Probing the Spin-Momentum Locking on Rashba Surfaces via Spin Current.

In this study, we investigate the spin-momentum locking phenomenon on Rashba states of antimony (Sb) films. Utilizing spin pumping in conjunction with an external charge current, we uncover the topological properties of Sb surface states. Our key finding is the precise manipulation of the direction and magnitude of the charge current generated by the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect. This control is achieved through the dynamic interaction between out-of-equilibrium pumped spins and spin-momentum-locked flowing spins, which are perpendicular to the charge current. Our results highlight Sb as a promising material for both fundamental and applied spintronics research. The studied Sb nanostructures demonstrate potential for the development of low-power logic gates operating with currents in the microampere range, paving the way for advanced spintronic applications.

Forearm Fracture Fixation with Locking Plates: Does Size Matter?

Purpose: Forearm shaft fractures of the radius and/or ulna are typically repaired with plates and screws, with 3.5 mm nonlocking screws being generally recommended. However, smaller plates and screws, either nonlocking or locking, can also be applied. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review whether fracture healing rates and related complications are affected by plate size and type. Methods: Patient demographic and descriptive data were retrospectively collected for all patients with a forearm shaft fracture treated with repair of the radial shaft and/or ulna shaft between 2017 and 2021 at a multiprovider and multilocation single institution. Inclusion criteria involved use of a locking plate with a minimum radiographic follow-up of 60 days and/or until fracture union was confirmed. Results: A total of 110 patients met inclusion criteria. There were 45 (40.9%) females and 65 (59.1%) males included with the mean age at time of injury being 47 years (± 22). There were 34 (30.1%) isolated radius fractures, 50 (45.5%) isolated ulna fractures, and 26 (23.6%) both bone forearm fractures. Screw sizes consisted of 3.5 mm (small fragment) screws in 57 (52%) cases, whereas 2.7 mm/2.5 mm/2.4 mm (mini fragment) screws were used in 53 (48%) cases. Fracture union was confirmed in 108 (98%) cases. Among the two nonunion cases, one case (50%) involved a small fragment, and one case (50%) involved a mini fragment plate. Conclusions: This study confirms that fracture union is high following any size plate fixation of radius and/or ulna fractures. Moreover, smaller screw sizes did not affect fracture union rates. Choice of plate type and screw diameter should be based on patient characteristics and surgeon preference and need not be limited to only 3.5 mm plate and screws. Type of Study/Level of Evidence: Prognosis IIb.

The Effect of an Intraoperative Real-Time Counter on Radiation Exposure Events During Operative Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures.

PURPOSE: Occupational radiation exposure can have adverse health consequences for surgeons. The purpose of this study was to determine if utilization of an intraoperative, real-time radiograph counter results in decreased radiation exposure events (REEs) during open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of distal radius fractures (DRFs). METHODS: We reviewed all cases of isolated ORIF DRFs performed at a single center from January 2021 to February 2023. All cases performed on or after January 1, 2022 used an intraoperative radiograph counter, referred to as a "shot-clock" (SC) group. Cases prior to this date were performed without a SC and served as a control group (NoSC group). Baseline demographics, fracture, and surgical characteristics were recorded. Final intraoperative radiographs were reviewed to record reduction parameters (radial inclination, volar tilt, and ulnar variance). REEs, fluoroscopy exposure times, and total radiation doses milligray (mGy) were compared between groups. RESULTS: A total of 160 ORIF DRF cases were included in the NoSC group, and 135 were included in the SC group. The NoSC group had significantly more extra-articular fractures compared with the SC group. Reduction parameters after ORIF were similar between groups. The mean number of REEs decreased by 48% in the SC group. Cases performed with the SC group had significantly lower total radiation doses (0.8 vs 0.5 mGy) and radiation exposure times (41.9 vs 24.2 seconds). Mean operative times also decreased for the SC group (70 minutes) compared with that for the NoSC group (81 minutes). CONCLUSIONS: A real-time intraoperative radiograph counter was associated with decreased REEs, exposure times, and total radiation doses during ORIF DRFs. Cases performed with a SC had significantly shorter operative times without compromising reduction quality. Using an intraoperative SC counter during cases requiring fluoroscopy may aid in decreasing radiation exposure, which serves as an occupational hazard for hand and upper-extremity surgeons. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic II.

