Validating the AI-assisted second language (L2) learning attitude scale for Chinese college students and its correlation with L2 proficiency.

The positive impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on second language (L2) learning is well-documented. An individual's attitude toward AI significantly influences its adoption. Despite this, no specific scale has been designed to measure this attitude, particularly in the Chinese context. To address this gap, our study aims to construct the AI-Assisted L2 Learning Attitude Scale for Chinese College Students (AL2AS-CCS) and evaluate its reliability, validity, and relationship with L2 proficiency. Our research comprises two phases, each involving separate samples. In Phase One (Sample 1: n = 379), we conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the factor structure of the AL2AS-CCS. The resulting two-factor structure consists of 12 items, categorized into cognitive and behavioral components. In Phase Two (Sample 2: n = 429), we performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the factor structure and assess model fit. CFA in Sample 2 confirmed the factor structure and demonstrated a good model fit. Additionally, the AL2AS-CCS exhibited high criterion validity, internal consistency, and cross-gender invariance. Our findings suggest that the AL2AS-CCS is a valid measurement tool for assessing Chinese college students' attitude toward AI-assisted L2 learning. Moreover, Chinese college students were discovered to maintain a moderately positive attitude toward AI-assisted L2 learning. Additionally, a positive correlation was identified between this attitude and their L2 proficiency.

The interplay of facilitation and competition drives the emergence of multistability in dryland plant communities.

Within communities, species are wrapped in a set of feedbacks with each other and with their environment. When such feedbacks are strong enough they can generate alternative stable states. So far, research on alternative stable states has mostly focused on systems with a small number of species and a limited diversity of interaction types. Here, we analyze a spatial model of plant community dynamics in stressed ecosystems such as drylands, where each species is characterized by a strategy, and the different species interact through facilitation and competition for space and resources, such as water. We identify three different types of multistability emerging from the interplay of competition and facilitation. Under low-stress levels, plant communities organize in small groups of coexisting species, maintained by space, competition and facilitation ("cliques"). Under higher stress levels, positive feedback from facilitation lead to the dominance of a single facilitating species ("mutual exclusion states"). At the highest stress levels, the single facilitating species left in the system coexists with the desert state. By linking community ecology and alternative stable states theory using a spatial plant community model for stressed ecosystems, our study contributes to highlight the importance of positive feedback loops for the stability of ecological communities.

Learning from disability studies to introduce the role of the individual to naturalistic accounts of disease.

Disability studies have been successfully focusing on individuals' lived experiences, the personalization of goals, and the constitution of the individual in defining disease and restructuring public understandings of disability. Although they had a strong influence in the policy making and medical modeling of disease, their framework has not been translated to traditional naturalistic accounts of disease. I will argue that, using new developments in evolutionary biology (Extended Evolutionary Synthesis [EES] about questions of proper function) and behavioral ecology (Niche conformance and construction about the questions of reference classes in biostatistics accounts), the main elements of the framework of disability studies can be used to represent life histories at the conceptual level of the two main "non-normative" accounts of disease. I chose these accounts since they are related to medicine in a more descriptive way. The success of the practical aspects of disability studies this way will be communicated without causing injustice to the individual since they will represent the individuality of the patient in two main naturalistic accounts of disease: the biostatistical account and the evolutionary functional account. Although most accounts criticizing the concept of disease as value-laden do not supply a positive element, disability studies can supply a good point for descriptive extension of the concept through inclusion of epistemic agency.

The impact of safety attitude on hazard identification and risk analysis: evidence from event-related potentials.

A questionnaire survey and an event-related potential (ERP) experiment were used to reveal the impact of safety attitudes on risk perception. The results revealed that during hazard identification, the N130 amplitude of subjects with negative safety attitude was significantly higher, which implied that subjects with negative safety attitude were more likely to feel confused. During risk analysis, subjects with positive safety attitude were more inclined to overestimate the probability and damage degree of risks; subjects with positive safety attitudes displayed higher P150 and late positive potential amplitudes, which indicated that subjects with positive safety attitudes devoted more attention to risks in the early stage of risk analysis and had a more intense affective response in the later period. The risk judgment ability of subjects with positive safety attitude was affected by time pressure, and they exhibited higher risk judgment accuracy only under no time pressure.

