The use of the e-SUS Território mobile application in the work of community health workers in Brazil.

Objective: Community health workers work directly in the communities and are the intermediaries between the population's needs and the primary health care teams. Their work focuses on health education and preventing diseases and disorders, accompanying citizens, families, and households in a particular neighborhood. This study sought to analyze the use of the e-SUS Território application in the work of community health workers in Brazil. Methods: Usability data extracted from Google Analytics from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed, including productivity indicators, number and location of users, and engagement. An overview of the application's main features was also provided. Results: The application is an important work tool used by these professionals, who stopped using printed sheets to record their activities and began recording them in a digital, unified, asynchronous way anywhere in Brazil, regardless of internet connectivity. The application had 425,000 active users in 2022, reaching 141,000 monthly active users in June of the same year, representing 54.8% of all community health workers in Brazil. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the wide and exponential adherence of the e-SUS Território application over the years and the increase in the productivity of professionals who use it, facilitating and encouraging the recording of health information.

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Mobile Health Applications and Telemonitoring in Atopic Dermatitis Self-Management.

INTRODUCTION: Up to 25% of children and 5.6% of adults in the USA have atopic dermatitis (AD), with substantial impacts on quality of life. Effective control can be challenging despite therapy efforts. The emergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) in AD management prompted this study to assess its impact on self-management. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess outcomes from peer-reviewed clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of teledermatology, mobile health (mHealth) apps, and electronic devices for managing AD. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase for articles written in English and published until May 2023. RESULTS: Twelve trials with 2424 participants were selected from 811 studies. A meta-analysis of 1038 individuals reported a mean difference (MD) of -1.57 [95% confidence interval (CI): -2.24, -0.91] for the Patient Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM). A meta-analysis of 495 individuals reported a Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) MD of -0.59 [95% CI: -0.95, -0.23]. Despite heterogeneity (I2 = 47% and I2 = 74%), the impact was significant (P ≤ 0.001). SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) showed an insignificant MD of -0.12 (P = 0.91). CONCLUSION: mHealth applications and telemonitoring show significant improvement in patients' quality of life (DLQI) and self-management (POEM) but no significant impact on AD severity (SCORAD).

Mobile health technologies for workers' health and wellbeing: A systematic search of mHealth applications in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Inadequate working conditions and sedentary work can exert a negative impact on workers' health and wellbeing, leading to musculoskeletal disorders and disability. Mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) have high potential for the self-management of workers' health. OBJECTIVE: To identify mHealth apps aimed at promoting workers' health and wellbeing available in Brazilian online stores and assess these apps in terms of engagement, functionality, aesthetics and information quality. METHODS: A systematic search for apps was conducted in the Brazilian online App Store and Play Store in December 2022. Only smartphone apps in Brazilian Portuguese directed at workers' health were assessed. The appraisal of the quality of the applications was performed using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). RESULTS: Among the 3449 mHealth apps found, ten were eligible for inclusion. The mean overall score was 3.15 ± 0.91 on a scale of 1-5. The lowest score was found for the "credibility" item. Exercises and breaks were the most frequent strategies. Most apps provided low-quality information from questionable sources and therefore received a mean score of 2.1 ± 1.5 on the MARS information subscale. CONCLUSION: Ten relevant mHealth apps were eligible for inclusion. The mHealth apps for the promotion of workers' health and wellbeing currently available in Brazil exhibited moderate quality and limited functionality.

Digital Educational Game "O Jardim do Ferro": A Tool for the Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Childhood.

Objective: To create and evaluate a digital educational game (DEG) for preschool children for the prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Methodology: The DEG software was developed by a multidisciplinary team, according to Chandler's methodology, in Engine Unity. The game is a 2D platformer, for Android, with three different phases. A quiz was developed for parents/caregivers about iron absorption and anemia. The quiz content was evaluated by experts. The evaluation of the game was carried out through a questionnaire applied in the school for children from 4 to 6 years of age. Results: For the construction of the game, programming, team planning, art, and soundtrack were necessary. The game was registered at the National Institute of Industrial Property. The quiz was evaluated by 14 experts and all questions had more than 80% agreement. The questionnaire was answered by 32 children with a mean age of 5.0 ± 0.7 years, and ∼70% evaluated the game positively. Thus, the acceptability of the software was favored by most players. Conclusion: The "O Jardim do Ferro" software, from its conception to evaluation, proved to be a promising tool to contribute to food and nutrition education actions, providing opportunities for the construction of knowledge about iron-rich foods for the prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in childhood.

Aplicativos de apoio à educação sobre a segurança do paciente hospitalizado: uma prospecção tecnológica / Educational apps to support patient safety in hospitals: a technology perspective

OBJETIVO: Investigar os aplicativos móveis que foram desenvolvidos com a finalidade de orientar os profissionais, os pacientes e seus acompanhantes quanto às ações de segurança do paciente no contexto de hospitalização. MÉTODO: Prospecção tecnológica realizada nas lojas virtuais App Store e Google Play e na ferramenta de busca da Google, cujo critério de inclusão foi aplicativos voltados para segurança do paciente no contexto hospitalar sem limitação de recorte temporal. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos e analisados no estudo 25 aplicativos. A maioria dos aplicativos eram móveis, desenvolvido em inglês, com ênfase para os profissionais de saúde. Ademais, tiveram como limitação, fragilidades relacionadas ao design e características lúdicas. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo pode contribuir para desenvolvimento de novos aplicativos para educação sobre a segurança do paciente, promovendo o aumento do engajamento nas ações de prevenção de erros.

