Therapist self-compassion and compassion fatigue: the mediating role of resilience / Autocompasión del terapeuta y fatiga de la compasión: el papel mediador de la resiliencia

Las exigencias impuestas a los profesionales que trabajan con problemas psicológicos pueden resultar en un riesgo de agotamiento (Yang & Hayes, 2020). El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el posible papel de la resiliencia como variable mediadora en la relación entre autocompasión y fatiga por compasión, burnout y satisfacción por compasión. Se utilizó un diseño de estudio descriptivo transversal. En el estudio participaron sesenta y cinco psicólogos clínicos (50 mujeres y 15 hombres) con edades comprendidas entre 23 y 71 años (M = 33.8, SD = 10.8). Los terapeutas completaron la Escala de Autocompasión, la Escala de Resiliencia de 14 ítems y la Escala de Calidad de Vida Profesional. Se probaron modelos de mediación simples separados para examinar en qué medida cada una de las variables de la escala de Resiliencia atenuó la relación entre Autocompasión y Calidad de Vida Profesional. Se realizaron modelos seriales de mediadores múltiples para explorar si las variables de resiliencia actuaban interactivamente como mediadores en la asociación entre la autocompasión y la calidad de vida profesional. Los análisis de mediación simples mostraron que la competencia personal fue un mediador parcial significativo en la relación entre la autocompasión y la satisfacción por la compasión y el agotamiento. La competencia personal y la aceptación de uno mismo y de la vida no fueron mediadores significativos de la relación entre la autocompasión y el estrés traumático secundario.(AU)

The demands placed on professionals working with psychologi-cal problems can result in a risk of burnout (Yang & Hayes, 2020). The ob-jective of this study was to analyze the possible role of resilience as a medi-ator variable in the relationship between self-compassion and compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Sixty-five clinical psychologists (50 women and 15 men) aged between 23 and 71 years (M= 33.8, SD= 10.8) participated in the study. The therapists completed the Self-Compassion Scale, the 14-Item Resilience Scale, and the Professional Quality of Life Scale. Separate simple mediation models were tested to examine the extent to which each of the Resilience scale variables attenuated the relationship between Self-compassion and Professional Quality of Life. Serial multiple mediator models were performed to explore whether Resilience variables acted in-teractively as mediators in the association between Self-compassion and Professional Quality of Life. Simple mediation analyses showed that Per-sonal Competence was a significant partial mediator in the relationship be-tween Self-Compassion and Compassion Satisfaction and Burnout. Per-sonal Competence and Acceptance of Self and Life were not significant mediators of the relationship between Self-Compassion and Secondary Traumatic Stress.(AU)

Irrigation strengthens climate resilience: Long-term evidence from Mali using satellites and surveys.

Agriculture in the Sahel and much of sub-Saharan Africa remains to a large extent rainfed. At the same time, climate change is already causing less predictable rainfall patterns in the region, even as rising temperatures increase the amount of water needed for agricultural production. We assess to what extent irrigation can strengthen the climate resilience of farming communities. Our study sample consists of nearly 1,000 distinct locations in Mali in which small-scale, river-based irrigation was introduced over the past two decades, as weather conditions worsened and political upheaval erupted. Using the staggered roll-out of the irrigation and repeated observations over 20 years allows us to compare the pre- and postirrigation outcomes of locations while adjusting for confounding factors. We geospatially link data on irrigation interventions with agricultural conditions measured using satellite imagery and surveys, as well as child nutrition and health outcomes and conflict event data. Using a two-way fixed effects model to quasi-experimentally estimate counterfactual outcomes, we find that the introduction of irrigation led to substantial increases in agricultural production on supported fields, with these gains persisting even a decade later. Children in nearby communities are less likely to be stunted or wasted due to the irrigation, and conflict risks decrease in the closest communities. Some of these gains are offset by worsening conditions farther away from the newly installed irrigation. These findings suggest that, even with political conflicts in semi-arid areas already increasing, sustainable irrigation may offer a valuable tool to improve communities' long-term well-being and social cohesion.

Investigating the socioeconomic impacts of sewage spillages on businesses in the Umhlanga Rocks coastline area.