Construction of PARI public health education programs for Chinese undergraduates: a Delphi study.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop a consensus among experts on a comprehensive and scientifically sound physical activity-related injuries (PARI) public health education program specifically tailored for undergraduates. Methods: This study designed three rounds of expert consultation by using a Delphi method. A panel of 30 experts from the fields of public health education, sports medicine, anesthesia pain, emergency medicine, and emergency nursing participated in the study. Results: This study successfully established a consensus among experts on the goals, content, teaching methods, and time allocation for the PARI Public Health Education Program for undergraduates. The program encompasses 10 objectives divided into 2 main categories: professional knowledge and skill goals. In terms of content, it includes 5 primary indicators, 22 secondary indicators, and 56 detailed tertiary indicators. Six teaching methods were identified as suitable. Additionally, a typical 60-min educational session was segmented into eight parts, with a proposed time arrangement for each, ensuring comprehensive coverage of all topics. Conclusion: The consensus achieved in this study on the PARI Public Health Education Program for undergraduates lays a crucial foundation for the advancement of health literacy and proactive health management within this demographic. We presented a comprehensive framework for PARI public health education, integrating diverse learning methods and content areas. This systematic approach not only enriched the resources available for undergraduate health education, especially of PARI but also had the potential to significantly impact the implementation and effectiveness of health promotion strategies.

Burden of carpal tunnel syndrome and its associated factors among construction industry workers in Gondar town, Ethiopia.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is characterized by symptoms such as pain, numbness, or tingling on the anterior surface of the index, middle, or radial half of the ring finger, which is frequently associated with weakness of hand grip, and nocturnal pain and/or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel between the carpal bones and the transverse ligament. The construction industry involves many activities aside from the building process, such as landscaping, painting, electrical supply, plastering, paving, and telecommunications. Performing such tasks involves repetition of wrist flexion and extension, forceful grip with the hand, and/or vibrations of the hand and arm. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome and its associated risk factors among construction workers. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among six construction sectors in Gondar from April to July 2021. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was prepared from the literature with a Katz hand diagram, and a physical examination and a special test (carpal compression test, Phalen's, and Tinel's test) were carried out for those participants who reported pain during the interview. Binary logistic regression was conducted with SPSS 25 to identify the associated risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. The strength of the association was detected by the adjusted odds ratio. Result: A total of 333 study participants aged 18-70 years were included in this study. Among the participants, 11.7% (AOR: 95%CI: 8.1-15.3) had carpal tunnel syndrome. Age, cigarette smoking, work experience, and working with finger-pressing tools were risk factors significantly associated with carpal tunnel syndrome among construction workers with a p-value of <0.05. Conclusion: The magnitude of carpal tunnel syndrome was 11.7% among construction workers. Being of older age, having more experience, cigarette smoking, and working with finger-pressing tools were risk factors significantly associated with carpal tunnel syndrome among construction workers. Employers should implement work safety education programs that raise awareness about the risks of cigarette smoking and encourage employers and supervisors to seek early medical intervention and treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome before it becomes a chronic problem.

Establishment of a promising vitiligo mouse model for pathogenesis and treatment studies.

AIMS: Vitiligo is a chronic dermatological condition characterized by the progressive loss of melanocytes, for which traditional therapy has shown limited efficacy. This study aimed to establish a vitiligo model with easy operability, high repeatability, and stable depigmentation to provide a foundation for studying the pathogenesis and developing novel therapies for vitiligo. METHODS: (1) Establishing vitiligo model: Firstly, deliver B16F10 cells to the back skin of C57BL/6 J via intradermal injection (day 0), and the CD4 depletion antibody was injected intraperitoneally on day 4 and 10. Secondly, the melanoma was surgically removed on day 12. Thirdly, CD8 antibody was administered intraperitoneally every fourth day till day 30. (2) Identification of vitiligo model: H&E staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the melanocytes. The melanin was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Lillie ferrous sulfate staining and L-DOPA staining. RESULTS: (1) The back skin and hair began to appear white on day 30. Melanin loss reached peak on day 60; (2) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results showed melanocytes were reduced. L-DOPA staining, Lillie ferrous sulfate staining and TEM results showed that melanin decreased in the epidermis. CONCLUSION: We successfully establishment a vitiligo mouse model which can be more capable to simulate the pathogenesis of human vitiligo and provide an important basis for the study of pathogenesis and therapy of vitiligo.

