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1.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 83(5): 816-820, dic. 2023. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534889

RESUMO

Resumen Presentamos el caso de una mujer joven sana, que consultó por parálisis facial periférica izquierda asociada a fiebre, tos seca, disnea y astenia de dos semanas de evolución. Al examen físico se evidenció hipoestesia en dermatomas D6 a D12 izquierdos y galactorrea bi lateral. En el laboratorio presentaba serologías virales negativas, eritrosedimentación, títulos de anticuerpos antinucleares, prolactina y hormona tiroestimulante elevados, con anticuerpos antiperoxidasa positivos. La tomografía computarizada mostró múltiples adenopatías cervicales, mediastinales e hiliares bilaterales, sin com promiso del parénquima pulmonar. El cultivo de líquido cefalorraquídeo fue negativo para gérmenes comunes, micobacterias (Xpert MTB/RIF), y la citología no mostró atipia. Se realizó una resonancia magnética con con traste endovenoso de cerebro sin hallazgos patológicos y de columna con alteración de la señal centromedular de D6 a D9 de casi la totalidad del espesor del cordón, con refuerzo con contraste endovenoso. Durante la in ternación recuperó la sensibilidad en tronco izquierdo y no repitió episodios febriles o tusígenos. Se realizó mediastinoscopía con biopsia ganglionar con anatomía patológica con presencia de numerosos granulomas no caseificantes compatibles con sarcoidosis. Se clasificó como neurosarcoidosis probable e inició tratamiento con corticoides con mejoría de los síntomas neurológi cos restantes, realizándose una resonancia magnética a los tres meses, donde la alteración de la señal se limitaba desde D7 a D8. Nuestro objetivo es destacar la presentación neurológica en múltiples sitios que obligó a descartar otras entidades más frecuentes, así como la evolución favorable incluso previo al inicio de un esquema de tratamiento de primera línea.


Abstract We present the case of a healthy young woman who consulted for left peripheral facial palsy associated with fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and asthenia of two weeks' evolution. Physical examination revealed hypoesthesia in left T6 to T12 dermatomes and bilateral galactorrhea. In the laboratory, she presented negative viral serology, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, antinuclear an tibody titers, prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone, with positive antiperoxidase antibodies. Computed to mography showed multiple bilateral cervical, mediastinal, and hilar adenopathies, without involvement of lung parenchyma. Cerebrospinal fluid culture was negative for common germs, mycobacteria, and Xpert MTB/RIF, and cytology did not show atypia. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance was performed on the brain without pathological findings and on the spine with alteration of the centromedullary signal from T6 to T9 of almost the entire thickness of the cord, with posterior enhancement with gadolinium. During hospitalization, she recovered sensitivity in the left trunk and did not repeat febrile or cough episodes. She was referred to another center for mediastinoscopy with lymph node biopsy revealing the presence of numerous non-caseating granulomas compatible with sarcoidosis. It was classified as probable neurosarcoidosis and started treatment with corticoste roids with improvement of the remaining neurological symptoms. A magnetic resonance was performed three months later where the signal alteration was limited from T7 to T8. Our objective is to highlight the florid neu rological presentation that made it necessary to rule out other more frequent entities and the favorable evolution even before starting a first-line scheme of treatment.

2.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 57(4): [100810], Oct-Dic, 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228354

RESUMO

Se presenta el caso de un varón de 68años con un cuadro progresivo de hipoestesia braquial y crural con ataxia de la marcha, sugiriendo una mielopatía subaguda de cordones posteriores, demostrada en RM. Tras analítica sanguínea se diagnostica de déficit de cobre tras intoxicación por zinc, secundario al uso de un pegamento para dentaduras postizas que contenía zinc. Se inició tratamiento con cobre, retirándose el pegamento dental. Se inició tratamiento rehabilitador con fisioterapia, hidroterapia y terapia ocupacional. Se consiguió una mejoría funcional, pasando de una lesión medular ASIAD nivel C4 a otra ASIAD nivel C7. Deberían estudiarse los niveles de cobre en todas aquellas mielopatías no compresivas, de aparición subaguda, si existe una clara afectación de los cordones posteriores. El déficit de cobre en análisis establecería el diagnóstico. El tratamiento rehabilitador, el aporte de cobre suplementario y la retirada del zinc es fundamental para la prevención de daño neurológico irreversible.(AU)


We present the case of a 68-year-old man with progressive brachial and crural hypoaesthesia with gait ataxia suggesting subacute myelopathy of the posterior cords, demonstrated by MRI. After blood tests, a diagnosis of copper deficiency was made following zinc intoxication, secondary to the use of denture glue containing zinc. Treatment was started with copper and the dental glue was removed. Rehabilitation treatment was started with physiotherapy, hydrotherapy and occupational therapy. Functional improvement was achieved, going from an ASIAD level C4 to an ASIAD level C7 spinal cord injury. Copper levels should be studied in all non-compressive myelopathies of subacute onset if there is clear involvement of the posterior cords. Copper deficiency in analysis would establish the diagnosis. Rehabilitative treatment, supplementary copper supplementation and zinc withdrawal are essential to prevent irreversible neurological damage.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Resultado do Tratamento , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Cobre , Zinco , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Pacientes Internados , Exame Físico , Reabilitação , Doenças da Medula Espinal/complicações
3.
Rehabilitacion (Madr) ; 57(4): 100810, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37399638

RESUMO

We present the case of a 68-year-old man with progressive brachial and crural hypoaesthesia with gait ataxia suggesting subacute myelopathy of the posterior cords, demonstrated by MRI. After blood tests, a diagnosis of copper deficiency was made following zinc intoxication, secondary to the use of denture glue containing zinc. Treatment was started with copper and the dental glue was removed. Rehabilitation treatment was started with physiotherapy, hydrotherapy and occupational therapy. Functional improvement was achieved, going from an ASIAD level C4 to an ASIAD level C7 spinal cord injury. Copper levels should be studied in all non-compressive myelopathies of subacute onset if there is clear involvement of the posterior cords. Copper deficiency in analysis would establish the diagnosis. Rehabilitative treatment, supplementary copper supplementation and zinc withdrawal are essential to prevent irreversible neurological damage.