OBJECTIVE: To examine mobile applications developed to guide healthcare professionals, patients, and their caregivers regarding patient safety interventions in the context of hospitalization. METHODS: A technological prospection was conducted in the virtual stores App Store and Google Play and through the Google search tool. Inclusion criteria included applications focused on patient safety in the context of hospitalization without temporal limitations. RESULTS: 25 applications were included in the study and analyzed. The Most applications were mobile, developed in English, and focused on healthcare professionals. In addition, they had limitations and weaknesses related to design and playful features. CONCLUSIONS: The study may contribute to developing of new patient safety education applications that promote increased engagement in error prevention interventions.

Desenvolvimento de uma plataforma móvel de apoio ao ensino de infectologia para alunos de graduação em medicina de um centro universitário em fortaleza/ce / Development of a mobile platform to support the teaching of infectiology for undergraduate medicine students at a university center in fortaleza/ce / Desarrollo de una plataforma móvil de apoyo a la enseñanza de infectiología para estudiantes de grado de medicina en un centro universitario de fortaleza/ce

O rápido avanço tecnológico na área da saúde tem impacto relevante e positivo na educação médica. O amplo uso de recursos digitais teve crescimento com a pandemia de Covid-19 e impulsionou a disponibilidade de novas formas de desenvolver o ensino por meio de plataformas digitais, para o ensino híbrido e EaD. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar uma plataforma móvel de suporte educacional em Infectologia para graduação em Medicina. Foi avaliada a aplicabilidade e usabilidade do sistema, o seu impacto na facilitação do ensino e o grau de satisfação do usuário com a nova ferramenta. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, experimental, descritivo, em que a plataforma desenvolvida foi avaliada por 42 estudantes de Medicina do quarto semestre do Centro Universitário Christus (Unichristus), por meio de questionários, visando estimar a repercussão nos diferentes cenários educacionais e o grau de satisfação com esse instrumento. Quanto à sua eficácia, foi aplicada a Escala de Usabilidade de Sistema (System Usabillity Scale - SUS). Como resultado, foi analisado que a plataforma apresentou o escore SUS de 84,64, com desvio-padrão de 13,8, sendo evidenciada uma correlação de Spearman estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05). Conclui-se que a plataforma móvel em infectologia é uma ferramenta com boa aceitabilidade e facilidade na utilização, permitindo uma alternativa de abordagem eficaz de ensino na graduação de medicina.

The rapid technological advancement in the field of healthcare has a significant and positive impact on medical education. The widespread use of digital resources has seen growth with the Covid-19 pandemic and has driven the availability of new ways to deliver education through digital platforms for hybrid and distance learning. In this regard, the objective of this study was to develop a mobile educational support platform in Infectious Diseases for undergraduate medical education. The applicability and usability of the system, its impact on facilitating education, and the user satisfaction with the new tool were evaluated. This was a quantitative, experimental, descriptive study in which the developed platform was assessed by 42 fourth-semester medical students at Christus University Center (Unichristus) through questionnaires to estimate its impact on various educational scenarios and the level of satisfaction with this tool. In terms of its effectiveness, the System Usability Scale (SUS) was applied. As a result, it was found that the platform scored an SUS score of 84.64 with a standard deviation of 13.8, and a statistically significant Spearman correlation (p<0.05) was evident. It is concluded that the mobile platform in Infectious Diseases is a tool with good acceptability and ease of use, allowing for an effective alternative approach to medical education at the undergraduate level.

El rápido avance tecnológico en el campo de la salud tiene un impacto significativo y positivo en la educación médica. El uso generalizado de recursos digitales ha experimentado un crecimiento con la pandemia de Covid-19 y ha impulsado la disponibilidad de nuevas formas de brindar educación a través de plataformas digitales para la enseñanza híbrida y a distancia. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una plataforma de apoyo educativo móvil en Enfermedades Infecciosas para la educación médica de pregrado. Se evaluó la aplicabilidad y la usabilidad del sistema, su impacto en facilitar la educación y el nivel de satisfacción del usuario con la nueva herramienta. Este fue un estudio cuantitativo, experimental y descriptivo en el que la plataforma desarrollada fue evaluada por 42 estudiantes de medicina en su cuarto semestre en el Centro Universitario Christus (Unichristus) a través de cuestionarios para estimar su impacto en diversos escenarios educativos y el nivel de satisfacción con esta herramienta. En términos de su eficacia, se aplicó la Escala de Usabilidad del Sistema (SUS). Como resultado, se encontró que la plataforma obtuvo una puntuación de SUS de 84.64 con una desviación estándar de 13.8, y se evidenció una correlación de Spearman estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05). Se concluye que la plataforma móvil en Enfermedades Infecciosas es una herramienta con buena aceptabilidad y facilidad de uso, que permite un enfoque alternativo efectivo para la educación médica a nivel de pregrado.

From brazil to canada: translation and cross-cultural adaptation of an app for breastfeeding premature babies / De brasil a canadá: traducción y adaptación transcultural de una aplicación para amamantamiento de prematuros / Do brasil ao canadá: tradução e adaptação transcultural de um aplicativo para amamentação de prematuros

ABSTRACT Objective: Translating and culturally adapting the AmamentaCoach app, originally developed in Brazil, for use by mothers of premature babies in Canada, through international research collaboration. Method: This is applied research in the form of technological development, in which the World Health Organization's recommendations for the translation and cultural adaptation of instruments were taken into account. Five Canadian researchers who are experts in breastfeeding promotion evaluated the appearance, language, and content of the new version of the app. An 18-item instrument was used with Likert scale response options indicating the degree of agreement for each statement, where 1=Strongly Disagree, 2=Disagree, 3=Neutral, 4=Agree, and 5=Strongly Agree. Results: In the first round of evaluation, the total Content Validity Index (CVI-T) was 0.72, and 6 of the 18 items did not reach CVI-I ≥0.8. A total of 59 screens (74%) of the app were modified, especially in terms of language and the quality of the translation of the texts, reaching CVI-T=0.87 in the second round. Conclusion: The Breastfeeding Coach app showed expressions adjusted to Canadian reality, meaningful images, and new auxiliary resources specific to Canada. Changes in content and attenuations in the rhetorical textual pattern, prompted by cultural differences in the nurse-client relationship and the woman's role in these two different societies, sought consistency with the reality of breastfeeding practices in Canada.

