Blood pressure telemonitoring and telemedicine, a Latin America perspective.

PURPOSE: To share a Latin-American perspective of the use of telemedicine, together with blood pressure measurements outside the medical office, as a potential contribution to improving access to the health system, diagnosis, adherence, and persistence in hypertension treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A document settled by a Writing Group of Mexico Hypertension Experts Group, Interamerican Society of Hypertension, Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Prevention Council of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology, and National Cardiologist Association of Mexico. RESULTS: In almost all Latin American countries, the health sector faces two fundamental challenges: (1) ensure equitable access to quality care services in a growing population that faces an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, and (2) optimise the growing costs of health services, maintaining equity, accessibility, universality, and quality. Telehealth proposes an innovative approach to patient management, especially for chronic conditions, intending to provide remote consultation, education, and follow-up to achieve measurements and goals. It is a tool that promises to improve access, empower the patient, and somehow influence their behaviour about lifestyle changes, improving prevention and reducing complications of hypertension. The clinical practitioner has seen increased evidence that the use of out-of-office blood pressure (BP) measurement and telemedicine are helpful tools to keep patients and physicians in contact and promote better pharmacological adherence and BP control. A survey carried out by medical and scientific institutions showed that practitioners are up-to-date with telemedicine, had internet access, and had hardware availability. CONCLUSIONS: A transcendent issue is the need to make the population aware of the benefits of taking blood pressure to avoid complications of hypertension, and in this scenario, promote the creation of teleconsultation mechanisms for the follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypertension.

What is the context?In almost all Latin American countries, the health sector faces two fundamental challenges: (1) ensure equitable access to quality care services in a growing population that faces an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, and (2) optimise the growing costs of health services, maintaining equity, accessibility, universality, and quality.What is new?Telehealth proposes an innovative approach to patient management, especially for chronic conditions, intending to provide remote consultation, education, and follow-up to achieve measurements and goals. It is a tool that promises to improve access, empower the patient, and somehow influence their behaviour about lifestyle changes, improving prevention and reducing complications of hypertension.What is the impact?Needs are always infinite, and resources are finite, so according to the World Health Organisation (WHO), advances in electronic, information, and communication technology point to more significant equity in the provision of services, considering the effectiveness, possibility of refining the rationalisation of health spending, and improving health care for remote populations.A transcendent issue is the need to make the population aware of the benefits of taking blood pressure to avoid complications of hypertension, and in this scenario, promote the creation of teleconsultation mechanisms for the follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypertension.

Historia de la Sociedad-Asociación Rioplatense de Anatomía (1964-2000) / History of the Rioplatense Society-Association of Anatomy (1964-2000)

Realizamos una reseña histórica de la Sociedad-Asociación Rioplatense de Anatomía, que fue una agrupación de anatomistas argentino-uruguaya. Se consideran sus orígenes y objetivos, estructura organizativa, congresos y publicaciones. Posteriormente con el crecimiento de la anatomía en ambos países se desdobló en la Asociación Argentina de Anatomía y la Sociedad Uruguaya de Anatomía.

SUMMARY: We carry out a historical review of the Rioplatense Society-Association of Anatomy, which was a group of Argentine-Uruguayan anatomists. Its origins and objectives, organizational structure, congresses and publications are considered. Later, with the growth of anatomy in both countries, it was divided into the Argentine Association of Anatomy and the Uruguayan Society of Anatomy.

La Sociedad de Cirugía del Uruguay y la escuela quirúrgica francesa: un vínculo centenario / The Society of Surgery of Uruguay and the French surgical school: a centenary bond / A Sociedade de Cirurgia do Uruguai e a escola cirúrgica francesa: um vínculo centenário

La historia de la cirugía y de las escuelas quirúrgicas está construida sobre el conocimiento médico, pero también influenciada por las grandes corrientes de pensamiento políticas, religiosas, culturales e incluso militares de las diferentes épocas. La influencia de la cirugía francesa en la formación de la escuela quirúrgica uruguaya, a lo largo de más de un siglo ha sido determinante para establecer sus bases desde la evidencia clínica, el dominio de la anatomía, la excelencia técnica, un permanente espíritu crítico para impulsar la generación de nuevos conocimientos; todo basado una ética guiada por el máximo respeto por el paciente y su sufrimiento. El presente trabajo, analiza desde la perspectiva de la cirugía general los primeros contactos quirúrgicos durante la Guerra Grande, el inicio de la formación académica de los cirujanos uruguayos en Francia, los aspectos técnicos y las publicaciones relevantes producto de esas experiencias; así como anécdotas y amistades personales e institucionales sobre las que se fue construyendo un sólido modelo de relacionamiento científico especialmente a través de la Sociedad de Cirugía del Uruguay.