Assuntos
Doenças da Medula Espinal , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Cobre , Zinco , Doenças da Medula Espinal/complicações , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações
4.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 83(2): 264-272, jun. 2023. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448629

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: La fístula dural arteriovenosa espinal (FDAVE) es una enfermedad vascular frecuentemente subdiagnosticada. El tratamiento puede ser microqui rúrgico o endovascular. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de una serie de pa cientes con FDAVE tratados por microcirugía entre los años 2010 y 2021. Fueron evaluados parámetros como edad, sexo, cuadro clínico pre y postoperatorio medido con las escalas de Aminoff-Logue y Rankin modificada (mRs). Los estudios diagnósticos se utilizaron para de terminar nivel lesional y resultados quirúrgicos. Resultados: Se incluyeron doce pacientes (10 hombres y 2 mujeres) con un promedio de edad de 60 años. El tiempo de evolución del cuadro clínico al diagnóstico fue menor a 12 meses salvo un caso de 32 meses. Las FDAVE fueron localizadas, 8 a nivel dorsal, 3 a nivel lumbar y una a nivel sacro. La arteria de Adamkiewicz se identificó en 5 casos en L1, 2 en D12, 2 en D10, 2 en D9 y un caso en D7. De los 12 pacientes operados, 3 fueron embolizados previamente; dos permanecieron estables en su evolución y 10 mejoraron uno o más puntos del mRs. No hubo complicaciones en el postoperatorio. Todos mostraron mejoría del edema medular en reso nancia magnética y la angiografía digital, luego de los 6 meses, fue negativa. El seguimiento promedio fue de 40 meses con un rango de 6 a 122 meses y ningún paciente presentó recidiva de la FDAVE. Conclusión: El tratamiento quirúrgico de las FDAVE es un método muy eficaz, de baja morbilidad y menor tasa de recurrencia comparado con el tratamiento en dovascular.


Abstract Introduction: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDA VF) is a rare vascular disease, of unknown etiology, fre quently underdiagnosed. Treatment can be microsurgical or endovascular. Methods: Retrospective and monocentric analysis of 12 SDAVF patients treated by microsurgery between 2010 and 2021. Parameters including age, sex, pre and postoperative clinical condition were analyzed according to modified Aminoff-Logue and Rankin scales. Diagnos tic studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) and spinal digital subtraction angiography (DSA), were evaluated for lesion level, as were surgical results. Results: Twelve patients (10 men and 2 women), average age: 60 years, were operated. The interval from symptom onset to diagnosis was <12 months in all cases except one (32 months). SDAVF locations were thoracic in 8 cases, between T6 and T12, 3 at lumbar spine (L1- L2) and at S1 in one case, with no difference regarding side. The Adamkiewicz artery was identified in 5 cases at L1, 2 at D12, 2 at D10, 2 at D9 and 1 at D7 (7 left-sided and 5 right-sided). Three of the 12 patients operated had undergone prior embolization. Postoperative neu rological outcomes showed: 2 patients remained stable and 10 improved one or more points on the mRs; no postoperative complications were observed. Follow-up MRI images improved in all cases and spinal DSA was negative at 6 months. Average follow-up was 40 months (range 6 to 122) and no patient presented recurrence. Conclusion: Microsurgical treatment of SDAVF proved to be efficient, with low morbidity and lower recurrence rates compared to endovascular results.

5.
Coluna/Columna ; 22(4): e278455, 2023. tab, graf, il. color
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520803

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the impact of surgery on gait characteristics of individuals with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) after one month of the procedure. Methods: Observational, cohort type study, with a quantitative analysis approach. Two assessments were performed, the first one week before surgery and the second 30 days after the decompression procedure. The following space-time variables were analyzed: steps per minute, step length, cycle time, speed, steps per minute, support time, swing time, step time. The kinematic variables obtained were analyzed by Gait Profile Score (GPS) and Movement Analysis Profile (MAP). Results: comparing pre and postoperative values, there was a decrease in the number of steps per minute (p=0.006), an increase in support time (p=0.011) and an increase in cycle time (p=0.004). Other variables did not present statistically significant differences. The patients' total GPS average in the pre-surgery assessment was 10.41 and 1 month after the procedure, an average of 10.56 was obtained, which does not characterize a statistical difference between the assessments. When establishing a comparison between the two assessments specifically on each joint movement of the lower limbs using the MAP, it was observed that the obliquity and rotation of the pelvis showed some improvement immediately after the surgical procedure. Knee flexion and extension were significantly (p=0.018) more compromised after the procedure when compared to the value of the same population before surgery. Conclusion: the preliminary analysis of the gait of these patients after one month of intervention did not show immediate benefits of the procedure. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment outcomes.


RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da cirurgia na marcha de indivíduos portadores de Mielopatia Cervical Espondilótica (MCE) após um mês do procedimento. Métodos: Estudo observacional, longitudinal, com abordagem de análise quantitativa. Foram realizadas duas avaliações, a primeira uma semana antes da cirurgia e a segunda 30 dias após o procedimento. Foram analisadas as variáveis de espaço-tempo: avanços por minuto, comprimento do passo, tempo de ciclo, velocidade, passos por minuto, tempo de apoio, tempo de balanço, tempo do passo. As variáveis cinemáticas obtidas foram analisadas pelo Gait Profile Score (GPS) e Movement Analysis Profile (MAP). Resultados: comparando os valores pré e pós-operatórios, houve diminuição do número de passos por minuto (p=0,006), aumento no tempo de apoio (p=0,011) e aumento no tempo de ciclo (p=0,004), outras variáveis não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. A média do GPS total dos pacientes na avaliação pré-cirurgia foi de 10,41 e após 1 mês do procedimento obteve-se a pontuação média de 10,56 o que não caracteriza diferença estatística entre as avaliações. Ao estabelecer uma comparação entre as duas avaliações em cada movimento articular dos membros inferiores utilizando o MAP, observa-se que a obliquidade e a rotação da pelve apresentaram alguma melhoria imediatamente após o procedimento cirúrgico. Já a flexão e extensão do joelho mostrou-se significativamente (p=0,018) mais comprometida após o procedimento quando comparada com o valor da mesma população pré cirurgia. Conclusão: a análise preliminar da marcha dos pacientes com MCE após um mês de intervenção não evidenciou benefícios imediatos do procedimento. Nível de Evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.


