Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Rupture: Identification of the Failure Mechanism of a Percutaneous Closure Procedure.

Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare but highly lethal (∼60%) mechanical complication of myocardial infarction (MI). Although surgical repair has been the gold standard to correct the structural anomaly, percutaneous closure of the defect may represent a valuable therapeutic alternative, with the advantage of immediate shunt reduction to prevent further hemodynamic deterioration in patients with prohibitive surgical risk. Nonetheless, catheter-based VSR closure has faced certain drawbacks that have hampered its application. We describe a clinical case of postinfarction VSR treated with a percutaneous closure device and discuss the procedure's failure mechanism. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).

Vascular Closure Devices Attenuate Femoral Access Complications of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

OBJECTIVES: To compare severe complications related to radial access and those related to femoral access using vascular closure devices for patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND: Femoral artery access is still used for acute myocardial infarction management; studies comparing state-of-the-art radial and femoral techniques are required to minimize bias regarding the outcomes associated with operator preferences. METHODS: We performed a randomized study comparing radial access with a compression device and anatomic landmark-guided femoral access with a hemostatic vascular closure device. The severe complication rates related to the access site were assessed until hospital discharge. A meta- analysis including studies with comparable populations reporting severe bleeding and major adverse cardiovascular event rates was performed. RESULTS: A total of 250 patients were included who underwent PCI between January 2016 and February 2019. Mean age was 61.5 ± 12.2 years, 73.2% were men, and 28.4% had diabetes. There were no differences between groups or in vascular access-related severe complication rates (8.0% for femoral group vs 5.6% for radial group; P=.45). Although radial access was associated with decreased vascular complications related to the access site when compared with the femoral approach (relative risk [RR], 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.95), the meta-analysis did not show an impact on severe bleeding (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.37-1.46) or severe cardiovascular adverse events (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.30-1.58). CONCLUSIONS: Compliance with femoral artery puncture techniques and routine use of a vascular closure device promoted low severe complication rates.

Closure of mid-bore venotomies with VASCADE VCD after right and left heart catheterization.

OBJECTIVE: This single-center, retrospective analysis investigated the clinical outcomes of a novel vascular closure device (VASCADE, Cardiva Medical, Santa Clara, CA) for closure of 7F femoral venotomies. BACKGROUND: The VASCADE closure device has been widely used to close arteriotomy sites following femoral procedures; however, little data have been published regarding the device's utility in closure of venotomy sites after procedures such as right-heart catheterization. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of outcomes in 102 consecutive patients who underwent venous closure using the VASCADE device following diagnostic right and left-heart catheterization between April 2016 to May 2018. Patients' age, gender, valvular disease status, comorbidities, and periprocedural use of antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy were analyzed. RESULTS: Closure was successful in 99% (101/102) of patients with respect to achieving the primary outcome of rapid hemostasis in ≤3 min. There was one device failure requiring manual compression, with no further complications. There were no other related adverse events or complications through 30 days of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The VASCADE device achieved venous hemostasis in nearly all our patients. We believe devices for venous closure can aid in improving patient experience, safety, and efficiency during these procedures.

Fatores de risco para complicações relacionadas ao acesso vascular em pacientes submetidos à estratégia invasiva precoce / Risk factors for vascular access-related complications in patients undergoing early invasive strategy

Introdução: O conhecimento dos fatores de risco relacionados às complicações do acesso vascular em pacientes submetidos à estratégia invasiva precoce permite adotar estratégias capazes de minimizá-las. Métodos: Realizamos subanálise do estudo ARISE, com o objetivo de identificar preditores de complicações vasculares em pacientes randomizados para as técnicas radial ou femoral com emprego de dispositivo de oclusão vascular (DOV). Resultados: Foram incluídos 240 pacientes, com média de idade de 63,0 ± 10,7 anos, sendo 30,8% diabéticos e, exceto pela maior prevalência de mulheres no grupo radial, não foram observadas diferenças clínicas entre os grupos. Intervenção coronária percutânea foi realizada em 86,7% dos casos. A taxa de complicações vasculares aos 30 dias foi de 13,3% no grupo radial, à custa de hematomas > 5 cm (6,7%) e oclusão arterial assintomática (5,8%), e de 12,5% no grupo femoral, à custa de hematomas > 5 cm, sem diferença significativa. Foram identificados como fatores de risco para complicações do acesso vascular o índice de massa corporal (IMC), o acidente vascular encefálico prévio, a maior duração do procedimento e o insucesso do DOV. Pela análise estratificada, o sexo feminino e o escore CRUSADE de alto ou muito alto risco foram variáveis preditoras de complicações apenas para o grupo femoral. No modelo multivariado, os fatores que permaneceram significantes foram o IMC e o insucesso do DOV. Conclusões: As técnicas radial e femoral, com o emprego de DOV, compartilharam variáveis preditoras de complicações. Fatores de risco, como sexo feminino e escore CRUSADE de alto risco, foram atenuados pela utilização da técnica radial

Background: The knowledge of risk factors related to vascular access complications in patients undergoing early invasive strategy allows the adoption of methods to minimize them. Methods: We performed a subanalysis of the ARISE study, aiming to identify predictors of vascular complications in patients randomized to the radial or femoral techniques with the use of vascular closure device (VCD). Results: A total of 240 patients with a mean age of 63.0 ± 10.7 years were included, with 30.8% of diabetics. Except for a higher prevalence of women in the radial group, there were no clinical differences between the groups. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 86.7% of the cases. The rate of vascular complications after 30 days was 13.3% in the radial group, due to hematoma > 5 cm (6.7%) and asymptomatic artery occlusion (5.8%), and 12.5% in femoral group, due to hematoma > 5 cm, without significant difference. The following were identified as risk factors for vascular access complications: body mass index (BMI), previous stroke, longer duration of the procedure, and VCD failure. At the stratified analysis, female gender and high or very high-risk CRUSADE score were predictors of complications only for the femoral group. In the multivariate model, the factors that remained significant were BMI and VCD failure. Conclusions: The radial and femoral techniques, with the use of VCD, shared variables that were predictors of complications. Risk factors, such as female gender and high-risk CRUSADE score, were attenuated by the use of the radial technique