Attitude of undergraduate medical students towards euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: A cross-sectional study.

Euthanasia is categorically prohibited in Pakistan by Islamic law, but a clash of opinions among doctors and human rights advocates still prevails. As a result, medical students are becoming concerned about its practice and this problem needs to be addressed. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Faisalabad Medical University (FMU), Pakistan, from April 2023 to May 2023, using random sampling and statistical programme SPSS version 25, to assess the attitudes of medical students regarding euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS). Despite the conditions and scenarios presented to the students, most of them expressed opposition to euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide because of their religious beliefs and optimistic approach to life. Most of them favoured palliative care and passive euthanasia. Some students showed compliance with euthanasia even though it is equivalent to murder in Islam. Such contrasting results can baffle a physician to make wise decisions. Hence, it must be covered in medical curriculum in depth in order to help the future physicians clearly understand its practice under all circumstances.

Impact of the internet on English language learning among university students: mediating role of academic self-efficacy.

The internet is a valuable resource in a technologically evolved society. The extant literature suggests that their scientific and educational usages are still limited. The current study asserts that the internet can provide new learning environments and opportunities for Chinese university students, hence increasing their motivation to learn. Particularly, the current study considers this to be the case for learning a foreign language (English), which leads to more efficient and effective language learning experiences, as well as more positive attitudes toward the efficiency of the internet for educational purposes. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were employed to gather data from 15 public and private Chinese universities (406 students), those who are currently enrolled in English language courses. The analysis was performed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) on smart PLS 4 software. Results revealed that student's attitude toward the use of internet positively and significantly influence English language learning. Moreover, the mediating variable academic self-efficacy positively and significantly mediates the relationship between students' attitude toward use of internet and English language learning. The current study recommends that students' academic self-efficacy in learning a new language can be enhanced by giving them opportunities to learn internet skills. Further, students' confidence in their academic abilities can be boosted using student-centered teaching strategies.

Rwandan secondary school students' attitudes in learning chemistry: explored with task-based instruction.

This study intended to explore the contribution of Task-Based Learning (TBL) to raising students' attitudes toward learning chemistry. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design with 369 secondary school grade-2 students in Rwanda. The study randomly assigned students to two groups of differentiated instruction. Thus, the experimental group was exposed to the TBL method, while a control group was taught the teacher-centered method. An internationally standardized Chemistry attitude questionnaire of 0.831 Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was used before and after teaching and learning activity. The Kruskal Wallis test was computed in SPSS 23.0 to measure the effect of TBLin raising positive attitudes among students in the experimental group compared to the control group. The attitude gain was measured from pre-test to post-test in attitude variables. This study showed a statistically significant difference between the control group and the experimental group (ꭓ2 = 4.118, df = 1, p < .05). Furthermore, the students perceived chemistry's importance more than the other three variables (difficulty, interest, and usefulness of chemistry). Results also showed that gender affected students' perceptions of learning chemistry. Females students developed more positive attitudes than male students. However, school location statistically affecting students' attitudes towards chemistry. The study result implies that TBL method helped to increase students' attitudes toward chemistry. Recommendations were given to implement TBL methods in the chemistry classroom.

Time lagged investigation of entrepreneurship school innovation climate and students motivational outcomes: Moderating role of students' attitude toward technology.

Based on the reinforcement theory of motivation, the purpose of this research was to measure the effect of school innovation climate on students' motivational outcomes, including behavioral engagement, academic self-efficacy, interest, and utility value. Furthermore, the conditional influence of students' attitude toward technology on the link between school innovation climate and students' motivating outcomes has been investigated and reported. Data were gathered from the 305 entrepreneurship program students of five different universities located in Wuhan, China. In the SamrtPLS 3.3.3 program, the analysis was carried out using SEM. Results revealed that the school innovation climate has a favorable impact on improving the motivating outcomes of students. Additionally, results also provided support for moderation hypotheses that "students' attitude toward technology" moderated the relationship between "school innovation climate" and academic self-efficacy. On the contrary, "students' attitudes about technology," did not appear to be a significant moderator in terms of enhancing the influence of the "school innovation atmosphere" on the students' behavioral engagement, interest, and utility value. This study provides key policy and theoretical and practical implications as well as future research avenues for entrepreneurial school managers and education scholars.

The improvement of 10th students' mathematical communication skills through learning ellipse topics.

Mathematical education in general, and mathematics education at high schools in particular, creates favorable conditions for students to develop essential and core competencies and assists students in improving their mathematical competence as a foundation for good learning. It also promotes necessary skills for society, in which mathematical communication skills are essential skills. The purpose of the research is to enhance students' mathematical communication skills while studying ellipse topics. In this study, 87 students in the tenth grade were tested to see if the teaching process for accelerating the development of mathematical communication skills related to ellipse topics was effective and possible. Students in the experimental class were instructed using a four-step learning model with the activities regarding the ACODESA method and mind map, whereas students in the control class were guided using the conventional way of instruction. A study design involving a pre-test, a treatment, and a post-test was used to determine the effectiveness of this type of teaching approach. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the gathered data assessed the students' progress in mathematical language activities. The findings indicated that most students' mathematical communication skills regarding ellipse topics had improved significantly. The learners towards the above process also showed a positive attitude. In addition, the research findings have important implications and recommendations.

Development and validation of a students' remote learning attitude scale (RLAS) in higher education.