RESUMEN: Objetivo: Analizar el impacto del tratamiento quirúrgico en las características de la marcha de personas con Mielopatía Cervical Espondilótica (MCE) después de un mes del procedimiento. Métodos: Estudio observacional, longitudinal, con enfoque de análisis cuantitativo. Se realizaron dos evaluaciones, la primera una semana antes de la cirugía y la segunda 30 días después del procedimiento de descompresión. Se analizaron las siguientes variables espacio-temporales: pasos por minuto, longitud de paso, tiempo de ciclo, velocidad, pasos por minuto, tiempo de apoyo, tiempo de balanceo, tiempo de paso. Las variables cinemáticas obtenidas fueron analizadas mediante Gait Profile Score (GPS) y Movement Analysis Profile (MAP). Resultados: Al comparar los valores pre y postoperatorios, hubo una disminución en el número de pasos por minuto (p=0,006), un aumento en el tiempo de soporte (p=0,011) y un aumento en el tiempo de ciclo (p=0,004), otras variables no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La media del GPS total de los pacientes en la evaluación prequirúrgica fue de 10,41 y 1 mes después del procedimiento se obtuvo una puntuación promedio de 10,56, lo que no caracteriza diferencia estadística entre las evaluaciones. Al establecer una comparación entre las dos evaluaciones específicamente sobre cada movimiento articular de los miembros inferiores mediante el MAP, se observó que la oblicuidad y rotación de la pelvis mostraron cierta mejoría inmediatamente después del procedimiento quirúrgico. La flexión y extensión de la rodilla estuvieron significativamente (p=0,018) más comprometidas después del procedimiento en comparación con el valor de la misma población antes de la cirugía. Conclusión: Los pacientes con MCE presentan deterioro de la marcha en comparación con la población típica, el análisis preliminar de la marcha de estos pacientes después de un mes de intervención no mostró beneficios inmediatos del procedimiento. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados del tratamiento.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ortopedia
6.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535643

RESUMO

Introducción: Los trastornos funcionales son un reto clínico en la atención de pacientes con déficits neurológicos. Pueden generar manifestaciones clínicas típicas y gran discapacidad. Para su diagnóstico se requiere de una alta sospecha inicial asociado a una batería de examen físico completa. Hallazgos clínicos: Presentamos el caso de una paciente indígena embarazada de 19 años, con pérdida de la fuerza en sus extremidades inferiores, un nivel sensitivo y pérdida del control de los esfínteres. Luego de una evolución estacionaria con estudios imagenológicos e infectocontagiosos dentro de la normalidad. Se sospechó el diagnóstico de un trastorno neurológico funcional por lo que se realizó la prueba del Spinal Injuries Center (SIC) el cual fue positivo. Tratamiento y evolución: Realizamos una intervención multidisciplinar, incluyendo el servicio de rehabilitación, neurología, psiquiatría y psicología. Se utilizaron intervenciones con movimientos articulares, fortalecimiento muscular, estimulación eléctrica y psicoterapia. Posteriormente se obtuvo la recuperación completa de la paciente antes del alta hospitalaria, con la exigencia de seguimiento ambulatorio, además de una inserción satisfactoria en las actividades sociales y familiares. Conclusiones: Este caso refleja la importancia de un análisis neurológico detallado, el conocimiento de diferentes herramientas de semiología y el reto diagnóstico de los trastornos funcionales en neurológicos. La intervención de un equipo multidisciplinar favorece abordajes multidimensionales y resultados clínicos favorables.


Introduction: Functional disorders pose a clinical challenge in the care of patients with neurological deficits. They can generate typical clinical manifestations and great disability. Diagnosis requires a high initial suspicion together with comprehensive physical examination. Clinical Findings: We present the case of a 19-year-old pregnant indigenous patient, with loss of strength in her lower extremities, with a sensitive level and loss of sphincter control. After a stationary evolution with imaging and infectious studies within normal limits, a diagnosis of a functional neurological disorder was suspected; thus, the Spinal Injuries Center (SIC) test was performed, showing positive results. Treatment and evolution: A multidisciplinary intervention was carried out, including the neurology, psychiatry and psychology rehabilitation. Interventions amied towards joint movements, muscle strengthening, electrical stimulation and psychotherapy were used. Eventually, the patient's complete recovery was achieved before hospital discharge, in addition to a satisfactory integration into social and family activities, with a outpatient follow-up requirement. Conclusions: This case reflects the importance of a detailed neurological analysis, knowledge of different semiology tools and the diagnostic challenge of functional neurological disorders. The intervention of a multidisciplinary team favors multidimensional approaches and favorable clinical results.

7.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 33(6): 284-292, nov.-dic. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-212985

RESUMO

Introducción La mielopatía cervical degenerativa representa una entidad patológica producida por la estenosis del canal medular cervical, resultando en una compresión crónica de la médula espinal, variable y progresiva. El abordaje quirúrgico de la columna cervical puede realizarse por vía anterior y/o vía posterior. Respecto al abordaje posterior, existen 2 técnicas fundamentales: laminoplastia y laminectomía con fijación posterior (LFP). En la literatura actual existe controversia acerca de cuál de las 2 técnicas permite obtener mejores resultados postoperatorios. El objetivo es el estudio de las diferencias entre laminoplastia y LFP desde el punto de vista clínico y radiológico. Materiales y métodosSe realiza un estudio de una cohorte histórica de 39 pacientes (12 LFP y 27 laminoplastia) intervenidos en un período de 10 años en el Hospital Universitario La Paz con un seguimiento de 12 meses tras la cirugía. Se analizan y comparan los resultados clínicos mediante la escala de Nurick y la Escala Japanese Orthopaedic Association modificada (mJOA) y los resultados radiológicos mediante el ángulo de Cobb, eje sagital vertical, T1 Slope y el alineamiento (medido mediante Cobb-T1 Sloppe). Resultados Se observan diferencias significativas en la mejoría postoperatoria de la escala Nurick (p=0,008) y mJOA (p=0,018) en el grupo de laminoplastia. En LFP se objetiva una tendencia a una mejoría mayor, pero no se alcanza la significación estadística debido al bajo tamaño muestral de este grupo. No se objetivan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a la variables radiológicas. Respecto al total de complicaciones, se observó un número mayor en el grupo de laminoplastia (7 casos) frente a LFP (un caso), pero no se vieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas... (AU)


Introduction Cervical degenerative myelopathy is a variable and progressive degenerative disease caused by chronic compression of the spinal cord. Surgical approaches for the cervical spine can be performed anteriorly and/or posteriorly. Regarding the posterior approach, there are 2 fundamental techniques: laminoplasty and laminectomy with posterior fixation (LPF). There is still controversy concerning the technique in terms of outcome and complications. The aim of the present work is to analyze from the clinical and radiological point of view these 2 techniques: laminoplasty and LPF. Materials and methods A historical cohort of 39 patients was reviewed (12 LFP and 27 laminoplasty) including patients operated in a 10 years period at the Hospital Universitario La Paz with a follow-up of 12 months after surgery was carried out. The clinical results were analyzed and compared using the Nurick scale and the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scale (mJOA) and the radiological results using the Cobb angle, Sagittal Vertical Axis, T1 Slope and alignment (measured by Cobb-T1 Sloppe). Results Significant differences were observed in the postoperative improvement of the Nurick scale (P=.008) and mJOA (P=.018) in the laminoplasty group. In LFP there is a tendency to a greater improvement, but statistical significance is not reached due to the low sample size of this group. No statistically significant differences were observed in the radiological variables. Regarding the total number of complications, a higher number was observed in the laminoplasty group (7 cases) versus LFP (one case), but no statistically significant differences were observed. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doenças da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Laminectomia/métodos , Laminoplastia/métodos , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos de Coortes
8.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 33(6): 366-370, nov.-dic. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-212997