Metacarpal Neck Osteochondroma: An Atypical Cause of "Trigger Finger".

"Locking" of the digits is a relatively common patient complaint in hand surgery. Typically, this phenomenon arises from either triggering of tendons at the A1 pulley or subluxation of tendons around the metacarpal head. Although trigger digit and sagittal band injury comprise most diagnoses, clinicians must be aware of rarer entities that alter the underlying osseous anatomy and predispose the digits to "locking." Here, we present a case of metacarpal neck osteochondroma causing subluxation of the index metacarpophalangeal joint radial collateral ligament.

Polypropylene-Based Polymer Locking Ligation System Manufacturing by the Ultrasonic Micromolding Process.

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for biocompatible medical devices on the microscale. However, the manufacturing of certain microfeatures has posed a significant challenge. To address this limitation, a new process called ultrasonic injection molding or ultrasonic molding (USM) has emerged as a potential solution. In this study, we focused on the production of a specific microdevice known as Hem-O-Lok, which is designed for ligation and tissue repair during laparoscopic surgery. Utilizing USM technology, we successfully manufactured the microdevice using a nonabsorbable biopolymer that offers the necessary flexibility for easy handling and use. To ensure high-quality microdevices, we extensively investigated various processing parameters such as vibration amplitude, temperature, and injection velocity. Through careful experimentation, we determined that the microdevice achieved optimal quality when manufactured under conditions of maximum vibrational amplitude and temperatures of 50 and 60 °C. This conclusion was supported by measurements of critical microfeatures. Additionally, our materials characterization efforts revealed the presence of a carbonyl (C=O) group resulting from the thermo-oxidation of air in the plasticizing chamber. This finding contributes to the enhanced thermal stability of the microdevices within a temperature range of 429-437 °C.

Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis: A Retrospective Comparison Between Nails and Lateral Locking Plate Complications.

Background: Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is a well-established procedure to treat some hindfoot diseases. Currently, the most used implants are retrograde intramedullary nails and locking plates combined with lag screws, but there are few articles comparing differences regarding the complications. Methods: We have retrospectively analyzed the medical records and the radiographs of patients older than 18 years who underwent this procedure in our service between 2005 and 2019 through retrograde intramedullary nails or lateral locking plates and compression screws with at least 12 months of follow-up and with no history of osteomyelitis in these bones. Results: We evaluated a total of 67 patients; of these, 48 received retrograde intramedullary nail implants and 19 received locking plates and compression screws. The overall mean age was 48 years; the median follow-up time was 64.3 months. The complication rate was 60.4% for the intramedullary nail procedure and 52.6% for the locking plate combined with compression screws procedure. Conclusion: No significant differences were found in the complication rates between the 2 implants. Level of Evidence: Level V, Case series.

The relevance of the number of distal locking planes and nail to canal ratio in bone healing after intramedullary nailing in tibial shaft fractures.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the effect of the nail to canal ratio and the number and configuration of distal locking screws in bone healing in tibial shaft fractures. METHODS: We analyzed 223 consecutive tibial shaft fractures treated with reamed intramedullary nailing between January 2014 and December 2020. We recorded and evaluated the nail to canal ratio (NCR) and the number and configuration of distal locking screws. Median NCR was 0.87 (IQR 0.82-0.94). Ten (4.48%) fractures were treated with one distal locking screw, 173 (77.57%) with two, and 40 (17.93%) with three. Uniplanar fixation was used in 63 (28.25%), biplanar in 150 (67.26%), and triplanar in 10 (4.48%) cases. Uni-, bi-, and multivariate analyses were performed to compare patients who achieved bone union with those who did not. RESULTS: Bone union was achieved in 195 (87.44%) patients. Uni- and bivariate analyses showed that bone union increased significantly with larger NCR (p = 0.0001) and a greater number of locking planes (p = 0.001) and distal screws (p = 0.046). NCR > 0.78 (OR 48.77 CI 95% 15.39-154.56; p = < 0.0001) and distal locking screw configuration (OR 2.91 CI 95% 1.12-9.91; p = 0.046) were identified as independent variables for union. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that in tibial shaft fractures treated with intramedullary nailing, NCR should be equal to or greater than 0.79. Additionally, distal locking screws should be used with a biplanar or triplanar configuration.

