Exploring the relationship between pressure ulcer knowledge and self-efficiency among nursing students: A multicenter study.

AIM: To determine the relationship between the knowledge and self-efficiency regarding pressure ulcers of nursing students. METHODS: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 775 nursing students from three different universities in various regions of Turkey. The "Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool-Updated Version" and "Pressure Ulcer Management Self-Efficiency Scale for Nurses" tool were used to collect data between May and September 2023. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies checklist was followed to report this study. RESULTS: The mean knowledge score was 7.27 ± 3.09, and the mean self-efficiency on pressure ulcer management score was 35.5 ± 18.3. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between nursing students' knowledge and self-efficiency mean scores regarding pressure ulcers (p < 0.05). A significant difference was also found between the students' academic levels and gender and their knowledge and self-efficiency scores regarding pressure ulcers. CONCLUSION: In this study, where the data covers these three institutions, students' pressure ulcer knowledge and self-efficiency scores were lower compared to all academic years. Accordingly, it was also determined that students with more nursing practice experience showed higher knowledge and self-efficacy scores than students with less nursing practice experience. Additionally, the students' self-efficacy increased along with their knowledge level. Training courses may be suggested to improve students' knowledge and self-efficiency regarding pressure ulcers.

Unraveling the factors shaping academic success: A structural equation modeling approach for college students.

Academic success is a multifaceted achievement that depends on a myriad of factors, spanning personal, environmental, and institutional dimensions. The intricate interaction of numerous factors, such as how effective and interested a student is in their own academic performance, shapes their potential for academic achievement. This study's goal is to examine the effects that diversity, colour, and immigration status have on the academic accomplishment of 109 college students in Chinese province of Fujian. The main objective of the study to infer on how self-efficiency, self-interest, and stress affect academic achievement in particular. The researcher devised a survey tool in order to determine the degree of academic self-efficiency, academic self-interest, and stress connected to academic activities. The method of data collection that was used was called purposive sampling, and the participants were students in their primary year of university. The findings suggest that the scales that were used in the research have a high degree of reliability and exhibit very little inverse connection. "A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was created in order to examine the relative effects of stress and self-efficiency in predicting three aspects of academic performance: fresher man grade point average, credits earned, and persistence in studies beyond the first year (Considine and Zappala, 2002) [16]". According to the data, self-efficiency is a stronger and more reliable predictor than the pressure connected with academic achievement. In conclusion, this study's originality lies in its holistic approach to understanding academic success, and its research implications extend to policy development, intervention strategies, equity and inclusion efforts, future research directions, and teacher training, all aimed at improving the academic success of diverse student populations.

Effect of entrepreneurial education and creativity on entrepreneurial intention in college students: mediating entrepreneurial inspiration, mindset, and self-efficiency.

Entrepreneurship in higher education is increasingly valuing entrepreneurial creativity as a significant driver for improving university students' innovative abilities. The purpose of this study was to examine the direct influence of entrepreneurial education and creativity on entrepreneurial intention, as well as the indirect role of entrepreneurial inspiration, mindset, and self-efficiency. This study gathered survey responses from 448 university business students from three Chinese provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The results indicated that entrepreneurial education and creativity have a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intent. In addition, the results demonstrated that the combination of entrepreneurial mindset, inspiration, and self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial creativity. In addition, additional implications and restrictions are discussed in this article.

Understanding perceptions of academics toward technology acceptance in accounting education.