RESUMO

Dorsal arachnoidal webs are condensations of arachnoidal tissue densely adherent to the pial surface of the posterior aspect of the dorsal spinal cord. Infrequently described in literature they disrupt the flow of CSF in the spinal subarachnoid space leading to syringomyelia and myelopathy. While there are several theories on their origin, the “scalpel sign” on magnetic resonance imaging is considered to be pathognomonic of this condition. An illustrative case of a 58 year old man with syringomyelia and dorsal cord indentation who presented with spastic paraparesis, gait instability, parasthesias and bilateral non radicular upper limb pain that resolved following excision of the web is described to highlight the importance of considering this diagnosis when cases of so called “idiopathic” syringomyelia are encountered (AU)


Las membranas aracnoideas dorsales son condensaciones de tejido aracnoideo densamente adherido a la superficie pial de la cara posterior de la médula espinal dorsal. Descritas con poca frecuencia en la literatura, interrumpen el flujo del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) en el espacio subaracnoideo espinal y provocan siringomielia y mielopatía. Si bien existen varias teorías sobre su origen, el «signo del bisturí» en la resonancia magnética se considera patognomónico de esta afección. Se describe un caso ilustrativo de un varón de 58 años con siringomielia e indentación medular dorsal que presentó paraparesia espástica, inestabilidad de la marcha, parestesias y dolor bilateral no radicular en miembro superior que se resolvió tras la exéresis de la telaraña para resaltar la importancia de considerar este diagnóstico cuando se encuentran casos de la llamada siringomielia «idiopática» (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Siringomielia/diagnóstico por imagem , Siringomielia/etiologia , Parestesia/etiologia , Telangiectasia/complicações , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Telangiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Telangiectasia/cirurgia
9.
Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed) ; 33(6): 366-370, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36333094

RESUMO

Dorsal arachnoidal webs are condensations of arachnoidal tissue densely adherent to the pial surface of the posterior aspect of the dorsal spinal cord. Infrequently described in literature they disrupt the flow of CSF in the spinal subarachnoid space leading to syringomyelia and myelopathy. While there are several theories on their origin, the "scalpel sign" on magnetic resonance imaging is considered to be pathognomonic of this condition. An illustrative case of a 58 year old man with syringomyelia and dorsal cord indentation who presented with spastic paraparesis, gait instability, parasthesias and bilateral non radicular upper limb pain that resolved following excision of the web is described to highlight the importance of considering this diagnosis when cases of so called "idiopathic" syringomyelia are encountered.


Assuntos
Siringomielia , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Siringomielia/complicações , Siringomielia/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Internet , Parestesia/etiologia
10.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 33(5): 209-218, sept.-oct. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-208211

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of significant intraoperative electrophysiological signal changes during surgical positioning, and to assess the effectiveness of head and neck repositioning on the restoration of signals, among patients undergoing surgery for cervical myelopathy.Material and methods: We used multimodal intraoperative monitoring (somatosensory [SEP] and motor evoked potentials [MEP] and spontaneous electromyography) before and after patients’ positioning in a consecutive cohort of 103 patients operated for symptomatic cervical myelopathy. Significant changes were defined as>50% attenuation in amplitude or>10% increase in latency of SEP, or abolishment or 50–80% attenuation of MEP.Results: Out of 103 patients (34.9% female, median age 54.5 years) 88 underwent laminectomy (85.4%) and 15 (14.6%) anterior approach. At the time of positioning, signal alterations occurred in 44 patients (42.7%), yet only 11 patients (10.7%) showed alarming changes. Immediate neck repositioning of these resulted in complete (n=6) or partial (n=4) restoration of potentials, yielding no postoperative deficits. The patient in which signals could not be restored after repositioning resulted in added postoperative deficit. The accuracy (true positives plus true negatives) of monitoring to detect new neurological deficits was 99.0% (102/103) for the entire cohort, and 100% (11/11) for those showing significant changes at the moment of positioning. Overall, only 1 patient, with non-significant SEP attenuation, experienced a new postoperative deficit, yielding a 0.97% rate of false negatives.Conclusion: Among patients undergoing surgery for cervical myelopathy, 10.7% showed alarming electrophysiological signal changes at the time of positioning. Immediate repositioning of the neck resulted in near always restoration of potentials and avoidance of added neurological damage. Complete or partial restoration of potentials after(AU)


Objetivo: Evaluar la incidencia de alteraciones neurofisiológicas intraoperatorias graves en el momento del posicionamiento del paciente, y la efectividad de la recolocación del cuello para revertir dichos cambios en los pacientes que se intervienen de mielopatía cervical.Material y métodos: Se empleó una monitorización intraoperatoria multimodal (potenciales evocados sensoriales [PES], motores [PEM] y electromiografía) antes y después de colocar al paciente en posición, en una cohorte de 103 pacientes consecutivos operados de mielopatía cervical. Se consideraron cambios significativos (de alarma): una disminución >50% de la amplitud o un aumento >10% de la latencia de los PES, o la abolición o disminución >50-80% en amplitud de los PEM.Resultados: De los 103 pacientes (el 34,9% mujeres, mediana de edad: 54,5 años), a 88 se les realizó laminectomía (85,4%) y a 15 (14,6%) un abordaje anterior. En el momento del posicionamiento, ocurrieron alteraciones de señal en 44 pacientes (42,7%), aunque solo en 11 (10,7%) estas fueron significativas. La recolocación inmediata del cuello consiguió revertir la alteración de señal completa (n=6) o parcialmente (n=4), sin producirse déficits postoperatorios. El paciente en el cual la recolocación no consiguió restaurar los potenciales despertó con déficit neurológico añadido. La precisión (verdaderos positivos+verdaderos negativos) de la monitorización intraoperatoria para detectar déficits postoperatorios fue del 99% (102/103) para la cohorte completa y del 100% (11/11) para el subgrupo con alteraciones significativas. Globalmente, solo un paciente, que mostró cambios no significativos, despertó con nuevo déficit neurológico (0,97% de falsos negativos).Conclusión: El 10,7% de los pacientes intervenidos de mielopatía cervical mostraron cambios neurofisiológicos de alarma en el momento del posicionamiento quirúrgico. La inmediata recolocación del cuello revirtió dichos cambios (completa o parcialmente)(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Posicionamento do Paciente , Monitorização Neurofisiológica , Estudos Retrospectivos
11.
Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed) ; 33(5): 209-218, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36084957

