RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Nutritional complications have an impact in both short- and long-term morbidity of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We aimed to compare time to full enteral tube feeding depending on route -gastric (GT) or transpyloric (TPT)- in newborns with left CDH (L-CDH). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of L-CDH patients admitted to a referral tertiary care NICU between January 2007 and December 2014. Lethal chromosomal abnormalities and death before initiation of enteral nutrition were exclusion criteria. RESULTS: 37 patients were fed through GT, 46 by TPT. TPT children took 11.0 (6.8) days to reach full enteral tube feeding and spent 16.6 (8.1) days on parenteral nutrition vs 16.8 (14.7) days (p = 0.041) and 22.7 (13.5) days (p = 0.020) of GT patients. TPT children had 3.9 (2.4) days of fasting due to GI issues and 20% had episodes of decreased rates of enteral nutrition for extra-GI complications vs 11.4 (11.1) days (p = 0.028) and 49% (p = 0.006). According to the best fitting model (R2 0.383, p < 0.001), the TPT-group achieved full enteral feeding 8.4 days earlier than the GT-group (95% CI -14.76 to - 2.02 days), after adjustment by severity of illness during the first days, o/e LHR_liver and class of diaphragmatic defect. There were no differences in growth outcomes and length of stay between survivors of GT and TPT groups. CONCLUSION: TPT shortens time to full enteral nutrition, especially in the most severe L-CDH patients. We propose that placement of a TPT at the end of the surgical repair procedure should be considered, especially in higher-risk patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Treatment study, Level III. Retrospective comparative, case-control study.
Assuntos
Hérnias Diafragmáticas Congênitas , Criança , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Hérnias Diafragmáticas Congênitas/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Nutrição ParenteralRESUMO
La hernia diafragmática constituye una forma poco frecuente de afección diafragmática y se necesita un índice elevado de sospecha para su diagnóstico. Las lesiones del lado izquierdo parecen ser las más frecuentes según la literatura revisada. Se presenta una paciente de 32 años de edad que ingresa en el servicio de terapia intensiva luego de sufrir accidente en la línea férrea y recibir múltiples lesiones en diferentes órganos y sistemas, esta situación en particular se presentó clínicamente como disnea que se fue incrementando, sudoración, palidez, deterioro hemodinámico, además de las características clínicas de las demás situaciones que presentaba; se hizo el diagnóstico clínico y radiográfico de hernia diafragmática traumática del lado derecho y se realizó corrección quirúrgica inmediata, la paciente estuvo ingresada por espacio de 30 días con una evolución favorable de todas sus lesiones como consecuencia del trauma.
Diaphragmatic hernia constitutes a rare form of diaphragmatic affection and an elevated index of suspicion is needed for its diagnosis. The injuries of the left side seem to be most frequent according to reviewed literature. A patient of 32 years appears and enters in the Intensive Care Unit after suffering an accident in the railway and receiving multiple injuries in different organs and systems, this situation appeared clinically as dyspnea that it was increasing, perspiration, paleness, haemodynamic deterioration, in addition to the clinical characteristics of the other situations that presented. A clinical and X-ray diagnosis of traumatic right diaphragmatic hernia and immediate surgical correction was carried out. The patient was admitted for 30 days with a favorable evolution of all her injuries as a result of the traum.