Preface to the 9th Biennial COAST Conference: Harnessing Technology and Biomedicine for Personalized Orthodontics.

OBJECTIVE: The Consortium on Orthodontic Advances in Science and Technology (COAST) convened for its 9th biennial conference titled 'Harnessing Technology and Biomedicine for Personalized Orthodontics' to explore cutting-edge craniofacial research towards building the foundations for precision care in orthodontics. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Seventy-five faculty, scholars, private practitioners, industry, residents and students met at the UCLA Arrowhead Lodge on 6-9 November 2022 for networking, scientific presentations and facilitated discussions. Thirty-three speakers provided state-of-the-art, evidence-based scientific and perspective updates in craniofacial and orthodontic-related fields. The overall format included an Education Innovation Award Faculty Development Career Enrichment (FaCE) workshop focused on faculty career development, three lunch and learns, keynote or short talks and poster presentations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The 2022 COAST Conference was organized thematically to include (a) genes, cells and environment in craniofacial development and abnormalities; (b) precision modulation of tooth movement, retention and facial growth; (c) applications of artificial intelligence in craniofacial health; (d) precision approaches to Sleep Medicine, OSA and TMJ therapies; and (e) precision technologies and appliances. RESULTS: The collective advances in orthodontics and science represented in the manuscripts of this issue fulfil our goal of laying solid foundations for personalized orthodontics. Participants elevated the need for stronger industry-academic research partnerships to leverage knowledge gained from large datasets with treatment approaches and outcomes; systematizing the potential of big data including through multi-omics and artificial intelligence approaches; refining the genotype: phenotype correlation to create biotechnology that will rescue inherited dental and craniofacial defects; evolving studies of tooth movement, sleep apnoea and TMD treatment to accurately measure dysfunction and treatment successes; and maximizing the integration of newer orthodontic devices and digital workflows. CONCLUSIONS: Technological advances combined with those in biomedicine and machine learning are rapidly changing the delivery of health care including that in orthodontics. These advances promise to lead to enhanced customization, efficiencies and outcomes of patient care in routine orthodontic problems and in severe craniofacial problems, OSA and TMD.

Applications and impact of computer technologies in management of multimorbidity.

OBJECTIVE: To highlight clinical scenarios and healthcare practitioners' difficulties where computer applications can help in multimorbidity management. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to January 2019 in the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised local physicians/practitioners. Data was collected using a self-generated questionnaire which was distributed among the subjects. It identified four problems as most commonly faced: treatment/dose management, time management, forgetting to ask necessary questions about disease, and 'others', such as bad handwriting errors and ethical issues. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. RESULTS: Of the 53 subjects, 33(62%) marked problems related to treatment management, 35(66%) marked problems related to shortage of time, 34(64%) marked those related to difficulty in asking relevant questions about disease, 15(28%) marked the 'other' option. CONCLUSIONS: Computer technologies are significantly helpful in managing the problems of treating multimorbidity by adopting standard database.

Preface to COAST 2018 Innovators' Workshop: Bridging the biology and technology gap in orthodontics and craniofacial care.

OBJECTIVE: A third focused workshop explored how to transfer novel findings into clinical orthodontic practice. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Participants met at the Scottsdale Plaza Resort, 12-16 September 2018 for the Consortium for Orthodontic Advances in Science and Technology 2018 Innovators' Workshop. Thirty speakers and four lunch-hour focus group leaders shared and exchanged information with approximately 45 registered attendees. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This Innovators' Workshop was organized according to five themed sessions which covered: (a) The relevance of genetics, biology and environment to therapeutic outcomes; (b) Application of bioinformatics in craniofacial research; (c) Regeneration with and for orthodontic treatment; (d) Technology in precision orthodontics; and (e) Muscle, joint, and airway: Growth, function and pain. RESULTS: The papers that comprise this supplemental issue exemplify the important outcomes of the 2018 COAST Workshop. In addition, matters identified as important needs include improved understanding of neural, skeletal and muscle tissue crosstalk in early craniofacial growth; standardized methods for three-dimensional radiographic and surface landmark and reference plane identification, measurements and serial superimpositioning techniques for use in the clinic; sharing and making available existing data sets (eg, cone beam computed tomography images, genotype-phenotype data); evidence of the usefulness and effectiveness of new devices; guidelines of what to measure to characterize the airway; more information about the influences of the soft tissues on craniofacial morphology; and information about effective digital work flows applied to clinical and educational settings. CONCLUSIONS: Progress in bridging the biology-technology gap has identified new needs for improvements in orthodontics and craniofacial care.

Approaches to the preparation of the oral cavity for prosthetics using computer simulation: An analysis of domestic and foreign experience / 国际药学研究杂志

The article analyzes domestic and foreign experience in planning the preparation of oral cavity for prosthetics. Recently, thanks to the development of computer technology, the possibility of virtual 3D-modeling of the prosthesis design and its further prototyping has appeared [1; 2; 5]. Digital treatment planning, based on three-dimensional imaging procedures, allows you to plan therapy with absolute precision and makes the outcome of treatment exactly predictable. Analysis of domestic experience shows that one of the most common in the practice of orthopedic dentistry is the program Blue Sky Plan. Patterns made in the program are easily exported to STL files and do not require additional processing. The program contains a wide range of implant systems. In foreign practice, guided surgery from DENTSPLY Implants is very popular, which offers a comprehensive solution for digital treatment planning and placement of implants based on SIMPLANT software templates.