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of significant intraoperative electrophysiological signal changes during surgical positioning, and to assess the effectiveness of head and neck repositioning on the restoration of signals, among patients undergoing surgery for cervical myelopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used multimodal intraoperative monitoring (somatosensory [SEP] and motor evoked potentials [MEP] and spontaneous electromyography) before and after patients' positioning in a consecutive cohort of 103 patients operated for symptomatic cervical myelopathy. Significant changes were defined as>50% attenuation in amplitude or>10% increase in latency of SEP, or abolishment or 50-80% attenuation of MEP. RESULTS: Out of 103 patients (34.9% female, median age 54.5 years) 88 underwent laminectomy (85.4%) and 15 (14.6%) anterior approach. At the time of positioning, signal alterations occurred in 44 patients (42.7%), yet only 11 patients (10.7%) showed alarming changes. Immediate neck repositioning of these resulted in complete (n=6) or partial (n=4) restoration of potentials, yielding no postoperative deficits. The patient in which signals could not be restored after repositioning resulted in added postoperative deficit. The accuracy (true positives plus true negatives) of monitoring to detect new neurological deficits was 99.0% (102/103) for the entire cohort, and 100% (11/11) for those showing significant changes at the moment of positioning. Overall, only 1 patient, with non-significant SEP attenuation, experienced a new postoperative deficit, yielding a 0.97% rate of false negatives. CONCLUSION: Among patients undergoing surgery for cervical myelopathy, 10.7% showed alarming electrophysiological signal changes at the time of positioning. Immediate repositioning of the neck resulted in near always restoration of potentials and avoidance of added neurological damage. Complete or partial restoration of potentials after repositioning yielded no postoperative deficits.


Assuntos
Potenciais Somatossensoriais Evocados , Laminectomia , Doenças da Medula Espinal , Potencial Evocado Motor/fisiologia , Potenciais Somatossensoriais Evocados/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Laminectomia/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Medula Espinal/cirurgia
12.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 26(3): e5394, mayo.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407883

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: el white cord syndrome, conocido como una lesión por reperfusión de la médula espinal, es una rara complicación de la cirugía espinal para descompresión. Se define como un deterioro neurológico inmediato y súbito, luego de la cirugía de descompresión cervical. Objetivo: describir los elementos clínico-imagenológicos y estrategias de tratamiento del white cord syndrome. Métodos: se realizó la revisión de la literatura en bases de datos Pubmed y EMBASE, además en los servidores de preprints BioRxiv, MedRxiv y preprint.org, así como la plataforma ResearchGate. Se seleccionaron todos los artículos en inglés y español, con texto completo disponible. Se usaron los siguientes descriptores white cord syndrome AND cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Se excluyeron artículos editoriales, libros, revisiones, meta-análisis y aquellos sin carácter open-access. Luego de excluir artículos que no cumplían nuestros criterios, fueron seleccionadas 17 publicaciones para su revisión. Resultados: Se analizaron 17 artículos, con una muestra total de 24 pacientes reportados. Todos los pacientes mostraron afectación mielopática con defecto motor variable e hiperreflexia osteotendinosa. En diez artículos, la técnica quirúrgica empleada fue la descompresión posterior, con o sin fusión. Fue muy variable el empleo de dosis de esteroides, terapia física y las re-intervenciones quirúrgicas. Solo dos casos no mostraron recuperación neurológica al término del período de observación. Conclusiones: el reconocimiento de esta rara complicación es vital, ya que constituye una causa de defecto neurológico posterior a la cirugía. El diagnóstico se realiza luego de la exclusión de complicaciones trans-operatorias, y al observar hiperintensidad del cordón medular ponderado en T2 en las imágenes de resonancia magnética. El manejo radica en adecuada descompresión, uso de esteroides y rehabilitación.


ABSTRACT Introduction: white cord syndrome, known as spinal cord reperfusion injury, is a rare complication of spinal decompressive surgery. It is defined as an immediate and sudden neurological deterioration after cervical decompression surgery. Objective: to describe the clinical-imaging elements and treatment strategies of white cord syndrome. Methods: a literature review was performed in Pubmed and EMBASE databases, as well as in the preprint servers BioRxiv, MedRxiv and preprint.org, and the ResearchGate platform. All articles in English and Spanish, with full text available, were chosen. The following descriptors were used: White cord syndrome AND cervical spondyloticmyelopathy. The editorial articles, books, reviews, meta-analyses and those without open-access characteristics were excluded. After excluding articles that did not meet the criteria established, 17 publications were chosen to be reviewed. Results: seventeen articles were analyzed, with a total sample of 24 patients reported. All patients showed myelopathic involvement with variable motor defect and osteotendinous hyperreflexia. In ten articles, the surgical technique used was posterior decompression, with or without fusion. The use of steroid doses, physical therapy and surgical re-interventions was highly variable. Only two cases did not show neurological recovery at the end of the observation period. Conclusions: recognition of this rare complication is vital, since it constitutes a cause of neurological defect after surgery. The diagnosis is made after exclusion of trans-operative complications, and after observing T2-weighted spinal cord hyper-intensity in magnetic resonance images. Management is based on adequate decompression, application of steroid treatment and rehabilitation.

13.
Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) ; 14(1): 75-83, Junio 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1372908

RESUMO

RESUMEN La mielopatía asociada con infección por HTLV-1 o paraparesia espástica tropical es una enfermedad crónica degenerativa del sistema nervioso central que afecta principalmente la médula espinal, una enfermedad rara en nuestro medio. El caso se trata sobre una mujer de 65 años, que acude con un cuadro de 2 años de evolución con disminución de la fuerza muscular de miembros inferiores progresiva hasta impedir la marcha, se acompaña de incontinencia urinaria y fecal, y hormigueo en miembros inferiores. Examen físico neurológico: disminución de fuerza muscular en miembros inferiores (2/5), reflejos osteotendinosos exaltados en miembros inferiores, Babisnky bilateral, hipostesia en cara lateral de piernas y dorso y planta de los pies, clonus patelar, y sin nivel sensitivo. En estudios paraclínicos: líquido cefalorraquídeo con cito químico (proteínas ligeramente aumentada) y citológico normal, ausencia de bandas oligoclonales, serología HIV negativo, perfil autoinmune negativo. Electromiografía normal, tomografía de cráneo, tórax y abdomen normal. Resonancia magnética cerebral y medular normal al principio, los cuales fueron repetidos al cabo de 8 meses y se observan lesiones inflamatorias en cerebro y médula espinal. PCR (reacción en cadena de la polimerasa) en sangre para HLTV-1 positiva. La paciente fue tratada con pulsos de metilprednisolona, seguido de prednisona oral y azatioprina por 3 meses sin respuesta favorable y con efectos secundarios a los corticoides por lo que se suspende. Se inició inmunoglobulina IV 400mg kg/p/mensual por 3 meses, sin respuesta. Se inicia rituximab 500mg cada 15 días hace 1 mes y evaluar la respuesta en los controles sucesivos. Conclusión: La mielopatía asociada a virus linfotrópico humano de células T tipo 1(HTLV-1) o paraparesia espástica tropical (MAH/PET), debe ser considerado en el diagnóstico diferencial en un paciente con mielopatia en el Paraguay.


