[Amyand's hernia and complicated appendicitis; case presentation and surgical treatment choice]. / Hernia de Amyand y apendicitis complicada; presentación de un caso y elección de tratamiento quirúrgico.

BACKGROUND: A caecal appendix within an inguinal hernia, with or without appendicitis, is defined as Amyand's hernia. In 1% of inguinal hernias an appendix without inflammation can be found, however, the prevalence of appendicitis in a hernia sac is only 0.08-0.13%. CLINICAL CASE: Male of 43 years old, began two days before admission with pain in the right inguinal region. He was scheduled for surgery due to a complication of a right inguinal hernia. The surgical findings were Amyand's hernia, necrotic spermatic cord, and perforated appendix. Surgical repair was performed with a favourable outcome, and he was discharged on the fourth postoperative day. DISCUSSION: Most of Amyand's hernia exhibit characteristics of incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia. Even acute appendicitis or perforated appendix within the hernia sac does not reflect specific symptoms or signs, therefore, a preoperative clinical diagnosis of Amyand's hernia is difficult to achieve. In our case, the patient had perforated appendicitis, developing necrosis of the spermatic cord. Orchiectomy, appendectomy, and inguinal hernia repair was performed without placing mesh. Due to the controversy on the use of mesh in contaminated abdominal wall defects, it was not indicated here, due to the high risk of wound infection and appendicular fistula. CONCLUSION: An extremely rare condition is presented, with a surgical choice that led to a favourable outcome.

Hernia De Garengeot / De Garengeot hernia

Las hernias contenedoras del apéndice cecal constituyen una rareza en la práctica médica habitual. Descritas por De Garengeot y Amyand hace más de 250 años, sigue siendo sorprendente el hallazgo intraoperatorio de un saco herniario que contenga este órgano. Objetivo: describir un caso de hernia De Garengeot. Presentación de caso: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 84 años que acudió a consulta de urgencias por presentar hernia crural irreductible y cuadro clínico sugestivo de oclusión intestinal mecánica. Intervención: se realizó laparotomía exploratoria. Durante el acto quirúrgico se encontró un tumor de la unión rectosigmoidea como causa de la oclusión intestinal y el apéndice vermiforme como contenido de la hernia crural. Se realizó apendicetomía, herniorrafia crural y transversostomía descompresiva en asa. Por las características de los canales inguinal y crural, la presencia del apéndice cecal en el interior de estos es infrecuente, por lo que el diagnóstico de este tipo de hernia es generalmente transoperatorio. Conclusiones: la hernia De Garengeot debe ser más comentada y difundida en los textos convencionales de cirugía por ser una afección bien descrita y tipificada en la historia de la cirugía moderna y que, igual que otros tipos de hernias, como la de Littré y Maydl, es una entidad poco frecuente; su diagnóstico tardío tiene un elevado riesgo para el paciente.

The cecal appendix wrapper hernias are rare in medical practice. Described by De Garengeot and Amyand over 250 years ago, the intraoperative finding of a hernia sac containing this body is still surprising. Objective: to describe a case of De Garengeot hernia. Description: a case of an 84 year- old female patient, who came to the emergency room for consultation due to irreducible femoral hernia and a suggestive clinical condition of mechanical intestinal obstruction, is presented. Intervention: exploratory laparotomy was performed. During surgery a tumor in the rectosigmoid junction is found as a cause of intestinal obstruction and the vermiform appendix was found to be the content of this femoral hernia. Appendectomy and decompressive loop transversostomy are performed. Due to the characteristics of inguinal and femoral canals, the presence of the appendix within these canals is uncommon; that is why the diagnosis of this type of hernia is usually intraoperative. Conclusions: De Garengeot hernia should be more widely discussed in conventional surgery texts since it is a condition to be well described and typified in the history of modern surgery which, like other types of hernias, as Littre and Maydl, is a rare entity. Its late diagnosis is high risk to the patient.

Hernia De Garengeot / De Garengeot hernia

Las hernias contenedoras del apéndice cecal constituyen una rareza en la práctica médica habitual. Descritas por De Garengeot y Amyand hace más de 250 años, sigue siendo sorprendente el hallazgo intraoperatorio de un saco herniario que contenga este órgano.Objetivo: describir un caso de hernia De Garengeot. Presentación de caso: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 84 años que acudió a consulta de urgencias por presentar hernia crural irreductible y cuadro clínico sugestivo de oclusión intestinal mecánica. Intervención: se realizó laparotomía exploratoria. Durante el acto quirúrgico se encontró un tumor de la unión rectosigmoidea como causa de la oclusión intestinal y el apéndice vermiforme como contenido de la hernia crural. Se realizó apendicetomía, herniorrafia crural y transversostomía descompresiva en asa. Por las características de los canales inguinal y crural, la presencia del apéndice cecal en el interior de estos es infrecuente, por lo que el diagnóstico de este tipo de hernia es generalmente transoperatorio. Conclusiones: la hernia De Garengeot debe ser más comentada y difundida en los textos convencionales de cirugía por ser una afección bien descrita y tipificada en la historia de la cirugía moderna y que, igual que otros tipos de hernias, como la de Littré y Maydl, es una entidad poco frecuente; su diagnóstico tardío tiene un elevado riesgo para el paciente(AU)

The cecal appendix wrapper hernias are rare in medical practice. Described by De Garengeot and Amyand over 250 years ago, the intraoperative finding of a hernia sac containing this body is still surprising. Objective: to describe a case of De Garengeot hernia. Description: a case of an 84 year- old female patient, who came to the emergency room for consultation due to irreducible femoral hernia and a suggestive clinical condition of mechanical intestinal obstruction, is presented. Intervention: exploratory laparotomy was performed. During surgery a tumor in the rectosigmoid junction is found as a cause of intestinal obstruction and the vermiform appendix was found to be the content of this femoral hernia. Appendectomy and decompressive loop transversostomy are performed. Due to the characteristics of inguinal and femoral canals, the presence of the appendix within these canals is uncommon; that is why the diagnosis of this type of hernia is usually intraoperative. Conclusions: De Garengeot hernia should be more widely discussed in conventional surgery texts since it is a condition to be well described and typified in the history of modern surgery which, like other types of hernias, as Littre and Maydl, is a rare entity. Its late diagnosis is high risk to the patient(AU)