Utilizing technology acceptance model (TAM), this paper investigated perceptions of academics at Yemeni universities toward the intention to adopt and integrate technology into accounting education. This model has yet to be widely validated in less developed countries (LDCs) such as Yemen. Thus, there is a need to promote its cross-cultural validity. An extension of the TAM has been employed by considering not only perceived usefulness and ease of usage but also social influence and self-efficiency. The hypotheses were tested using SmartPLS on a sample of 138 academics. The results show that the proposed expanded TAM model could predict the acceptance of technology in the context of accounting education in Yemen, a less developed nation. This paper exhibits that the proposed expanded TAM interpreted 59.4% of the variance in the behavioral intention of IT usage. Furthermore, the model paths demonstrated that perceived usefulness, ease of usage, attitude, and self-efficiency were all significant in determining behavioral intention. However, social influence had not shown any significant impact on behavioral intention. Academics' perceptions of technology adoption and integration into education are essential in implementing technology-related innovations. Therefore, this paper would be helpful in education policymaking on technology adoption and integration in accounting education in Yemen and other similar countries.

The effect of counseling with stress management approach on postpartum anxiety and distress and breastfeeding self-efficacy during COVID-19 pandemic: a ramdomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Successful breastfeeding is related to the psychosocial conditions of the mother. Covid19 pandemic resulted in psychological consequences in women during postpartum period. Maternal anxiety and distress reduce the chances of exclusive breastfeeding. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of counseling with stress management approach on postpartum anxiety and distress and breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) during COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 64 breastfeeding mothers referred to health care centers in Tabriz, Iran in 2021. Participants were assigned into the intervention and control groups in a ratio of 1: 1 using block randomization in a block size of 4 and 6. The intervention group participated in six individual 60-90 min sessions. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), postpartum distress (PMD), and BSE questionnaires were completed before and 4-week after the intervention by the control and intervention groups. Independent t-test and ANCOVA were used to compare the outcomes between two groups. RESULTS: According to the ANCOVA results by controlling the baseline values and after the intervention, the mean score of anxiety in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group [Adjusted Mean Difference (AMD): -13.82, 95%, confidence interval (CI): -12.35 to -15.29, (p < 0.001)]. Further, the mean score of postpartum distress after intervention was lower in the intervention group compared with that in the control group [AMD:5.31 95% CI: -3.00 to -7.37 (p < 0.001)]. After the intervention, the mean score of BSE in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group [AMD: 25.57, 95% CI: 22.85 to 28.29 (p < 0.001)]. CONCLUSION: Stress management counseling can improve postpartum anxiety and distress and BSE and increase breastfeeding. However, more studies are needed for a definitive conclusion. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20171007036615N6. Date of registration: 15/09/2021.

Emotional Intelligence and Creative Self-Efficacy among Gifted Children: Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem and Moderating Effect of Gender.

Creative self-efficacy is a type of individual creative self-belief, which is an important predictor of creative activities and achievements. For gifted children who have high creative potential, the influencing factors of their creative self-efficacy need to be further explored. This study aimed to explore the relationship between gender, emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and creative self-efficacy in gifted children, with special attention on the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of gender in the relationship between emotional intelligence and creative self-efficacy. Participants in this study included 226 gifted students aged 10-13 (135 boys and 91 girls) from experimental classrooms designed for gifted students in North China. The creative self-efficacy scale (CSE), the emotional intelligence scale (EIS), and the self-esteem scale (SES) were tested. The statistical results indicate that: (1) emotional intelligence significantly positively predicted creative self-efficacy in gifted children; (2) self-esteem partially mediated the link between emotional intelligence and creative self-efficacy; and (3) gender acted as a moderator for the mediation model, in which self-esteem played a complete mediating role in gifted boys, while the mediating role of self-esteem in gifted girls was not significant. The results of this study reveal the influential mechanism of creative self-efficacy in gifted children of different genders and may provide further implications for promoting the creative potential of gifted children.

Does authoritarianism necessarily stifle creativity? The role of discipline-focused authoritarian leadership.

A burgeoning body of research has shown that authoritarian leadership (AL) embodies the characteristics of "light" and "dark," meaning that it does not always have a negative impact on employees' creative activities. However, studies explaining this potential positive effect are insufficient. To extend the AL and creativity literature, we draw on self-determination theory and event system theory, and elicit discipline-focused AL and appointment event criticality to examine whether, when, and how authoritarian leaders affect employee creativity positively. With time-lagged data collected from 435 employees and their direct leaders in China, we found that discipline-focused AL has an indirect positive effect on employee creativity through creative self-efficacy. Additionally, appointment event criticality strengthens the positive relationship between discipline-focused AL and creative self-efficiency, and the indirect impact of discipline-focused AL on employee creativity through creative self-efficiency. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Development of the short Creative Expression Interest Scale based on item response theory.