RESUMEN Objetivo: traducir y adaptar culturalmente la aplicación AmamentaCoach, desarrollada originalmente en Brasil, para uso de madres de bebés prematuros en Canadá, a través de una investigación internacional de colaboración. Método: investigación aplicada en forma de desarrollo tecnológico, en la que se consideraron las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para la traducción y adaptación cultural de instrumentos. Cinco investigadoras canadienses expertas en promoción de la lactancia materna evaluaron la apariencia, el lenguaje y el contenido de la nueva versión de la aplicación. Se utilizó un instrumento con 18 ítems con opciones de respuesta en una escala Likert que indica el grado de acuerdo para cada afirmación, donde 1=Muy en desacuerdo, 2=En desacuerdo, 3=Neutral, 4=De acuerdo y 5=Muy de acuerdo. Resultados: en la primera ronda de evaluación, el Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC-T) total fue de 0,72 y 6 de los 18 ítems no alcanzaron el IVC-I ≥0,8. Se modificaron 59 pantallas (74%) de la aplicación, especialmente en lo que respecta al idioma y la calidad de la traducción del texto, alcanzando IVC-T=0,87 en la segunda ronda. Conclusión: la aplicación Breastfeeding Coach presentó expresiones ajustadas a la realidad canadiense, imágenes significativas y nuevos recursos auxiliares específicos de Canadá. Los cambios en el contenido y las atenuaciones en el patrón retórico textual, provocados por las diferencias culturales en la relación enfermero-paciente y el papel de las mujeres en estas dos sociedades diferentes, buscaron coherencia con la realidad de las prácticas de lactancia materna en Canadá.

RESUMO Objetivo: traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o app AmamentaCoach, originalmente desenvolvido no Brasil, para utilização por mães de prematuros no Canadá, mediante colaboração internacional de pesquisa. Método: pesquisa aplicada na modalidade de desenvolvimento tecnológico, em que foram consideradas as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde para tradução e adaptação cultural de instrumentos. Cinco pesquisadoras canadenses experts em promoção da amamentação avaliaram a aparência, linguagem e conteúdo da nova versão do app. Foi utilizado um instrumento com 18 itens com opções de resposta em escala Likert indicando o grau de concordância para cada afirmação, em que 1=Strongly Disagree, 2=Disagree, 3=Neutral, 4=Agree, e 5=Strongly Agree. Resultados: na primeira rodada de avaliação, o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo total (IVC-T) foi de 0,72 e 6 dos 18 itens não alcançaram IVC-I ≥0.8. Modificaram-se 59 telas (74%) do app, especialmente quanto à linguagem e qualidade da tradução dos textos, atingindo-se IVC-T=0,87 na segunda rodada. Conclusão: o app The Breastfeeding Coach apresentou expressões ajustadas à realidade canadense, imagens significativas e novos recursos auxiliares próprios do Canadá. Alterações no conteúdo e atenuações no padrão retórico textual, instadas pelas diferenças culturais na relação enfermeiro-cliente e no papel da mulher nessas duas distintas sociedades, buscaram coerência com a realidade das práticas de amamentação no Canadá.

Desenvolvimento e validação de aplicativo para ensino de abordagem da dor em cuidados paliativos / Development and validation of mobile application for teaching the subject of pain management in palliative care

Resumo Introdução: Avaliação e manejo adequados da dor têm se tornado uma preocupação cada vez maior dos profissionais de saúde. Segundo a definição de cuidados paliativos da Organização Mundial da Saúde, são importantes a identificação precoce, a avaliação e o tratamento da dor. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos desenvolver e avaliar um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis voltado para o ensino de abordagem da dor em cuidados paliativos. Método: Foi desenvolvido um aplicativo móvel, seguido de sua utilização por médicos residentes e de avaliação qualiquantitativa prospectiva. Aplicou-se o teste de conhecimento. Obtiveram-se a usabilidade do aplicativo, por meio da System Usability Scale (SUS), e a satisfação, por meio do Net Promoter Score (NPS). Os dados foram tabulados no Microsoft Office Excel® e exportados para o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 20.0 (IBM): na realização das análises, adotou-se uma confiança de 95%. Para a análise qualitativa das avaliações, o conteúdo das respostas foi transcrito e organizado em nuvens de palavras para destacar as ideias centrais. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Centro Universitário Christus. Resultado: Desenvolveu-se o PaliPain App, aplicativo constituído de casos clínicos de pacientes em cuidados paliativos com manifestações de dor, além de questões, vídeos e imagens, disponibilizado nas plataformas Android e iOS. Utilizaram o aplicativo 13 médicos residentes. A média de acertos de questões no pré-teste sobre dor em cuidados paliativos aumentou de 6,08 para 7,54 após manuseio do aplicativo. Na avaliação sobre a usabilidade do aplicativo, obtivemos na SUS uma média de 89,2, acima do nível considerado adequado de 70,0. Na avaliação de satisfação, 54% dos médicos responderam com pontuação 10 à pergunta: "Em uma escala de 0 a 10, quanto você recomendaria o aplicativo PaliPain a um amigo ou colega?". Conclusão: O PaliPain App, desenvolvido e disponibilizado nas plataformas Android e iOS, foi bem avaliado pelos médicos residentes, apresentando ótimos escores de usabilidade e de satisfação. Identificamos que houve ganho de conhecimento, com pontuação média na resolução de questões aumentando de 6,08 para 7,54 após livre uso da aplicação. O PaliPain App pode ser uma ferramenta útil para ensino de abordagem de dor para médicos residentes.