Sewage spillage is fast becoming a significant concern in South Africa because of the deteriorating infrastructure and substandard service delivery. Thus, this study investigated the socioeconomic impacts of sewage spillages on businesses in the Umhlanga Rocks coastline area. A questionnaire with open and closed-ended questions was used to collect data from business owners in the affected area. One hundred business owners were handed questionnaires to complete, and 95 completed questionnaires were collected. The qualitative data from the questionnaires were analysed using thematic analysis, whereby line-by-line coding was manually completed using Excel. The quantitative data were analysed in R studio using numerous statistical tests, including the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Chi-square test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test, and Cohen's d test. The thematic analysis and statistical testing results showed that sewage spillages disrupted businesses significantly. Results indicated that businesses of different sizes experienced socioeconomic losses differently. Consequently, the results of this study have implications for business owners and communities living in the affected area. Moreover, findings have revealed practical strategies and interventions that may be used by micro- to medium-scale businesses to mitigate the socioeconomic impact of sewage spillages. Contribution: The practical strategies revealed in this study contribute to reducing the vulnerability of communities and businesses to sewage spillages. Findings of the study have also been disseminated to the business owners and other relevant stakeholders to provide them with alternative solutions in 'softening the blow' caused by the spillages.

Association between sports participation and resilience in school-attending students: a cross-sectional study.

Aim: This research sought to identify the association between sports participation and resilience in children and adolescents as a means to enhance mental health. Methods: A comprehensive survey was carried out, encompassing primary, middle, and high school students from chosen educational institutions. The analytical sample comprised 67,281 students of school age. Sports participation and resilience were evaluated using validated assessment tools, while relevant covariates, such as sex and school grade, were assessed through self-reported questionnaires. Generalized Linear Models were applied to ascertain the association between sports participation and resilience for the entire sample, and separately for subgroups divided by gender or school grade, after controlling for covariates. Results: Among the 67,281 school students, males constituted 51.9% of the sample. Approximately 47.1% of the entire sample reported no sports participation, and the average resilience score was 24.7. The regression model analysis revealed that, in the entire sample, increased in sports participation was linked to higher resilience scores (odds ratio [OR] for 1-3 times per month: 1.20, 95%CI: 1.16-1.24; OR for 1-2 times per week: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.33-1.43; OR for 3 times or more per week: 1.72, 95%CI: 1.65-1.79). Analyses stratified by gender and school grade indicated that sports participation was consistently associated with greater resilience. Conclusion: This study provides cross-sectional evidence supporting the positive association between sports participation and the resilience of children and adolescents, underscoring the potential of encouraging sports participation as a strategy for promoting mental health resilience. The findings presented herein should be subject to further confirmation or refutation in future research endeavors.

The effects of aromatherapy on the mood state and resilience of pregnant women: A clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy has always been associated with rapid physiological, emotional, and social changes that can cause mothers' stress and anxiety, eventually leading to psychological effects. Therefore, resilience and knowing how to deal with stress during pregnancy are of great importance. As a result, this study aimed to investigate the effects of aromatherapy on pregnant women's mood and resilience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical trial study was conducted on 70 pregnant women in 2021. Participants were randomly selected from Isfahan's health centers and then divided into two groups. A handkerchief sprinkled with orange blossom essential oil was given to the experimental group to inhale for an hour, three times a week for a month. However, the control group received only the usual care. The mood state and resilience of the participants were evaluated before the intervention, immediately after, and also one month after the intervention. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPPS) 24.0, independent-samples t-test, Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: According to the results, the score of mood state in the experimental group was 60/97±14/26 before the intervention, 40/97±14/30 immediately after receiving the intervention, and 49/86±11/78 one month after the intervention. These findings indicated that the score of mood state in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0/05). Moreover, the mean score of resilience in the experimental group was 60/83±13/02 before the intervention, 66/54±7/85 immediately after receiving the intervention, and 62/80±8/07 one month after the intervention. The results showed that the mean score of this variable was significantly higher in the experimental group compared with the control group immediately after the intervention and insignificantly higher than the control group one month after the intervention. CONCLUSION: Aromatherapy with orange blossom oil can enhance mothers' mood state and resilience during the third trimester. As a result, orange blossom oil can be used as a complementary therapy.