This study develops a short Creative Expression Interest Scale (CEIS) among Chinese freshmen based on the perspective of item response theory (IRT). Nine hundred fifty-nine valid Chinese freshmen participated in the Creative Expression Interest survey. Researchers applied the initial data for unidimensionality, item fit, discrimination parameter, and differential item functioning to obtain a short CEIS. The results show that the Short CEIS meets the psychometric requirements of the IRT. Pearson correlation coefficient of theta between the short and long CEIS is 0.922. The marginal reliability of the short CEIS is 0.799. These indicate that the short CEIS developed in this study among Chinese freshmen, meets the psychometric requirements. Although the Short CEIS can eliminate redundant, uninformative items, save time, and improve the quality of data collection. However, the validity of this short scale needs further validation.

Data on pain coping strategies and their association with quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease: A cross-sectional study.

This article presents data about coping with pain and health-related quality of life from 52 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) (without PD dementia). Coping was assessed using Coping Strategy Questionnaire (CSQ), including active/passive and cognitive/behavioral coping strategies and the felt efficacy of the coping strategies used. In addition, common PD specific assessments were recorded. For pain rating the corresponding items from the Short-Form-36 were used. The dataset allows determining factors related pain and coping in PD. The dataset can be utilized by clinicians, academics and pharmacists for further research and reference purposes. The data presented herein is associated with the research article "Pain coping strategies and their association with quality of life in people with Parkinson's Disease: a Cross-Sectional study" [1] and available on Dryad, Dataset 10.5061/dryad.2280gb5s7.

Using Patient Health Profile Evaluation for Predicting the Likelihood of Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Latent Profile Analysis.

Background: To determine whether long-term self-management among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has the risk of developing complications. Methods: We conducted a survey of self-management behavior using diabetes self-management scales (DMSES-C and TSRQ-d) from November 2019 to May 2020 linked with biomarkers (glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, and kidney function), and the varying measure values were transformed into normal rate proportions. We performed latent profile analysis (LPA) to categorize the patient into different patient health profiles using five classes (C1-C5), and we predicted the risk of retinopathy after adjusting for covariates. Results: The patients in C1, C2, and C4 had a higher likelihood of retinopathy events than those in C5, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.655, 2.168, and 1.788, respectively (p = 0.032). In addition, a longer duration of diabetes was correlated with an increased risk of retinopathy events as well as being elderly. Conclusions: Optimal biomarker health profiles and patients with strong motivation pertaining to their T2DM care yielded better outcomes. Health profiles portraying patient control of diabetes over the long term can categorize patients with T2DM into different behavior groups. Customizing diabetes care information into different health profiles raises awareness of control strategies for caregivers and patients.

High Commitment Work System and Employee Proactive Behavior: The Mediating Roles of Self-Efficiency and Career Development Prospect.

At present, proactive behavior has become a major concern in the field of organizational behavior. Drawing from the proactive motivation theory, this article proposes the influence of a high commitment work system (HCWS) on employees' proactive behavior and constructs the mediation model, including self-efficacy and career development prospect. Moreover, conformity values as a micro context factor are used to illustrate the process that affects employees' proactive behavior. Analyzing the matched data from 117 enterprises and 1,055 employees, this article finds that HCWS are positively related to employees' proactive behavior. This article also finds that self-efficacy and career development prospect are mediated by the relationship between HCWS and employees' proactive behavior. Conformity value moderates the positive relationship between self-efficacy and employees' proactive behavior, but it does not moderate the positive relationship between career development prospect and employees' proactive behavior. This study sheds light on whether and how line managers' leadership influences the human resource management (HRM) process.

