SIL) and alfuzosin hydrochloride (ALF) in bulk, pharmaceuticals, and in the presence of their main degradation products. Two systems of mobile phase were applied isocratically for their first chromatographic separation using conventional and micellar mobile phases. Methanol, acetonitrile, and 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate (43:14:43 v/v; pH 4.66) were pumped at 1.3 mL/min in method I. Meanwhile, method II was based on less hazardous micellar mobile phase of nonionic surfactant (0.005 M Brij-35 in water; pH 2.5 adjusted with 0.1% orthophosphoric acid) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Both methods were carried on C18 column and coupled with UV detection at 225 nm at ambient temperature. The first method was rectilinear over the concentration range of 5-62.5 µg/mL for both drugs, while the second method showed higher linearity ranges of 0.5-40, 2.5-62.5 µg/mL for ALF and (SIL), respectively. The developed methods successfully enabled the quantification of the studied binary mixture in their tablets dosage form and evaluation their stabilities. Validation of the proposed methods according to ICH guidelines and system suitability were ascertained. Moreover, the applied methods were evaluated and compared from the perspective of green analytical chemistry, employing the National Environmental Methods Index, analytical Eco-Scale score, and Green Analytical Procedure Index, as three assessment tools.

Use of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists tamsulosin and alfuzosin and the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

PURPOSE: Tamsulosin has been associated with dementia, but the results have been inconsistent. Concerns have been raised about using exposure assessment time too close to the outcome. We investigated the association between use of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists indicated for benign prostate hyperplasia and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using different exposure windows. METHODS: The study (24 602 cases and 98 397 matched controls) included men from the Finnish nationwide nested case-control study on Medication and Alzheimer's disease (MEDALZ). Cases received clinically verified AD diagnosis during 2005-2011 and were community-dwelling at the time of diagnosis. Use of tamsulosin and alfuzosin in 1995-2011 was identified from the Prescription Register and categorized based on whether it had occurred within 3 years before AD diagnosis (lag time) or before that. Dose-response analysis using defined daily doses of drug (DDDs) was conducted. Associations were investigated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for confounders and mediators. RESULTS: The use of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists before lag time associated with an increased risk of AD (OR 1.24 [1.20-1.27]). After adjustment for comorbidities and concomitant drug use throughout the assessment time (confounders) and healthcare contacts within the lag period (mediators), the association weakened (aOR 1.10 [1.06-1.14]). We found no evidence of dose-response-relationship when comparing the users of higher than median DDDs to the users of lower than median DDDs. CONCLUSION: Our findings, especially the lack of dose-response-relationship and attenuation after mediator adjustment, do not provide strong support for the previous hypothesis on α1-adrenoceptor antagonists as a risk factor for dementia.

Ingestional Toxicity of Radiation-Dependent Metabolites of the Host Plant for the Pale Grass Blue Butterfly: A Mechanism of Field Effects of Radioactive Pollution in Fukushima.

Biological effects of the Fukushima nuclear accident have been reported in various organisms, including the pale grass blue butterfly Zizeeria maha and its host plant Oxalis corniculata. This plant upregulates various secondary metabolites in response to low-dose radiation exposure, which may contribute to the high mortality and abnormality rates of the butterfly in Fukushima. However, this field effect hypothesis has not been experimentally tested. Here, using an artificial diet for larvae, we examined the ingestional toxicity of three radiation-dependent plant metabolites annotated in a previous metabolomic study: lauric acid (a saturated fatty acid), alfuzosin (an adrenergic receptor antagonist), and ikarugamycin (an antibiotic likely from endophytic bacteria). Ingestion of lauric acid or alfuzosin caused a significant decrease in the pupation, eclosion (survival), and normality rates, indicating toxicity of these compounds. Lauric acid made the egg-larval days significantly longer, indicating larval growth retardation. In contrast, ikarugamycin caused a significant increase in the pupation and eclosion rates, probably due to the protection of the diet from fungi and bacteria. These results suggest that at least some of the radiation-dependent plant metabolites, such as lauric acid, contribute to the deleterious effects of radioactive pollution on the butterfly in Fukushima, providing experimental evidence for the field effect hypothesis.