Factors influencing self-regulatory fatigue in patients undergoing chemotherapy for gynecologic cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To understand the current status of self-regulatory fatigue among gynecologic cancer chemotherapy patients and explore influencing factors. Methods: Using convenient sampling, a total of 232 gynecological cancer chemotherapy patients from two tertiary hospitals in Zhengzhou, Henan, China, were selected as study subjects from February 2023 to April 2023. General information questionnaire, Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale (SRF-S), Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) Scale, Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) were employed for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were executed to explore the correlates of self-regulatory fatigue, the significance level (α) was set at 0.05. Results: The self-regulatory fatigue score of the 232 patients was 44 (36, 56). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed significant associations, demonstrating that residing in urban areas (OR=0.241, P=0.015), having no comorbidities (OR=0.158, P=0.015), increased perceived social support (OR=0.937, P=0.001), strong self-efficacy (OR=0.959, P=0.021), and heightened psychological resilience (OR=0.895, P<0.001) acted as protective factors against self-regulatory fatigue (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients residing in rural areas, having more than two comorbidities, lower self-efficacy and psychological resilience levels, and lower perceived social support are indicative of higher levels of self-regulatory fatigue. Identifying these influencing factors can provide references and support for developing individualized support and intervention measures to improve patients' physical and mental well-being.

Telephone follow-up based on empowerment theory to improve resilience and quality of life among patients after coronary artery stent implantation: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Coronary heart disease has a high incidence rate, a high mortality rate, a high recurrence rate, and a high medical cost. In addition, some patients need to undergo percutaneous coronary artery stent implantation (CASI), which is a kind of traumatic treatment. Patients can easily experience negative emotions such as anxiety and depression after surgery, which seriously affects quality of life. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an empowerment-based telephone follow-up intervention on resilience and quality of life in patients who underwent CASI. Design: The design of the study is a randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 92 patients were recruited after CASI from the Internal Medicine Cardiovascular Department of a Grade A tertiary hospital in Xi'an, China. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group. The control group performed routine care, whereas the intervention group developed a telephone follow-up program based on empowerment theory while carrying out routine care. Patients were investigated using the coronary heart disease-related knowledge questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) to compare the effects of the intervention before and after 1 month of intervention. Results: After a 1-month telephone follow-up intervention based on the empowerment theory for patients after CASI, the variations in knowledge related to coronary heart disease and all of its subscale scores were greater in the intervention group than in the control group. Except for the three dimensions of risk factor, induction factor, and rehabilitation-related knowledge, the variations in knowledge related to coronary heart disease and the other subscale scores were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). The variations in resilience and scores on the three subscales in the intervention group were greater than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The variations in the quality of life and overall health, emotional functions, and social functions were significantly greater in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A telephone follow-up intervention based on the empowerment theory can effectively improve the resilience and quality of life of patients after CASI. This follow-up approach can provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for hospitals and communities to carry out targeted continuing nursing for patients after CASI. The long-term effects of the intervention and its underlying mechanisms require further study. Clinical trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=173682, identifier ChiCTR2200064950.

The application of innovative ecosystems to build resilient communities in response to major public health events.

In recent years, major public health events have had a significant and far-reaching impact on communities. As a response, there has been an increasing interest in enhancing community resilience through innovative ecosystems that involve diverse stakeholders with varying needs and demands. This study investigates the application of innovative ecosystems to improve community resilience in the face of major public health events by utilizing a sequential game approach to balance the interests of government, community, and residents. Subsequently, a comprehensive questionnaire survey was conducted among key stakeholders to ascertain their objectives, requirements and concerns for the innovation ecosystem based on the analysis results of the game model. The reliability and effectiveness of the proposed research method were verified through the analysis and verification of the sequence game model and questionnaire survey results. Finally, according to our analysis results, we propose countermeasures for promoting innovative ecosystems to improve community resilience. The research results indicate that the successful implementation of innovative ecosystems requires consideration of the different needs of stakeholders such as government officials, community members, and residents. Combining these perspectives can effectively promote such systems while enhancing the community's resilience to major public health events.