Preface to COAST 2016 innovators' workshop on personalized and precision orthodontic therapy.

OBJECTIVE: A second focused workshop explored how to transfer novel findings into clinical orthodontic practice. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Participants met in West Palm Beach (Florida, USA), on 9-11 September 2016 for the Consortium for Orthodontic Advances in Science and Technology 2016 Innovators' Workshop (COAST). Approximately 65 registered attendees considered and discussed information from 27 to 34 speakers, 8 to 15 poster presenters and four lunch-hour focus group leaders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The innovators' workshops were organized according to five themed sessions. The aims of the discussion sessions were to identify the following: i) the strength and impact of the evidenced-based discoveries, ii) required steps to enable further development and iii) required steps to translate these new discoveries into orthodontic practice. RESULTS: The role of gene-environment interactions that underlie complex craniofacial traits was the focus of several sessions. It was agreed that diverse approaches are called for, such as (i) large-scale collaborative efforts for future genetic studies of complex traits; (ii) deep genome sequencing to address the issues of isolated mutations; (iii) quantifying epigenetic-environmental variables in diverse areas myofascial pain, alveolar remodelling and mandibular growth. Common needs identified from the themed sessions were multiscale/multispecies modelling and experimentation using controlled and quantified mechanics and translation of the findings in bone biology between species. Panel discussions led to the consensus that a consortium approach to establish standards for intra-oral scanning and 3D imaging should be initiated. CONCLUSIONS: Current and emerging technologies still require supported research to translate new findings from the laboratory to orthodontic practice.

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva: análise da produção científica e redes colaborativas de pesquisa / Ciência & Saúde Coletiva: scientific production analysis and collaborative research networks

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo métrico e descritivo foi identificar os autores mais produtivos e suas redes colaborativas de pesquisa a partir de artigos publicados na Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva entre 2005 e 2014. Os autores que satisfazem o critério de corte de pelo menos 10 artigos no período foram considerados os mais produtivos. Os programas VOSviewer e Network Workbench foram aplicados para as representações visuais das redes colaborativas de pesquisa envolvendo os autores mais produtivos no período. Uma análise inicial recuperou 2511 artigos distintos com 8920 autores no total e uma média de 3,55 autores por artigo. A análise de autores revelou 6288 autores distintos, sendo 24 destes identificados como os mais produtivos. Esses 24 autores produziram 287 artigos com uma média de 4,31 autores por artigo, e representaram 8 parcerias colaborativas separadas, a maior delas com 14 autores, indicando um grau significativo de colaboração entre eles. Esta análise oferece uma representação visual das redes de conhecimento desenvolvidas na área de saúde coletiva e demonstra a importância das tecnologias aplicadas em pesquisa futura.

Abstract The purpose of this metric and descriptive study was to identify the most productive authors and their collaborative research networks from articles published in Ciência & Saúde Coletiva between, 2005, and 2014. Authors meeting the cutoff criteria of at least 10 articles were considered the most productive authors. VOSviewer and Network Workbench technologies were applied for visual representations of collaborative research networks involving the most productive authors in the period. Initial analysis recovered 2511 distinct articles, with 8920 total authors with an average of 3.55 authors per article. Author analysis revealed 6288 distinct authors, 24 of these authors were identified as the most productive. These 24 authors generated 287 articles with an average of 4.31 authors per article, and represented 8 separate collaborative partnerships, the largest of which had 14 authors, indicating a significant degree of collaboration among these authors. This analysis provides a visual representation of networks of knowledge development in public health and demonstrates the usefulness of VOSviewer and Network Workbench technologies in future research.

Personalized and precision orthodontic therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To bring together orthodontic stakeholders from academics, industry, and private practice for a series of thematically focused workshops to explore and develop the transfer of novel approaches into clinical orthodontic practice. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Twenty-seven invited speakers, eight poster presenters, and participants of the Consortium for Orthodontic Advances in Science and Technology (COAST) 2014 Innovators' Workshop at the Eaglewood Resort and Spa, Itasca, Illinois, September 11-14, 2014. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five themed sessions involving between 4-7 presentations followed by panel discussions were organized. The aims of the discussion sessions were to highlight important findings and consider the strength of evidence for these, indicate next steps and needed research or technological developments to move forward, and to weigh the expected benefits from these findings and steps to implement in clinical practice. RESULTS: Among important areas for attention identified were need for multiscale and multispecies modeling and experimentation for interspecies translation of results; large-scale collaborative efforts within the profession to address the need for adequate sample sizes for future genetic studies of complex traits such as malocclusion; a consortium approach to improve new technologies such as intra-oral scanning and 3D imaging by establishing standards; and harnessing the growing body of knowledge about bone biology for application in orthodontics. CONCLUSIONS: With increased awareness of the potential of current and emerging technologies, translation of personalized and precision approaches in the field of orthodontics holds ever-increasing promise.