Performance measurement of Brazilian federal university hospitals: an overview of the public health care services through principal component analysis.

PURPOSE: This paper aimed to contextualize the process of public hospital providing services, based on the measurement of the performance of Federal University Hospitals (HUFs) of Brazil, using the technique of multivariate statistics of principal component analysis. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: This research presented a descriptive and quantitative character, as well as exploratory purpose and followed the inductive logic, being empirically structured in two stages, that is, the application of principal component analysis (PCA) in four healthcare performance dimensions; subsequently, the full reapplication of principal component analysis in the most highly correlated variables, in module, with the first three main components (PC1, PC2 and PC3). FINDINGS: From the principal component analysis, considering mainly component I, with twice the explanatory power of the second (PC2) and third components (PC3), it was possible to evidence the efficient or inefficient behavior of the HUFs evaluated through the production of medical residency, by specialty area. Finally, it was observed that the formation of two groups composed of seven and eight hospitals, that is, Groups II and IV shows that these groups reflect similarities with respect to the scores and importance of the variables for both hospitals' groups. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Among the main limitations it was observed that there was incomplete data for some HUFs, which made it impossible to search for information to explain and better contextualize certain aspects. More specifically, a limited number of hospitals with complete information were dealt with for 60% of SIMEC/REHUF performance indicators. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The use of PCA multivariate technique was of great contribution to the contextualization of the performance and productivity of homogeneous and autonomous units represented by the hospitals. It was possible to generate a large quantity of information in order to contribute with assumptions to complement the decision-making processes in these organizations. SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS: Development of public policies with emphasis on hospitals linked to teaching centers represented by university hospitals. This also involved the projection of improvements in the reach of the efficiency of the services of assistance to the public health, from the qualified formation of professionals, both to academy, as to clinical practice. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The originality of this paper for the scenarios of the Brazilian public health sector and academic area involved the application of a consolidated performance analysis technique, that is, PCA, obtaining a rich work in relation to the extensive exploitation of techniques to support decision-making processes. In addition, the sequence and the way in which the content, formed by object of study and techniques, has been organized, generates a particular scenario for the measurement of performance in hospital organizations.

Serum copeptin, lactate, and shock index as predictors of morbidity and mortality in shocked acutely poisoned patients.

BACKGROUND: Poisoning-induced shock is a serious medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Hospitalized poisoned individuals experience multiple adverse cardiovascular events that could progress to cardiac arrest. This study was designed to compare the prognostic role of the admission shock index and plasma copeptin level in shocked poisoned patients and to evaluate their associations with initial patients' characteristics and outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study on acutely poisoned adult patients. RESULTS: A total of 41 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of all patients was 27.05 ± 10.99 years and most of the patients were females (n = 27, 66%). Pesticides were the most common type of poisoning (n = 18, 44%), followed by cardiovascular drugs (n = 12, 29.3%). Eleven (26.8%) patients died during the hospital stay length. The initial serum copeptin level and shock index could predict organ dysfunction indexed by sequential organ assessment score (SOFA) with area under the curve (AUCs) of 0.862 and 0.755, respectively. Initial serum copeptin and lactate levels, SOFA score, and their combination can strongly differentiate between survivors and non-survivors with an AUC of 0.944, 0.885, and 0.959, and 0.994, respectively. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the shock index, serum lactate level, and SOFA score may help in risk stratifying patients and predicting outcomes in critically ill patients with poisoning-induced shock. Copeptin is superior to the shock index in predicting mortality among the studied patients. However, a combination of SOFA score, serum copeptin level, and serum lactate level can develop a more predominant prediction for overall clinical outcomes in these patients.

Intersectoral cooperation between university hospitals and physicians in private practice in Germany- where the potential for optimization lies.

