Linking Self-efficacy to Quality of Working Life: The Role of Work Engagement.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of work engagement, as an intermediary variable, on the relationship between self-efficacy, and job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment as individual indicators of quality of working life (QWL). A cross-sectional correlational design was utilized assessing a convenience sample of 321 nursing staff. All participants were employed in public hospitals and had more than five months of professional experience in the same hospital. Mediation analysis was performed using path analysis and bootstrapping confidence intervals (percentile-corrected). Work engagement partially mediated the relation between self-efficacy and job satisfaction, and fully mediated the relation between self-efficacy and affective organizational commitment. Self-efficacy seems to be an important predictor of QWL in nursing staff, although its effect is partially mediated (e.g., job satisfaction) or fully mediated (e.g., affective commitment) by work engagement.

Effects of Job Demand and Recovery Experience from Job Stress on Job Embeddedness among Workers in the Service Industry

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of job demand and recovery experience from job stress on job embeddedness among workers in the service industry. METHODS: The participants were 223 workers from the service industry in P and Y Cities with the help of a structured self-report questionnaire, administered between July 10 and August 20, 2017. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: There were significant differences in job embeddedness in terms of satisfaction with salary, continuous service, perceived stress level and the perceived health status of the subjects. There were significant positive correlations between role clarification in job demands (r=.55), recovery experience from job stress (r=.27) and job embeddedness. From the multiple regression analysis, the most significant factors affecting job embeddedness were found to be role clarification in job demands (β=.47), recovery experience from job stress (β=.23), and perceived stress level (β=.18). These variables explain 34.0 % of the total variance in job embeddedness. CONCLUSION: In order to increase job embeddedness among workers in the service industry, it is necessary to prepare measures to increase recovery experience from job stress and to decrease role clarificationin job demand, and perceived stress level.

Organizational commitment, psychometric qualities and invariance of the Meyer and Allen Questionnaire for Portuguese Nurses / Commitment organizacional, qualidades psicométricas e invariância do questionário de Meyer e Allen em enfermeiros portugueses / Compromiso organizacional, cualidades psicométricas e invarianza del cuestionario de Meyer y Allen para enfermeros portugueses

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the psychometric qualities of the Portuguese version of the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire for the nursing context, through confirmatory analysis and invariance, aiming to evaluate the reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and external validity of the instrument. Method: confirmatory factor analysis of the Portuguese version of the questionnaire was carried out with a sample of 850 nurses, in hospital context. The analysis was complemented using specification search. Goodness of fit was evaluated through different indices. Reliability, internal consistency and construct validity were estimated. The invariance of the model was evaluated in two subsamples of the same sample, in order to confirm the external validity of the factorial solution. Results: the refined model demonstrated good overall fit (χ2/df=6.37; CFI=0.91; GFI=0.92; RMSEA=0.08; MECVI=0.62). The factorial structure was stable (λ:Δχ2(14)=18.31; p=0;193; Intercepts: Δχ2(14)=22.29; p=0.073; Covariance: Δχ2(3)=6.01; p=0.111; Residuals: Δχ2(15)=22.44; p=0.097). Conclusion: the simplified model of the questionnaire demonstrated adequate goodness of fit, representing a stable factorial solution. The instrument was fit to monitor and evaluate the organizational commitment of Portuguese nurses.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as qualidades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do Questionário de Comprometimento Organizacional, para o contexto da enfermagem, através de análise confirmatória e de invariância, visando a confiabilidade, consistência interna, validade de construto e a validade externa do instrumento. Método: procedeu-se à análise fatorial confirmatória da versão portuguesa do questionário, numa amostra de 850 enfermeiros, em contexto hospitalar. Complementou-se a análise com recurso à pesquisa de especificação. A qualidade de ajustamento foi avaliada através de diferentes índices. Estimou-se a confiabilidade, consistência interna e validade de construto. A invariância do modelo foi avaliada em duas subamostras, da amostra global, por forma a confirmar a validade externa da solução fatorial. Resultados: O modelo obtido após refinamento demonstrou bom ajustamento global (χ2/df=6,37; CFI=0,91; GFI=0,92; RMSEA=0,08; MECVI=0,62). A estrutura fatorial revelou-se estável (λ:Δχ2(14)=18,31; p=0,193; Interceptos: Δχ2(14)=22,29; p=0,073; Covariância: Δχ2(3)=6,01; p=0,111; Resíduos: Δχ2(15)=22,44; p=0,097). Conclusão: o modelo simplificado do questionário revelou boa qualidade de ajustamento, apresentando uma solução fatorial estável. O instrumento revelou-se ajustado para monitorizar e avaliar o comprometimento organizacional dos enfermeiros portugueses.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión portuguesa del Cuestionario de Compromiso Organizacional para el contexto de enfermería a través del análisis de confirmación e invarianza, para evaluar la fiabilidad, la consistencia interna, la validez de constructo y la validez externa del instrumento. Método: se procedió a un análisis factorial confirmatorio de la versión en portugués del cuestionario, con una muestra de 850 enfermeros en el ámbito hospitalario y se complementó el análisis con un recurso a la investigación de especificación. La calidad del ajuste se evaluó a través de diferentes índices. Se estimó la confiabilidad, la consistencia interna y la validez de constructo. La invarianza del modelo fue evaluada en dos sub-muestras de la muestra global, para confirmar la validez externa de la solución factorial. Resultados: el modelo obtenido tras el refinamiento demostró un buen ajuste global (χ2/df=6,37; CFI=0,91; GFI=0,92; RMSEA=0,08; MECVI=0,62). La estructura factorial reveló estable (λ:Δχ2(14)=18,31; p=0,193; Interceptos: Δχ2(14)=22,29; p=0,073; Covariancia: Δχ2(3)=6,01; p=0,111, Residuos: Δχ2(15)=22,44; p=0,097). Conclusión: el modelo simplificado del cuestionario demostró una buena calidad de ajuste, presentando una solución factorial estable. El instrumento resultó estar ajustado para monitorear y evaluar el compromiso de la organización de los enfermeros portugueses.

