Impact of Service-Learning on Physiotherapy Students: Exercise Programs for Patients with Heart Transplantation and Acute Coronary Syndrome-A Randomized Clinical Trial.

INTRODUCTION: Service-learning (SL) seems to be useful for healthcare students. This study aimed at comparing an SL program versus a traditional approach (TA) on moral sensitivity, ethical competences, knowledge, teaching quality, SL participation and performance, and satisfaction in physiotherapy students. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial. A total of 32 physiotherapy students were allocated to an SL group (SLG, n = 16), or to a TA group (TAG, n = 16). Participants had to create an exercise program for patients with heart transplantation and acute coronary syndrome. The SLG performed the program with real patients, whilst the TAG performed a traditional collaborative approach. Moral sensitivity, ethical competences, knowledge and teaching quality were assessed pre- and post-intervention. SL participation and performance and satisfaction of the SLG were assessed post-intervention. RESULTS: After the intervention, the SLG showed higher moral sensitivity, ethical competences, knowledge and reported better teaching quality than the TAG. The SL program was useful, addressed a real need, contributed to learning, helped to solve problems, facilitated better comprehension, increased motivation, and students would like to use SL in other subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The SL program had a positive impact on students, encouraging the implementation of similar SL interventions. SL may be considered a teaching-learning methodology of choice in physiotherapy students.

Las guías de autorregulación del aprendizaje ¿influyen en el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de carreras de ciencias de la salud? / Do self-regulation guidelines influence the academic performance of health science students?

La guía de autorregulación del aprendizaje es un instrumento de aprendizaje y evaluación cuya estructura de planificación, ejecución y reflexión permite trabajar en función de los resultados de aprendizaje esperados en una unidad del programa de un curso. El objetivo del estudio compara el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de 4to año, de nutrición y dietética de la asignatura de Dietoterapia en patologías complejas durante el año 2019 con otro grupo que no utilizó guías de autorregulación en el mismo curso durante el año 2018. La muestra fue de tipo no probabilística discrecional n=51 estudiantes (2018), n=49 estudiantes (2019). Se evaluó la percepción de los estudiantes mediante un instrumento de valoración, tipo Likert y se contrastaron las calificaciones obtenidas mediante T Student. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron una mejora significativa en las calificaciones de los estudiantes que utilizaron guías de autorregulación. Logrando un promedio más alto en comparación con estudiantes que trabajaron con metodología tradicional (p> 0,05). La percepción de los estudiantes indicó que la guía de autorregulación del aprendizaje es una herramienta que permite mejorar sus calificaciones y planificar sus tiempos de estudios.

The learning self-regulation guide is a learning and evaluation instrument whose planning, execution and reflection structure allows working according to the expected learning outcomes in a unit of a course program. The objective of the study compares the academic performance of 4th year students, nutrition and dietetics of the subject of Dietotherapy in complex pathologies during the year 2019 with another group that did not use self-regulation guidelines in the same course during the year 2018. The sample It was discretionary non-probabilistic n = 51 students (2018), n = 49 students (2019). The perception of the students was evaluated by means of a Likert-type assessment instrument and the grades obtained by T Student were contrasted. The results obtained a significant improvement in the grades of the students who used self-regulation guides. Achieving a higher average compared to students who worked with traditional methodology (p > 0.05). The perception of students indicates that the self-regulation learning guide is a tool that allows them to improve their grades and plan their study times.

Attitude, perception and feedback of second year medical students on teaching-learning methodology and evaluation methods in pharmacology: A questionnaire-based study.