The history of surgery and surgical schools were built on the basis of medical knowledge, but also influenced by the great currents of political, religious, cultural and even military thought of the different times. The influence of the French surgical school in the development of surgery in Uruguay, for more than a century, has been decisive in establishing its pillars: clinical evidence, expertise in anatomy, technical excellence, a permanent critical analysis for promote the generation of knowledge; based on ethics principles of respect for the patient and his suffering. The present study analyzes, from the perspective of the general surgery, the first surgical contacts during the first civil war, the beginning of the academic training of Uruguayan surgeons in France, the technical aspects and the relevant publications resulting from these experiences; as well as anecdotes and personal and institutional friendships on which a solid model of scientific relationship was built, especially through the Uruguay Society of Surgery.

A história da cirurgia e das escolas cirúrgicas é construída no saber médico, mas também influenciada pelas grandes correntes do pensamento político,religioso, cultural, e até militar das diferentes épocas.A influência da cirurgia francesa na formação da escola cirúrgica uruguaia, ao longo de mais de um século, foi decisiva para estabelecer suas bases a partir de evidências clínicas, domínio da anatomia, excelência técnica, espírito crítico permanente para promover a geração de novos conhecimentos; tudo baseado em uma ética pautada no máximo respeito pelo paciente e seu sofrimento.O presente trabalho analisa, sob a ótica da cirurgia geral, os primeiros contatos cirúrgicos durante a grande guerra, o início da formação acadêmica dos cirurgiões uruguaios na França, os aspectos técnicos e as publicações relevantes resultantes dessas experiências; assim como anedotas e amizades pessoais e institucionais sobre as quais se construiu um sólido modelo de relacionamento científico, especialmente por meio da Sociedade de Cirurgia do Uruguai

45 años de la Sociedad Cubana de Ciencias Morfológicas: recuento histórico

RESUMEN En 2018 se cumplieron 45 años de labor de la Sociedad Cubana de Ciencias Morfológicas -asociación no gubernamental perteneciente al Consejo Nacional de Sociedades Científicas de la Salud en Cuba-, creada en 1973 con un nombre representativo de las especialidades que en sus inicios la componían mayormente: la Anatomía, la Histología y la Embriología. En el propio 2018, por decisión de la dirección del Consejo Nacional de Sociedades Científicas y la Dirección de Asociaciones del Ministerio de Justicia, esta desaparece. El presente artículo expone una síntesis histórica de la Sociedad Cubana de Ciencias Morfológicas.

ABSTRACT In 2018, the Cuban Society of Morphological Sciences-a non-governmental association belonging to the National Council of the Scientific Societies of Health in Cuba-completed 45 years of work; it was created in 1973 with a representative name of the specialties that at the beginning composed it mostly: Anatomy, Histology and Embryology. In 2018 itself, by decision of the board of the national Council of Scientific Societies and the Directorate of Associations of the Ministry of Justice, it disappears. The current article presents a historical synthesis of the Cuban Society of Morphological Sciences.

The importance of the Brazilian Society of Neurological Investigation (SBIN) / A importância da Sociedade Brasileira de Investigação Neurológica (SBIN)

The Brazilian Society of Neurological Research (SBIN) was founded on December 19, 2000, by a group of neurol-ogists headed by Professor Lineu César Werneck, MD, Ph.D., to promote scientific development and cultural diver-sity in neurology and neurosciences. The criteria for members' admission have always been strict, and the group reached 80% of physicians with a Ph.D. degree. However, the conditions to become a member were modified to attract more researchers, especially the younger ones, and neuroscientists from other areas of health and biology. The scientific events were the primary goal of SBIN. Eighteen editions were performed. The board and members of the SBIN recognized that the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, and the other societies that encouraged the neuro-sciences, were working to continue the exponential increase of scientific production in the neurosciences in Brazil, realizing that their purposes were fulfilled. The society was dissolved in December 2020 (AU)