[There is no difference in clinical outcomes in patients with distal Neer II and Neer V clavicle fractures treated with or without coracoclavicular augmentation systems]. / No existe diferencia en desenlaces clínicos en pacientes con fracturas de clavícula distal Neer II y Neer V tratados con o sin sistemas de aumentación coracoclavicular.

INTRODUCTION: the use of coracoclavicular augmentation systems together with locking plates in the treatment of unstable distal clavicle fractures (Neer II and Neer V) is controversial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: patients with unstable distal clavicle fractures treated between 2013-2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: patients treated with locking plates (P group) and patients treated with locking plates and coracoclavicular augmentation systems (PCC group). Postoperative complications, modified preoperative and final coracoclavicular distance (CC), and outcomes on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick DASH) were recorded. RESULTS: 16 of 23 patients were treated with plates only, and 7 of 23 were treated with plates and coracoclavicular augmentation systems. One case showed no fracture consolidation, and there was one case of cutaneous infection. The mean final CC distance was 23.7 in the P group and 22.1 in the PCC group. The mean VAS score was 1.3 in both the P and PCC groups, while the mean Quick DASH score was 5.5 in the P group and 8.1 in the PCC group. No significant differences were found in CC distance, VAS or Quick DASH scores. CONCLUSION: the use of locking plates is likely sufficient in the management of unstable distal clavicle fractures, as there were no significant differences in functional outcomes in this study when coracoclavicular augmentation systems were used together with locking plates.

INTRODUCCIÓN: el uso de sistemas de aumentación coracoclaviculares en combinación con placas bloqueadas en el tratamiento de las fracturas de clavícula distal inestables es controvertido. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: se han revisado retrospectivamente los pacientes con fracturas distales de clavícula inestables tratados entre 2013-2022 en Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. Se dividieron a los pacientes en dos grupos: pacientes tratados con placas bloqueadas (grupo P) y pacientes tratados con placas bloqueadas y sistemas de aumentación coracoclaviculares (grupo PCC). Se registraron las complicaciones postoperatorias, distancia CC (coracoclavicular) modificada preoperatoria y final, así como los resultados en la escala visual analógica (EVA) y en el Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Quick DASH). RESULTADOS: de un total de 23 pacientes, 16 se trataron sólo con placas y siete con placas y sistemas de aumentación coracoclaviculares. Se observó ausencia de consolidación en un caso e infección cutánea en otro. La distancia CC final media fue de 23.7 mm en el grupo P y de 22.1 mm en el grupo PCC. La media de la EVA fue de 1.3 en ambos grupos, mientras que el Quick DASH tuvo media de 5.5 en el grupo P y de 8.1 en el grupo PCC. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la distancia CC, en la EVA ni en el Quick DASH. CONCLUSIÓN: los resultados sugieren que el uso de placas bloqueadas es probablemente suficiente en el manejo de las fracturas de clavícula distales inestables, sin observar diferencias significativas en los resultados funcionales al agregar sistemas de aumentación coracoclavicular.

Surgical treatment for sternoclavicular joint dislocations.

Introduction: Sternoclavicular joint dislocations are infrequent among all joint injuries. Conservative management is often described and recommended as a means of closed reduction and immobilization of the affected limb. This study aims to review results of patients affected by this injury who were treated surgically using locking plates. Materials and methods: A descriptive case series study was carried out. Cases of patients affected with sternoclavicular joint dislocation treated with open reduction and fixation with locking plates between 2009 and 2019 were included. The Constant score was applied to each patient to assess functional outcome. Results: According to inclusion criteria, 15 patients were included, 12 males and 3 females. Post-operative assessment showed very positive results since the range of Constant scores was consistently over 90 in all cases. Discussion: Fixation of sternoclavicular joint dislocations using locking plates had a low complication rate and provided good functional results.Level of evidenceIV.