Sexual Orientation, Health, and Well-Being in Spanish People.

Although several studies have found disparities in health outcomes between heterosexual and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB)-identifying individuals, few studies have focused on subjective well-being and protective factors for health and well-being. The purpose of this work is twofold: (1) to examine the relevance of sexual orientation to health and well-being in women and men; (2) to identify protective and risk factors for psychological distress, self-rated health, and well-being for gay men, lesbian women, bisexual women and men, and heterosexual women and men. The sample consisted of 908 women and 586 men from the general Spanish population aged 16-64, half of whom identified themselves as LGB and half as heterosexual. All were assessed using eight questionnaires and inventories. The results showed that differences varied depending on the health indicator considered. In general, bisexuals had the poorest health, with lower self-rated health and lower self-esteem. In all groups, self-esteem was a protective factor against psychological distress and was associated with better health and well-being. To a lesser extent, social support served as a protective factor against psychological distress and was associated with greater well-being in all groups. It is concluded that although sexual orientation is relevant to the health and well-being of individuals, there are differences among sexual minorities, with bisexuals having lower self-esteem than homosexuals.

A chain mediation model reveals the association between family sense of coherence and quality of life in caregivers of advanced cancer patients.

Caregivers of advanced cancer patients face challenges impacting their quality of life (QoL). While evidence suggests that family sense of coherence (FSOC) can enhance individual psychological well-being and reduce distress symptoms, the precise mechanism through which FSOC improves caregivers' QoL remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationships among FSOC, psychological resilience, psychological distress, and QoL in primary caregivers of advanced cancer patients. A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken from June 2020 to March 2021 across five tertiary hospitals in China. Instruments included a general characteristic questionnaire, the Family Sense of Coherence Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the 8-item SF-8 health survey. Pearson's correlation and chain mediation analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (version 21) and PROCESS macro (version 3.4). Out of 290 valid questionnaires, results demonstrated that FSOC directly and positively influences caregivers' QoL. Psychological distress partially mediated the FSOC-QoL association, with paths "FSOC-psychological distress-QoL" and "FSOC-psychological resilience-psychological distress-QoL" contributing 43.08% and 6.72% of the total effect, respectively. Furthermore, this study distinguished physical and mental aspects of QoL, confirming both conform to the chain mediation model. FSOC impacts caregivers' QoL directly and indirectly through the mediation of psychological distress and the chain mediation effect of "psychological resilience-psychological distress". These insights enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between FSOC and QoL, underscoring the potential benefits of bolstering FSOC to strengthen caregiver resilience, alleviate distress, and ultimately elevate their QoL.

Heat-Stress Impacts on Developing Bovine Oocytes: Unraveling Epigenetic Changes, Oxidative Stress, and Developmental Resilience.

Extreme temperature during summer may lead to heat stress in cattle and compromise their productivity. It also poses detrimental impacts on the developmental capacity of bovine budding oocytes, which halt their fertility. To mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress, it is necessary to investigate the mechanisms through which it affects the developmental capacity of oocytes. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the impact of heat stress on the epigenetic modifications in bovine oocytes and embryos, as well as on oocyte developmental capacity, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, transzonal projections, and gene expression levels. Our results showed that heat stress significantly reduced the expression levels of the epigenetic modifications from histone H1, histone H2A, histone H2B, histone H4, DNA methylation, and DNA hydroxymethylation at all stages of the oocyte and embryo. Similarly, heat stress significantly reduced cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, oocyte mitochondrial-membrane potential level, adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) level, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and transzonal projection level. It was also found that heat stress affected mitochondrial distribution in oocytes and significantly increased reactive oxygen species, apoptosis levels and mitochondrial autophagy levels. Our findings suggest that heat stress significantly impacts the expression levels of genes related to oocyte developmental ability, the cytoskeleton, mitochondrial function, and epigenetic modification, lowering their competence during the summer season.