BACKGROUND: To assess the student's attitude, perception and feedback on teaching-learning methodology and evaluation methods in pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty second year medical students studying at Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College, Pune, were selected. They were administered a pre-validated questionnaire containing 22 questions. Suggestions were also asked regarding the qualities of good pharmacology teachers and modification in pharmacology teaching methods. Descriptive statistics were used and results were expressed as percentage. RESULTS: Majority of the students found cardiovascular system (49.25%) as the most interesting topic in pharmacology, whereas most of the students opined that cardiovascular system (60.10%), chemotherapy (54.06%) and central nervous system (44.15%) are going to be the most useful topics in internship. 48.53% students preferred clinical/patient-related pharmacology and 39.13% suggested use of audiovisual-aided lectures. Prescription writing and criticism of prescription were amongst the most useful and interesting in practical pharmacology. Students expressed interest in microteaching and problem-based learning, whereas seminars, demonstrations on manikin and museum studies were mentioned as good adjuvants to routine teaching. Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) practice tests and theory viva at the end of a particular system and periodical written tests were mentioned as effective evaluation methods. Students were found to have lot of interest in gathering information on recent advances in pharmacology and suggested to include new drug information along with prototype drugs in a comparative manner. CONCLUSION: There is a need of conducting few microteaching sessions and more of clinical-oriented problem-based learning with MCQ-based revisions at the end of each class in the pharmacology teaching at undergraduate level.

Formação inovadora em Terapia Ocupacional / Innovative training in Occupational Therapy / Formación innovadora en Terapia Ocupacional

As instituições de Ensino Superior enfrentam o desafio de implementarem propostas pedagógicas traduzidas no desempenho satisfatório do estudante para uma formação de qualidade. Ainda, as políticas públicas ressaltam a necessidade de mudança na formação de profissionais de saúde voltada para as necessidades da população. Descreve-se a construção do projeto pedagógico do curso de Terapia Ocupacional (TO) da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, no qual se propõe a formação reflexiva, levando o formando a interagir com o conhecimento de forma autônoma, flexível e criativa. O currículo é integrado, interdisciplinar e orientado por competência, no qual a prática profissional é fundamentada em capacidades voltadas para o enfrentamento de situações em diferentes contextos. A concepção pedagógica adotada é a socioconstrutivista, e são utilizadas metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem, tais como a aprendizagem baseada em problemas e problematização.

Higher education institutions face the challenge of implementing educational proposals that lead the students to satisfactory development for quality training. Moreover, public policies highlight the need for changes in healthcare professionals' training regarding the population's needs. This article describes the creation of the pedagogical project for the occupational therapy course at the Federal University of São Carlos. Reflective education was proposed, thereby leading students to interact with knowledge in an independent, flexible and creative way. This is an integrated, interdisciplinary and competence-oriented curriculum. Its professional practice is based on abilities focused on dealing with situations in different contexts. The pedagogical conceptualization was based on the socioconstructivism theory. Active teaching and learning methodologies such as problem-based learning and problem-setting are used.

Las instituciones de enseñanza superior afrontan el desafío de implementar propuestas que se traducen en un desempeño satisfactorio del estudiante para una formación de calidad. Las políticas públicas destacan la necesidad de cambio en la formación de los profesionales de la salud de acuerdo con las necesidades de la población. Se describe el proyecto pedagógico del curso de Terapia Ocupacional (TO) de la Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil, en el cual se propone la formación reflexiva, que hace con que el alumno interactúe con el conocimiento de una manera autónoma, flexible y creativa. Es un currículo integrado, interdisciplinario y orientado por competências. La práctica profesional se basa en afrontar situaciones en contextos diferentes. Está adaptada en el socio-constructivismo y se utiliza de metodologías activas como el aprendizaje basado en problemas y la problematismo.

Portfólio: desafio de portar mais que folhas: a visão do docente de odontologia / The portfolio system and the challenge of carrying more than classroom notes: the view of a dentistry professor

O objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender a concepção dos docentes da área de Saúde Coletiva do curso de Odontologia da UFPB no uso do portfólio reflexivo. A adoção de novas abordagens metodológicas e consequente avaliação desses processos foram disparadas pelo Programa de Reorientação da Formação dos Profissionais em Saúde (Pró-Saúde). A abordagem qualitativa foi a opção metodológica, e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com os docentes. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir da técnica de análise do conteúdo. Constataram-se duas dimensões do uso do portfólio. A primeira diz respeito ao seu uso como ferramenta de reflexão e acompanhamento das vivências dos estudantes. A segunda trata do fato de que essa experiência nesses dois anos reflete a necessidade de continuação dos registros, pois é uma forma de ampliar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, além do diálogo entre professores e estudantes, oferecendo a criação de vínculo. Por fim, os docentes compreendem que é preciso o aprimoramento da aplicação do portfólio, o que tem acontecido de maneira gradual a cada semestre, contribuindo ativamente para a construção de profissionais mais reflexivos, críticos, norteando a autoavaliação e trabalhando a autonomia do estudante.