Fractura compleja del húmero asociada a parálisis radial / Complex Fracture of the Humerus Associated with Radial Paralysis

Las fracturas de la diáfisis humeral son lesiones que se producen con frecuencia como parte de caídas o de accidentes de alta energía y se asocian con parálisis del nervio radial. Se presenta paciente de 43 años de edad, masculino, que sufre accidente automovilístico que le produce fractura diafisaria del húmero derecho multifragmentaria, por lo cual se le realiza reducción cerrada y osteosíntesis con clavo intramedular acerrojado y tratamiento conservador para la parálisis radial. La evolución fue satisfactoria, el paciente se recuperó de la parálisis a los 4 meses y logró la consolidación completa a los 5 meses. Tras un año de evolución no presenta dolor en el hombro, y tiene movilidad completa del hombro, muñeca y dedos a la extensión(AU)

Diaphyseal fracture of humerus are frequent lesions, resulting from falls or high energy accidents; they are associated to radial nerve palsy. We report the case of a 43 years old male patient, who suffered a multifragment diaphyseal fracture of his right humerus, as a result of a car accident. He underwent a closed reduction and osteosynthesis using a locking intramedullary nail for the radial paralysis. His evolution was satisfactory; this patient recovered from the paralysis after four months and he managed full consolidation five months later. After a year, he did not have any pain in his shoulder, he has full mobility of his shoulder, wrist and fingers when extendind(AU)

In vitro analysis of prosthetic abutment and angulable frictional implant interface adaptation: Mechanical and microbiological study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the microbiological sealing at the implant and different angles frictional prosthetic abutment interface, submitted or not to mechanical cycling, as well as the deactivation force and evaluation of the implant-abutment interface by scanning electron microscopy. For this study, the sealing capacity of eighty sets of abutments/implants of each angle, with and without mechanical cycling, with internal conical connection (locking tapper) (4.3 mm × 9.0 mm) constituted in Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), and stainless steel angled prosthetic abutment was evaluated (18Cr14Ni2.5Mo) according to ASTM F138-13a (Arcsys, FGM, Joinville, Brazil), 6 mm high and 4.2 mm in diameter at the coronary portion, and 3.5 mm high transmucosal, in 4 different angles (0, 5, 10 and 20°). After in vitro tests, 100% biological sealing was observed at the implant / prosthetic abutment interface within cycled and non-cycled conditions, for the straight, 5, 10 and 20° inclination groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the removal force of the prosthetic abutments at different angles, under non-cycled conditions; however, under mechanical loading, the deactivation force was significantly higher for straight prosthetic abutments than with 10 and 20° of angulation. Surface analysis revealed good adaptation between implants and abutments, and the presence of wear areas, independently of mechanical loading. It is concluded that the analysis of implant and prosthetic abutment interface revealed good adaptation between the parts, for all analyzed samples.

Directional locking and the influence of obstacle density on skyrmion dynamics in triangular and honeycomb arrays.

We numerically examine the dynamics of a single skyrmion driven over triangular and honeycomb obstacle arrays at zero temperature. The skyrmion Hall angleθsk, defined as the angle between the applied external drive and the direction of the skyrmion motion, increases in quantized steps or continuously as a function of the applied drive. For the obstacle arrays studied in this work, the skyrmion exhibits two main directional locking angles ofθsk= -30° and -60°. We show that these directions are privileged due to the obstacle landscape symmetry, and coincide with channels along which the skyrmion may move with few or no obstacle collisions. Here we investigate how changes in the obstacle density can modify the skyrmion Hall angles and cause some dynamic phases to appear or grow while other phases vanish. This interesting behavior can be used to guide skyrmions along designated trajectories via regions with different obstacle densities. For fixed obstacle densities, we investigate the evolution of the lockedθsk= -30° and -60° phases as a function of the Magnus force, and discuss possibilities for switching between these phases using topological selection.