A Structural Model of Quality of Life in Patients after Colorectal Cancer Surgery.

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to determine a hypothetical model for the factors affecting the quality of life of postoperative colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: We collected data from 209 patients that was analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 25. RESULTS: Predictive variables of the hypothesis model included an exogenous variable, social support, as well as endogenous variables self-efficacy, symptoms, health promotion behavior, and quality of life. Testing of the correction model showed that significant paths directly affecting quality of life of patients after colorectal cancer surgery included health promotion behavior, symptoms, and self-efficacy and also showed an explanation power of 58.7%. Social support was found to have a significant impact on the quality of life indirectly through self-efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: To improve the quality of life of colorectal cancer patients, it is necessary to develop a nursing intervention program that strengthens patients' health promotion behaviors to alleviate their symptoms and improve their social support and self-efficacy.

Physical exercise and psychological health of rural left-behind children: An experiment from China.

Background: How to promote the health (especially mental health) growth of left-behind children has become a hot social issue. Physical exercise is usually considered as a positive role in improving the physical and mental health of children, which can be considered to be integrated into the living environment of left-behind children. Objective: To discuss the changes of left-behind children in psychological health before and after the exercise-based intervention, thus providing a practical approach to improve the psychological growth of this disadvantaged group. Methods: An exercise-based social intervention experiment was designed and conducted in a township middle school in China, and 200 left-behind children with relatively low psychological health participated in the experiment. Results: Physical exercise had positive effects on rural left-behind children's sense of hope, self-esteem, self-efficiency, and self-concept, and it seems that the positive effects are durative due to the optimization of living environment. There was no significant difference in the psychological promotion effect of different programs (football and table tennis) on left-behind children. Hope, self-esteem, and self-efficiency significantly mediated the relationship between physical exercise and self-concept of left-behind children. Conclusion: Physical exercise contributes to promoting the development of rural left-behind children's positive psychology such as hope, self-esteem, self-efficiency, and thus relieving the negative psychology caused by long-term parental-child separation and improving self-concept.

The Development of Chinese Version of Transcultural Nursing Self-Efficiency Scale: Using Rasch Model Analysis.

Introduction: With the huge advances of globalization and urbanization, the nursing services in China are meeting the challenge of varied culture-specific needs in practices. Tools to measure transcultural sensitivity thus has great value in promoting transcultural nursing practices. Method: The Chinese version of Transcultural Nursing Self-Efficacy Scale (TSET-CV) was translated and validated with a sample of 2,346 nurses in China. Utilizing the analytical framework of the rating scale model, each item of the three subscales, namely the cognitive, practical, and effect subscale, was analyzed in terms of item analysis, item fitting, difficulty, reliability, item function, and validity. Results: The analysis suggested that 5-point Likert-type scale was more suitable than the 10-point Likert-type scale originally used. Item 27 and Item 79 showed deficient properties, which was deleted in the TSET-CV. The most accurate ranges measured by the TSET-CV matched the range of the distribution of the subjects' ability. Discussion: Unlike the classical test theory, the rating scale model based on the Rasch's model can provide sample-independent psychometric properties of items. The revised TSET-CV has great potential in diagnosing deficiency among nursing student in transcultural self-efficiency, which can promote the development of corresponding education strategies.

The Impact of Entrepreneurial Passion on Psychology and Behavior of Entrepreneurs.