This study aimed to understand professors' perceptions towards the use of the reflexive portfolio in the area of public health at the UFPB School of Dentistry. The adoption and evaluation of new methodologies were launched by the Program for the Reorientation of Professional Training in Health (Pró-Saúde). The methodological approach was qualitative, and the data were collected using interviews with professors. The data were processed using the content analysis technique. Two dimensions were identified in use of the portfolio: 1) as a tool for reflection and follow-up of the students' experiences and 2) an analysis of the fact that this two-year experience reveals the need to continue the records, as a way of expanding the teaching/learning process, beyond the dialogue between professors and students, fostering ties between them. Finally, the professors appreciated the need to improve the portfolio's use, which has happened gradually each semester, contributing actively to the development of more reflexive and critical professionals, orienting students' self-evaluation and fostering their autonomy.

Formação reflexiva: representações dos professores acerca do uso de portfólio reflexivo na formação de médicos e enfermeiros / Formación reflexiva: representaciones de los profesores sobre el uso de portfolio reflexivo en la formación de médicos y enfermeros / Reflexive formation: teachers' representations about the use of reflexive portfolio in the forming of medical doctors and nurses

Esta investigação discute a utilização de Portfólio Reflexivo (PR) na formação de profissionais de Saúde na Unidade de Prática Profissional, da Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, São Paulo, Brasil. O objetivo foi analisar as percepções dos professores quanto ao uso do PR nos cursos de Enfermagem e de Medicina. A abordagem qualitativa foi a opção metodológica, tendo a coleta de dados sido feita mediante entrevista individual com os professores. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Esta análise permitiu elaborar uma síntese de considerações sobre a utilização do portfólio enquanto estratégia para formação profissional. O PR, na perspectiva dos professores entrevistados, possibilitou a estimulação da capacidade reflexiva dos estudantes e um acompanhamento contínuo dos processos relativos ao seu desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional. Foi considerado como uma estratégia inovadora e, também, muito trabalhosa, requerendo tempo e dedicação dos professores para implementá-lo.

This research looks at the use of Reflexive Portfolio (RP) in the education of Health professionals at the Professional Practice Unit of Marília Medical School, Brazil. The aim was to analyze how teachers perceive the use of RP in Nursing and Medicine Courses. The qualitative approach was chosen as the research methodology. Data were collected through individual interviews with the teachers. The obtained data were analyzed through content analysis. This analysis enabled the authors to elaborate a synthesis of considerations about the use of the portfolio as a strategy for professional education. According to the interviewed teachers, the RP allowed them to stimulate the students' reflexive capacity and continuously follow up the processes related to their personal and professional development. It was considered a highly innovative and arduous strategy, whose practice required time and dedication from teachers.

Esta investigación discute la utilización del Portfólio Reflexivo (PR) en la formación de profesionales de Salud en la Unidad de Práctica Profesional, de la Facultad de Medicina de Marília, Brasil. El objetivo fue analizar las percepciones de los profesores acerca del uso de PR en los cursos de Medicina y Enfermería. La aproximación cualitativa fue la opción metodológica. La recolecta de datos fue llevada a cabo mediante entrevista individual. El análisis de los datos fue realizado usando la técnica de análisis de contenido. Este análisis permitió elaborar consideraciones sobre la utilización del portfólio como estrategia para la formación profesional. El RP, según la perspectiva de los entrevistados, posibilitó el estímulo de la capacidad reflexiva de los estudiantes y el acompañamiento continuo de los procesos relativos a su desarrollo personal y profesional. Fue considerada una estrategia innovadora, y también muy trabajosa, exigiendo tiempo y dedicación de los profesores para implementarla.