A qualitative meta-synthesis of carers' perceptions of factors influencing preschool children's oral hygiene practices-A social practices perspective.

OBJECTIVES: This study comprises a synthesis of published qualitative studies from developed countries on the perspectives of carers regarding the oral hygiene toothbrushing practices of preschool children, through the lens of social practice theory. METHODS: A search of the following electronic databases was conducted for all available years: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Global Health using the Ovid platform; Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source (DOSS), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus. Included qualitative studies reported primary caregivers' perceptions of oral hygiene practices (focusing on toothbrushing) in preschool children (0-5 years old) in developed countries. A thematic synthesis of the qualitative findings was undertaken for the results of each study. RESULTS: Eleven articles were included in this meta-synthesis. The focus of this paper was toothbrushing practices. A conceptual map of toothbrushing as a social practice was developed. Key findings included practice elements (meanings, competences, and materials), spatial and temporal aspects, and barriers and facilitators to performance. CONCLUSIONS: The application of a social practice lens to published qualitative research on the oral hygiene of preschool children provided insights into the meanings and competences related to toothbrushing, as perceived by primary caregivers. However, it also revealed limited information on material, spatial and temporal aspects of toothbrushing practices, indicating the importance of considering social practice theory as a framework in future research to address this gap. Furthermore, exploring toothbrushing in connection with related social practices has the potential to increase understanding of factors influencing oral health in preschool children.

Smoking, vaping and drinking: A qualitative analysis of Aotearoa New Zealand young adults who tried e-cigarettes to stop smoking tobacco.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Social practices such as smoking-drinking co-use often go 'hand-in-hand', linked by the coordination of materials, skills and meanings. However, the experience of using e-cigarettes while drinking among people who smoke (and drink) remains underexplored. We used social practice theory to show how smoking, vaping and drinking intersect and to explain how vaping created two new social practices among people who tried e-cigarettes to stop smoking: 'vaping-drinking' co-use and 'smoking-vaping-drinking' poly-use. METHODS: We conducted five in-depth interviews over 18-24 weeks during 2018-19, with each of nine Aotearoa New Zealand young adults aged 20-29 years. Participants smoked daily, did not regularly use e-cigarettes at entry and wished to try vaping to stop smoking. We analysed participants' reports of smoking or vaping while drinking using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Individual participants reported both co-use and poly-use occasions throughout the study. Vaping-drinking co-use arose from practice 'replacement' processes, where vaping fully substituted smoking. Smoking-vaping-drinking poly-use arose from 'adjacency' processes where vaping complemented smoking. Participants used both processes flexibly over time, which required new skills in material, temporal, pleasure and social coordination to try to recreate valued meanings of comfort, security and communality associated with well-established smoking-drinking practices. Unsuccessful coordination attempts maintained smoking-drinking co-use. CONCLUSION: Among Aotearoa New Zealand young adult smokers who want to use vaping to stop smoking, drinking occasions may help to maintain existing smoking-drinking practices and facilitate the development of vaping-drinking co-use and smoking-vaping-drinking poly-use practices, potentially prolonging individuals' exposure to smoking.

The impact of green accounting on environmental performance: mediating effects of energy efficiency.

This study investigates the relationship between green accounting, energy efficiency, and environmental performance in the context of Bangladeshi pharmaceutical and chemical companies. The study also explores the mediating role of energy efficiency in the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance. A total of 326 responses were collected using a simple random sampling technique from pharmaceutical and chemical companies in Bangladesh. The study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data. The results indicate that green accounting has a significant positive impact on both energy efficiency and environmental performance. Moreover, energy efficiency partially mediates the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance. The study also found that economic, environmental, and social practices of green accounting positively impact energy efficiency and environmental performance, with environmental practices having the highest impact. The findings of this study provide important insights for managers and policymakers of pharmaceutical and chemical companies in Bangladesh, highlighting the need for green accounting practices that promote environmental sustainability. The study suggests that integrating green accounting practices can lead to better energy efficiency and environmental performance, which can enhance the reputation and competitive advantage of these companies. This study identifies the mediating role of energy efficiency in the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance, providing a unique perspective on the mechanism behind the relationship.

Dealing with sand in the Arctic city of Nadym.