Family resilience and caregiver's well-being across different age groups of children with ADHD in the United States: a cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the impact of family resilience on caregiver well-being across various age groups of children diagnosed with ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) groups (0-5, 6-11, and 12-17 years). METHODS: Utilizing secondary data from the 2022 US National Survey of Child Health, this cross-sectional study involved 2,752 children who were formally diagnosed with ADHD. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis, Spearman's rank correlation, chi-square tests, and linear regression, conducted using SPSS version 27. RESULTS: The study revealed a moderate positive correlation (r=.35, p<.001) between family resilience and caregiver well-being. Controlling for covariates, family resilience accounted for 25.2%, 21.1%, and 22.1% of caregiver well-being variance in age groups 0-5, 6-11, and 12-17 years, respectively. Additionally, factors like employment status, family structure, and caregiver age showed varying influences on caregiver well-being across these developmental stages. A consistent pattern emerged across these age groups: unemployment and non-traditional family structures were associated with negative impacts on caregiver well-being, whereas older caregiver age positively influenced well-being. CONCLUSION: This research underscores the importance of age-specific family resilience strategies to improve caregiver well-being and family interactions in ADHD contexts. Investigating these aspects through qualitative studies across various cultures could deepen our understanding of well-being and inform culturally sensitive interventions.

Health systems challenges, mitigation strategies and adaptations to maintain essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic: learnings from the six geopolitical regions in Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic control strategies disrupted the smooth delivery of essential health services (EHS) globally. Limited evidence exists on the health systems lens approach to analyzing the challenges encountered in maintaining EHS during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify the health system challenges encountered and document the mitigation strategies and adaptations made across geopolitical zones (GPZs) in Nigeria. METHODS: The national qualitative survey of key actors across the six GPZs in Nigeria involved ten states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) which were selected based on resilience, COVID-19 burden and security considerations. A pre-tested key informant guide was used to collect data on service utilization, changes in service utilization, reasons for changes in primary health centres' (PHCs) service volumes, challenges experienced by health facilities in maintaining EHS, mitigation strategies implemented and adaptations to service delivery. Emerging sub-themes were categorized under the appropriate pillars of the health system. RESULTS: A total of 22 respondents were interviewed. The challenges experienced in maintaining EHS cut across the pillars of the health systems including: Human resources shortage, shortages in the supply of personal protective equipments, fear of contracting COVID-19 among health workers misconception, ignorance, socio-cultural issues, lockdown/transportation and lack of equipment/waiting area (. The mitigation strategies included improved political will to fund health service projects, leading to improved accessibility, affordability, and supply of consumables. The health workforce was motivated by employing, redeploying, training, and incentivizing. Service delivery was reorganized by rescheduling appointments and prioritizing some EHS such as maternal and childcare. Sustainable systems adaptations included IPC and telehealth infrastructure, training and capacity building, virtual meetings and community groups set up for sensitization and engagement. CONCLUSION: The mitigation strategies and adaptations implemented were important contributors to EHS recovery especially in the high resilience LGAs and have implications for future epidemic preparedness plans.

Investigating family resilience factors for enhancing family adaptation in children with epilepsy.

PURPOSE: To identify and understand the key family resilience factors that contribute to the improved family adaptation of children with epilepsy. METHODS: Parent of children with epilepsy treated in the outpatient unit and general ward at Severance Children's Hospital in Seoul, Korea, completed a structured online questionnaire between April and May 2023. This study examined risk (epilepsy severity, time since diagnosis, parental depression, and perceived stigma) and protective factors (child temperament, epilepsy knowledge, family communication skills, parent's educational level, monthly household income, and social support) of family adaptation based on Patterson's Family Resilience Model. Furthermore, general characteristics such as daily caregiving time, perceived parental health, family type, and primary caregiver role were analyzed. RESULTS: This study included 131 participants with a mean age of 41.79 ± 5.77 years, with children having an average age of 9.19 ± 4.94 years. The regression model was significant, and revealed the impact of communication skills, social support, and primary caregivers other than parents. Moreover, a shorter time since diagnosis has a more positive impact on family adaptation. CONCLUSIONS: To improve family adaptation in children with epilepsy, the focus should be placed on improving communication skills, increasing social support, and providing access to external support services. Furthermore, families expecting longer illness duration require proactive measures to support them. These findings could guide future strategies to enhance adaptation in families with children with epilepsy.