In order to study the influence of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurs' psychology and behavior, based on the theory of self-efficacy, a model of relationship between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurs' psychology and behavior was constructed, relevant hypotheses were proposed, and the promotion mechanism of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial behavior and enterprise performance was analyzed. A survey of 300 entrepreneurs from Hangzhou, Wenzhou, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, and Huzhou was conducted to verify the reliability of the questionnaire through statistical description and analysis. Then exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to test the correlation between variables. Finally, the structural equation was simulated to verify the correctness of the proposed hypothesis and model. The results show that the designed questionnaire has good reliability [the correction item total correlation coefficients (CITC) of all scales are greater than 0.3, values of Cronbach's α are higher than 0.6], the validity (all inventory accumulation explanation degree are higher than 50%) and the fitting (χ2/df values of all scales are less than 3, comparative fitness index (CFI), goodness of fitness index (GFI), and incremental fitness index (IFI) are greater than 0.9, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) value is less than 0.08). The direct effect of harmonious passion on entrepreneurial persistence and enterprise performance is not significant, while the direct effect of compulsive passion on entrepreneurial persistence and enterprise performance is significant. Harmonious passion (P < 0.001) and compulsive passion (P < 0.01) are significantly correlated with entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and self-efficacy plays a mediating role between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneur psychology and behavior (P < 0.05), and the hypothesis proposed is basically valid. Therefore, entrepreneurial passion can positively guide the entrepreneurial persistence of entrepreneurs, and at the same time promote the performance of enterprises by stimulating the positive emotions of entrepreneurs. In addition, entrepreneurs can enhance their entrepreneurial role identity, maintain a positive attitude, stimulate creativity, and innovation, to enhance their sense of energy efficiency. The government can also promote successful business cases to build an inclusive and innovative social environment and stimulate the entrepreneurial passion of entrepreneurs. This study reveals the relationship between entrepreneurial passion, self-efficacy, and entrepreneur psychology and behavior, and extends the application of entrepreneurial passion in the field of entrepreneurship.

Autoeficácia do aleitamento materno em adolescentes do norte brasileiro / Self-effectiveness in breastfeeding in adolescentes of north brazilian

Objetivo: Avaliar a autoeficácia em amamentar entre mães adolescentes atendidas em hospital amigo da criança em Belém. Material e Métodos: Estudo analítico descritivo, com delineamento transversal, de cunho quantitativo. Participaram adolescentes entre 13 a 19 anos de idade, que responderam um questionário socioeconômico e de antecedentes obstétricos e, aos quatro meses de pós-parto, a Breastfeeding Self-Effi-cacy Scale short-form. Foram incluídos: neonatos com idade gestacional acima de 36 semanas e peso ao nascer >2.500g; nascimentos sem intercorrências e que no momento da alta hospitalar, estivessem sendo amamentados exclusivamente ao peito. Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram elevada autoefi-cácia em amamentar 81,66% e mostraram que as adolescentes se sentem confiantes no ato de amamentar. Conclusão: As adolescentes possuem alta eficácia na amamentação, pro-vando que mesmo possuindo baixa faixa etária, estão cientes da importância do aleitamento materno para seus bebês. Ao fazer uso dessa escala, tem-se a oportunidade de conhecer os motivos que contribuíram para o desmame precoce. (AU)

Objective: Evaluate the self - efficiency of breastfeeding among adolescent mothers, treated at a child - friendly hospital in the city of Belém. Materials and methods: Descriptive, cross - sectional, quantitative study. Participants were adolescents between 13 and 19 years of age, that answered a socioeco-nomic questionnaire, had obstetric history and responded to the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale short-form at four months postpartum. Neonates with gestational age above 36 weeks and birth weight> 2,500 g, uninterrupted births and patients that, at the time of hospital discharge, were exclusively breastfed, were included. Results: The results showed a high self-efficiency in breastfeeding 81.66% and showed that the adolescents feel confident in the act of breastfeeding. Conclusion: This leads us to the conclusion that adolescents have high efficiency in breastfeeding, proving that even when they are of low age, they are aware of the importance of breastfeeding for their babies. By using this scale, there is the opportunity to know the reasons that contribute to early weaning. (AU)

Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning.