Relationship Between Job Characteristics and Organizational Commitment: A Descriptive Analytical Study.

BACKGROUND: Many factors influence the organizational commitment of employees. One of these factors is job designing since it affects the attitude, beliefs, and feelings of the organization employees. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the relationship between job characteristics and organizational commitment among the employees of hospitals. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this descriptive and correlational study, 152 Iranian employees of the hospitals (physicians, nurses, and administrative staff) were selected through stratified random sampling. Data gathered using 3-part questionnaire of "demographic information", "job characteristics model," and "organizational commitment," in 2011. Study data were analyzed using SPSS v. 16. RESULTS: There was significant statistical correlation between organizational commitment and variables of educational level (P = 0.001) and job category (P = 0.001). Also, a direct and significant correlation existed between motivating potential score and job feedback on one hand and organizational commitment on the other hand (P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, managers of the hospitals should increase staff's commitment through paying attention to proper job designing.

Empenhamento organizacional de enfermeiros e relação com a chefia / Nurses’ organizational commitment and relationship with supervisor / Compromiso con la organización de enfermeros y su relación con el supervisor

Os gestores das organizações, em particular das organizações de saúde, devem compreender os seus colaboradores. Vários autores consideram a necessidade de compreender as diferentes formas que o empenhamento pode assumir e as condições que levaram ao seu desenvolvimento. Na presente investigação utilizou-se um questionário aplicado, em 2011, a uma amostra de 418 enfermeiros dum Centro Hospitalar em Portugal. O estudo efetuado é de natureza quantitativa, descritivo e correlacional e teve como objectivo conhecer o empenhamento na organização - afetivo, normativo e instrumental - dos enfermeiros a exercer funções num centro hospitalar, e se este se relaciona com variáveis pessoais e relativas à chefia. Os resultados apontam alguma diferença nos níveis de empenhamento em função do grupo etário e do sexo e evidenciam a correlação entre o empenhamento na organização e a relação com a chefia. Os enfermeiros com relação mais favorável com a chefia empenham-se mais na organização onde trabalham.

The managers of organizations, particularly healthcare organizations, must understand their employees. Several authors consider the need to understand the different forms it can take on the commitment and the conditions that led to its development. This study used a questionnaire in 2011, a sample of 418 nurses from a hospital center in Portugal. Is quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and aims to meet the organizational commitment - affective, normative and instrumental - of nurses to exercise the functions in a hospital center, and if it relates to personal variables and on the supervisor. The results indicate a difference in the levels of commitment depending on age group and sex, and show the correlation between organizational commitment and the relationship with the supervisor. The nurses in relation to the more favorable relationship with the supervisor, have more organizational commitment.

Los gestores de las organizaciones, especialmente las organizaciones de salud, deben entender a sus empleados. Algunos autores consideran la necesidad de comprender las diferentes formas que puede asumir el compromiso y las condiciones que llevaron a su desarrollo. Se utilizó un cuestionario, en el año 2011, aplicado a una muestra de 418 enfermeros de un centro hospitalario en Portugal. El estudio es cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional, cuyo objetivo fue avaluar el compromiso en la organización - afetivo, normativo, instrumental - del ejercicio de las funciones de los enfermeros en un centro hospitalario, y si se relaciona con variables personales y relativas alsupervisor. Los resultados indican una diferencia en los niveles de compromiso según la edad y el sexo y muestran la correlación entre el compromiso en la organización y la relación con el supervisor. Los enfermeros con la relación con lo supervisor más favorable son más comprometidos con la organización.