[Therapeutic efficacy and safety of monotherapy Alfuprost MR 10 mg/day in clinical practice].

INTRODUCTION: Alpha-blockers are the first-line therapy for men with BPH/LUTS. They have similar efficiency, but different uroselectivity. Therefore, when choosing a-blockers, their safety and adverse events should be taken into account. AIM: To evaluate the efficiency and safety of using Alfuprost MR 10 mg/day for 12 months in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 55 men aged 55-80 years with BPH/ LUTS were included in the study, which was carried out on the basis of 6 outpatient clinics in St. Petersburg from June 2020 to September 2021. Along with standard methods, the examination included an assessment of male sexual function, hemodynamic parameters, and satisfaction with the treatment of patients and physicians using the Likert scale. The follow-up scheme included 7 visits (every 60+/-5 days) and lasted 12 months. RESULTS: After 2 months of therapy with Alfuprost MR, a significant decrease in the number of patients complaining of pain was observed. The proportion of patients with urgency and difficulty with urinating decreased by 50% and 30%, respectively. By the end of the treatment, the total IPSS score decreased by 1.9 times and averaged 9.98 points, the quality of life improved by 2.5 points, the average maximum urine flow rate significantly increased by 1.4 times, reaching 17.4 ml/sec, and the post-void residual volume decreased to 12.5 ml (3.8 times). By the last visit, there was a decrease in prostate volume by 4.3%. Moreover, the proportion of patients with an initial level of total PSA 2.5-4 ng/ml decreased by 25.4%. The level of PSA after treatment less than 2.5 ng/ml was seen in 70.9% of cases. All patients were satisfied with the treatment after 2 months, as well as investigators at visit 5. There was a significant improvement in all components of the sexual function, especially erectile function. In addition, there were no significant changes in ejaculation. CONCLUSION: Long-term therapy with Alfuprost MR 10 mg/day has high therapeutic efficacy and safety in elderly patients with LUTS/BPH, regardless of comorbidities.

A sensing platform of molecular imprinted polymer-based polyaniline/carbon paste electrodes for simultaneous potentiometric determination of alfuzosin and solifenacin in binary co-formulation and spiked plasma.

Solid contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have witnessed versatile applications in pharmaceutical and biological analysis however they suffer from some limitations. Besides formation of water layer, the doped ion exchanger in sensing membrane fails to distinguish between two ionic species having relatively similar lipophilicity and carrying same charges. Those shortcomings practically hampered the simultaneous determination of alfuzosin and solifenacin in their combined pharmaceutical combination. Hence, this paper was directed to develop two carbon paste electrodes allowing their simultaneous determination based on molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs). Efforts were firstly directed to stabilize the potential signals through synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles with 26 nm particle size as confirmed by means of UV-spectrophotometry, Zeta-sizer and transmission electron microscope. This was followed by its doping at electrode/ion selective membrane interface leading to diminished potential drift, better Nernstian slopes and lower limit of detections. Secondly, MIPs for each drug were prepared by precipitation polymerization technique and fully characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, surface area analysis and rebinding studies. The prepared MIPs were then incorporated in membrane cocktail and doped over PANI layer. The graved cavities inside MIPs act as synthetic host-tailored receptors that could recognize and bind specifically to each drug. The obtained Nernstian slopes were 57.16 mV/decade for alfuzosin MIP-based sensor and 58.17 mV/decade for solifenacin MIP-based one with respective LOD values of 7.9 × 10-7 M and 8.9 × 10-8 M. Moreover, no interference was ostensibly detected from dosage form excipients, plasma constituents or degradation products/official impurities allowing quantification of alfuzosin and solifenacin in their combined capsule, spiked human plasma and in presence of their degradation products.

Utilization of a micellar matrix for simultaneous spectrofluorimetric estimation of alfuzosin hydrochloride and vardenafil hydrochloride.