A Sociedade Brasileira de Investigação Neurológica (SBIN) foi fundada em 19 de dezembro de 2000 por um grupo de neurologistas capitaneados pelo Prof. Dr. Lineu César Werneck, com a finalidade de promover o desenvolvimento científico e cultural na neurologia e nas neurociências. Os critérios de admissão de membros sempre foram rígi-dos, tendo o grupo alcançado 80% de médicos com doutorado. Entretanto, as condições para se tornar membro foram modificadas com a intenção de atrair mais pesquisadores, principalmente os mais jovens, e neurocientistas de outras áreas da saúde e da biologia. Os eventos científicos foram o objetivo maior da SBIN. Foram realizadas 18 edições. A diretoria e os membros da SBIN reconheceram que a Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, e as outras sociedades de incentivo às neurociências, estavam trabalhando para a continuidade do aumento exponencial da produção científica em ciências neurológicas no Brasil, compreendendo que seus propósitos estavam cumpridos. A sociedade se desfez em dezembro de 202 (AU)

Una dinámica alternativa del desarrollo científico investigativo desde el Capítulo de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas en Artemisa / An alternative dynamic for scientific research development from the per-spective of the Basic Biomedical Sciences Branch Section in Artemisa

Introducción: El trabajo que desarrolla el Capítulo artemiseño de la Sociedad Cubana de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas está encaminado a la formación de los recursos humanos, a mejorar la competencia y el desempeño de los asociados en su labor docente asistencial. Objetivo: Describir la contribución del Capítulo de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas de Artemisa en el desarrollo científico investigativo de sus profesionales. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva y analítica en la provincia Artemisa en el año 2019. Se trabajó con el Capítulo Provincial de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, así como la totalidad de sus asociados coincidiendo la muestra con el universo de estudio. Durante el desarrollo de la investigación se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico, del nivel empírico y del nivel matemático-estadístico. Resultados: El capítulo de Artemisa tiene una membresía de 35 afiliados: 18 médicos (51,4 por ciento), nueve licenciados en enfermería (25,7 por ciento) y ocho de otras ramas profesionales (22,8 por ciento). No se cuenta con ningún tecnólogo de la salud ni estomatólogos afiliados. En la totalidad de las actividades científicas se tuvo una participación activa y numerosa de los miembros de la sociedad y el encuentro metodológico fue la actividad científica que más se realizó. Conclusiones: El Capítulo de Artemisa potencia la calidad en la asistencia, en la formación y en la investigación desde el inicio del proceso docente-educativo hasta la formación continuada del egresado. Asimismo, constituye un pilar fundamental en la formación posgraduada por cuanto contribuye al desarrollo de habilidades docentes e investigativas en los profesionales de la salud de la provincia(AU)

Introduction: The work of the Artemisa branch section of the Cuban Society of Basic Biomedical Sciences is aimed at training human resources and improving the competence and performance of its members in their teaching and medical practice. Objective: Describe the contribution of the Basic Biomedical Sciences Branch Section in Artemisa to the scientific research development of its professionals. Methods: A descriptive analytical study was conducted in the province of Artemisa in the year 2019. The study universe and sample coincided, since all the members of the Provincial Basic Biomedical Sciences Branch Section participated in the research. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used. Results: The Artemisa Branch Section has 35 members: 18 physicians (51.4 percent), nine graduated nurses (25.7 percent) and eight professionals from other fields (22.8 percent). No health technologist or dentist is affiliated. All the scientific activities were attended by a large number of members and their participation was active. Methodological meetings were the most common type of scientific event. Conclusions: The Artemisa Branch Section fosters quality in care, training and research from the start of the teaching-learning process to the continuing education of graduates. It is likewise a fundamental pillar of graduate training, contributing to the development of teaching and research skills in the health professionals of the province(AU)

Jean Dominique Larrey and his recognition in Mexico.

The figure of Jean Dominique Larrey, military surgeon who participated in the Napoleonic wars, is analyzed. The objectives of the study are to highlight their contributions, including the creation of ambulances that allowed the injured to be given prompt assistance. Also note the post-mortem recognition that Larrey had in Mexico through an academic group founded by the surgeon Francisco Montes de Oca y Saucedo. The facts cited show the progress of military surgery, its institutionalization and professionalization as well as the communication and updating of knowledge in one and another continent.