Sand plays an important role in the Arctic urban development as construction material and stable ground. Significance of its studies increases in face of permafrost degradation and coastal erosion and for understanding human capacities to restore natural landscapes after anthropogenic disturbances. This paper examines changing human interactions with sand in the city of Nadym, northwest of Siberia. The study utilizes an interdisciplinary approach which includes remote sensing and GIS analysis, field observations, and interviews with local residents and stakeholders. Analysis of spatial and social characteristics of sand demonstrates different roles of sand as part of the landscape, a resource, and as a mediator in urban and infrastructure development. Understanding the diversity of sand qualities, its uses, and perceptions is relevant for studies of landscape disturbances, resilience, vulnerability, and adaptive capacities of Arctic cities.

Green roles at home: exploring the impact of household social dynamic processes on consumption at the food-energy-water (FEW) nexus.

Capturing the social dynamic processes among household members that work to shape consumption patterns presents a complex problem for household resource conservation studies. To bridge the gap between the individual and household, we propose and test a series of quantitative measures that explore the underlying structure of household social dynamic processes through the lens of social practice theory. Based on previous qualitative research, we develop measures to test five distinct social dynamic processes that either encourage or deter pro-environmental action: enhancing, norming, preferring, constraining, and allocating. In a sample of households (n = 120) from suburban Midwestern USA, we find that positively framed social dynamic processes (enhancing and positive norming) positively predict variance in frequency of food-, energy-, and water-conserving pro-environmental actions. Pro-environmental orientation of the individual respondent, in turn, is positively associated with perception of positively framed dynamics. These findings suggest that social dynamic processes influence individual decision-making about household consumption, supporting previous research that illustrates consumption as embedded within the relationships that form residential life. We suggest ways forward for quantitative social science researchers to explore consumption through a practice-based approach that considers the influence of social institutions on emission-intensive lifestyles.

Representações e Práticas Sociais em Disputa: O Trabalho Doméstico Remunerado Segundo Relatos em Rede Social / Representations and Social Practices in Dispute: Paid Domestic Work According to Social Network Reports / Representaciones y Prácticas Sociales en Disputa: Trabajo Doméstico Remunerado Según Relatos en Red Social

Este estudo documental objetivou analisar as representações sociais sobre o trabalho doméstico remunerado compartilhadas na página do Facebook "Eu, Empregada Doméstica" e as práticas sociais delas decorrentes. Para tanto, foram coletados 276 relatos, que compuseram o corpus submetido a uma Classificação Hierárquica Descendente no software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire (IRaMuTeQ). Os resultados indicaram a existência de cinco classes, denominadas: "Perspectivas", "Trajetórias", "Regras da Cozinha", "Relações de Trabalho" e "Tarefas". As análises demonstraram haver um dissenso representacional, caracterizado pelo confronto de uma perspectiva negativa sobre a profissão, em que as regras, as tarefas e as relações interpessoais estabelecidas eram marcadas por práticas de violência, e outra de caráter positivo, que consistia na afirmação identitária e na busca de uma realidade distinta da vivenciada enquanto trabalhadora doméstica. Concluiu-se, então, que os relatos divulgados retratam a disputa entre representações sociais hegemônicas, associadas ao cotidiano de trabalho, e representações sociais de oposição, manifestadas nas denúncias expostas pelas profissionais na rede social, sinalizando a presença de um movimento, em espaço digital, que visa transformar a realidade ainda negativa da profissão.

This documentary study aimed to analyse the social representations about paid domestic work shared on Facebook page "Eu, Empregada Doméstica" and the social practices arising from them. For this purpose, 276 reports were collected, which comprised the corpus submitted to a Descending Hierarchical Classification in the software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire (IRaMuTeQ). The results indicated the existence of five classes, named: "Perspectives", "Trajectories", "Kitchen Rules", "Labor Relations" and "Tasks". The analysis demonstrated that there was a representational dissent, characterized by the confrontation of a negative perspective about the profession, in which the rules, tasks and interpersonal relationships established were marked by practices of violence, and another of a positive character, which consisted of the identity affirmation and in search of a different reality from that experienced as a domestic worker. It was concluded that the reports published portray the dispute between hegemonic social representations, associated with daily work, and opposition social representations, manifested in the denunciations exposed by professionals on social network, signalling the presence of a movement, in digital space, which aims to transform the still negative reality of the profession.