Psychological Resilience and Hardiness as Protective Factors in the Relationship Between Depression/Anxiety and Well-Being: Exploratory and Confirmatory Evidence.

Previous research shows depression and anxiety are negatively correlated with subjective well-being. Additionally, there is evidence psychological resilience positively influences well-being. The present study explored whether the relationship between depression/anxiety and subjective well-being might also be moderated by aspects of psychological resilience - such that depression and anxiety do not reduce well-being to the same extent in individuals high in psychological resilience traits. Participants from an exploratory sample (N = 236, Mage = 23.49) and confirmatory sample (N = 196, Mage = 24.99) completed self-report measures of depression, anxiety, well-being, resilience, and hardiness (i.e., CDRISC and DRS-15). As expected, results showed strong negative correlations between anxiety/depression and both well-being and resilience/hardiness, as well as positive correlations between well-being and resilience/hardiness. A significant interaction was also present between both resilience/hardiness and depression/anxiety in predicting well-being in the first sample. Results partially replicated in the confirmatory sample (i.e., for hardiness but not resilience). These findings add to prior work by highlighting hardiness (as measured by the DRS-15), one aspect of psychological resilience, as an important protective factor in mental health. Namely, results suggest individuals with symptoms of affective disorders may remain capable of living subjectively fulfilling lives if they possess traits of psychological resilience such as hardiness.

Economic and environmental benefits of natural treatment systems for sewage treatment: A life cycle perspective.

Sewage treatment involves a trade-off of land vs. energy and the location of installing Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) strongly impacts the decisions regarding treatment technologies. In the wake of rapid urbanization, deteriorating freshwater quality and water scarcity, it is crucial to plan adequate and low-cost sewerage infrastructure that can improve the quality of life in rural and urban areas. The present work involves a novel life cycle analysis through six scenarios generated from a holistic perspective that can aid urban planners and urban local bodies in planning the sewage treatment facilities in their cities, towns or villages. Instead of planning sewerage infrastructure for a long-term period of thirty years, it is suggested to create and operate the STPs only for the upcoming decade. Further, owing to the drawbacks of mechanized and natural treatment systems, adopting a mix of these treatment approaches in planning infrastructure is suggested and the benefits of implementing the same are quantified and discussed. Implementing these strategies results in almost 30 % cost savings and 40 % reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, hence, investing in land for natural treatment systems is suggested instead of incurring heavy electricity bills for mechanized treatment systems. The land cost significantly affects the decision-making regarding treatment technology selection; hence, the variation in the life cycle cost of different sewage treatment approaches is assessed for varying land rates in India.

Exploring the differential effects of psychological resilience and social support in mitigating post-traumatic psychiatric symptoms: real-world network analysis of front-line rescuers.

BACKGROUND: Although both psychological resilience and social support are widely believed to be effective in alleviating post-traumatic psychiatric symptoms in individuals with traumatic events, there has been a lack of comparative analysis of their intervention effects on different post-traumatic psychiatric symptoms. Furthermore, previous studies have mostly failed to control for potential confounding effects caused by different traumatic events. AIMS: We used the novel network analysis approach to examine the differential moderating effects of psychological resilience and social support on post-traumatic psychiatric symptoms, controlling for the confounding effects of traumatic events. METHOD: We recruited 264 front-line rescuers who experienced the same traumatic event. Quantified edge weights and bridge expected influence (BEI) were applied to compare the alleviating effects of psychological resilience and social support. RESULTS: Our study revealed distinct correlations in a sample of front-line rescuers: social support negatively correlates more with psychosomatic symptoms, notably fatigue in depressive networks and sleep disturbance in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) networks, whereas psychological resilience shows fewer such correlations. Quantitative analysis using BEI indicated that psychological resilience more effectively suppresses depressive and anxiety symptom networks, whereas social support more significantly inhibits PTSD symptom networks. CONCLUSIONS: The current study represents the first attempt to examine the differential effects of psychological resilience and social support on post-traumatic outcomes in real-world emergency rescuers, controlling for the confounding effect of traumatic events. Our results can act as the theoretical reference for future precise and efficient post-trauma psychological interventions.