From self-commitment to career crafting: The mediating role of career adaptability and the moderating role of job autonomy.

The objective of this study is to explore the influence of self-commitment on career crafting, examining the mediating role of career adaptability and the moderating effect of job autonomy within the context of career construction theory. This research aims to deepens our understanding of the key mechanisms that underpin successful career development, providing valuable insights for both individuals and organizations to enhance career success and adaptability. Utilizing a two-wave survey methodology, we collected data from 363 full-time employees across various industries in the United States. Hierarchical regression analysis and the PROCESS Macro were employed to test the proposed hypotheses. Our findings reveal that self-commitment significantly enhances career crafting through career adaptability. Additionally, job autonomy was found to influence both the direct relationship between self-commitment and career adaptability, and the indirect relationship between self-commitment and career crafting. This study highlights the pathways linking self-commitment to career crafting, underscoring the importance of career adaptability as a developmental tool facilitated by job autonomy. We recommend that individuals commit to their personal growth to enhance their career adaptability and actively shape their careers. Meanwhile, organizations should focus on promoting job autonomy to foster career development, benefiting both employees and the broader organizational ecosystem.

Harnessing the potential of microalgae for the production of monoclonal antibodies and other recombinant proteins.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become indispensable tools in various fields, from research to therapeutics, diagnostics, and industries. However, their production, primarily in mammalian cell culture systems, is cost-intensive and resource-demanding. Microalgae, diverse photosynthetic microorganisms, are gaining attention as a favorable option for manufacturing mAbs and various other recombinant proteins. This review explores the potential of microalgae as a robust expression system for biomanufacturing high-value proteins. It also highlights the diversity of microalgae species suitable for recombinant protein. Nuclear and chloroplast genomes of some microalgae have been engineered to express mAbs and other valuable proteins. Codon optimization, vector construction, and other genetic engineering techniques have significantly improved recombinant protein expression in microalgae. These accomplishments demonstrate the potential of microalgae for biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Microalgal biotechnology holds promise for revolutionizing the production of mAbs and other therapeutic proteins, offering a sustainable and cost-effective solution to address critical healthcare needs.

Linking the assessment of ecological engineering construction with zoning management in the typical agro-pastoral area of China: A perspective from quantity, quality and function.

Combatting land damage has become a global priority, and China has adopted a series of ecological engineering measures, especially in the agro-pastoral area with fragile ecological environment. The effectiveness of ecological engineering construction (EEC), from a comprehensive recognition encompassing its quality, quantity, and function, has remained largely unknown. To this end, Zhangbei County, a typical agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China, was chosen as our focal area. After summarizing the timelines, aims and results of the EEC during various periods in Zhangbei, the linear spectral mixture analysis was employed to process Landsat 5 TM images in 2000 and 2010, as well as Landsat 8 OLI images in 2020. Then, a comprehensive evaluation framework of EEC was established from the perspective of "quantity-quality-function", and the ecological effectiveness of EEC was evaluated from 2000 to 2020 in Zhangbei. Results revealed that EEC played a critical role in enhancing quantity, quality and function, in spite of that, there were still numerous regions showing varying degrees of degradation in terms of these aspects. Then, by extending the three-dimensional cube as the theoretical basis for the zoning management of EEC, we merged four zones according to the space matching relationship among quantity, quality and function of EEC, namely, Ecological conservation area, Ecological improvement area, Ecological restoration area and Ecological remodeling zone. More targeted ecological measures were required for specific matching relationship among quantity, quality and function of EEC. This study is expected to present an empirical case for assessing the ecological effectiveness of EEC in areas or countries with similar restoration demand and support regional management.