Se analiza la figura de Jean Dominique Larrey, cirujano militar que participó en las guerras napoleónicas. Los objetivos de estudio consisten en destacar sus aportaciones, entre ellas la creación de las ambulancias que permitieron dar una pronta asistencia al herido. Asimismo, señalar el reconocimiento post mortem que Larrey tuvo en México a través de una agrupación académica fundada por el cirujano Francisco Montes de Oca y Saucedo. Los hechos citados muestran el progreso de la cirugía militar, su institucionalización y profesionalización, así como la comunicación y la actualización de saberes en uno y otro continente.

Factors associated with producing a scientific publication during medical training: evidence from a cross-sectional study of 40 medical schools in Latin America.

Background: Scientific publication during medical training is key to promoting enduring cutting-edge knowledge. The promotion of science among medical students in Latin America is a multisectoral issue that is hampered by the lack of governmental knowledge to invest in national research, as well as by the lack of support from local universities. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the production of a scientific publication during medical training among Latin American medical students of local scientific societies. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 that assessed the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) among medical students from 40 local scientific societies of medical students affiliated with FELSOCEM. Teams from each local scientific society surveyed self-reported scientific publications and explored their association with socioeconomic, academic, and research training conditions. We applied nested models to identify the covariates associated with self-reported scientific publication, obtaining a parsimonious mixed-effects multilevel model grouped by medical scientific society. Results: Of 11,587 participants, the prevalence of scientific publications increased in 36% among medical students affiliated to a Scientific Society of Medical Students [parsimonious prevalence ratio (pPR)=1.36, 95%CI=1.16-1.59], 51% among medical students with advanced English proficiency [pPR=1.51, 95%CI=1.21 - 1.87], 85% among medical students who attended a scientific writing skills course [pPR=1.85, 95%CI=1.59-2.15], 81% among medical students who use Sci-Hub [pPR=1.81, 95%CI=1.50-2.20], and 108% among medical students who have access to a pirated academic account [pPR=2.08, 95%CI=1.83-2.36]. Conclusions: Producing a scientific publication among medical students is associated with being affiliated to a scientific society of medical students, English proficiency, training in scientific writing, use of Sci-Hub, and pirated academic accounts. The results will help clinical educators and medical programs improve resources for training students in high-quality research.

Estrategias de intervención Comunitaria en Salud en un Campamento Universitario Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Servicio / Health's Community intervention strategies in a Multidisciplinary Research and Service´s University Camp

Introducción: La atención primaria en salud busca una mejor salud en la población, que sea accesible a todos los individuos y familias de la comunidad, con su plena participación y a un costo asequible, mediante diferentes mecanismos dentro de las cuales están las intervenciones comunitarias. Objetivos: Describir los resultados obtenidos tras la intervención a través de consultas y visitas domiciliarias como estrategias para la identificación, tamizaje, promoción y prevención en salud. Métodos: Se creó una brigada de salud bajo el emblema de Misión Médica en Santa Cecilia, corregimiento del municipio Pueblo Rico, Risaralda, Colombia. Se realizaron actividades de información, educación, acercamiento y atención en salud para la población general de la localidad y veredas aledañas. Se efectuaron valoraciones médicas, se diligenciaron historias clínicas y se evaluó la percepción de la actividad por los miembros de la comunidad y por el personal de la salud. Se contó con el apoyo y aprobación departamental y local. Resultados: Se realizaron 606 historias clínicas, 63,9 por ciento era población menor de edad, 55,6 por ciento eran de sexo femenino. Las enfermedades de mayor prevalencia en la población intervenida fueron patologías infecciosas como parasitosis, neumonía y enfermedades transmitidas por vectores. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones primarias en salud son difíciles de realizar, requieren apoyo de equipos multidisciplinarios e instituciones para generar impacto positivo en las comunidades, es importante realizar mayor número de intervenciones comunitarias con participación estatal y de la comunidad, utilizando estrategias científicas de evaluación con el fin de establecer más objetivamente los resultados de las intervenciones(AU)