El presente estudio documental tuvo como objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales acerca del trabajo doméstico remunerado, compartidas en la página del Facebook: "Eu, Empregada Doméstica" y sus prácticas sociales decurrentes. Fueron colectados 276 relatos, que compusieron el corpus sometido a una Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente en el software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire (IRaMuTeQ). Los resultados indicaron la existencia de cinco clases: "Perspectivas", "Trayectorias", "Reglas de la cocina", "Relaciones de Trabajo" y "Tareas". Los análisis demostraron haber un disenso representacional, caracterizado por el confronto de una perspectiva negativa sobre la profesión, en que las reglas, las tareas y las relaciones interpersonales establecidas eran marcadas por prácticas de violencia; y otra de carácter positivo, que consistía en la afirmación identitaria y la búsqueda de una realidad distinta vivida mientras trabajadoras domésticas. Se concluye, entonces, que los relatos divulgados retratan la disputa entre las representaciones sociales hegemónicas, asociadas al cotidiano de trabajo; y representaciones sociales de oposición, manifestadas en las denuncias expuestas por las profesionales en la red social, apuntando la presencia de un movimiento, en espacio digital, que objetiva transformar la realidad aún negativa de la profesión.

Travestis e Transexuais no Brasil: Memórias de Luta e Resistência / Travestis and Transexuals in Brazil: Memories of Fight and Resistance

As reflexões do artigo são resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado realizada no Brasil, nos anos 2015-2018, abordando a luta histórica de travestis e transexuais femininas no espaço do ativis-mo. Desvendamos as práticas sociais, táticas e estratégias, tendo como foco as conquistas de espaço social e político, como a luta pela visibilidade das principais pautas do movimento trans organizado. Percorremos um caminho que abrange temporalidades diferentes. Resgatamos a importância das precursoras que contribuíram com a visibilidade da luta desde 1970. Na se-quência, abordamos um breve recorte histórico do movimento LGBT brasileiro, com a partici-pação ativista de travestis e transexuais, no marco referencial de 1990 até 2016. Por fim, cole-tamos no período de 2014 até 2016, narrativas de travestis e transexuais da cidade do Recife, nordeste do Brasil, viabilizada através de entrevistas que demonstram a continuação do legado da resistência a toda forma de violação de direitos. (AU)

The reflections of the article are the result of a master's research conducted in Brazil, in the years 2015-2018, addressing the historical struggle of female transvestites and transsexuals in the space of activism in the years 2015-2018, addressing the historical struggle of female transvestites and transsexuals in the space of activism. We unveil the social practices, tactics and strategies, focusing on the conquests of social and political space, such as the struggle for visibility of the main agendas of the organized trans movement. We follow a path that covers different temporalities. We rescue the importance of the precursors who contributed to the visibility of the struggle since 1970. Next, we address a brief historical cut of the Brazilian LGBT movement, with the activist participation of transvestites and transsexuals, in the frame of reference from 1990 to 2016. Finally, in the period from 2014 to 2016, we collected narratives of transvestites and transsexuals from the city of Recife, northeastern Brazil, made possible through interviews that demonstrate the continuation of the legacy of resistance to all forms of rights violation. (AU)

Home drinking practices among middle-class adults in midlife during the COVID-19 pandemic: Material ubiquity, automatic routines and embodied states.

INTRODUCTION: Harmful drinking is increasing among mid-life adults. Using social practice theory, this research investigated the knowledge, actions, materials, places and temporalities that comprise home drinking practices among middle-class adults (40-65 years) in Aotearoa New Zealand during 2021-2022 and post the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. METHODS: Nine friendship groups (N = 45; 26 females, 19 males from various life stages and ethnicities) discussed their drinking practices. A subset of 10 participants (8 female, 2 male) shared digital content (photos, screenshots) about alcohol and drinking over 2 weeks, which they subsequently discussed in an individual interview. Group and interview transcripts were thematically analysed using the digital content to inform the analysis. RESULTS: Three themes were identified around home drinking practices, namely: (i) alcohol objects as everywhere, embedded throughout spaces and places in the home; (ii) drinking practices as habitual, automatic and conditioned to mundane everyday domestic chores, routines and times; and (iii) drinking practices intentionally used by participants to achieve desired embodied states to manage feelings linked to domestic and everyday routines. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol was normalised and everywhere within the homes of these midlife adults. Alcohol-related objects and products had their own agency, being entangled with domestic routines and activities, affecting drinking in both automatic and intentional ways. Developing alcohol policy that would change its ubiquitous and ordinary status, and the 'automatic' nature of many drinking practices, is needed. This includes restricting marketing and availability to disrupt the acceptability and normalisation of alcohol in the everyday domestic lives of adults at midlife.