A sensitive and direct spectrofluorimetric method was developed for simultaneous quantitation of two co-administered drugs, namely, alfuzosin hydrochloride (AFH) and vardenafil hydrochloride (VRH). Both drugs exhibited native fluorescence properties that could be exploited to assay them in biological fluids with high sensitivity. Spectrofluorimetric analysis of AFH and VRH is based on excitation of both drugs at 265 nm where emission spectra were recorded separately for AFH and VRH at 380 and 485 nm, respectively. Micellar trends in analytical chemistry were adopted to minimize both environmental and occupational hazards, using distilled water and sodium dodecyl sulphate (serves as a micellar medium that enhanced the sensitivity of AFH and VRH) for analysis of both drugs in their raw materials, tablets, and human biological fluids (plasma and urine). Linearity ranges were 1.0-16.0 and 10.0-700.0 ng mL-1 for AFH and VRH, respectively. The proposed method was successfully assessed for analysis of AFH and VRH in spiked human plasma and urine samples over the following concentrations: 1.0-12.0 ng mL-1 and 4.0-400.0 ng mL-1 for both drugs, simultaneously with mean recoveries of 101.08 % and 102.06 % in plasma and 96.75 % and 92.8 % in urine. Statistical analysis of the practical results has proved quite good agreement and revealed there were no significant differences in the accuracy and precision with those obtained by the comparison methods. The proposed method was applied successfully to Prostetrol® and Powerecta® commercial tablets without interference with tablet additives.

[The influence of alfuzosin monotherapy on the sexual function of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in real clinical practice (results of a Russian multicenter study)].

INTRODUCTION: The current armamentarium of drugs for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is diverse and includes both monotherapy and combination therapy. Indirect and limited direct comparisons have demonstrated that all alpha-1-blockers (a1-ABs) have similar efficacy when used at appropriate doses. Differences in tropism to the prostate of modern 1-ABs are largely responsible for the severity of their side effects, mainly negative influence on sexual function and cardiovascular system. AIM: To evaluate the influence of Alfuprost MR 10 mg once daily on sexual function in patients with LUTS due to BPH during 3-months therapy in real clinical practice. The secondary endpoint was an effect on systolic, diastolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 537 men with LUTS/BPH were included in the study by urologists from 21 outpatient departments of the Russian Federation. The follow-up included 3 visits: visit of inclusion in the program of patients with a previously prescribed drug of Alfuprost MR in a dosage of 10 mg once a day (visit "0"), visit 1 at 30 days (+/-5 days) later, and visit 2 at 90 days (+/-5 days) after inclusion in the study. At each visit, evaluation of complaints and physical examination was performed. In addition, patients completed questionnaires: International prostate symptom score (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL) index; the full version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire; the Likert scale for the patient and for the physician. Also, laboratory and instrumental studies used in routine clinical practice were recorded: total prostate specific antigen (PSA) in serum; ultrasound examination (US) of the bladder; transrectal ultrasound examination (TRUS) of the prostate; uroflowmetry (maximum urine flow rate (Qmax)); measurement of systolic and diastolic BP; measurement of heart rate. RESULTS: after 3 months of therapy with Alfuprost MR in a dosage of 10 mg once a day, significant (p<0.05) improvement of all urodynamic parameters was documented, including a decrease in the average IPSS score by 55% and improvement of quality of life by 2.46 points (on the QoL index); increase of Qmax by 53%; reduction of the average postvoid residual to normal values. In addition to a significant improvement in the quality of urination, changes in sexual function were also positive. Thus, the average total IIEF score increased significantly (p<0,05) from 45.35 to 53.18 points. When considering specific domains of male sexual function, positive dynamics in all domains was noted: overall improvement of orgasm function, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction and overall sexual functioning was 11.98%, 15.14%, 19.7% and 18.46%, respectively. Hemodynamic indices remained stable during the 3-month follow-up; only clinically insignificant decrease in systolic BP by no more than 2 mm Hg during the entire follow-up period was observed. At the same time there was no influence on diastolic BP. Changes in heart rate were also clinically insignificant, averaging no more than 1 beat per minute. CONCLUSIONS: The results of observational study allow to recommend Alfuprost MR as a first-line therapy for BPH, including for sexually active men and patients with various types of sexual dysfunction. Considering minimal and clinically insignificant vasodilatory effects observed during 3 months of therapy, it is possible to prescribe Alfuprost MR in a dosage of 10 mg once daily, including comorbid patients.