Factors Contributing to the Resilience of Sub-Saharan African Widows: A Scoping Review.

This scoping review aims to synthesize the factors contributing to the resilience of African widows, a topic that has been overlooked. This oversight is concerning, considering the substantial population of African widows, as well as the increasing number of young widows in Africa. We conducted a comprehensive search across various databases (including Academic Search Complete, Africa-wide, PsycARTICLES, PsychINFO, Humanities Sources Worldwide, Proquest, Pubmed, Scopus, Wiley Online, and Taylor & Francis) to identify studies of the resilience of widows living in Africa. From an initial pool of 124 records, we carefully evaluated 19 papers for inclusion. Employing a narrative synthesis approach, we synthesized the findings from the eight selected studies. This analysis revealed that the resilience of African widows is a multifaceted socio-ecological process, primarily facilitated by personal and relational resilience factors. Notably, there is a limited emphasis on the role of cultural resources, which may be attributed to the prevalence of dehumanizing cultural practices experienced by African widows. In conclusion, our findings underscore the need for greater attention to macrosystemic resources, including culturally supportive practices, to bolster the resilience of African widows.

Validation of the Disaster Adaptation and Resilience Scale for Vulnerable Communities in Vietnam's Coastal Regions.

Objective: This study validated the Vietnamese version of the Disaster Adaptation and Resilience Scale (DARS) for use in vulnerable communities in Vietnam. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 595 adults from 2 identified communities. The original DARS assessment tool was translated, and the validity and reliability of the Vietnamese version of DARS (V-DARS) were assessed. The internal consistency of the overall scale and its subscales was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega reliability coefficients. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to evaluate its construct validity, building upon the factor structure identified in exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Construct validity was assessed based on convergent and discriminant validity. Results: Following the established criteria for EFA, 8 items were removed, resulting in a refined V-DARS structure comprising 35 items distributed across 5 distinct factors. Both alpha and omega reliability coefficients indicated strong internal consistency for the overall scale (α = .963, ω = .963) and for each of the 5 sub-scales (all > 0.80). The CFA model also retained the 5-factor structure with 35 items. The model fit indices showed acceptable values (RMSEA: 0.072; CFI: 0.912; TLI: 0.904; chi-square test: <0.01). Additionally, the convergent and discriminant validity of the V-DARS were deemed appropriate and satisfactory for explaining the measurement structure. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the V-DARS is a valid and reliable scale for use within vulnerable communities in Vietnam to assess adaptive responses to natural disasters. It may also be considered for use in other populations.

The Assessment and Response of Rehabilitation Professionals to Sudden Deterioration in Symptoms: An Analysis of the National Database in Japan.

OBJECTIVE: There are few analyses of the current status of and responses to acute deteriorations encountered by physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and speech-language pathologists (rehabilitation professions [RPs]). The purpose of this study was to analyze the responses of RPs to acute deterioration in patients using the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM) based on the descriptions in "the Medical Accident Database". METHODS: Subjects were 413 cases with medical incidents reported by RPs to the database from 2012 to 2021. Life-threatening cases with changes in consciousness, circulation, and respiration were selected. Descriptions regarding findings assessed by RPs and support team, and requests for assistance were extracted. We also attempted to construct appropriate respond in RPs by using the FRAM. RESULTS: Thirty-nine cases of acute deterioration were included in the analysis, and descriptions by RPs of consciousness (35 cases), circulation (18 cases), and respiration (36 cases) were identified. Blood pressure and percutaneous oxygen saturation measurement were frequently presented in the assessment by RPs, whereas the support team assessed cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest in high frequency. The FRAM analysis indicated that appropriate and rapid post-response by RPs requires patient information in prior, appropriate assessment and integration/interpretation. CONCLUSION: We attempted to identify problems analyzing the response by RPs to acute deterioration using the database and construct an appropriate response model. It resulted that RPs need to obtain patient information in advance and integrate/interpret it appropriately based on accurate assessment of conscious, circulation and respiration for rapid response. A model including integration/interpretation for appropriate post-response by RPs was constructed using the FRAM.