Knowledge on Prevention of Stroke and Its Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

INTRODUCTION: Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of death. About 70% of strokes were occurring in low- and middle-income countries, and high blood pressure is the main risk factor of stroke due to its poor recognition of stroke prevention methods. Therefore, the study aimed to assess knowledge on stroke prevention and its associated factors among hypertensive patients at Debre-Tabor General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020. METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Debre-Tabor General Hospital from February 20 to March 20/2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used. Data were collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.2.0.0 and exported to SPSS version 25 for cleaning and analysis. A reliability test was done, and the Cronbach alpha coefficient value was 0.709. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done, and variables with a p-value of ≤0.05 in the multivariable analysis were considered as statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: From 423 study participants, 410 of them responded completely and a response rate is 96.92%. Among the total respondents, 24.9% (95% CI: 20.7, 29.3) of participants had good knowledge of stroke prevention methods. Young age (AOR: 2.082; 95% CI (1.071, 4.049)), urban residence (AOR: 3.230; 95% CI (1.665, 6.267)), and having long followed-up duration (AOR: 3.015; 95% CI (1.870, 4.861)) were factors associated with good knowledge on stroke prevention methods. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that participants had poor knowledge of stroke prevention. Young age, urban residence, and having long duration hypertension follow-up were predictors of good knowledge on stroke prevention. These findings have immense importance of different stakeholders that have responsibilities on the reduction of hypertension complications characteristically stroke. Further, it is chief for health-care providers for hypertension intervention activities.

Level of glycemic control and its associated factors among type II diabetic patients in debre tabor general hospital, northwest Ethiopia.

INTRODUCTION: Poor glycemic control is the major risk factor for the development of acute and chronic diabetes complications. There are limited studies on the level of glycemic control and its associated factors among diabetic patients. So, this study aimed to assess the level of glycemic control and its associated factors among type II DM patients in Debre Tabor General Hospital. METHODS: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from November 1-30, 2017. Totally, 413 diabetic patients selected by systematic random sampling. The three months average fasting blood glucose was used to determine glycemic control. Regressions were fitted to identify associated factors. A p-value <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. RESULT: A total of 398 study participants were participated in the study with a response rate of 96.4%. Among 398 type II DM patients, 284 (71.4%) had poor glycemic control. Patient's educational status (able to read and write; AOR = 3.0, 95%CI (1.5, 5.7), (primary education; AOR = 4.5, 95%CI (1.8, 10.9), and (secondary education; AOR = 5.7, 95% CI (2.9, 11.2)))), family history of DM (AOR = 2.3, 95%CI (1.4, 3.9)), duration of DM since diagnosis (AOR = 0.3, 95% CI (0.1, 0.9)), and dietary adherence (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.4, 4.1)) were associated factors to had good glycemic control. CONCLUSION: Poor glycemic control was high. Educational status, family history of DM, duration of DM, and dietary adherence were the associated factors of glycemic control. Appropriate attention shall be given for glycemic control especially for patients with a longer duration. Health promotion related to medical recommendations is a cross-cutting intervention for diabetic patients and should be provided for all type II diabetic patients.

Factors influencing diabetes self-care practice among type 2 diabetes patients attending diabetic care follow up at an Ethiopian General Hospital, 2018.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a global public health emergency in the twenty-first century. Diabetes patients who had to adhere to good self-care recommendation can prevent the complication associated with diabetes mellitus. Self-care management of diabetes mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa was poor including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess factors influencing diabetes self-care practice among type 2 diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia diabetes clinic follow up unit. METHODS: An institutional based cross-sectional survey was conducted on systematically sampled 405 type 2 diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital diabetes clinic from June 02/2018 to June 30/2018. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was fitted to identify independent predictors of diabetes self-care practice. A p value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. RESULTS: A total of 385 type 2 diabetes patients participated with a response rate of 95%, of which 243 (63.1%) study participants had good self-care practice. The mean ± SD age of the respondents and the duration of diagnosed for diabetes mellitus was 52.28 ± 12.45 and 5.09 ± 3.80 years respectively. Type 2 diabetes patients who had a glucometer at home (AOR = 7.82 CI (3.24, 18.87)), getting a diabetes education (AOR = 2.65 CI (1.44, 4.89)), and having social support (AOR = 2.72 CI (1.66, 4.47)) were statistically associated with good self-care practice. CONCLUSION: Despite, the importance of diabetes self-care practice for the management of diabetes and preventing its complications, a significant number of type 2 diabetes patients had poor diabetes self-care practice. So, to enhance this poor practice of diabetes self-care, provision of diabetes self-care education and counseling on self-monitoring blood glucose should be promote by health care providers during their follow up.

Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients under directly observed treatment short-course at Debre Tabor General Hospital, northwest Ethiopia: nine-years retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Data regarding tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes, proportion of TB/HIV co-infection and associated factors have been released at different TB treatment facilities in Ethiopia and elsewhere in the world as part of the auditing and surveillance service. However, these data are missing for the TB clinic offering directly observed treatment short-course (DOTs) at Debre Tabor General Hospital (DTGH). METHODS: The authors analysed the records of 985 TB patients registered at the DTGH from September 2008 to December 2016. Data on patients' sex, age, type of TB, and treatment outcomes were extracted from the TB treatment registration logbook. The treatment outcome of patients was categorized according to the National TB and Leprosy Control Program guidelines: cured, treatment completed, treatment failed, died, and not evaluated (transferred out and unknown cases). RESULTS: Around half of the registered patients were males (516, 52.4%). In terms of TB types, 381 (38.7%), 241 (24.5%), and 363 (36.9%) patients had smear-negative pulmonary TB, smear-positive pulmonary TB, and extra pulmonary TB, respectively. Six hundred and seventy-two patients (90.1%) had successful treatment outcomes (cured and treatment completed), while 74 patients (9.9%) had unsuccessful treatment outcomes (death and treatment failure).TB treatment outcome was not associated with age, sex, type and history of TB, or co-infection with HIV (P > 0.05). The proportion of TB/HIV co-infection was at 24.2%, and these were found to be significantly associated with the age groups of 25-34, 35-44 and ≥65 years:(aOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.25-0.8), (aOR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.20-0.70), (aOR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.30-12.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of patients with successful treatment outcomes was above the World Health Organization target set for Millennium Development Goal of 85% and in line with that of the global milestone target set at > 90% for 2025. Relatively higher proportions of transfer-out cases were recorded in the present study. Similarly, the proportion of TB/HIV co-infection cases was much higher than the national average of 8%.Thus, the health facility under study should develop strategies to record the final treatment outcome of transfer-out cases. In addition, strategies to reduce the burden of TB/HIV co-infection should be strengthened.