Abstract Introduction: Pain evaluation has become an increasingly relevant concern for healthcare workers. According to the World Health Organization's definition of Palliative Care, early identification, evaluation, and treatment of pain are important. Objective: Developing and rating an app for mobile devices that focuses on teaching the subject of pain management in Palliative Care. Research Methodology: The app was developed as a learning tool and tested by resident physicians while undergoing a qualitative and quantitative prospective evaluation. Mock tests were taken. The usability of the app was rated through the System Usability Scale (SUS), and satisfaction with the app was rated through the Net Promoter Score (NPS). The data was charted by using Microsoft Office Excel ® and was exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM) software: an analysis was run with a 95% confidence interval. As for the qualitative analysis of the resident physicians' evaluations, all available content was transcribed and properly organized in word clouds in order to highlight the most important pieces of feedback that the physicians presented regarding the app. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Main Results: The PaliPain App was developed as a database filled with clinical cases of patients undergoing palliative care who were experiencing varying levels of pain, and also presents analysis of test questions, videos and images. It was made available for the Android and iOS platforms. The average correct answers in a mock test about pain management during palliative care rose from 6.08 to 7.54. Thirteen resident physicians made use of the app. In the evaluation of the app's usability, the average SUS score was 89.2. In the evaluation of user satisfaction, 54% of the resident physicians answered the question "from a scale of 0 to 10, what is the likelihood of you recommending the PaliPan app to a friend or colleague?" with a score of 10. Conclusion: The PaliPain App, developed and available on Android and iOS platforms, was well evaluated by resident physicians, presenting excellent scores for both usability and satisfaction. We identified that there was a gain in knowledge, with an average score in the resolution of questions increasing from 6.08 to 7.54 after free use of the application. The PaliPan app could be a useful tool to teach the subject of pain to resident physicians.

Usability of the ROBOVID mobile app for health education about COVID-19 / Usabilidad de la aplicación móvil ROBOVID para educación en salud acerca de la covid-19 / Usabilidade do aplicativo móvel ROBOVID para educação em saúde acerca da COVID-19

Objective: to evaluate the usability of the ROBOVID mobile application for health education about COVID-19. Method: methodological study with an applied quantitative approach, developed with 21 adults, using an electronic form. Usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used to analyze the data. Results: the overall average score on the System Usability Scale questionnaire was 87.3, which classifies the usability of the ROBOVID application as the best achievable. Furthermore, the application has high scores for ease of memorization, user satisfaction and ease of getting to know the system, as well as excellent scores for absence of errors and speed in carrying out the tasks set. Conclusion: the ROBOVID application complies with the principles of usability in terms of efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction in the evaluation of end users, showing that the application meets consumer needs in terms of its functionalities, demonstrating its viability in terms of the initial objectives.

Objetivo: evaluar la usabilidad de la aplicación móvil ROBOVID para educación en salud acerca de la COVID-19. Método: estudio metodológico con enfoque cuantitativo aplicado, desarrollado con 21 adultos, mediante formulario electrónico. La evaluación de la usabilidad se llevó a cabo mediante la System Usability Scale. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences . Resultados: la media global por el cuestionario System Usability Scale fue de 87,3, lo que clasifica la usabilidad de la aplicación ROBOVID como mejor alcanzable. Además, la aplicación presenta índices elevados para facilidad de memorización, satisfacción del usuario y facilidad de conocimiento del sistema, además de excelentes índices para ausencia de errores y rapidez en la ejecución de las tareas establecidas. Conclusión: la aplicación ROBOVID posee conformidad con los principios de usabilidad en los criterios de eficiencia, eficacia y satisfacción en la evaluación de los usuarios finales, explicando que la aplicación satisface las necesidades de consumo frente a sus funcionalidades, demostrando su viabilidad en cuanto a los objetivos iniciales.

Objetivo: avaliar a usabilidade do aplicativo móvel ROBOVID para educação em saúde acerca da COVID-19. Método: estudo metodológico com abordagem quantitativa aplicado, desenvolvido com 21 adultos, por meio de formulário eletrônico. A avaliação da usabilidade ocorreu por meio da System Usability Scale . Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences . Resultados: a média global pelo questionário System Usability Scale foi de 87,3, o que classifica a usabilidade do aplicativo ROBOVID como melhor alcançável. Ademais, o aplicativo apresenta índices elevados para facilidade de memorização, satisfação do usuário e facilidade de conhecimento do sistema, além de excelentes índices para ausência de erros e rapidez na execução das tarefas estabelecidas. Conclusão: o aplicativo ROBOVID possui conformidade com os princípios de usabilidade nos critérios de eficiência, eficácia e satisfação na avaliação dos usuários-finais, explicitando que o aplicativo atende às necessidades de consumo frente a suas funcionalidades, demostrando sua viabilidade no que tange aos objetivos iniciais.

LEARNHIV: development and validation of a mobile application for primary health care nurses focused on HIV care/prevention.