Degenerative Cervical Disorder-Stand-alone Cage Versus Cage and Cervical Plate: A Systematic Review.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes following discectomy and anterior cervical fusion for the treatment of cervical degenerative disorder performed with stand-alone cages and anterior cervical plates. METHODS: Electronic searches were performed in the MEDLINE, LILACS, and Cochrane Systematic Reviews databases, according to PRISMA guidelines, with no language or date restriction. The review was registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42018109180. RESULTS: Six randomized clinical trials were selected, which evaluated at least one of the objectives of this work, such as pain control, bone consolidation, neurological symptoms, and cervical lordosis, thus satisfying the inclusion criteria. Articles that did not directly compare the 2 surgical techniques were excluded. A total of 309 patients were included and the results showed no significant difference in clinical (visual analogue scale and neck disability index) or radiological (cervical lordosis and fusion) outcome between the 2 groups. The operative time was shorter in the group with stand-alone cages (mean difference = -18.40; 95% CI = [-24.89, -11.92]; P < .66). CONCLUSION: The stand-alone cages and anterior cervical plate techniques have similar clinical and radiological outcomes. Despite the significantly shorter operative time for one group, other randomized clinical trials are needed to establish conclusive evidence in favor of one of the comparative treatments.

Distal radius fractures - Treatment with volar locking plates - Functional results according to fracture type.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to determine if there are differences in functional results in patients presenting fractures of the distal radius treated with volar locking plates and, secondarily, to compare these results according to fracture type (AO). METHODS: 39 patients treated between January 2013 and December 2015 were evaluated. They were 19 women and 20 men, with an average of 60 years old and a range between 18 and 86 years old. The average follow up was of 46 months. We made radiographic postoperative measurements of the ulnar tilt angle of the radius, the volar tilt angle of the radius and styloid height. We evaluated residual pain with VAS (Analogue Visual Scale). The objective and subjective function were evaluated with the DASH inquiry (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand) and Mayo wrist score. RESULTS: The mean flexion was of 51º, the extension was 55º, pronation was 80º, and supination was 75º. The mean ulnar tilt angle was 19, 66°, the mean volar tilt angle was  2.07°, and the mean styloid height was 8.97 mm. The average DASH was 14.38  and the average Mayo was of 78.58. There was no significant statistical correlation between the fracture complexity and the analyzed variables. CONCLUSIONS: In this series, volar locking plates were a valid option for the resolution of unstable distal radius fractures in its different patterns and in a wide age range.

Introducción: el objetivo de este estudio es determinar si existen diferencias en los resultados funcionales en pacientes con fracturas del radio distal tratados con placas de bloqueo volar y, en segundo lugar, comparar estos resultados según el tipo de fractura (AO). Métodos: se evaluaron 39 pacientes tratados entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2015. Fueron 19 mujeres y 20 hombres, con un promedio de 60 años y un rango entre 18 y 86 años. El seguimiento promedio fue de 46 meses. Se realizaron mediciones radiográficas postoperatorias del ángulo de inclinación cubital del radio, el ángulo de inclinación volar del radio y la altura de la estiloides. Evaluamos el dolor residual con VAS (Escala visual analógica). La función objetiva y subjetiva se evaluó con el cuestionario DASH (Discapacidades del brazo, hombro y mano) y el score de Mayo. Resultados: La flexión media fue de 51º, la extensión fue de 55º, la pronación fue de 80º y la supinación fue de 75º. El ángulo medio de inclinación cubital fue de 19,66 °, el ángulo medio de inclinación volar fue de 2,07 ° y la altura media de la estiloides fue de 8,97 mm. El DASH promedio fue de 14.38 y el promedio de Mayo fue de 78.58. No hubo correlación estadística significativa entre la complejidad de la fractura y las variables analizadas. Conclusiones: las placas de bloqueo volar son una opción válida para la resolución de fracturas inestables de radio distal en sus diferentes patrones y en un amplio rango de edad

Design of a Multipurpose Photonic Chip Architecture for THz Dual-Comb Spectrometers.