ABSTRACT Myelopathy associated with HTLV-1 infection or tropical spastic paraparesis is a chronic degenerative disease of the central nervous system that mainly affects the spinal cord, a rare disease in our setting. The case is about a 65-year-old woman, who presented with a 2-year history of progressive decrease in muscle strength of the lower limbs until it prevented her from walking, accompanied by urinary and fecal incontinence, and tingling in the lower limbs. Neurological physical examination: decreased muscle strength in the lower limbs (2/5), increased osteotendinous reflexes in the lower limbs, bilateral Babinky, hypoesthesia in the lateral aspect of the legs and the back and soles of the feet, patellar clonus, and no sensory level. In paraclinical studies: normal cytochemical and cytological cerebrospinal. Fluid (slightly increased protein), absence of oligoclonal bands, negative HIV serology, negative autoimmune profile. Normal electromyography, tomography of the skull, thorax and normal abdomen. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord was normal at the beginning, which were repeated after 8 months, and inflammatory lesions in the brain and spinal cord were observed. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) in blood for HLTV-1 positive. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone pulses, followed by oral prednisone and azathioprine for 3 months without a favorable response and with corticosteroid side effects, so she was discontinued. IV immunoglobulin 400mg kg/p/monthly for 3 months was started, with no response. Rituximab 500mg every 15 days was started 1 month ago and the response was evaluated in successive controls. Conclusion: myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) or tropical spastic paraparesis (MAH/PET), should be considered in the differential diagnosis in a patient with myelopathy in Paraguay.

14.
Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed) ; 33(6): 284-292, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34799283

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Cervical degenerative myelopathy is a variable and progressive degenerative disease caused by chronic compression of the spinal cord. Surgical approaches for the cervical spine can be performed anteriorly and/or posteriorly. Regarding the posterior approach, there are 2 fundamental techniques: laminoplasty and laminectomy with posterior fixation (LPF). There is still controversy concerning the technique in terms of outcome and complications. The aim of the present work is to analyze from the clinical and radiological point of view these 2 techniques: laminoplasty and LPF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A historical cohort of 39 patients was reviewed (12 LFP and 27 laminoplasty) including patients operated in a 10 years period at the Hospital Universitario La Paz with a follow-up of 12 months after surgery was carried out. The clinical results were analyzed and compared using the Nurick scale and the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scale (mJOA) and the radiological results using the Cobb angle, Sagittal Vertical Axis, T1 Slope and alignment (measured by Cobb-T1 Sloppe). RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in the postoperative improvement of the Nurick scale (p = 0.008) and mJOA (p = 0.018) in the laminoplasty group. In LFP there is a tendency to a greater improvement, but statistical significance is not reached due to the low sample size of this group. No statistically significant differences were observed in the radiological variables. Regarding the total number of complications, a higher number was observed in the laminoplasty group (7 cases) versus LFP (one case), but no statistically significant differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Laminoplasty and LFP are both safe and effective procedures in the treatment of cervical degenerative myelopathy. The findings of our study demonstrate statistically significant clinical improvement based on the Nurick and mJOA scales with laminoplasty. No significant differences in terms of complications or radiological variables were observed between the 2 techniques.


Assuntos
Laminoplastia , Doenças da Medula Espinal , Humanos , Laminoplastia/efeitos adversos , Laminoplastia/métodos , Laminectomia/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/cirurgia
15.
Coluna/Columna ; 20(4): 240-244, Oct.-Dec. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356183

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate and compare the clinical evolution of surgical approaches used in patients with severe cervical myelopathy. Methods: Retrospective observational study in which 19 patients with myelopathy who underwent surgery were evaluated. Neurological assessments using the Frankel scale were conducted both preoperatively and one year following surgery, and the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), Nurick, and Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS) questionnaires were applied 1 year after the surgical procedure. Results: 89% of the participants were male and the average age was 63.9 years. No patient had postoperative neurological worsening, 12 patients (63.16%) had mild pain, and seven (36.84%) had moderate pain. The group with degenerative disease showed neurological improvement after surgery and the exclusively anterior approach was used in 84% of the cases, the exclusively posterior approach in 10% of the cases, and the dual approach in 6% of the cases. Conclusion: Surgical treatment has good results for inhibiting the unfavorable natural evolution of myelopathy within 1 year following surgery and promotes neurological improvement in degenerative cases, making it possible to use the anterior access route in most cases. Level of evidence III; Retrospective Study.


RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a evolução clínica em comparação com as vias de acesso cirúrgico em pacientes com mielopatia cervical grave. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo no qual foram avaliados 19 pacientes com mielopatia submetidos à cirurgia. Foram aplicados o questionário da Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) modificado, a Escala de Nurick e a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) da dor um ano depois do procedimento cirúrgico e realizada avaliação neurológica pré-operatória e após um ano da cirurgia com a Escala de Frankel. Resultados: Os participantes eram 89% do sexo masculino e a média de idade foi de 63,9 anos. Nenhum paciente apresentou piora neurológica pós-operatória, 12 pacientes (63,16%) apresentaram dor leve e sete (36,84%) dor moderada. O grupo com doença degenerativa apresentou melhora neurológica depois da cirurgia e a via de acesso anterior exclusiva foi utilizada em 84% dos casos, 10% tiveram acesso exclusivamente por via posterior e 6% tiveram acesso com dupla via. Conclusões: O tratamento cirúrgico apresenta bons resultados para inibir a evolução natural desfavorável da mielopatia no período de um ano depois da cirurgia e promove melhora neurológica nos casos degenerativos, sendo possível a utilização da via de acesso anterior na maior parte dos casos. Nível de evidencia III; Estudo Retrospectivo.