Introduction: Primary health care looks for better health indicators in the population, to be accessible to all individuals and families in the community, with their full participation and at an affordable cost, through different mechanisms, among which are the community interventions. Objectives: To describe the results obtained after the intervention through consultations and home visits as strategies for identification, screening, health promotion and prevention. Methods: A health brigade was created under the emblem of Medical Mission in Santa Cecilia, Pueblo Rico municipality, Risaralda, Colombia. Information, education, outreach and health care activities were performed for the general population of the town and surrounding districts. Medical assessments were made, and the clinical histories were used to evaluate perception of the activity done by the community members and the health staff. There was local and departmental support and approval. Results: 606 clinical histories were made. The 63.9 percent were children and 55.6 percent were female. The predominant diseases in the population under the intervention were infectious ones as: parasitic infections, pneumonia and vector-borne diseases. Conclusions: The primary interventions in health are difficult to perform as they require support of multidisciplinary teams and institutions to generate a positive impact on communities. It is important to perform a greater number of community-based interventions with state and community participation, using scientific strategies of evaluation in order to establish more objectively the results of the interventions(AU)

Estado actual del Capítulo de Salud Pública como gestor del proceso científico-técnico y general en los recursos humanos en salud / Current state of the Public Health Sphere as manager of the scientific-technical and general process in the health human resources

Se describen las principales características del Capítulo de Salud Pública de la Provincia de Santiago de Cuba, haciendo énfasis en la estructura del mismo, los asociados, la red de relaciones, las actividades realizadas, problemas actuales y la estrategia trazada a corto y mediano plazo, la cual permitirá dar solución a problemas que puedan presentarse

The main characteristics of the Public Health Sphere in Santiago de Cuba province are described, specifically those related to the following aspects: structure, associate specialists, net of relationships, activities carried out, current problems, as well as drawn up strategy at short and medium term, which will allow to give solution to the problems that can be presented

Apuntes históricos sobre el surgimiento y desarrollo de la Sociedad de Ciencias Fisiológicas en Cienfuegos / Historical Notes on the Emergence and Development of the Physiological Sciences Society in Cienfuegos

El desarrollo alcanzado en la actividad científica en el campo de la salud pública, durante el periodo revolucionario, promovió el origen de capítulos de las sociedades científicas en las diferentes provincias del país. En Cienfuegos las diferentes especialidades médicas comenzaron a formar sus respectivos capítulos, entre ellos el de Ciencias Fisiológicas. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo exponer la información recopilada acerca del surgimiento y desarrollo de la Sociedad de Ciencias Fisiológicas en Cienfuegos. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y se utilizaron fuentes testimoniales escritas (documentos vinculados al funcionamiento de dicho órgano). Se exponen elementos relacionados con la Sociedad, desde su primera junta directiva, las principales evidencias encontradas de las actividades científicas realizadas, hasta sus contribuciones principales al quehacer científico en la provincia.

The development achieved by the scientific activity in the public health field, during the revolutionary period, promoted the origin of subsidiaries of scientific societies in different provinces of the country. In Cienfuegos the different medical specialties started to form their own chapters, among them, the Physiological Sciences. This paper is aimed at exposing the collected information about the emergence and development of the Scientific Society in Cienfuegos. A bibliographical review was realized and written testimonial sources were used (documents linked to the functioning of the mentioned organ). Elements related to the society, from its first Board of Directors, the main evidences found in scientific activities developed from its foundation, until its main contributions to the scientific work of the province.

Contribuições da FBTC ao crescimento das terapias cognitivas no Brasil / FBTC contributions to the growth of cognitive therapies in Brazil

As terapias cognitivas (TCs) são um conjunto de práticas que compartilham aspectos teóricos e metodológicos e vêm ganhando reconhecimento por seus resultados positivos no tratamento dos mais diversos transtornos mentais. Neste artigo, o crescimento das TCs no Brasil será abordado a partir do desenvolvimento da Federação Brasileira de Terapias Cognitivas (FBTC), sociedade científica que vem, desde seu surgimento, fomentando o crescimento da área. O embrião da FBTC começou a se formar no início da década de 1990, mas somente em 2009 recebeu a atual denominação, com o objetivo de abrigar as Associações Estaduais de Terapias Cognitivas (ATCs), criadas a partir de 2005, sendo a ATC-RIO, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, a primeira delas. Outras ações da FBTC foram a criação do Grupo de Doutores, do Grupo de Trabalho para o Simpósio da Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação em Psicologia, a organização do Encontro Brasileiro de Ensino de Terapias Cognitivo-comportamentais, além de seu evento bienal, o Congresso Brasileiro de Terapias Cognitivas. Os maiores desafios da federação para os próximos anos continuam sendo o fortalecimento das TCs por todo o País, bem como sua inserção nas matrizes curriculares dos cursos de Psicologia e Residências em Psiquiatria(AU)

