RESUMO
An unparalleled struggle has been witnessed among the urban women informal workers of Midnapore and Kharagpur cities in West Bengal, India. Many researchers have advocated and are advocating about the deadly impact of COVID-19 pandemic situation on the women informal workers but very few were concentrated on their coping capabilities. These women in the study area have set an example before others that how can one survive her livelihood in the time of critical situation. Despite all the hardships they have been fighting their own lonely battle not only against this situation but also a lot of serious threats like insecurity, low resources and low standard of living. This study mainly highlights the measures taken by these poor women to cope with this situation for the survival of their families along with the external supports provided for them. This is strictly a perception based study conducted among 500 women selected by purposive sampling procedure across age, ethnicity, income and educational level during unlock phases with the help of semi-structured and open ended questionnaire schedule. The result reveals that although their capabilities and efforts to cope with this devastating situation are praiseworthy but it is a hard reality that this pandemic put its evil imprint in every step of their daily livelihoods. The various measures have already been taken by the government but, these measures have to be continued till the situation will become normal along with gender sensitive long term benefit.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: To determine the factors associated with outcomes in patients with core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) in first relapse. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 92 patients with CBF-AML in first relapse who presented to our institution from 1990-2014. Clinical and demographic parameters were included in univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model to predict overall survival. RESULTS: Among the 92 relapsed patients, 60 (65%) patients had inv (16) and 32 (35%) had t (8;21). The median survival for patients with inv(16) cytogenetic group was 15.6 months (range 10.32 to 20.88 months) while for the t(8;21) group was 9 months (range 3.68 to 14.32) (P = .004). Univariate Cox model analysis showed that increased age, high white blood cell count, t (8;21) cytogenetic group, and high bone marrow blast percentage were associated with poor overall outcome, while stem cell transplant intervention was associated with better survival. Additional cytogenetic aberrations at relapse were not associated with survival outcomes (P = .4). Multivariate Cox model analysis showed that t(8;21) cytogenetic group has more hazard of death after adjusting, age, marrow blast percentage, blood cell count, and stem cell transplant(hazard ratio 1.802; P = .02). CONCLUSION: Among patients with relapsed CBF-AML, median survival was less than a year and half and the outcome was worse in patients with t (8;21). Despite the relatively better outcomes, dedicated clinical trials are needed to improve the outcome in all patients with relapsed CBF-AML.