Managing inpatient bed setup: an action-research approach using lean technical practices and lean social practices.

PURPOSE: This article aims to introduce a guide to improving hospital bed setup by combining lean technical practices (LTPs), such as kaizen and value stream mapping (VSM) and lean social practices (LSPs), such as employee empowerment. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Action research approach was employed to analyze the process of reconfiguration of bed setup management in a Brazilian public hospital. FINDINGS: The study introduces three contributions: (1) presents the use of VSM focused specifically on bed setup, while the current literature presents studies mainly focused on patient flow management, (2) combines the use of LSPs and LTPs in the context of bed management, expanding current studies that are focused either on mathematical models or on social and human aspects of work, (3) introduces a practical guide based on six steps that combine LSPs and LSPs to improve bed setup management. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: The research focused on the analysis of patient beds. Surgical beds, delivery, emergency care and intensive care unit (ICU) were not considered in this study. In addition, the process indicators analyzed after the implementation of the improvements did not contemplate the moment of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, this research focused on the implementation of the improvement in the context of only one Brazilian public hospital. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The combined use of LSPs and LTPs can generate considerable gains in bed setup efficiency and consequently increase the capacity of a hospital to admit new patients, without the ampliation of the physical space and workforce. SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS: The improvement of bed setup has an important social character, whereas it can generate important social benefits such as the improvement of the admission service to patients, reducing the waiting time, reducing hospitalization costs and improving the hospital capacity without additional physical resources. All these results are crucial for populations, their countries and regions. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: While the current literature on bed management is more focused on formal models or pure human and social perspectives, this article brings these two perspectives together in a single, holistic framework. As a result, this article points out that the complex bed management problem can be efficiently solved by combining LSPs and LTPs to present theoretical and practical contributions to the important social problem of hospital bed management.

Understanding the process of meanings, materials, and competencies in adoption of mobile banking.

COVID-19 has changed the way people live, bank, shop, and work by moving them toward digitalization. It has also driven the trend toward a cashless society, and this change has taken place in an increasingly uncertain and fearful environment. This study explores the social practice of mobile banking (MB) adoption during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from banking customers and managers using online customer reviews, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups to develop an in-depth understanding of the subjective realities of their use of MB. This approach also ensured that social distancing practices were maintained during interviews conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak. Analysis of the data suggests that social media, social circles, family members, and teams of customer service agents play an important role in developing the social practice of MB. This study culminates in the presentation of the social practice of MB adoption (SPOTA) framework. This framework is based on extended social practice theory in the context of MB adoption. The study discusses the practical implications of the findings for systems developers. The many expectations of people with or without disabilities of MB are discussed and the findings could be used to improve the accessibility and habitual practice of MB adoption.

Convenient consumption: a critical qualitative inquiry into the gambling practices of younger women in Australia.

There are a range of stereotypes and assumptions associated with women's gambling behaviours. While researchers have demonstrated that the practices associated with women's gambling are changing and becoming increasingly normalized, there is a limited understanding of how younger women ascribe meanings to these practices. This study explored the gambling practices of younger women. Forty-one women (20-40 years) participated in qualitative telephone interviews. Participants were asked open-ended questions about personal engagement in gambling, including experiences of gambling, gambling engagement, and experiences with different gambling products and environments. Data interpretation was guided by reflexive thematic analysis. Three themes were constructed from the data: (i) gambling infrastructures, including both products and the embedding of gambling in community environments, contributed to the convenient and regular consumption of gambling, with gambling easy to access and engage with; (ii) social networks and intergenerational gambling practices impacted the perceived social value and competencies related to gambling; and (iii) technology facilitated new gambling practices, routinizing gambling behaviours through automation and building perceived competencies with a range of gambling products. Gambling regulation and public health responses to gambling often focus on either individual behaviours or product characteristics. This study suggests that this focus is too narrow and excludes important influences on younger women's gambling practices, which include the infrastructure that supports the provision and consumption of gambling products. Public health research, policy and practice must consider the full range of determinants that may contribute to the initiation and continuation of gambling in younger women.