(1) Background: Individuals' psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337 students (249 ski-naive and 88 basic level) participated in research consisting of a four-part questionnaire and structured skiing program. (3) Results: For beginners, lower fear (r = -0.30, p < 0.01) and higher Self-efficiency (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and mastery (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were associated with better performance; reducing fear and increasing self-efficiency and worry increased performance. Experienced skiers were better in determination, mastery, and self-efficiency (all p < 0.05). In case of lower score in worry (r = -0.28, p < 0.01) and higher in self-efficiency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) performance was better. Males scored higher in sport courage scale-31 (all p < 0.05). In particular, self-efficiency was associated with better (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), and higher fear with poorer performance (r = -0.33, p < 0.01). Moreover, self-efficiency was a predictor of ski success (p < 0.001). On the other hand, females like ski beginners scored higher in fear (p < 0.001). In females, determination, mastery and self-efficiency had a positive correlation with skiing (r = 0.21, p < 0.05, r = 0.28, p < 0.01, and r = 0.33, p < 0.01, respectively), while association between Fear and skiing (r = -0.46, p < 0.01) was negative, and fear (p < 0.001) was inversely related to success. (4): Conclusions: Psychological factors and gender differences need to be considered during learning phases of alpine skiing. There is a positive association between self-efficiency and performance of male ski beginners, and negative association between fear and achieved results in basic alpine ski school in case of female ski beginners.

Predictores cognitivos de la toma de decisiones en la experiencia de los síntomas de Síndrome Coronario Agudo / Cognitive predictors of decision making in the experience of symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Objetivo: Determinar el valor predictivo de la Evaluación cognitiva, la Severidad de los síntomas, el Control personal y la Autoeficacia sobre la toma de decisiones en la experiencia de los síntomas de Síndrome Coronario Agudo. Diseño: La presente investigación es de tipo correlacional predictivo de corte transversal, cuyo propósito fue conocer los efectos entre las variables independientes Evaluación Cognitiva, Severidad de los síntomas, Control personal, Auto eficiencia y dependiente Toma de decisiones, a partir de las proposiciones teóricas del Modelo Conceptual del Manejo de los síntomas, mediante la obtención de datos en la experiencia de los síntomas de Síndrome Coronario Agudo en tres instituciones de la ciudad de Bogotá. Análisis: Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la población estudiada empleando herramientas y técnicas de la estadística descriptiva. Para el análisis bivariado se definieron las variables dependientes e independientes. Las pruebas de hipótesis que se utilizaron fueron determinadas por la naturaleza y el nivel de medición de la variable dependiente, la distribución normal o no y el número de categorías que tomaron. Por lo tanto, para las variables dependientes cuantitativas las pruebas utilizadas fueron la U de Mann Whitney o la prueba de Kruskal Wallis (ANOVA), dependiendo si siguieron una distribución normal. Posteriormente con el fin de abordar las hipótesis de esta investigación en las cuales se predice la Evaluación cognitiva, la Severidad de los síntomas, el Control Personal y la Autoeficacia sobre la toma de decisiones, se realizó un Modelo Lineal Generalizado, considerando que este modelo permite unificar tanto los modelos como las variables de respuesta numérica y categórica, lo cual lleva a considerar datos dicotómicos, ordinales, categóricos o de elecciones discretas, es decir, de modelos de probabilidad de un evento. Por último se desarrolló un Modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para realizar una comprobación del modelo conceptual, que permitió establecer las relaciones causales, es decir, se examinó el efecto de una variable explicativa sobre la explicada, y en qué medida la variación observada fue debida a los cambios producidos en las variables explicativas. Resultados: Se logró la validación de los instrumentos RSQ, CISS-21, CSE, CAS-R en versión español, al instrumento IES se le realizó un aporte a la medición por medio del análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se plantearon tres modelos predictivos por medio del software R y se realizó una comprobación del modelo conceptual para el manejo de los síntomas por medio del planteamiento de ecuaciones estructurales con el software IMOS. Finalmente se plantearon dos rutas de atención en salud, desde la prevención cardiovascular y una ruta de la experiencia del síntoma específica de mujeres con síndrome coronario agudo a partir de lo reportado en los modelos predictivos.