In this work, we present a multipurpose photonic integrated circuit capable of generating multiheterodyne complex Dual-Combs (DC) THz signals. Our work focuses on translating the functionality of an electro-optic tunable DC system into a photonic chip employing standard building blocks to ensure the scalability and cost efficiency of the integrated device. The architecture we analyze for integration is based on three stages: a seed comb, a mode selection stage and a DC stage. This final DC stage includes a frequency shifter, a key element to improve the final detection of the THz signals and obtain real-time operation. This investigation covers three key aspects: (1) a solution for comb line selection on GHz spaced combs using OIL or OPLL on photonic chips is studied and evaluated, (2) a simple and versatile scheme to produce a frequency shift using the double sideband suppressed carrier modulation technique and an asymmetric Mach Zehnder Interferometer to filter one of the sidebands is proposed, and (3) a multipurpose architecture that can offer a versatile effective device, moving from application-specific PICs to general-purpose PICs. Using the building blocks (BBs) available from an InP-based foundry, we obtained simulations that offer a high-quality Dual-Comb frequency shifted signal with a side mode suppression ratio around 21 dB, and 41 dB after photodetection with an intermediate frequency of 1 MHz. We tested our system to generate a Dual-Comb with 10 kHz of frequency spacing and an OOK modulation with 5 Gbps which can be down-converted to the THz range by a square law detector. It is also important to note that the presented architecture is multipurpose and can also be applied to THz communications. This design is a step to enable a commercial THz photonic chip for multiple applications such as THz spectroscopy, THz multispectral imaging and THz telecommunications and offers the possibility of being fabricated in a multi-project wafer.

Osteossíntese com placa óssea bloqueada associada ao enxerto β -TCP em fratura bilateral distal de rádio e ulna em cão: relato de caso / Osteosynthesis with locking bone plate associated with β -TCP bone graft in bilateral distal fractures of radius and ulna in a dog: case report / Osteosíntesis con placa ósea bloqueada asociada al injerto β -TCP en fractura bilateral distal de radio y ulna en perro: relato de caso

As fraturas do terço distal de rádio e ulna apresentam uma alta incidência na rotina ortopédica veterinária, principalmente em cães de pequeno porte. Frequentemente são encontradas dificuldades na reparação dessas, como a não união ou união retardada, tornando-se ainda mais desafiadoras quando acometidas bilateralmente. Neste relato, foi atendido um cão de pequeno porte com fratura bilateral completa transversa distal de rádio e ulna sendo reparada por redução aberta e fixação com placa bloqueada na face cranial do rádio associada ao enxerto β-TCP. Essa técnica proporcionou estabilidade satisfatória, rápido retorno à função dos membros e tempo favorável de consolidação óssea, concluindo-se ser efetiva na reparação dessas fraturas.(AU)

The distal third of radius and ulna fractures are highly frequent in the veterinary orthopedics routine, mainly in small breed dogs. There are often difficulties in repair which may result in non union or delayed union. Healing becomes even more challenging in case of bilateral distal radius and ulna fractures. This case reports a complete transverse bilateral distal radius and ulna fracture in a small breed dog. The treatment consists of open reduction and cranial locking bone plate fixation on the radius associated with β-TCP bone graft. This technique promoted satisfactory stabilization, rapid function return and favorable time of bone consolidation, implying that this procedure ís effective in healing the analyzed fracture types.(AU)

Las fracturas dei tercio distal de radio y ulna presentan una alta incidencia en la rutina ortopédica veterinária, principalmente en perros de porte pequeno. Frecuentemente son encontradas dificultades en sus reparaciones, como la no unión o unión retardada, haciéndose aún más desafiadora cuando acometidas bilateralmente. En este relato, fue atendido un perro de pequeno porte con fractura bilateral completa transversa distal de radio y ulna siendo corregida por reducción abierta y fijación con placa bloqueada en la faz craneal del radio asociada ai injerto β-TCP. Esta técnica proporcionó estabilidad satisfactoria, rápido retorno a Ia función de los miembros y tiempo favorable de consolidación ósea, concluyéndose ser efectiva en la reparación de estas fracturas.(AU)

Osteossíntese com placa óssea bloqueada associada ao enxerto β -TCP em fratura bilateral distal de rádio e ulna em cão: relato de caso / Osteosynthesis with locking bone plate associated with β -TCP bone graft in bilateral distal fractures of radius and ulna in a dog: case report / Osteosíntesis con placa ósea bloqueada asociada al injerto β -TCP en fractura bilateral distal de radio y ulna en perro: relato de caso

As fraturas do terço distal de rádio e ulna apresentam uma alta incidência na rotina ortopédica veterinária, principalmente em cães de pequeno porte. Frequentemente são encontradas dificuldades na reparação dessas, como a não união ou união retardada, tornando-se ainda mais desafiadoras quando acometidas bilateralmente. Neste relato, foi atendido um cão de pequeno porte com fratura bilateral completa transversa distal de rádio e ulna sendo reparada por redução aberta e fixação com placa bloqueada na face cranial do rádio associada ao enxerto β-TCP. Essa técnica proporcionou estabilidade satisfatória, rápido retorno à função dos membros e tempo favorável de consolidação óssea, concluindo-se ser efetiva na reparação dessas fraturas.