Younger women's engagement with gambling is changing. While there has been a significant focus on the gambling behaviours of men, very little research has investigated how women engage in different forms of gambling. We conducted in-depth telephone interviews with n = 41 women (20­40 years) in Australia about their personal engagement in gambling, their experiences of gambling, their motivations to gamble, and their engagement with different gambling products and environments. First, we found that the embedding of gambling in community environments (e.g. lotteries at shopping centres) meant that gambling was easy to access and engage with. This led to the convenient and regular consumption of some gambling products. Second, existing social practices among participants' social networks (including friends and family members) contributed to women feeling that gambling had social value, and that they had the skills to successfully participate in different forms of gambling. Finally, new technologies created routine gambling behaviours. For example, women automated the purchase of lottery tickets or used apps to help to build complex bets on activities such as sports. We conclude that public health and health promotion research, policy and practice must consider the unique factors that may influence the gambling behaviours of younger women.

[HOMEOSTASIS AS A TOOL FOR STUDYING TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH].

The analysis of homeostasis as a tool for restraining, saving, security and rehabilitation technologies which ensures the sustainable functioning of the human organism through the cultivation of health-saving and rehabilitation technologies, as well as health programs, preventive (anti-alcohol, anti-nicotine, drug addicts) and recreational activities, upbringing of health culture and also environmental, medical treatment practices and correctional technologies. The cyclic mechanism of homeostasis is described, which works on the principle of alternating modes of behavior of the social system - structures for generating order and structures for maintaining order. The functioning stability of the human organism is relative and has the nature of a dynamic balance, fluctuating around a certain average value and constantly deviating from it either in the direction of positive, strengthening changes, or in the direction of negative and destructive ones.

'I wanted to share with you some of my healthy habits': YouTubers' staging of health-related practices.

Professional YouTubers have become highly popular in producing video content through self-mediation. Objective. The present article aimed to study ways in which lifestyle YouTubers construct health practices in their videos within the YouTube media culture. Design. We conducted a narrative and visual analysis across a selection of 15 videos. Results. Results showed that YouTubers' practices and recommendations for a better life were structured around three themes: Eating to live well; Exercising to live well; Resting to live well and, a fourth cross-cutting theme on Practices aimed at self-development to achieve health and happiness. YouTubers were mainly female presenting, as well as middle/upper-class and white appearing. An overall optimistic tone characterised their health stories, as they delivered personal experiences of success on becoming healthy, happy, and better persons, while encouraging viewers to act similarly. Our findings suggested that YouTubers actively contribute to construct unprecedented definitions of health, enhanced by the social media culture and broader societal logics of healthism and postfeminism. Conclusion. Our study constitutes an original contribution to critical health psychology by examining some of the paradoxes raised by social media influencers like YouTubers regarding health and wellbeing.

Impact of lean service, workplace environment, and social practices on the operational performance of India post service industry.

This paper aims to study the determinants of the Lean Service System (LSS) on the Operational Performance (OP) of India's mail service in the National Sorting Hub (NSH), Mangaluru, Karnataka, the southern part of India. Measuring the OP in mail service is a big challenge in the postal service industry. Hence, we have conducted a survey, and 150 usable data has measured the impact of Lean Service Practices (LSP), Lean Workplace Environment Practices (LWEP), and Lean Social Practices (LSoP) on the OP. The results are analyzed from the partial least square based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with the support of R programming. The analysis shows that there is positive and significant impact of LSP (ß = 0.380, p < .05), followed by LWEP (ß = 0.281, p < .05), and LSoP (ß = 0.266, p < .05) on OP. The practical effect of the findings of LSS are effectively implemented for enhancing the OP of the business. This research addresses the appropriate empirical model to test LSS in India's postal service industry, which is scant in the existing literature. Moreover, this study helps India Post to review its policy so as to sustain the effectiveness of Lean Service (LS) implementation.