Assessing life cycle sustainability: A comprehensive review of concrete produced from construction waste fine fractions.

This paper presents an overview of the scholarly works employing the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach to evaluate the environmental impact of construction and demolition waste (CDW) fine fractions derived from concrete elements throughout their life cycle. Unlike conventional studies, this work addresses the challenge of reducing the carbon footprint associated with CDW-based building materials, emphasizing environmental impact mitigation. The study highlights that approximately 30% of CDW is landfilled, 50% is recycled, and 20% is used as fill material, underscoring the potential for increasing recycling rates through improved processing techniques and management practices. In the reviewed studies, most research has been conducted in Europe, Asia, the USA, and China. The primary and secondary data sources for the life cycle inventory (LCI) vary depending on the study region and locality. By exploring innovative practices and critical stages in CDW fine fractions utilization for concrete components, the study aims to contribute to greener construction practices and sustainable resource management. The distinctive aspect of this research lies in its comprehensive review of CDW-based aggregates, binders, and alternative cementitious materials, highlighting the significance of sustainable energy resources and transportation strategies in enhancing the sustainability of CDW-derived concrete. Key findings highlight the necessity of sustainable energy for pretreatment and optimized transportation strategies, including route planning and vehicle selection, to produce greener CDW fine fraction-based building materials. Additionally, the study suggests key steps and parameters required for defining the system boundary and preparing the inventory for conducting an LCA of building materials based on CDW fine fractions. Through a detailed analysis of environmental burdens at each production stage, this study seeks to promote the adoption of greener concrete solutions worldwide. The use of CDW in concrete production promotes environmental sustainability and greener concrete regardless of the region.

Assessment of risk factors to Green, Lean, Six Sigma adoption in construction sector: Integrated ISM-MICMAC approach.

The construction industry consumes significant resources, emits considerable pollutants, and generates substantial waste. Green, Lean, Six Sigma (GLS) is an emerging paradigm to control waste, carbon footprint, resource conservation, non-value-added activities, and cost. However, limited focus has been given to the risks involved in GLS construction projects (GLSCPs). This research explored risk factors (RFs) to GLSCPs based on literature review and expert judgments. Brainstorming sessions were conducted to validate the RFs and establish mutual interactions among them through experts' opinions. A 4-level structural model was extracted through Interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The Matriced Impacts Croise's Multiplication Appliqée a UN Classement (MICMAC) was integrated to assess the 'driving' and 'dependence' power of the RFs. The results show that all RFs are crucial and impact GLSCPs, but the most critical are 'unstable inflation,' 'fluctuations in interest rate,' and 'fluctuations in exchange rate.' This study enhances managers' and policymakers' understanding of RFs associated with GLSCPs and supports effective risk management for successful GLS implementation in construction projects.

Construction of neural network model for exercise load monitoring based on yoga training data and rehabilitation therapy.

The Internet of Things is based on the traditional Internet and its purpose is to achieve information exchange between users and devices, as well as between devices. The rapid development of sensor technology, communication network technology, and computer technology has enriched the coverage of the Internet of Things, including a wide range of intelligent applications such as healthcare, smart cities, and smart homes. The development of high-performance computing and machine learning technologies has promoted the wide application of intelligent auxiliary systems in sports medicine. With the rapid development of yoga in the field of sports, athletes can play the various functions of yoga, improve their physical strength and quality, and improve their strength, flexibility, etc., cultivate positive, optimistic, and healthy emotions, and these are conducive to rehabilitation treatment after sports injuries. Therefore, it is feasible and feasible to introduce yoga training into the monitoring of the exercise load of athletes. In this paper, neural network technology was used to break the traditional training method based on experience. Based on yoga training data, through experimental exercise research, it could explore a new effective way to monitor exercise load and rehabilitation treatment, and build an exercise load monitoring model of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) neural network. By sorting out the data, statistics and analysis of the data, this article confirmed the effect of yoga training on reducing fatigue after exercise. The experimental results showed that the prediction value obtained by the ACO neural network model was 9.106, and the error was only -0.003 compared to the actual detection value of 9.109. This result showed that the ACO neural network model can perfectly fit the functional relationship between yoga training level and exercise load and has high prediction accuracy. This also marked that the development of high-performance computing systems has entered a new journey in the field of sports and health.