[Modern possibilities of therapy of a urological patient with concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system].

INTRODUCTION: Currently, there is a large selection of -blockers on the pharmaceutical market, while they have comparable effectiveness, slightly differing only in safety profile. However, even small differences are of fundamental importance for comorbid patients, especially for those patients who are prone to developing cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The choice of -blockers, which is able to minimize the risks of cardiovascular complications, is important. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Outpatient cards of 120 patients with BPH and concomitant high blood pressure or stage 1-2 hypertension, who had been taking Alfuprost MR for at least 12 weeks, were analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups of the same number. In group 1, 60 patients with LUTS/BPH and concomitant high blood pressure did not take any antihypertensive drugs, while 60 patients with LUTS/BPH and stage 1-2 hypertension in group 2 received antihypertensive drugs (according to the recommendation of an internist or cardiologist). Based on the analyzed data, the efficacy of the drug Alfuprost MR, its safety profile, including the effect on blood pressure and pulse, and the recorded adverse events after 4 and 12 weeks were assessed. RESULTS: An analysis of the results of a retrospective study showed an improvement in LUTS in both groups, starting from 4 weeks of treatment, followed by positive dynamics by 12 weeks of therapy with Alfuprost MR. The data obtained correspond to those presented in the literature. During 3 months of therapy, it was recorded: a decrease in the average score on the IPSS scale by 30%; an increase in the average urine flow rate by 20.6%; a decrease in the average amount of residual urine to normal values; an improvement in the quality of life of patients, according to the results of filling out the QoL questionnaire, by an average of 1.8 points. Patients in both groups had clinically insignificant fluctuations in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, less than 1 mmHg (in both groups) during 12 weeks of therapy; changes in heart rate during 3 months of therapy with Alfuprost MR were also clinically insignificant and averaged no more than 1 beat per minute In the medical records of patients, no adverse reactions were registered during therapy with Alfuprost MR, which confirms the high safety profile of the drug in clinical practice. CONCLUSION: Thus, Alfuprost MR is an effective means for the treatment of LUTI in BPH, with minimal vasodilating effects, which allows the drug to be prescribed to comorbid patients with concomitant high blood pressure or hypertension, including those taking antihypertensive drugs.

Metabolomic Response of the Creeping Wood Sorrel Oxalis corniculata to Low-Dose Radiation Exposure from Fukushima's Contaminated Soil.

The biological consequences of the Fukushima nuclear accident have been intensively studied using the pale grass blue butterfly Zizeeria maha and its host plant, the creeping wood sorrel Oxalis corniculata. Here, we performed metabolomic analyses of Oxalis leaves from Okinawa to examine the plant metabolites that were upregulated or downregulated in response to low-dose radiation exposure from Fukushima's contaminated soil. The cumulative dose of radiation to the plants was 5.7 mGy (34 µGy/h for 7 days). The GC-MS analysis revealed a systematic tendency of downregulation among the metabolites, some of which were annotated as caproic acid, nonanoic acid, azelaic acid, and oleic acid. Others were annotated as fructose, glucose, and citric acid, involved in the carbohydrate metabolic pathways. Notably, the peak annotated as lauric acid was upregulated. In contrast, the LC-MS analysis detected many upregulated metabolites, some of which were annotated as either antioxidants or stress-related chemicals involved in defense pathways. Among them, only three metabolite peaks had a single annotation, one of which was alfuzosin, an antagonist of the α1-adrenergic receptor. We conclude that this Oxalis plant responded metabolically to low-dose radiation exposure from Fukushima's contaminated soil, which may mediate the ecological "field effects" of the developmental deterioration of butterflies in Fukushima.

Alfuzosin for the medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms: a systematic review of the literature and narrative synthesis.

BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are a bothersome frequent symptom in adult males. This systematic review analyzed the available evidence on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of alfuzosin, and its clinical efficacy both as monotherapy and in combination with other drugs for the treatment of male LUTS/BPH. METHODS: A systematic review of the last 10 years was performed using the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane libraries in March 2020. The protocol for this systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (Central Registration Depository: CRD42020136120) and is available in full on the University of York website. RESULTS: Alfuzosin is a quinazoline derivative and, although a nonspecific α1-blocker, exhibits a selective concentration in the prostate compared with plasma in patients with BPH. Three registration trials assessed the safety and efficacy of alfuzosin. The 10 mg daily formulation has a three-layered matrix containing the active substance between two inactive coats allowing a drug release over 20 h. Alfuzosin showed high tolerability, few vasodilatory effects and a low rate of ejaculation disorders over older alpha-blocking compounds thanks to the high uroselectivity of alfuzosin and its preferential concentration at urinary level. Six randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessed efficacy and safety of alfuzosin versus other alpha-blockers ± placebo: three studies comparing with tamsulosin, one with doxazosin, and two with silodosin or tamsulosin. One RCT investigated the clinical outcomes of alfuzosin with finasteride, two with propiverine and two with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: Alfuzosin is an effective drug for the treatment of LUTS/BPH, with a lower rate of sexual disorders compared with other alpha-blockers. Alfuzosin is also safe with low adverse events in case of concomitant antihypertensive therapy and in patients with cardiovascular morbidity. Safety and efficacy of alfuzosin has been reported also in case of combination therapy with antimuscarinic agents and PDE5i.

Alfuzosin and Its Effect on Ejaculatory Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.

Studies have demonstrated that alfuzosin not only improves lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) but also appears to preserve ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of alfuzosin on ejaculatory function using the 'Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ)-EjD Short Form' - a validated, abridged-version of the 25-item MSHQ specifically assessing EjD. A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and grey literature was performed in January 2017 to identify relevant cohort studies. Search terms were 'alfuzosin', 'benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'ejaculatory dysfunction' and their synonyms without exclusions. Six cohort studies conducted between 2008 to 2015 were selected for analysis. Three of these were conducted in Korea, one in Thailand, one in China, and one in Tunisia. Overall, 1,371 patients were enrolled in these studies with a median age of 62.3 years. All studies quantified patient LUTS and ejaculatory function using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and MSHQ-EjD Short Form, respectively. IPSS had a median decrease of 6.6 while MSHQ-EjD had a median increase of 1.9. This review highlights the very real association between sexual function and LUTS. This systematic review confirms that alfuzosin may improve ejaculatory function in addition to LUTS and should be considered in men who are sexually active or who already complain of deteriorating ejaculation.

[The use of alfuzosin in the treatment of patients with acute urinary retention].

AIM: To study the efficiency of using alfuzosin 10 mg (Alfuprost MR, SUN Pharma) in routine clinical practice in order to predict its feasibility for treating acute urinary retention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 47 patients, aged from 54 to 88 years old (mean 68.5+/-5.6) with acute urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated at the urology department of City clinical hospital named after D.D. Pletnev from September to December 2019. 14 patients were excluded from the study since they had chronic urinary retention. In all cases, urethral catheter was put and left in place for 24-72 hours (mean 44+/-12). All 33 patients were prescribed alfuzosin 10 mg. After removal of the urethral catheter, spontaneous voiding was restored in 19 patients. Transurethral resection of the prostate was consequently performed in three patients. In one patient, the urethral catheter was changed to cystostomy tube due to the urethritis. Recurrent urinary retention occurred in 10 men, and 8 patients underwent cystostomy. In other two cases, spontaneous voiding was restored after repeated removal of the urethral catheter. RESULTS: the efficiency of conservative therapy was 63.6% (21/33). According to our results, history of severe lower urinary tract symptoms, the prostate volume more than 50 cc and intravesical protrusion of more than 1 cm have a significant influence on the outcome of conservative therapy in patients with acute urinary retention. CONCLUSIONS: Based on a prospective study, a high efficiency and safety of the Alfuprost MP 10 mg/day in patients with acute urinary retention was established.