INTRODUCTION: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a relevant public health problem is worldwide. From the change in the health care of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Primary Health Care (PHC), nurses gained autonomy in their workflow, which requires a significant technological arsenal for the planning, organization and functioning of services. It is believed that the development of a mobile application for the care/prevention of HIV will contribute to the strengthening of care, resulting in greater autonomy and empowerment of nurses in Primary Health Care. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a content script for a mobile application for nurses in PHC containing information about PLHIV management/care in PHC. METHODS: This is a methodological study developed in three phases: exploratory study, content elaboration process and validation by the 16 judges. RESULTS: The application was evaluated and validated satisfactorily in terms of content and appearance, with an average Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.99 (99%), Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Medium Content Validity (S-IVC/AVE) also obtained satisfactory levels. CONCLUSIONS: The construction of the prototype of an application called LearnHIV, is considered a valid instrument in terms of content and appearance, according to the judges. TRIAL REGISTRATION: None because it is not an intervention study.

A Review of Software and Mobile Apps to Support the Clinical Diagnosis of Hansen Disease.

This scoping review indicates a lack of scientific articles that specifically explore software and mobile applications designed to assist in the clinical diagnosis of leprosy, and our findings have provided insights into the available tools, their usage methods, and the benefits offered by health technologies.

Evaluation of mobile applications focused on the care of patients with anxiety disorders: A systematic review in app stores in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and evaluate the quality of mobile apps available in Brazil focused on the care of patients with anxiety disorders. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted until October 2021 on Play Store (Android) and Apple Store (iOS) in Brazil, using the terms "anxiety," "phobia," "panic attack," and "social phobia." Two independent authors identified the apps and performed data extraction and quality assessment using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the relationship between user star rating and the quality defined by the MARS instrument. RESULTS: A total of 3,278 potential apps were identified, of which 71 fully met the eligibility criteria. Most apps were made available on the Play Store (91.74%), in English (69.01%), and updated in the last two years (90.14%). Approximately half of the apps (50.70%) did not inform the developer's country and most of them did not report the user star rating (70.42%). The target population was indicated as free by most apps (85.92%), with generalized anxiety disorder being the most addressed disorder (74.65%), followed by panic disorder (33.80%). The three main purposes of the apps were education (83.10%), self-assessment (38.03%), and meditation/breathing (32.39%). Only 31 apps (43.66%) had acceptable quality (above 3.0) and the average total MARS quality score of 2.93 (2.20 to 3.90), with the functionality section receiving the highest score (3.90) and the lowest scoring sections being engagement (2.16). The apps that were rated stars by users (29.58%) showed a negative Pearson correlation (ρ = -0.100), evidencing a difference in the user's evaluation and that performed using the MARS instrument. CONCLUSION: Gaps in the quality of apps focused on the care of patients with anxiety disorders were evidenced since most were classified as having low quality through the MARS instrument. Thus, users are recommended to use these apps with caution.

Effectiveness of a Mobile App to Increase Risk Perception of Tobacco, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use in Mexican High School Students: Quantitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Young people have the highest rate of drug use worldwide. Recent data from Mexico in this population show that the prevalence of illicit drug use doubled between 2011 and 2016 (2.9%-6.2%), with marijuana being the one with the highest increase (2.4%-5.3%), but also point out that alcohol and tobacco use have remained steady or decreased. Mexican adolescents are at high risk for drug use owing to a low perception of risk and the availability of drugs. Adolescence is an ideal period to reduce or prevent risky behaviors using evidence-based strategies. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to test the short-term effectiveness of a mobile intervention app ("What Happens if you Go Too Far?" ["¿Qué pasa si te pasas?"]) that seeks to increase risk perception of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use in a sample of Mexican high school students. METHODS: A nonexperimental evaluation based on pretest-posttest design was used to measure the effectiveness of a preventive intervention using a mobile app, "What Happens If You Go Too Far?" The dimensions analyzed were knowledge of drugs and their effects, life skills, self-esteem, and risk perception. The intervention was conducted on a high school campus with 356 first-year students. RESULTS: The sample included 359 first-year high school students (mean 15, SD 0.588 years; women: 224/359, 62.4% men: 135/359, 37.6%). The intervention increased the overall risk perception of tobacco (χ24=21.6; P<.001) and alcohol use (χ24=15.3; P<.001). There was no significant difference in the perception that it is dangerous to smoke 5 cigarettes, and there was a marginal difference in the perception that it is very dangerous to smoke 1 cigarette or to use alcohol or marijuana. We used a generalized estimating equation method to determine the impact of the variables on risk perception. The results showed that knowledge about smoking increased the risk perception of smoking 1 cigarette (odds ratio [OR] 1.1065, 95% CI 1.013-1.120; P=.01), and that knowledge about marijuana use (OR 1.109, 95% CI 1.138-1.185; P=.002) and self-esteem (OR 1.102, 95% CI 1.007-1.206; P=.04) produced significant increases in the risk perception of consuming 5 cigarettes. Resistance to peer pressure and assertiveness also increased the perceived risk of using tobacco and alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention has the potential to increase the perception of risk toward drug use in high school students by providing knowledge about the effects and psychosocial risks of drug use and by strengthening life skills that are associated with increased risk perception. The use of mobile technologies in intervention processes may broaden the scope of preventive work for adolescents.

Effects of lower and upper body fatigue in striking response time of amateur karate athletes.