Organização e trabalho: padrões de comprometimento dos profissionais que atuam na estratégia saúde da família / Organization and work: commitment patterns of professionals performing in the family health strategy / Organización y trabajo: estándares de comprometimiento de los profesionales que actúan en la estrategia salud familiar

Compreender os vínculos com o trabalho e a organização empregadora, além de apontar as implicações para a estruturação do indivíduo, seu desenvolvimento e seu comportamento, estão entre os desafios nesta área do conhecimento. Este estudo investigou o comprometimento com a organização e o trabalho dos profissionais da Estratégia de Saúde da Família em uma Gerência Regional de Saúde em Santa Catarina entre 2005 e 2007. Objetivou identificar os padrões de comprometimento com a organização e o trabalho desenvolvido e explorar os fatores explicativos para os padrões de compromisso encontrados. A população, composta de médicos, enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem e odontólogos, totalizou 347 profissionais, com amostra de 252 sujeitos, 72,62% da população. O instrumento englobou variáveis preditoras dos vínculos, além das medidas destes construtos. Os dados processados e analisados possibilitaram distinguir seis padrões: duplamente comprometidos e descomprometidos, comprometidos unilateralmente com a organização e o trabalho, descomprometidos com a organização e o trabalho. Como variáveis explicativas, identificaram-se as organizacionais, como as políticas de recursos humanos e as do trabalho como feedback, expectativas alcançadas, variedade de habilidades, dentre outras, variando segundo os padrões identificados. Foi evidenciada a precarização do trabalho pela associação entre o vínculo empregatício e a díade de comprometimento.

Understanding the relations with the work and employing organization besides indicating the implications for the structure formation, development and behavior of the individual are among the challenges in this field of knowledge. This study investigated the commitment with the organization and work (commitment dyad) of professionals from the family health strategy at a regional health management in santa catarina between 2005 and 2007. It aimed at identifying the commitment patterns with the organization and developed work and exploring the explicable factors for the commitment patterns found. the population comprised physicians, nurses, technicians and nursing assistants and dentists totaling 347 professionals and a sampling of 252 subjects, representing 72,62% of the population. The instrument comprised variables featuring the relations besides the measures of these constructs. The processed and analyzed data evidenced six patterns: doubly committed and non-committed, unilaterally committed with the organization and work, non-committed with the organization and work. The identified explicable variables were the organizational ones like human resources policies and the work ones like feedback, met expectancies, variety of abilities among others varying according to the identified patterns. the precariousness of the work was evidenced due to the association between the employment relation and the commitment dyad.

Understanding the relations with the work and employing organization besides indicating the implications for the structure formation, development and behavior of the individual are among the challenges in this field of knowledge. This study investigated the commitment with the organization and work (commitment dyad) of professionals from the family health strategy at a regional health management in santa catarina between 2005 and 2007. It aimed at identifying the commitment patterns with the organization and developed work and exploring the explicable factors for the commitment patterns found. the population comprised physicians, nurses, technicians and nursing assistants and dentists totaling 347 professionals and a sampling of 252 subjects, representing 72,62% of the population. The instrument comprised variables featuring the relations besides the measures of these constructs. The processed and analyzed data evidenced six patterns: doubly committed and non-committed, unilaterally committed with the organization and work, non-committed with the organization and work. The identified explicable variables were the organizational ones like human resources policies and the work ones like feedback, met expectancies, variety of abilities among others varying according to the identified patterns. the precariousness of the work was evidenced due to the association between the employment relation and the commitment dyad.

The Relationship between Job Characteristics and Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention in Emergency Department Nurses / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the relationship of emergency department(ED) nurse's job characteristics, organizational commitment and turnover intention. METHOD: This study was conducted through a survey of 171 nurses from ED in nine general hospitals of B and U cities. The data were collected by self-report questionnaires and analyzed with the SPSS WIN 17.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The mean score for job characteristics was 3.37. Job characteristics according to position, number days night duty, and monthly income showed significant differences. Turnover intention according to age, total career, and monthly income showed significant differences. A significant positive correlation was found between job characteristics and organizational commitment. Significant negative correlations were found between job characteristics and turnover intention, organizational commitment and turnover intention were found. The significant factors influencing turnover intention were organizational commitment, monthly income, and total career, which explained 27.6% of the variance. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that nurse managers should analyze the reasons for high turnover intention, focusing on the main factors affecting turnover intention and consider solutions for decreasing turnover intention.

The Mediator Effect of Empowerment in Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to determine the mediator or moderator role of empowerment in the relationship between the head nurse's transformational leadership and organizational commitment as perceived by staff nurses. METHODS: Data was collected from 451 nurses in a tertiary hospital located in B city by means of structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchial multiple regression using the SPSS program. RESULTS: Empowerment showed mediating effects between the head nurse's transformational leadership and organizational commitment as perceived by staff nurses. However, empowerment did not show moderating effects. CONCLUSION: Nurses' perception of empowerment, the head nurse's transformational leadership and organizational commitment have a strong relationship. This finding suggests the importance of empowering nurses to increase organizational commitment.