RESUMEN Objetivos: Evaluar la evolución clínica en comparación con las vías de acceso quirúrgico en pacientes con mielopatía cervical severa. Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo en el que se evaluaron 19 pacientes con mielopatía intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Se aplicó el cuestionario modificado de la Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), la escala de Nurick y la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) del dolor 1 año después de la intervención quirúrgica y se realizó la evaluación neurológica preoperatoria y un año después de la cirugía utilizando la Escala de Frankel. Resultados: El 89% de los participantes eran hombres y la edad promedio era de 63,9 años. Ningún paciente presentó empeoramiento neurológico postoperatorio, 12 pacientes (63,16%) presentaron dolor leve y siete (36,84%) dolor moderado. El grupo con enfermedad degenerativa presentó mejoría neurológica tras la cirugía y en el 84% de los casos se utilizó la vía de acceso anterior exclusiva, el 10% la vía posterior exclusiva y el 6% la vía doble. Conclusión: El tratamiento quirúrgico presenta buenos resultados al inhibir la evolución natural desfavorable de la mielopatía en el período de un año después de la cirugía y promueve la mejoría neurológica en los casos degenerativos, posibilitando el uso de la vía de acceso anterior en la mayoría de los casos. Nivel de evidencia III; Estudio Retrospectivo.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal
16.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1353104

RESUMO

A esquistossomose é uma endemia parasitária típica das Américas, Ásia e África. A Mielorradiculopatia Esquistossomótica surge como uma evolução severa da infecção por esquistossomose e, apesar de muito comum, sua prevalência em áreas endêmicas vem sendo subestimada. Objetivo: relatar caso de Mielorradiculopatia Esquistossomótica ocorrido em paciente pediátrico. Metodologia: estudo descritivo do tipo Relato de Caso retrospectivo, submetido e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário CESMAC, CAAE: 28835220.0.0000.0039, N.º do Parecer: 3.898.292. Relato de caso: paciente do sexo masculino, previamente hígido, 11 anos, iniciou quadro com história álgica aguda em membros inferiores que piorava no período da noite acompanhada de relato de febre. Quadro clínico evoluiu com lombalgia, disúria, oligúria, posterior anúria e formação de globo vesical. Evoluiu, também, com paresia de membros inferiores. A investigação realizou-se com Exame Parasitológico de Fezes positivo para esquistossomose, além de Ressonância Magnética de coluna lombo-sacra que corroboraram com a hipótese diagnóstica. Instituiu-se tratamento com Albendazol, Praziquantel e pulsoterapia com Metilprednisolona durante internação. Paciente teve alta hospitalar com melhora de quadro neurológico, em uso de prednisona 40 mg/dia. Conclusão: a MRE constitui a forma mais grave dentre as manifestações ectópicas da esquistossomose. A dificuldade do reconhecimento do quadro clínico e a limitação no acesso aos métodos complementares diagnósticos contribuem para o subdiagnóstico da enfermidade, acarretando sequelas graves para os portadores da doença e ocultando sua importância epidemiológica principalmente em pacientes pediátricos e jovens. (AU)


Schistosomiasis is a parasitic endemic typical of the Americas, Asia and Africa. Schistosomal Myeloradiculopathy is a severe evolution of schistosomiasis infection and, although very common, the prevalence in endemic areas has been underestimated. Objective: to report Schistosomal Myeloradiculopathy case in a pediatric patient. Methodology: descriptive study of the type Case Report retrospective, submitted and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the CESMAC University Center, CAAE: 28835220.0.0000.0039, Opinion N.º: 3.898.292. Case report: a previously healthy 11-year-old boy, started with a history of acute pain in lower limbs that worsened during the night accompanied of fever. Evolved with low back pain, dysuria, oliguria, subsequent anuria, vesical globe formation and lower limbs paresis. The investigation resulted in positive stool examination for schistosomiasis and magnetic resonance imaging of lumbosacral spine that corroborated the diagnostic hypothesis. The treatment included Albendazol, Praziquantel and pulsetherapy with Methylprednisolone during hospitalization. The patient was discharged from the hospital with improved neurological status, using prednisone 40 mg/day. Conclusion: Schistosomal Myeloradiculopathy is the most severe form of the ectopic manifestations of schistosomiasis. The difficulty in recognizing the clinical condition and the limitation of access to complementary diagnostic methods contributes to the underdiagnosis of the disease, causing severe sequels for patients with disease and hiding its epidemiological importance, especially in pediatric and young patients. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Oligúria , Paresia , Metilprednisolona , Prednisona , Doenças Endêmicas , Neuroesquistossomose , Doenças Negligenciadas , Febre
17.
Cir Cir ; 89(5): 657-663, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34665178

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of Depression with clinical outcomes in patients treated surgically for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) using an anterior approach. METHOD: An observational study was conducted in patients with ECM. The Beck scale, modified scale of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA), neck disability index (NDI) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used preoperatively, one month and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: Initial VAS showed more severe degrees in patients with depression. At one month and third month after surgery, there was a significant decrease in pain in the group without depression (p = 0.03). The mJOA at one month and three months was observed that the degree of severity decreased in both groups, being more noticeable in the group without depression (p = 0.02). Presurgical NDI was higher in the group with depression. At three months in both groups the improvement was noticeable with respect to the degree of preoperative disability. CONCLUSIONS: There is a favorable relationship in patients with ECM undergoing surgical treatment in the absence of depression prior to surgery and clinical evolution, with the possibility of promoting multidisciplinary management prior to surgery in patients with depression.


OBJETIVO: Determinar la asociación de depresión con los resultados clínicos en pacientes tratados quirúrgicamente por mielopatía espondilótica cervical (MEC) mediante abordaje anterior. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio observacional en pacientes con MEC. Se utilizaron la escala de Beck, la escala modificada de la Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA), el índice de discapacidad del cuello (NDI) y la escala visual análoga (EVA) de forma prequirúrgica, al mes y 3 meses posterior a la cirugía. RESULTADOS: La EVA inicial mostró mayor gravedad en los pacientes con depresión. Al mes y al tercer mes posteriores a la cirugía hay una disminución significativa del dolor en el grupo sin depresión (p = 0.03). En la mJOA al mes y a los 3 meses se observó que la gravedad disminuyó en ambos grupos, siendo más notorio en el grupo sin depresión (p = 0.02). El NDI prequirúrgico fue mayor en el grupo con depresión. A los 3 meses, en ambos grupos la mejoría fue notoria con respecto al grado de incapacidad preoperatorio. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una relación favorable en los pacientes con MEC sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico entre la ausencia de depresión previa a cirugía y la evolución clínica, con la posibilidad de promover un manejo multidisciplinario previo a la cirugía en los pacientes con depresión.


