RESUMO
Introducción: la infección osteo-articular es una patología compleja, y su prevalencia esta en aumento. Conocer las principales características de su presentación clínica, etiología y evolución permite mejorar su abordaje. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, retrospectivo, período 01 de enero 2020 a 31 diciembre 2020 en el Instituto Nacional de Ortopedia y Traumatología. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes adultos ingresados con diagnóstico clínico de infección osteo-articular y que fueron asistido en conjunto por Enfermedades Infecciosas y Traumatología en el período de estudio. Todos los casos contaban con uno o más cultivos microbiológicos profundos. Resultados: hubo 132 pacientes con infección osteo-articular, la relación hombre-mujer fue 2 a 1 y una media de 53 años. La presentación clínica fue con dolor, fístula y signos fluxivos locales. Las infecciones más frecuentes fueron de fracturas y prótesis articulares. El 54% de las infecciones fue por cocos gram positivos, 31% por enterobacterias y 13% bacilos gram negativos no fermentadores. En cuanto al perfil de sensibilidad 33% de los cocos fueron meticilino resistentes y 43% de las enterobacterias multirresistentes. Conclusión: La patología mas frecuente en 2 de cada 3 ingresos fue la infección de fracturas y la asociada a material implantado. A la complejidad habitual del tratamiento quirúrgico y antimicrobiano de esta patología se suma que 3 de cada 10 microorganismos aislados fueron resistentes.
Introduction: osteoarticular infections are a complex condition that are gradually increasing in prevalence. Learning about its clinical presentation, etiology and evolution will enable improving its management. Method: observational, retrospective study of cases seen at the National Orthopedic and Traumatology Institute from January 1st, 2020 to December 31st, 2020. All adult patients admitted with clinical diagnosis of osteoarticular infection who were assisted jointly by the Infectious Diseases and Traumatology units in the above mentioned period were included in the study. All cases had at least one deep microbiological cultures. Results: there were 132 patients with osteoarticular infection, female to male ratio was 2-to-1 and average age was 53 years old. Clinical presentation was characterized by pain, fistula and local fluxiye signs. The most frequent infections were fracture and prosthetic joint infections. Fifty four percent of infections were caused by gram-positive coccus, 31% were caused by enterobacteria and 13% by nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB). As to the sensitivity profile, 33% of cocci were methicillin-resistant and 43% of enterobacteria were multidrug-resistant. Conclusions: the most frequent pathology in 2 out of three hospitalizations were fracture infection and infections in orthopedic-related devices. The usual complexity.
Introdução: a infecção osteoarticular é uma patologia complexa, e sua prevalência está aumentando. Conhecer as principais características da sua apresentação clínica, etiologia e evolução permite-nos melhorar a sua abordagem. Material e métodos: estudo observacional, retrospectivo, que inclui pacientes atendidos no período 1º de janeiro -a 31 de dezembro de 2020 no Instituto Nacional de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. Foram incluídos todos os pacientes adultos internados com diagnóstico clínico de infecção osteoarticular atendidos conjuntamente por especialistas em Infecciologia e Traumatologia. Em todos os casos foram realizadas uma ou mais culturas microbiológicas profundas. Resultados: foram incluídos 132 pacientes diagnosticados com infecção osteoarticular, a relação homem-mulher foi de 2 para 1 e a idade média foi 53 anos. A apresentação clínica foi: dor, fístula e sinais inflamatórios agudos locais. As infecções mais frequentes foram as associadas a fraturas e próteses articulares. 54% das infecções foram devidas a cocos Gram positivos, 31% a enterobactérias e 13% a bacilos Gram negativos não fermentadores. Em relação ao perfil de sensibilidade, 33% dos cocos eram resistentes à meticilina e 43% das enterobactérias eram multirresistentes. Conclusão: a patologia mais frequente em 2 dos 3 internamentos foi a infecção das fracturas e estava associada ao material implantado. Acrescenta-se à complexidade usual do tratamento cirúrgico e antimicrobiano desta doença o fato de que 3 em cada 10 microrganismos isolados eram resistentes.
RESUMO
A very rare condition, pyogenic sacroiliitis is responsible for 1-2% of all osteoarticular infections in children. Diagnosis is often delayed in the pediatric population due to non-specific signs and symptoms during presentation, difficulty in assessing the joint, more common differential diagnosis and low yield diagnostic findings in conventional radiography. A delayed diagnosis of this condition can lead to permanent joint damage. A 9-month-old presented to the emergency department with a history of fever, being unsettled and clingy along with refusal to weight bear over the past few days. On initial assessment, she was found to be tachycardic and afebrile with abnormal posture of her left leg held in external rotation at the hip joint. On examination, she refused to weight bear, presented with alternating tenderness of her left and right hip joints and spinal tenderness at the L5 position. Investigations done showed slightly raised inflammatory counts, normal hip and pelvic radiographs, normal hip ultrasound and blood culture growing staphylococcus aureus and Magnetic Resonance Imaging spine showing right sacroiliitis leading the diagnosis of pyogenic sacroiliitis. This case report highlights the importance of examination of the back and the importance of avoiding fixation error by history. Although rare, clinicians should consider the diagnosis of sacroiliitis in children who present with fever, being unsettled with decreased and painful movements around the pelvic region.