The distal third of radius and ulna fractures are highly frequent in the veterinary orthopedics routine, mainly in small breed dogs. There are often difficulties in repair which may result in non union or delayed union. Healing becomes even more challenging in case of bilateral distal radius and ulna fractures. This case reports a complete transverse bilateral distal radius and ulna fracture in a small breed dog. The treatment consists of open reduction and cranial locking bone plate fixation on the radius associated with β-TCP bone graft. This technique promoted satisfactory stabilization, rapid function return and favorable time of bone consolidation, implying that this procedure ís effective in healing the analyzed fracture types.

Las fracturas dei tercio distal de radio y ulna presentan una alta incidencia en la rutina ortopédica veterinária, principalmente en perros de porte pequeno. Frecuentemente son encontradas dificultades en sus reparaciones, como la no unión o unión retardada, haciéndose aún más desafiadora cuando acometidas bilateralmente. En este relato, fue atendido un perro de pequeno porte con fractura bilateral completa transversa distal de radio y ulna siendo corregida por reducción abierta y fijación con placa bloqueada en la faz craneal del radio asociada ai injerto β-TCP. Esta técnica proporcionó estabilidad satisfactoria, rápido retorno a Ia función de los miembros y tiempo favorable de consolidación ósea, concluyéndose ser efectiva en la reparación de estas fracturas.

Artrodese cervical para o tratamento de mielopatia vertebral cervical estenótica (MVCE) em dois potros campolina com uso de placa bloqueada (LCP) sucesso e insucesso: relato de caso / Cervical arthrodesis for the treatment of cervical stenotic myelopathy in two campolina foals using a locking plate (LCP) success and failure: case report / Artrodesis cervical para el tratamiento de la mielopatía vertebral cervical estenotica en dos potros Campolina con uso de placa bloqueada (LCP) - êxito e fracaso: relato de caso

A mielopatia vertebral cervical estenótica (MVCE) é uma enfermidade que acomete geralmente equinos jovens e adultos, resultando em sinais clínicos de ataxia espinhal proprioceptiva geralmente simétrica e tetraparesia de neurônio motor superior. Dois estudos prévios relataram a aplicabilidade de placas bloqueadas (LCP) em um potro com MVCE e em um experimento ex vivo. Contudo nenhum relato foi publicado sobre o uso de LCP em potros acima de um ano de idade. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o tratamento cirúrgico da mielopatia vertebral cervical estenótica com o uso de placa bloqueada em dois potros da raça Campolina. Após a cirurgia um indivíduo apresentou melhora gradativa da ataxia até atingir a normalidade após o período de um ano. O outro indivíduo, embora tivesse apresentado melhora após o tratamento, aos 30 dias houve um agravamento dos sinais clínicos e o animal foi submetido à eutanásia. Nesse caso, houve falha da placa implantada em C4-C5.

Vertebral cervical stenotic myelopathy (VCSM) is a disease that affects young and adult horses, resulting in clinic signs of proprioceptive spinal ataxia, usually symmetric, and upper motor neuron tetraparesis. Two previous studies have shown the applicability of locked plates (LCP) in a foal with VCSM and an ex vivo experiment. However, no report was published of LCP use in foals above one year old. The aim of this study is to report the surgical treatment of VCSM using LCP to treat two large Campolina foals. After surgery, one individual gradually shown improvement of the ataxia, reaching normality one year later. The other one, although it showed improvement, after 30 days suffered worsening of the clinical features, leading to its euthanasia. In this case a failure occurred in the C4-C5 plate.