In combat sports, strikes or counter-strikes response time (RT) can be related to performance and sporting success. Moreover, training sessions are usually highly fatiguing, which is expected to impair basic skills, such as RT. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of fatigue on punch and kick RTs of karate practitioners. Twelve individuals of both sexes from different levels (three yellow belts, three red belts, two orange belts, two green belts, one brown belt, and one black belt) were selected. Participants were aged 22 ± 3 years old, with a stature of 169.1 ± 6.5 cm, and a body mass of 65.5 ± 10 kg. Six visits were held with each participant. On the first 2 days, the RT of punches and kicks was measured by a validated smartphone app (TReaction). For the subsequent visits, a randomized incremental test for the upper or lower body was adopted as motor fatigue protocol, immediately followed by punches and kicks RT tests, also in random order. For induction of lower and upper body-specific muscle fatigue, the ITStriker app was used, which operates by emitting sound signals transmitted by a smartphone. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was performed, and significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Regarding the mean punches RT, significant effects between situations for the upper (F(2,22) = 11.5; ω2 = 0.23; p < 0.001) and lower body (F(2,22) = 14.2; ω2 = 0.18; p < 0.001) fatigue protocols were found. The negative effect of the lower body fatigue protocol in punches RT was evident regardless of the order of the tests (punch RT first: Δ = 10.5%; t = 4.4; p < 0.001; d = 1.0; kick RT first: Δ = 11.4%; t = 4.8; p < 0.001; d = 1.1). Regarding mean kicks RT, significant effects were found between situations for the lower (F(2,22) = 16.6; ω2 = 0.27; p < 0.001) but not for the upper (F(2,22) = 2.3; ω2 = 0.02; p = 0.12) body fatigue protocols. Kick RTs were negatively affected by the lower body fatigue protocol regardless of the RT order applied (punch RT first: Δ = 7.5%; t = 3.0; p = 0.01; d = 0.8; kick RT first: Δ = 14.3%; t = 5.7; p < 0.001; d = 1.5). Upper body fatigue does not impair punch or kick RTs. Thus, it is concluded that the specificity of fatigue protocols and striking order should be considered while performing RT demanding techniques in karate practice. Specifically, lower body motor fatigue may impair both kicks and punches RT, which highlights the role of lower limbs in punches performance. Otherwise, upper body motor fatigue seems to induce impairments that are limited to the specific motor actions of this body segment.

Benchmarking of apps for mobile devices targeted at children's health / Benchmarking de aplicaciones para dispositivos móviles dirigidas a la salud infantil / Benchmarking de aplicações para dispositivos móveis direcionados à saúde da criança

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify which of the apps available for children include information on monitoring growth and development, in a way similar to the Brazilian Children's Handbook. Method: this is an exploratory research study to survey apps designed to monitor children's growth and development. The "Benchmarking" technique was used to assist in the process. The search for apps was carried out in January 2023 in the Google Play and App Store stores. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel. After classifying the variables, absolute and relative frequencies were calculated. Results: a total of 624 apps were identified. Of these, 491 were found in Google Play and 133 in the App Store. After analyzing the app descriptions and excluding duplicates, 48 software options were selected for the final sample. 41% (19) of the apps are in Portuguese, 36% (17) of those selected intend to record children's development, and only 2% (1) store children's growth, development and vaccination data. Conclusion: the absence of an app similar to Children's Handbook for monitoring and recording children's health within the Unified Health System scope was evidenced.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar cuáles de las aplicaciones disponibles para el público infantil incluyen información sobre el control del crecimiento, en forma análoga a la Libreta de Salud Infantil brasileña. Método: investigación exploratoria para sondear aplicaciones destinadas a controlar el crecimiento y desarrollo infantil. Para facilitar el proceso se utilizó la técnica de Benchmarking. Se buscaron aplicaciones en las tiendas Google Play y App Store, en enero de 2023. Los datos se tabularon en Microsoft Excel. Luego de clasificar las variables se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: se identificaron 624 aplicaciones. De ellas, se encontraron 491 en Google Play y 133 en App Store. Después de analizar la descripción de cada aplicación y de excluir duplicados se seleccionaron 48 opciones de software para la muestra final. El 41% (19) de las aplicaciones estaba en portugués, el 36% (17) de las seleccionadas están destinadas a registrar el desarrollo infantil, y solamente el 2% (1) almacena datos de crecimiento, desarrollo y vacunación infantil. Conclusión: se hizo evidente que no existe ninguna aplicación similar a la Libreta de Salud Infantil para controlar y registrar la salud en este grupo etario para el ámbito del Sistema Único de Salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar quais dos aplicativos disponíveis para o público infantil contemplam informações sobre o acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento, análogos à Caderneta da Criança brasileira. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de levantamento de aplicativos destinados ao acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil. Para auxiliar no processo, foi utilizada a técnica de benchmarking. A busca pelos aplicativos foi realizada nas lojas de aplicativos Google Play e App Store, em janeiro de 2023. Os dados foram tabulados no Microsoft Excel. Após a classificação de variável, calculou-se a frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Foram identificados 624 aplicativos. Desses, 491 foram encontrados no Google play e 133 no App Store. Após análise da descrição da aplicação e exclusão de duplicatas, foram selecionados 48 softwares para a amostra final. 41% (19) dos aplicativos apresentam-se na língua portuguesa, 36% (17) dos selecionados propõem-se a registrar o desenvolvimento da criança, e apenas 2% (1) faz o armazenamento do crescimento, desenvolvimento e vacinação infantil. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a ausência de um aplicativo análogo à Caderneta da Criança para o acompanhamento e registro da saúde infantil para o âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde.