In-Situ Solid Electrolyte Interface via Dual Reaction Strategy for Highly Reversible Zinc Anode.

In-situ construction of solid electrolyte interfaces (SEI) is an effective strategy to enhance the reversibility of zinc (Zn) anodes. However, in-situ SEI to afford high reversibility under high current density conditions (≥ 20 mA cm-2) is highly desired yet extremely challenging. Herein, we propose a dual reaction strategy of spontaneous electrostatic reaction and electrochemical decomposition for the in-situ construction of SEI, which is composed of organic-rich upper layer and inorganic-rich inner layer. Particularly, in-situ SEI performs as "growth binder" at small current density and "orientation regulator" at high current density, which significantly suppresses side reactions and dendrite growth. The in-situ SEI affords the record-breaking reversibility of Zn anode under practical conditions, Zn//Zn symmetric cells can stably cycle for over 1300 h and 400 h at current densities of 50 mA cm-2 and 100 mA cm-2, respectively, showcasing an exceptional cumulative capacity of 67.5 Ah cm-2. Furthermore, the practicality of this in-situ SEI is verified in Zn//PANI pouch cells with high mass loading of 25.48 mg cm-2. This work provides a universal strategy to design advanced SEI for practical Zn-ion batteries.

Characteristics and factors influencing the expansion of urban construction land in China.

As a new product of rapid urbanization, the sprawl of urban construction land can objectively reflect urban land use efficiency, which is of great significance to China's new urban construction. This study aimed to summarize the expansion patterns and utilization efficiency of urban construction land in China from the perspectives of the status, speed and trends of expansion, and to uncover the key factors that lead to the differential distribution of the expansion of construction land. It can also provide land management experience for other countries with rapid expansion of construction land. The results show the following. (1) The expansion of China's construction land presents a "point-line-plane" pattern of evolution, forming changing stages of point-like aggregation, linear series and planar spread. (2) China's construction land shows the characteristics of disorderly spread, a low utilization rate and low output efficiency. The speed of expansion presents clear characteristics of being high in the east and low in the west, mostly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration. Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and Guangzhou have the highest intensity of construction land use. In Shandong Peninsula and eastern coastal areas, the intensity of the construction land use is generally high. In Xinjiang and Xizang, the intensity of construction land use is relatively low. (3) The urban economic level, population size, industrial structure, foreign investment and land policies have significant effects on the spatial distribution of the expansion of construction land.

Enhancing recombinant antibody yield in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

A range of recombinant monoclonal antibodies (rMAbs) have found application in treating diverse diseases, spanning various cancers and immune system disorders. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells have emerged as the predominant choice for producing these rMAbs due to their robustness, ease of transfection, and capacity for posttranslational modifications akin to those in human cells. Transient transfection and/or stable expression could be conducted to express rMAbs in CHO cells. To bolster the yield of rMAbs in CHO cells, a multitude of approaches have been developed, encompassing vector optimization, medium formulation, cultivation parameters, and cell engineering. This review succinctly outlines these methodologies when also addressing challenges encountered in the production process, such as issues with aggregation and fucosylation.

Construction and application of a home exercise rehabilitation management program for elderly stroke patients based on the Functional Independence Measure score.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop a home exercise rehabilitation management program for elderly stroke patients based on the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score and assess its effectiveness through practical application. METHODS: A prospective asynchronous controlled trial was conducted involving 290 elderly stroke patients, with 145 assigned to the control group and 145 to the intervention group. The control group received standard home rehabilitation instructions, while the intervention group followed a home exercise rehabilitation program guided by FIM scores. The program was developed through research group discussions, evidence-based literature review, and expert input. The efficacy of the program was evaluated by comparing self-care ability and exercise function between the two patient groups. RESULTS: After 4 and 8 weeks of intervention, the motor assessment scale (MAS), Barthel Index scores and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group, and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) was lower than this of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The home exercise rehabilitation management program for elderly stroke patients based on FIM scores was developed in a scientifically sound manner. This program holds significant theoretical implications for enhancing the home exercise regimen of elderly stroke patients and facilitating the rehabilitation of their limb functions.