From urban waste to urban farmers: Can we close the agriculture loop within the city bounds?

As urbanisation intensifies in Brazilian cities, life quality in urban centres becomes a challenge for policymakers, and transitioning urban systems to sustainability is required. Circular economy concepts may contribute to face them, especially those owing to municipal solid waste (MSW) management. Curitiba, a Brazilian municipality known for its innovative initiatives towards sustainability. Despite a long tradition in recycling inert waste, MSW system struggles to promote composting even considering a decade in force national law. Decentralised composting through the Urban Agriculture Program (UAP) is the city's strategy to tackle this struggle. This strategy faces difficulties as, even if urban agriculture facilities seem to be a promising context, closing the agricultural loop within the city bounds was not possible in the 24 urban farmers communities trained in composting techniques. The literature has shown difficulties in government experiments to promote practices in the long run and several experiences in Brazil are already described. This study reveals cultural barriers that influence adoption of domestic composting, by following a secondary data review on past experiences with interviewing and observing participatively urban farms communities. From the fieldwork, cultural perspectives from four different relevant actor roles in the UAP were elaborated and conflicts between them revealed cultural barriers hindering composting practices adoption. Recommendations based on these barriers argue for bottom-up approaches for transition experiments and recognising the sense material and technical support makes to practitioners.

Alasdair MacIntyre e a Filosofia do Esporte: uma discussão comparativa sobre o conceito de prática / Alasdair MacIntyre and the Philosophy of Sport: a comparative discussion on the concept of practice / Alasdair MacIntyre y la Filosofía del Deporte: una discusión comparada sobre el concepto de práctica

RESUMO O artigo teve por objetivo apresentar o conceito de práticas sociais do filósofo Alasdair MacIntyre, a partir de seus usos na Filosofia do Esporte, e compará-lo com o conceito de práticas corporais mobilizado na literatura brasileira do campo da Educação Física. A discussão foi realizada a partir de uma revisão narrativa de ambos os conceitos, buscando contextualizar seus percursos epistemológicos, apropriações e possíveis fragilidades e potencialidades. Foi possível constatar que o conceito de práticas de MacIntyre é dotado de estabilidade e possibilita a investigação estruturada de questões específicas dos esportes, mas possui menor amplitude de significantes comparado ao conceito de práticas corporais.

ABSTRACT The article aimed to present the concept of social practices of the philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre, based on its uses in the Philosophy of Sport, and compare it with the concept of bodily practices mobilized in the Brazilian literature in the field of Physical Education. The discussion was carried out from a narrative review of both concepts, seeking to contextualize their epistemological paths, appropriations and possible weaknesses and potentialities. It was possible to verify that MacIntyre's concept of practices is endowed with stability and allows for a structured investigation of specific sports issues, but it has a smaller amplitude of signifiers when compared to the concept of bodily practices.

RESUMEN El artículo tuvo como objetivo presentar el concepto de prácticas sociales del filósofo Alasdair MacIntyre, basado en sus usos en la Filosofía del Deporte, y compararlo con el concepto de prácticas corporales movilizado en la literatura brasileña en el campo de la Educación Física. La discusión se realizó a partir de una revisión narrativa de ambos conceptos, buscando contextualizar sus trayectorias epistemológicas, apropiaciones y posibles debilidades y potencialidades. Se pudo verificar que el concepto de prácticas de MacIntyre está dotado de estabilidad y permite una investigación estructurada de cuestiones deportivas específicas, pero tiene un rango de significantes menor en comparación con el concepto de prácticas corporales.

[Implementation of advanced social practices based on innovative gerontotechnologies in the system of long-term care for elderly and senile patients.]

From 2017 to the present a scientific project «The use of dermatoprotectors to improve the quality of life of geriatric patients with age-associated xerosis (AAX)¼ has been realized as part of a typical model of a long-term care system in order to introduce the innovative gerontotechnologies as advanced social practices in further optimization of social and medical care for elderly and senile patients in Leningrad Region. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the dermatoprotectors application in the improvement of the quality of life, prevention and correction of AAX. The AAX clinical manifestations have been studied before and after the emollients use. The cohort under study has included geriatric patients with senile asthenia from seven institutions of social protection of the Leningrad Region. In the foreign literature, such patients are called «fragile¼. The data thus obtained indicate that AAX as a manifestation of skin «fragility¼ during aging can be considered as a component of the geriatric syndrome of senile asthenia in patients of older age groups. The development of skin «fragility¼ significantly reduces the quality of life of geriatric patients and requires timely prevention and correction with adequately selected dermatoprotectors.