Aplicativos móveis desenvolvidos para a gestão intra-hospitalar de pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral: uma revisão sistemática / Mobile applications developed for the in-hospital management of patients with stroke: a systematic review

O uso de tecnologias móveis e sem fio para apoiar a realização dos objetivos de saúde é uma tendência dentro da e-saúde. Existem lacunas de conhecimento adicionais no uso emergente de smartphones para a gestão e monitoramento de doenças crônicas como o acidente vascular cerebral, principalmente dentro do ambiente hospitalar. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de revisar os estudos que utilizaram aplicativos móveis para a gestão de pacientes hospitalizados com acidente vascular cerebral. Esta revisão sistemática seguiu as recomendações preconizadas pelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), sendo realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas Medline/PubMed e Embase, além de busca manual às referências de estudos já publicados sobre o assunto. Foram encontrados 207 estudos e após análise dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 6 foram incluídos para análise completa. O uso de aplicativos móveis pode acelerar o tempo de atendimento de pacientes internados com acidente vascular cerebral, diminuindo a morte neuronal, melhorando a mortalidade hospitalar, diminuindo a hemorragia intracraniana e contribuindo para um retorno precoce para a casa dos pacientes.

The use of mobile and wireless technologies to support the achievement of health goals is a trend within e-health. There are additional knowledge gaps in the emerging use of smartphones for the management and monitoring of chronic diseases such as stroke, particularly within the hospital setting. The objective this study was review studies developed with the interaction of mobile applications for the management of hospitalized patients with stroke. This systematic review followed the recommendations recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was carried out in the Medline/PubMed and Embase electronic databases, in addition to a manual search of references to studies already published on the subject, and 207 studies were found and after analyzing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 were included for complete analysis. The use of mobile applications can accelerate the care times of hospitalized patients with stroke, decreasing neuronal death, improvement in hospital mortality, less intracranial hemorrhage, and contributing to an early return home of patients.

Development and professional validation of an App to support Oral Cancer Screening

Abstract The objective of this study was to develop and validate an App for identifying risk factors for oral cancer. To this end, we developed an App (OCS: Oral Cancer Screening) with predictors of Oral Cancer (OC) and algorithm assembly to estimate the risk of its development. Methodology: Simulated clinical cases were designed so that 40 professionals with expertise in oral diagnostics could validate the algorithm and test its usability (SUS: System Usability Score) and acceptability (TAM: Technology Acceptance Model). Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Friedman/Dunn tests, and Spearman correlation evaluated the SUS and TAM scales. ROC curve was plotted to estimate the cutoff point of the algorithm in suggesting a high risk for OCS of the simulated cases. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were additionally used (p<0.05, SPSS v20.0). Results: Professionals with expertise in oral diagnosis had usability of 84.63±10.66 and acceptability of 84.75±10.62, which correlated positively (p<0.001, r=0.647). Acting in clinical areas of dentistry (p=0.034) and history of performing OC risk factor orientation (p=0.048) increased acceptability while acting in higher education increased usability (p=0.011). The cutoff point suggested by the App after validation of the simulated clinical cases showed high sensitivity of 84.8% and lower specificity of 58.4%. Conclusion: The OCS was effective and with adequate sensitivity, usability, and acceptability and may contribute to the detection of early oral lesions.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e validar um aplicativo para identificação de fatores de risco para câncer bucal. Para tanto, desenvolvemos um aplicativo (OCS: Oral Cancer Screening) com preditores de Câncer Oral (CO) e montagem de algoritmo para estimar o risco de seu desenvolvimento. Metodologia: Casos clínicos simulados foram projetados para que 40 profissionais com expertise em diagnóstico oral pudessem validar o algoritmo e testar sua usabilidade (SUS: System Usabilidade Score) e aceitabilidade (TAM: Technology Acceptance Model). O coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, os testes de Friedman/Dunn e a correlação de Spearman avaliaram as escalas SUS e TAM. A curva ROC foi traçada para estimar o ponto de corte do algoritmo ao sugerir um alto risco para OCS dos casos simulados. Os testes do qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher foram usados adicionalmente (p<0,05, SPSS v20.0). Resultados: Profissionais com expertise em diagnóstico oral tiveram usabilidade de 84,63±10,66 e aceitabilidade de 84,75±10,62, que se correlacionaram positivamente (p<0,001, r=0,647). Atuar em áreas clínicas da odontologia (p=0,034) e histórico de realização de CO orientação de fator de risco (p=0,048) aumentaram a aceitabilidade enquanto atuar no ensino superior aumentou a usabilidade (p=0,011). O ponto de corte sugerido pelo App após validação dos casos clínicos simulados apresentou alta sensibilidade de 84,8% e baixa especificidade de 58,4%. Conclusão: O OCS foi eficaz e com sensibilidade, usabilidade e aceitabilidade adequadas e pode contribuir para a detecção de lesões orais precoces.

Quality assessment of smartphone fitness apps used to increase physical activity level and improve general health in adults: A systematic review.

Introduction: Mobile exercise apps for smartphones have been used with intervention measures to increase physical activity. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the quality of fitness apps for smartphones that were used to increase the level of physical activity and improve the overall health of healthy adults. Methods: The systematic review was performed in five electronic databases EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Academic Research Premier e Cochrane Reviews, and Trials. The search terms were grouped into three categories according to the principles of population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes. The following includes examples of the group terms: population (healthy adults), intervention (smartphone apps), and outcomes (physical activity level). Results: Of the 3924 potential articles, 74 were read for full-text analysis. Only seven studies were included in the review. The methodological evaluation of the studies and the apps' quality showed that only one study and one app were evaluated with good quality. All studies used a type of application to improve the level of physical activity (measured by the number of daily steps), reporting an increase and improvement in some general health indices (calorie expenditure, weight, BMI) in healthy adults, regardless of frequency and duration of intervention and applications. Conclusion: We cannot say that the use of smartphone applications improves the level of physical activity and general health. The low methodological quality of the studies and the possibility to evaluate the applications used (Mars Scale) due to the lack of technical standardization presented in the studies, despite the app used showing positive results in all studies.