Objective: To determine the predictive value of the Cognitive Assessment, the Severity of the symptoms, the Personal Control and the Self-efficacy on the decision making in the experience of the symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Design: The present investigation was of a cross-sectional predictive correlation type, whose purpose was to know the effects between independent variables (Cognitive Evaluation, Severity of the symptoms, Personal control, Self efficiency) and dependent (Decision making), from the Theoretical propositions of the Conceptual Model of the Management of the symptoms, by obtaining data in the experience of the symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome in men and women in three institutions of the city of Bogotá. Analysis: A descriptive analysis of the studied population was carried out, for which tools and techniques of descriptive statistics will be used. For the bivariate analysis, the dependent and independent variables were defined. The hypothesis tests that were used were determined by the nature and level of measurement of the dependent variable, the normal distribution or not and the number of categories that they took. Therefore, for the quantitative dependent variables, the tests used were the Mann Whitney U test or the Kruskal Wallis test (ANOVA), depending on whether they followed a normal distribution. Subsequently, in order to address the hypotheses of this research in which Cognitive Assessment, Severity of symptoms, Personal Control and Self-efficacy on decision making are predicted, a Generalized Linear Model was carried out, considering that this model allows unify both the models and the numerical and categorical response variables, which leads to consider dichotomous, ordinal, categorical or discrete election data, that is, probability models of an event. Finally, a Model of structural equations was developed to make a verification of the conceptual model, which allowed to establish the causal relationships, that is, I examined the effect of an explanatory variable on the explained one, and to what extent the observed variation of this one is due to the changes produced in that one. Results: Validation of the RSQ, CISS-21, CSE, CAS-R instruments was achieved and the IES instrument made a contribution to the measurement by means of factor analysis and reliability. Three predictive models were proposed by means of software R and a verification of the conceptual model for symptom management was carried out by means of the structural equations approach with the IMOS software. Finally two health care routes were proposed, from the cardiovascular prevention and a route of the experience of the symptom of women with acute coronary syndrome.

Estructura factorial y confiabilidad de una escala de autoeficacia académica en estudiantes chilenos de Fonoaudiología / Factorial structure and reliability of an academic self-efficacy scale in Chilean Phonoaudiology students

Introducción: las expectativas de autoeficacia son un predictor importante del éxito académico en todos los niveles formativos, incluyendo las carreras de la salud. El diagnóstico temprano de los niveles de autoeficacia de los alumnos y una oportuna intervención puede ser una estrategia útil para favorecer los procesos formativos. Esto hace necesario contar con instrumentos psicométricamente adecuados que permitan su evaluación en los estudiantes. Objetivo: evaluar la estructura factorial y la consistencia interna de la Escala de Autoeficacia Percibida Específica de Situaciones Académicas de Palenzuela en estudiantes de Fonoaudiología de Chile. Métodos: esta escala se aplicó a 282 estudiantes elegidos por muestreo no probabilístico por cuotas.Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y se evaluó la confiabilidad con alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: presentaban entre 19 y 33 años de edad y 84,59 % eran mujeres. Se identificó una estructura unifactorial. Su consistencia interna fue adecuada según un alfa de Cronbach de 0,87. Conclusiones: existe evidencia psicométrica de la validez de constructo de la escala como medida unifactorial de autoeficacia académica en estudiantes de Fonoaudiología de Chile; además, muestra una adecuada confiabilidad(AU)

Introduction: Self-efficacy expectations are an important predictor for academic success at all levels of education, including the health-related majors. Early diagnosis of students' self-efficacy levels and timely intervention can be a useful strategy to favor the training processes. This makes it necessary to have psychometrically adequate instruments that allow students to evaluate themselves. Objective: To evaluate the factorial structure and internal consistency of the Scale of Specific Perceived Self-efficacy of Academic Situations of Palenzuela in Phonoaudiology students in Chile. Methods: This scale was applied to 282 students chosen by non-probabilistic sampling by rates. They were at ages between 19 and 33 years and 84.59% were women. An exploratory factorial analysis was performed and reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha. Results: A unifactorial structure was identified. Its internal consistency was adequate according to Cronbach alpha of 0.87. Conclusions: There is psychometric evidence on the validity of the scale construction as a unifactorial measure of academic self-efficacy in Phonoaudiology students in Chile. In addition, it shows an adequate reliability(AU)