Suicides among construction workers in the United States, 2021.

BACKGROUND: Construction workers have the second highest suicide death rate; despite this, there is limited literature examining suicides in the industry, which is necessary to identify those at higher risk of death by suicide. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of those who died by suicide in construction to address this knowledge gap. METHODS: Data from the National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistics System 2021 public use Mortality Multiple Cause-of-Death file were used to identify deaths by suicide, while denominator data for rates come from the 2021 Current Population Survey. RESULTS: In 2021, construction workers were disproportionately affected by suicide deaths. Almost a fifth (17.9%) of deaths by suicide with a reported industry code were in construction, despite construction workers accounting for only 7.4% of the workforce. Male construction workers accounted for a majority (97.8%) of suicide deaths. The highest percent of deaths by suicide were among individuals who were white, non-Hispanic, completed high school or equivalent, and single, across construction and all industries for males and females. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Male and female construction workers had the highest rates of suicide across all characteristics when compared to all industries. Our findings support the need for ongoing prevention efforts within the industry. Future research is needed to understand suicide risk among certain characteristics and occupations. In addition, the work environment or other work-related factors should be studied to understand how the unique nature of the construction industry may be associated with higher suicide rates.

Impacts of advanced metals recovery on municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash: aggregate characteristics and performance in portland limestone cement concrete.

The optimization of alternative materials in concrete production continues to garner considerable attention in order to meet sustainability goals and supplement natural materials. Portland limestone cement (PLC) and municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash (BA) have been proposed separately as green cement and coarse aggregate supplement in low-strength concrete production, creating sustainable products and alternative disposal scenario for a waste material. This study discusses the impact of advanced ash processing techniques on aggregates and presents the performance of concrete incorporating both of these products with PLC for the first time. Two sources of MSWI BA were investigated, one as-produced (TMR) and one processed with novel advanced metals recovery (AMR). The AMR process reduced total Al content in ash compared to TMR (20,500 vs 17,000 mg/kg), though not aluminum oxide content, as the AMR process targets metallic aluminum. A composition study on both aggregates supports a reduction in ferrous and non-ferrous metals following the AMR process. All control and test mixes met 28-day compressive strength requirements (17 Mpa). Both AMR and TMR MSWI BA-amended concretes yielded compressive strengths below control specimens (no ash) ranging from 17 to 23 MPa, with little to no difference observed dependent on MSWI BA processing. The life-cycle discussion supports benefits deriving from supplementing naturally mined materials and recovering ferrous and nonferrous metals with the AMR process.

Multi-Sensor-Assisted Low-Cost Indoor Non-Visual Semantic Map Construction and Localization for Modern Vehicles.

With the transformation and development of the automotive industry, low-cost and seamless indoor and outdoor positioning has become a research hotspot for modern vehicles equipped with in-vehicle infotainment systems, Internet of Vehicles, or other intelligent systems (such as Telematics Box, Autopilot, etc.). This paper analyzes modern vehicles in different configurations and proposes a low-cost, versatile indoor non-visual semantic mapping and localization solution based on low-cost sensors. Firstly, the sliding window-based semantic landmark detection method is designed to identify non-visual semantic landmarks (e.g., entrance/exit, ramp entrance/exit, road node). Then, we construct an indoor non-visual semantic map that includes the vehicle trajectory waypoints, non-visual semantic landmarks, and Wi-Fi fingerprints of RSS features. Furthermore, to estimate the position of modern vehicles in the constructed semantic maps, we proposed a graph-optimized localization method based on landmark matching that exploits the correlation between non-visual semantic landmarks. Finally, field experiments are conducted in two shopping mall scenes with different underground parking layouts to verify the proposed non-visual semantic mapping and localization method. The results show that the proposed method achieves a high accuracy of 98.1% in non-visual semantic landmark detection and a low localization error of 1.31 m.