La mielopatía vertebral cervical estenótica (MVCE) es una enfermedad que afecta generalmente a los equinos jóvenes y adultos, resultando en signos clínicos de ataxia espinal proprioceptiva generalmente simétrica y tetraparesia de neurona motor superior. Dos estudios previos relataron la aplicabilidad de placas bloqueadas (LCP) en un potro con MVCE y en un experimento ex vivo. Sin embargo, no se ha publicado ningún relato sobre el uso de LCP in potros por encima de un ano de edad. El objetivo de este trabajo es relatar el tratamiento quirúrgico de la mielopatía vertebral cervical estenótica con el uso de placa bloqueada en dos potros de la raza Campolina. Después de la cirugía un individuo presentó una mejora gradual de la ataxia hasta alcanzar la normalidad después del período de un ano. El otro individuo, aunque presentó una mejora después del tratamiento, a los 30 días hubo un agravamiento de los signos clínicos y el animal fue sometido a eutanasia. En este caso, se produjo un fallo en la placa implantada en C4-C5.

Artrodese cervical para o tratamento de mielopatia vertebral cervical estenótica (MVCE) em dois potros campolina com uso de placa bloqueada (LCP) sucesso e insucesso: relato de caso / Cervical arthrodesis for the treatment of cervical stenotic myelopathy in two campolina foals using a locking plate (LCP) success and failure: case report / Artrodesis cervical para el tratamiento de la mielopatía vertebral cervical estenotica en dos potros Campolina con uso de placa bloqueada (LCP) - êxito e fracaso: relato de caso

A mielopatia vertebral cervical estenótica (MVCE) é uma enfermidade que acomete geralmente equinos jovens e adultos, resultando em sinais clínicos de ataxia espinhal proprioceptiva geralmente simétrica e tetraparesia de neurônio motor superior. Dois estudos prévios relataram a aplicabilidade de placas bloqueadas (LCP) em um potro com MVCE e em um experimento ex vivo. Contudo nenhum relato foi publicado sobre o uso de LCP em potros acima de um ano de idade. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o tratamento cirúrgico da mielopatia vertebral cervical estenótica com o uso de placa bloqueada em dois potros da raça Campolina. Após a cirurgia um indivíduo apresentou melhora gradativa da ataxia até atingir a normalidade após o período de um ano. O outro indivíduo, embora tivesse apresentado melhora após o tratamento, aos 30 dias houve um agravamento dos sinais clínicos e o animal foi submetido à eutanásia. Nesse caso, houve falha da placa implantada em C4-C5.(AU)

Vertebral cervical stenotic myelopathy (VCSM) is a disease that affects young and adult horses, resulting in clinic signs of proprioceptive spinal ataxia, usually symmetric, and upper motor neuron tetraparesis. Two previous studies have shown the applicability of locked plates (LCP) in a foal with VCSM and an ex vivo experiment. However, no report was published of LCP use in foals above one year old. The aim of this study is to report the surgical treatment of VCSM using LCP to treat two large Campolina foals. After surgery, one individual gradually shown improvement of the ataxia, reaching normality one year later. The other one, although it showed improvement, after 30 days suffered worsening of the clinical features, leading to its euthanasia. In this case a failure occurred in the C4-C5 plate.(AU)

La mielopatía vertebral cervical estenótica (MVCE) es una enfermedad que afecta generalmente a los equinos jóvenes y adultos, resultando en signos clínicos de ataxia espinal proprioceptiva generalmente simétrica y tetraparesia de neurona motor superior. Dos estudios previos relataron la aplicabilidad de placas bloqueadas (LCP) en un potro con MVCE y en un experimento ex vivo. Sin embargo, no se ha publicado ningún relato sobre el uso de LCP in potros por encima de un ano de edad. El objetivo de este trabajo es relatar el tratamiento quirúrgico de la mielopatía vertebral cervical estenótica con el uso de placa bloqueada en dos potros de la raza Campolina. Después de la cirugía un individuo presentó una mejora gradual de la ataxia hasta alcanzar la normalidad después del período de un ano. El otro individuo, aunque presentó una mejora después del tratamiento, a los 30 días hubo un agravamiento de los signos clínicos y el animal fue sometido a eutanasia. En este caso, se produjo un fallo en la placa implantada en C4-C5.(AU)