Permanencia y deserción versus autoeficacia de estudiantes universitarios: un desafío de la calidad educativa

Introducción. La deserción estudiantil a nivel universitario sigue siendo un problema vigente que desencadena pérdidas financieras además de tipo social y familiar, cuando no se alcanzan las metas de la formación académica que garantice trabajadores competentes para el mundo laboral actual. Objetivo. Analizar la permanencia y deserción versus la autoeficacia de estudiantes universitarios en el marco de la calidad educativa. Materiales y métodos. La población estuvo constituida por los estudiantes de una universidad de la ciudad de Barranquilla en Colombia. Se tomó, del registro para el período 20151, una muestra de 322 estudiantes, de los cuales 195 estaban activos y 127 en deserción. El trabajo fue descriptivo y transaccional de diseño no experimental. El instrumento de recolección de datos fue la Escala de Autoeficacia General (EAG), apoyada por el sistema de información institucional del Departamento de Admisiones y Registro. Resultados. Se demostró que no existe una correlación significativa entre autoeficacia y permanencia, así como tampoco entre la autoeficacia y la deserción. Sin embargo, un hallazgo significativo fue demostrar que la media de autoeficacia en desertores resultó mayor que la de los estudiantes que permanecieron en la institución. Conclusiones. Se obtuvo que no se presenta una correlación significativa entre las variables autoeficacia, deserción y permanencia.

Introduction. The student dropout at university level continues being a current problem that unleashes financial loss besides social and familiar ones, when academic formation goals are not achieved, which assures skillful workers for the current labor world. Objective. To analyze the permanence and dropout versus self-sufficiency of university students in the quality educative framework. Materials and methods. Population was composed by university students in the city of Barranquilla, Colombia. The registry of 2015-1 term, a sample of 322 students, from which 195 were active and 127 on dropout was taken. The work was descriptive and transactional of non-experimental design. Data collection instrument was the General Self-sufficiency scale (GSS), supported by the institutional information system of the Admissions and Registration Department. Results. It was proved that there is not a significant correlation between self-efficiency and permanence, as neither between self-sufficiency or dropout; however, a significant finding was to prove that the average of dropout's self-sufficient students resulted greater than the one of students staying in the institution. Conclusions. It was obtained that there is not a significant correlation among self-efficiency, dropout, and permanence variables.

Introdução. A deserção estudantil a nível universitário segue sendo um problema vigente que desencadeia perdas financeiras ademais de tipo social e familiar, quando não se alcançam as metas da formação acadêmica que garante trabalhadores competentes para o mundo laboral atual. Objetivo. Analisar a permanência e deserção versus a auto eficácia de estudantes universitários no marco da qualidade educativa. Materiais e métodos. A população foi constituída pelos estudantes de uma universidade da cidade de Barranquilla na Colômbia. Se tomou, do registro para o período 2015-1, uma amostra de 322 estudantes, dos quais 195 estavam ativos e 127 em deserção. O trabalho foi descritivo e transacional de desenho não experimental. O instrumento de recolhimento dos dados foi a Escala de Auto eficácia General (EAG), apoiada pelo sistema de informação institucional do Departamento de Admissões e Registro. Resultados. Se demostrou que não existe uma correlação significativa entre auto eficácia e permanência, assim como tampouco entre a auto eficácia e a deserção. Embora, um descobrimento significativo foi demostrar que a média de auto eficácia em desertores resultou maior que a dos estudantes que permaneceram na instituição. Conclusões. Se obteve que não se apresenta una correlação significativa entre as variáveis auto eficácia, deserção e permanência.