Cognitive Therapies (CTs) are a set of practices that share theoretical and methodological aspects and have gained recognition for their positive results in treating several mental disorders. In this article, the growth of CTs in Brazil will be addressed from the developments of the Brazilian Federation of Cognitive Therapies (FBCT), a scientific society that has since its inception been fostering growth in the field. FBTC began its formation in the early 1990’s, but only in 2009 it received its current name, in order to house the State Associations of Cognitive Therapies (ATCs) created as from 2005. The first ATC was ATC-RIO, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Other contributions of FBTC were the creation of the Group of Doctors, the Working Group for the Symposium of the National Association for Research and Post-Graduate Studies in Psychology, the organization of the Brazilian Meeting of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Teaching, in addition to its biennial event, and the Brazilian Congress of Cognitive Therapies. The biggest challenges of the federation for the coming years will still be the strengthening CTs throughout the country, as well as their insertion in the curriculum of Psychology undergraduate courses and of medical training in Psychiatry(AU)

Um retrato da área de Neurociência e comportamento no Brasil / A report on the area of Neuroscience and behavior in Brazil

A neurociência compreende o estudo do controle neural das funções vegetativas, sensoriais e motoras; dos comportamentos de locomoção, reprodução e alimentação; e dos mecanismos da atenção, memória, aprendizagem, emoção, linguagem e comunicação. Tem, portanto, uma importante área de interface com a Psicologia. Dentre seus objetivos, a neurociência busca esclarecer os mecanismos das doenças neurológicas e mentais por meio do estudo do sistema nervoso normal e patológico. Sua evolução no Brasil tem ocorrido desde meados do século passado, e seu desenvolvimento foi incentivado pela criação de sociedades científicas específicas. O presente artigo relata esse desenvolvimento e descreve os principais grupos atuantes na neurociência brasileira.

Neuroscience comprises the study of the neural control of vegetative, sensory and motor functions; of the locomotion, reproduction and feeding behaviors; and of the mechanisms of attention, memory, learning, emotion, language and communication. It has, therefore, an important area of interface with Psychology. Among its goals, neuroscience seeks to explain the mechanisms of neurologic and mental diseases through the study of the normal and pathologic nervous system. Its evolution in Brazil has occurred since the middle of the past century, and its development was encouraged by the creation of specific scientific societies. The present article describes this development and the main active groups in Brazilian neuroscience.

Um retrato da área de Neurociência e comportamento no Brasil / A report on the area of Neuroscience and behavior in Brazil

A neurociência compreende o estudo do controle neural das funções vegetativas, sensoriais e motoras; dos comportamentos de locomoção, reprodução e alimentação; e dos mecanismos da atenção, memória, aprendizagem, emoção, linguagem e comunicação. Tem, portanto, uma importante área de interface com a Psicologia. Dentre seus objetivos, a neurociência busca esclarecer os mecanismos das doenças neurológicas e mentais por meio do estudo do sistema nervoso normal e patológico. Sua evolução no Brasil tem ocorrido desde meados do século passado, e seu desenvolvimento foi incentivado pela criação de sociedades científicas específicas. O presente artigo relata esse desenvolvimento e descreve os principais grupos atuantes na neurociência brasileira.(AU)

Neuroscience comprises the study of the neural control of vegetative, sensory and motor functions; of the locomotion, reproduction and feeding behaviors; and of the mechanisms of attention, memory, learning, emotion, language and communication. It has, therefore, an important area of interface with Psychology. Among its goals, neuroscience seeks to explain the mechanisms of neurologic and mental diseases through the study of the normal and pathologic nervous system. Its evolution in Brazil has occurred since the middle of the past century, and its development was encouraged by the creation of specific scientific societies. The present article describes this development and the main active groups in Brazilian neuroscience.(AU)