Assuntos
Doenças da Medula Espinal , Espondilose , Vértebras Cervicais/cirurgia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/etiologia , Humanos , Medição da Dor , Doenças da Medula Espinal/complicações , Doenças da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Espondilose/complicações , Espondilose/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento
18.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 32(5): 224-230, sept.- oct. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222736

RESUMO

Objetivo La laminoplastia «open door» es una técnica ampliamente utilizada para el tratamiento de la mielopatía cervical multinivel. A pesar de presentar resultados funcionales y radiológicos satisfactorios a largo plazo, la parálisis de C5 postoperatoria continúa siendo una complicación severa e invalidante con una incidencia variable en la literatura. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir e ilustrar la técnica quirúrgica paso a paso con el agregado de la foraminotomía unilateral C4-5, y evaluar los resultados obtenidos hasta el momento, haciendo especial énfasis en la parálisis de C5. Material y métodos Estudio retrospectivo de 20 pacientes intervenidos por mielopatía cervical mediante la técnica de laminoplastia cervical «extendida» con foraminotomía unilateral, para la cual se detallan los pasos. Resultados Entre enero de 2013 y abril de 2019 se trataron 20 pacientes con «laminoplastia cervical extendida». Un solo paciente agregó déficit de C5 postoperatorio (5%). El porcentaje de recuperación del Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (JOA modificado) postoperatorio fue del 54,5%, siendo similar a lo observado en otras series. Conclusión Se desarrolló e ilustró la técnica de laminoplastia cervical «extendida» con foraminotomía unilateral de C4-5 para la prevención de la parálisis de C5. Se analizaron los resultados, y se obtuvo una incidencia de parálisis de C5 coincidente con el menor porcentaje reportado en la literatura. Sería de utilidad un estudio prospectivo y aleatorizado para valorar el rol de la foraminotomía preventiva C4-5 unilateral (AU)


Objective The open-door laminoplasty technique is widely used in the treatment of multilevel cervical myelopathy. Despite the satisfactory functional and radiological results of this technique, postoperative C5 palsy is still a severe and disabling complication with a variable incidence in the literature. The objective of this article is to describe and demonstrate the surgical technique step by step with the addition of unilateral C4-5 foraminotomy and to evaluate the results obtained to date, with special emphasis on C5 palsy. Material and methods Retrospective study of 20 patients operated on for cervical myelopathy using the “extended” laminoplasty technique, which is described step by step. Results Between January 2013 and April 2019, 20 patients were operated on using the extended laminoplasty technique. Only one patient (5%) presented postoperative C5 palsy. The postoperative recovery rate of the modified JOA (Japanese Orthopaedic Association) score was 54.5%, similar to that observed in other series. Conclusion The extended cervical laminoplasty technique with unilateral C4-5 foraminotomy was developed and demonstrated for the prevention of C5 palsy. The results were analysed and an incidence of C5 palsy coinciding with the lowest percentage reported in the literature was obtained. A prospective randomised study would be useful to assess the role of preventive unilateral C4-5 foraminotomy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Laminoplastia/métodos , Laminectomia/métodos , Compressão da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos
19.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 32(5): 236-240, sept.- oct. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222738

RESUMO

Presentamos el caso de un varón de 17 años que acude a urgencias por cervicalgia de 6 semanas de evolución, sin déficit neurológico. La tomografía y resonancia magnética mostraban una masa dependiente de C2 con infiltración de partes blandas e invasión del canal medular, sin signos de mielopatía. Se realizó biopsia guiada con tomografía. Esperando al resultado, el paciente desarrolló una tetraparesia aguda con incompetencia de esfínteres. Una nueva resonancia magnética mostró un aumento de la masa ósea tumoral con extensión epidural, mielopatía y nuevas lesiones vertebrales. Se realizó una resección posterior y descompresión medular de urgencia, con fijación occipito-cervical. La recuperación postoperatoria fue completa. La inmunohistoquímica reveló un sarcoma de Ewing. Se inició quimioterapia con respuesta parcial. El sarcoma de Ewing primario atlantoaxial es una entidad excepcional con mal pronóstico. Su tratamiento es multidisciplinar, incluyendo una resección total si es posible, lo cual supone un reto para el cirujano (AU)


We report the case of a 17-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a six weeks history of neck pain and no neurogical deficit. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an expansile lesion in the axis, with soft tissue and spinal cavity invasion, without mielopathy signs. Tomography-guided mass biopsy was taken. Waiting for histopathologic results, the pacient developed acute tetraparesis and sphincter incompetence. Magnetic resonance revealed that the bone mass had grown with epidural compromise, mielopathy and new vertebral lesions. Medular decompression with laminectomy, excision of the posterior elements of axis with the involved soft tissue mass and occipito-cervical fixation was performed. Neurological recovery was complete. Inmunochemistry revealed an Ewing Sarcoma. Chemoteraphy treatment was given, with partial response. Primary Ewing sarcoma of atlas-axis is a rare entity with poor prognosis. Multidisciplinary approach treatment is needed, with a total surgical resection if it is possible, a real challenge for the surgeon (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Vértebra Cervical Áxis/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebra Cervical Áxis/cirurgia , Sarcoma de Ewing/diagnóstico , Sarcoma de Ewing/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Biópsia
20.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 81(5): 840-842, oct. 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351036

RESUMO

Resumen Se describe el caso de una paciente de 27 años que se presentó al servicio de urgencias por hipoestesia y parestesia de dos meses de evolución. El cuadro se inició en ambos pies, progresó en pocos días hasta las rodillas sin trastornos de la marcha y se acompañó de distonías en pulgar e índice de ambas manos. La analítica sanguínea incluyendo tóxicos fue negativa. La resonancia magnética medular mostró una imagen sugestiva de mielopatía o mielitis (C3-C5) sin otras anomalías sugestivas de enfermedad sistémica. El análisis bioquímico y el bacteriológico del líquido cefalorraquídeo fueron normales. Ante estos elementos se re-interrogó a la paciente en busca de consumo de tóxicos inusuales con la confirmación de consumo de óxido nitroso. La paciente fue internada para la realización de otros estudios que confirmaron la hipótesis diagnóstica del servicio de urgencias.


Abstract We describe the case of a 27-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency ward with hypoesthesia and paresthesia developing over the last two months, initially in both feet and progressing to the knees in a few days without associated gait disorders. Dystonia in the thumb and index finger of both hands was noted. Blood tests including toxic drugs were negative. The spinal magnetic resonance imaging was consistent with (C3-C5) myelopathy or myelitis without other abnormalities suggestive of systemic diseases. The biochemi cal and bacteriological analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid was normal. Because of these findings, the patient was re-interviewed to determine the consumption of unusual drugs, and nitrous oxide consumption was referred. The patient was admitted for further studies, which confirmed the diagnosis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Doenças da Medula Espinal/induzido quimicamente , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Óxido Nitroso/efeitos adversos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
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