Considering the distinct particularities of emergency remote education (ERE) and the urgent need for new or adjusted measurement models, this study develops and validates a multidimensional instrument to measure students' attitude towards ERE. The Remote Learning Attitude Scale (RLAS) was explored and validated on a sample of 142 students participating in fully remote teaching and learning university programmes during the covid-19 crisis, in Greece. The exploratory factor analysis clearly revealed five dimensions, and the model was evaluated through PLS-SEM confirmatory factor analysis. The study also found that the students' field of study and prior experience in distance learning cause differentiations in RLAS dimensions, while gender and age make no statistical differences. Results indicate that RLAS is a practical and effective tool for evaluating the university students' attitude towards remote as opposed to traditional teaching and learning.

Effect of mobile learning on academic achievement and attitude of Sudanese dental students: a preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: Despite the great development of smart phone programs and applications, and the wide-spread of these devices among students, their use for the educational purposes remains weak. The study aimed to investigate to what extent utilizing mobile learning as an adjunct to classic classroom lectures affect students' academic achievement and, to assess their attitude toward using mobile application as an instructional method in dental education. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among undergraduate dental students from two Sudanese universities. A total of 67 students who voluntarily agreed to participate were randomly allocated into a control group of 33 and an intervention group of 34 students. Initially, the two groups undertook a pre-test to ensure the standardization of a scale regarding their existing academic knowledge of dental surgery forceps used for tooth extraction. Then the intervention group was provided with a mobile application (Dental Surgical Forceps application version 2.1.0.0), and 3 weeks later a post-test was given for both groups. The attitude of the students toward the effectiveness of mobile learning was as assessed by five-point Likert scale questionnaire. For comparison of the numerical parametric data, a T. test was used, while for non-parametric categorical data a Chi-Squire test was used, with level of statistical significant difference set at P-value of ≤0.05. RESULTS: The response rate was 91% for the intervention group (31 out of 34 students completed the study), and 78% for the control group (26 out of 33 students completed the study). Statistical significant difference was observed between the pretest and post-test mean scores of the intervention group (P < 0.005), while the differences were not significant among the control group (P > 0.05). Regarding the attitude of the dental students, the mean scores of the sample indicate that the vast majority of the participants (93.5%) showed positive attitude regarding the effectiveness of mobile learning. CONCLUSIONS: There is a marked difference in the students' scores regarding their knowledge of dental surgical forceps. The students showed positive attitude toward using the mobile application.

Is the medical teacher's mental health neglected? Effects of perceived student attitudes and behaviors on mental health and lifestyle of teachers in a rural university of western Maharashtra in India.

BACKGROUND: A medical teacher is a practitioner, teacher, trainer, and researcher all at once. There are very few studies assessing stress among medical teachers. With landmark policy changes, disruption and ongoing pandemic, looking at the mental health of medical teachers assumes greater importance. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the teaching faculty of medical, dental, nursing, and physiotherapy colleges affiliated within a rural medical university in western Maharashtra. A convenience sample of 100 teachers was taken and a self-report questionnaire was used to collect data from the teachers. Stress was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale. RESULTS: Low stress scores (0-13) were seen in 43% of teachers, 55% had moderate stress scores (14-26), and 2% had high stress scores (27-40). Teaching was reported as a stressor by only 8%, whereas administrative work, lifestyle, family responsibilities, finances, patient care, professional jealousy, competition, and frequently changing norms were more commonly reported stressors. The overt focus on entrance test preparation, over-reliance on mobile phones, short attention span, poor listening skills, lack of interpersonal skills, lack of initiative to acquire clinical skills, lack of punctuality, and transactional nature toward learning were some of the perceived faults in the attitude of medical students as reported by the teachers. CONCLUSION: Teachers are coping with changing trends in technology and attitude of students toward learning and shoulder a multitude of responsibilities while creating doctors and healthcare professionals of the future. Attention needs to be paid to their health.

Assessment of students' attitude and level of community involvement in community-based education at training sites in Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to assess the students' attitude towards community based education and the level of community involvement in community-based education. RESULT: Among the 634 community members participated in this study, 64.4% were aware of the community-based education program and 86.5% of these participants have favorable attitude towards the program. The level of community involvement in the activities of students in this study is 40.9%. About 72% of the students have favorable attitude towards community based education. Female students were more likely to have favorable attitude toward the program [AOR: 7.64 (CI 1.80, 32.50)]. On the other hand, students who have low participation during group assignment [AOR: 0.07 (CI 0.01, 0.95)] and those with lower socially conscious attitude [AOR: 0.02 (0.01, 0.08)] were less likely to have favorable attitude.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Education and Medical Students' Attitudes toward CAM / 한양의대학술지

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), also referred to as complementary medicine describes those unconventional healthcare practices that are not considered standard medical approaches. The increasing popularity and use of CAM modalities by consumers indicate a high need to integrate CAM education into conventional medical curriculum and evaluate CAM-related educational outcomes including the medical students' attitudes towards CAM. The number of Korean medical schools offering courses in CAM has risen sharply in recent years. Educational courses of study in CAM have developed. The Korean Society of Complementary and Integrative Medicine proposed a standard 16-hour CAM curriculum for medical students. The CAM Health Belief Questionnaire (CHBQ) is useful in measuring the medical students' attitudes toward CAM theories and practices. The students have shown positive attitudes toward CAM. The findings of positive attitude/beliefs toward CAM is useful for guiding future CAM curriculum development. The didactic CAM instruction curriculum appeared not to have additionally impacted on already positive attitudes toward CAM. It seems that we have to collect information on changes in CAM knowledge and skills to demonstrate an increase in these domains of learning.