Genetic Study of Medicinal Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. used in Mekong River, Southern Vietnam.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> <i>Sauropus androgynus</i> (L.) Merr., also known as coriander, is a shrub that grows wild in tropical Asia but is also cultivated as a vegetable in some countries. Determining the agronomic characteristics of 8 varieties of Bodhi tree, thereby seeing the genetic relationship between them, proposing a breeding strategy and effectively exploiting this genetic resource. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Samples of grouper varieties were planted in eight provinces in Mekong Delta. Each seed sample was collected and measured the agronomic and morphological indicators were on 6 sample plants. Tree morphology observation and description based on improved plant research methods. <b>Results:</b> The genetic relationships of 8 samples/cultivars based on the ITS sequence showed that samples of Vinh Long and Thuan Hung, Soc Trang were in the same group, samples of Hau Giang and Dong Thap in the second group, the remaining Kien Giang, Ca Mau, Can Tho and Chau Thanh and Soc Trang belong to each group. <b>Conclusion:</b> Samples/cultivars collected from eight provinces in the Mekong Delta showed variation in agronomic characteristics, but only stem height and length changes were statistically significantly different.

A multi-restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping approach including the beta-tubulin gene as a new differential nuclear marker for the recognition of the cryptic species Anisakis simplex s.s. and Anisakis pegreffii and their hybridization events.

The detection of Anisakis simplex s.s./A. pegreffii putative hybrids has been a controversial issue in spite of the fact that natural hybridization is an extended process across free living and parasitic organisms. Differential traits of biomedical and ecological importance, such as invasive and allergenic potential have been demonstrated in both cryptic species. Therefore, in this work, we discuss about the potential for hybridization between these anisakid species in sympatric zones, implementing a multi-marker Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping approach based on the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase 2 (Cox-2) and a new nuclear marker, the highly conserved ß-tubulin gene (ß-TUB). The two cryptic species differed at least in 7 bp in the ß-TUB gene and some larvae with heterozygous genotypes at the 7 diagnostic nucleotide positions were found. Taxonomic, population and genealogical analyses served to support the occurrence of hybridization between both species. Predicted restriction endonucleases enzymes were assayed for Cox-2 and ß-TUB markers. The implemented multi-marker PCR-RFLP allowed us to detect the two pure parental species, F1 hybrids, hybrid backcrossed progeny and individuals with nuclear-mitochondrial discordance, being a useful, simple and reproducible procedure in any laboratory for epidemiological studies.