Aplicativo móvel para vigilância pós-alta de infecção de sítio cirúrgico / Mobile application for post-discharge surveillance of surgical site infections

Resumo: Esta pesquisa trata do desenvolvimento de aplicativo móvel para monitorar Infecções de Sítio Cirúrgico pós alta hospitalar, direcionado ao Hospital de Referência em Urgência e Emergência na região da Amazônia Legal. Pesquisa metodológica de produção tecnológica desenvolvida em três etapas: diagnóstico situacional das evidências científicas (baseadas em manuais e diretrizes de instituições conceituadas na temática e revisão integrativa de artigos científicos sobre (cartilhas) tecnologias para educação em saúdo no pós operatório); diagnóstico situacional de tecnologias disponíveis; e desenvolvimento do protótipo do aplicativo. A produção científica de manuais e diretrizes constituiu-se de quatro recomendações da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, três documentos da Organização Mundial de Saúde e um manual copilado dos Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A revisão integrativa foi composta por oito artigos com resultados do desenvolvimento, validação e aplicação de materiais educativos em saúde. Na produção tecnológica foram identificados 149 aplicativos disponíveis na plataforma "App Store" e 263 na "Play Store". Esses corresponderam, respectivamente, a jogos (44 e 169); estudos e orientações para profissionais (25 e 37); eventos da área da saúde (11 e 2); agendamentos de consultas e retornos (26 e4); e cirurgia segura (8 e 3). Entre os identificados, respectivamente, 30 e 39 não correspondiam à temática; 3 e 7 estavam duplicados; restando dois para análise, um dos quais estava corrompido, restando um aplicativo na amostra final e não direcionado à vigilância cirúrgica pós alta. Para o desenvolvimento do protótipo do aplicativo, os conteúdos sumarizados das evidências científicas subsidiaram o esboço do storyboard da interface e programação das telas, com menu e submenus; a partir do qual o aplicativo foi desenvolvido por empresa contratada. O aplicativo móvel InfectoPrev foi desenvolvido para uso do paciente cirúrgico pós alta hospitalar, afim de apoiar a vigilância de infecções cirúrgicas. O aplicativo oportuniza a avaliação precoce da ferida operatória, por meio de um roteiro de perguntas, além de fornecer orientações ao usuário a respeito do processo perioperatório e incluí-lo como participante ativo de sua segurança. Trata-se novo modelo digital de monitoramento, registro e produção de indicadores de infecções de sítio cirúrgico replicável para hospitais públicos e privados; tem contribuição social pelo potencial ajuste para outros sistemas de vigilância em saúde pós atenção na rede assistencial.

Abstract: This research deals with the development of a mobile application to monitor postdischarge Surgical Site Infections, directed to the Reference Hospital in Urgência e Emergência in the Legal Amazon region. Methodological research of technological production developed in three stages: situational diagnosis of scientific evidence (based on manuals and guidelines from reputable institutions on the subject and integrative review of scientific articles on (booklets) technologies for health education in the postoperative period); situational diagnosis of available technologies; and development of the application prototype. The scientific production of manuals and guidelines consisted of four recommendations from the National Health Surveillance Agency, three documents from the World Health Organization and a manual compiled from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The integrative review consisted of eight articles with results from the development, validation and application of educational materials in health. In technological production, 149 applications were identified available on the "App Store" platform and 263 on the "Play Store". These corresponded, respectively, to games (44 and 169); studies and guidelines for professionals (25 and 37); health area events (11 and 2); scheduling appointments and returns (26th and 4th); and safe surgery (8 and 3). Among those identified, respectively, 30 and 39 did not correspond to the theme; 3 and 7 were duplicated; leaving two for analysis, one of which was inconsistent, leaving one application in the final sample and not directed to post-discharge behavioral surveillance. For the development of the application's prototype, the summarized contents of the scientific evidence supported the outline of the interface storyboard and programming of the screens, with menu and submenus; from which the application was developed by a contracted company. The InfectoPrev mobile application was developed for use by hospital patients after hospital discharge, in order to support the surveillance of hospital staff. The application provides an opportunity for early assessment of the surgical wound, through a script of questions, in addition to providing guidance to the user regarding the perioperative process and including him as an active participant in his safety. It is a new digital model for monitoring, recording and producing replicable respiratory site hospitalization indicators for public and private hospitals; it has a social contribution due to the potential adjustment to other post-care health surveillance systems in the care network.

Patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals' needs when designing the content of a mobile application for the clinical monitoring of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and home oxygen therapy: A user-centered design.

Background: Patients with chronic respiratory diseases require oxygen supply in a considerable amount to reduce their symptoms and increase their survival. The development of abilities for the self-management of chronic diseases has been shown to be essential to decrease exacerbation of symptoms. Therefore, the design and development of health mobile applications (apps) that aid in educating and training for disease self-management are cost-effective strategies. Objective: The purpose of this research was to describe the main characteristics that, according to final users, should be included in a mobile application for monitoring patients prescribed home oxygen therapy. Methods: A participative-qualitative design was used, involving direct participation of patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals. Focus groups were conducted to identify the needs and perspectives related to the app. A card sorting method was used to determine the contents and basic architecture of the app. Results: By means of the focus groups, we could identify nine basic functions of the app for the clinical monitoring of patients under home oxygen therapy. For both profiles, the app structure was determined by identifying the most frequent contents among participants. Conclusions: The implementation of a user-centered design allowed for the detection of the functions, contents, and basic architecture of the app by identifying healthcare professionals and patients' needs and preferences regarding the self-management and monitoring of home oxygen prescriptions. Trial Registration: The study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04820790.