Learning Systems versus Future Everyday Domestic Life: A Designer's Interpretation of Social Practice Imaginaries.

Smart home technologies with the ability to learn over time promise to adjust their actions to inhabitants' unique preferences and circumstances. For example, by learning to anticipate their routines. However, these promises show frictions with the reality of everyday life, which is characterized by its complexity and unpredictability. These systems and their design can thus benefit from meaningful ways of eliciting reflections on potential challenges for integrating learning systems into everyday domestic contexts, both for the inhabitants of the home as for the technologies and their designers. For example, is there a risk that inhabitants' everyday lives will reshape to accommodate the learning system's preference for predictability and measurability? To this end, in this paper we build a designer's interpretation on the Social Practice Imaginaries method as developed by Strengers et al. to create a set of diverse, plausible imaginaries for the year 2030. As a basis for these imaginaries, we have selected three social practices in a domestic context: waking up, doing groceries, and heating/cooling the home. For each practice, we create one imaginary in which the inhabitants' routine is flawlessly supported by the learning system and one that features everyday crises of that routine. The resulting social practice imaginaries are then viewed through the perspective of the inhabitant, the learning system, and the designer. In doing so, we aim to enable designers and design researchers to uncover a diverse and dynamic set of implications the integration of these systems in everyday life pose.

Gendered social practices in reproductive health: A qualitative study exploring lived experiences of unwed single mothers in China.

China's family planning policy has historically silenced the voices of women, especially unwed single mothers at the expense of their reproductive health and overall wellbeing. Further, reproductive decisions in China are closely intertwined with marriage decisions and intergenerational dynamics, highlighting the relevance of gender in women's reproductive health experiences. Chinese unwed single mothers are in particular penalized for violating the gendered social norms supported by the national reproductive policies. Drawing on previous work that calls on the need to explore gender system and its influence on health, this manuscript explores the ways in which gender norms are played out for the unwed single mothers within romantic and intergenerational relations, with impacts on their reproductive health and decision-making. The findings show that reproductive decisions are interwoven with the fulfilment of other gendered identities, such as daughter, daughter-in-law and wife. Although the decision to go through unwed motherhood is reflective of their agency, the tie between childbirth and marriage does not allow the women to entirely break free from the social system. The findings also highlight the importance of considering the role of gender system that is played out within social relations, which in turn impacts the health of the women.

Varying levels of protection against Plasmodium falciparium infection were conferred on non-users of long lasting insecticidal nets (LLINS) sleeping in rooms where different number of LLINS were hung in hyper endemic state of West Africa.

The use of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) has greatly reduced the health and economic impact posed by malaria. This study evaluated the residual effect of LLINs on malaria parasite infections among non-LLIN users sleeping in rooms where nets were hung. This study was carried out at Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. A total of 259 students were systematically recruited into this study and were classified into two groups of LLINs users and non-users. The LLIN users were further classified according to the proportion of net usage and this includes; < 50%, exactly 50% and > 50% respectively. Finger prick blood samples were collected from the participants and microscopically analysed for the presence of parasites. Demographic characteristics were also recorded. A general prevalence of 40.5% positivity for malaria was recorded among the study population. A significantly high prevalence (p < 0.05) of malaria was recorded among non-users of LLINs compared to users (AOR 4.66, 95%CI 1.27-17.06). A significantly low prevalence of malaria parasite infection was recorded among non-users of LLINs occupying rooms where LLINs was hung compared with non-users from rooms where LLIN were not used. Furthermore, a reduction in prevalence of malaria and parasite densities was observed among non-users of LLINs (occupying rooms where LLINs was hung) as the proportion of LLIN usage increased in such rooms (p < 0.05). This study showed that some level of protection may be conferred on non-users of LLINs staying in rooms where LLINs are hung.