BACKGROUND: Intersectoral cooperation between physicians in private practice and hospitals is highly relevant for ensuring the quality of medical care. However, the experiences and potential for optimization at this interface from the perspective of physicians in private practice have not yet been systematically investigated. The aim of this questionnaire survey was to record participants' experiences with regard to cooperation with university hospitals and to identify the potential for optimizing intersectoral cooperation. METHODS: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study using an online survey among practising physicians of all disciplines offering ambulatory care in Germany. The link to a 41-item questionnaire was sent via mail using a commercial mail distributor in which 1095 practising physicians participated. Baseline statistics were performed with SurveyMonkey and Excel. RESULTS: A total of 70.6%/722 of the responding physicians in private practice rated cooperation with university hospitals as satisfactory. Satisfaction with the quality of treatment was confirmed by 87.2%/956 of the physicians. The subjectively perceived complication rate in patient care was assessed as rare (80.9%/886). However, the median waiting time for patients in the inpatient discharge letter was 4 weeks. The accessibility of medical contact persons was rated as rather difficult by 52.6%/577 of the physicians. A total of 48.6%/629 of the participants considered better communication as an equal partner to be an important potential for optimization. Likewise, 65.2%/714 participants wished for closer cooperation in pre- and/or post inpatient care. CONCLUSION: The following optimization potentials were identified: timely discharge letters, clear online presentations of clinical contacts, improved accessibility by telephone, introduction or further development of a referral portal, regular intersectoral training and/or "get-togethers", regular surveys of general practitioners and implementation of resulting measures, further development of cross-sectoral communication channels and strengthening of hospital IT.

Working hours of full-time hospital physicians in Japan: a cross-sectional nationwide survey.

BACKGROUND: The culture of excessively long overtime work in Japan has not been recently addressed. New legislation on working hours, including a limitation on maximum overtime work for physicians, will be enforced in 2024. This study was performed to elucidate the working conditions of full-time hospital physicians and discuss various policy implications. METHODS: A facility survey and a physician survey regarding physicians' working conditions were conducted in July 2022. The facility survey was sent to all hospitals in Japan, and the physician survey was sent to all physicians working at half of the hospitals. The physicians were asked to report their working hours from 11 to 17 July 2022. In addition to descriptive statistics, a multivariate logistic regression analysis on the factors that lead to long working hours was conducted. RESULTS: In total, 11,466 full-time hospital physicians were included in the analysis. Full-time hospital physicians worked 50.1 h per week. They spent 45.6 h (90.9%) at the main hospital and 4.6 h (9.1%) performing side work. They spent 43.8 h (87.5%) on clinical work and 6.3 h (12.5%) on activities outside clinical work, such as research, teaching, and other activities. Neurosurgeons worked the longest hours, followed by surgeons and emergency medicine physicians. In total, 20.4% of physicians were estimated to exceed the annual overtime limit of 960 h, and 3.9% were estimated to exceed the limit of 1860 h. A total of 13.3% and 2.0% exceeded this level only at their primary hospital, after excluding hours performing side work. Logistic regression analysis showed that male, younger age, working at a university hospital, working in clinical areas of practice with long working hours, and undergoing specialty training were associated with long working hours after controlling for other factors. CONCLUSIONS: With the approaching application of overtime regulations to physicians, a certain reduction in working hours has been observed. However, many physicians still work longer hours than the designated upper limit of overtime. Work reform must be further promoted by streamlining work and task-shifting while securing the functions of university hospitals such as research, education, and supporting healthcare in communities.

Meaning of sustainability of innovations in healthcare organizations: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: There is pressure on healthcare organizations to provide high-quality care to all patients while innovating the way care is delivered. As they take on the challenge of delivering high-quality, innovative services, any gains made tend to stall before a radical change impacts key outcomes given the difficulty in sustaining innovations over time. METHODS: A systematic search was performed in 5 electronic databases using the PRISMA structure that resulted in 1313 articles, of which 260 were duplicated, leaving 1053 articles. After reading their abstracts, 877 had an inadequate scope for analysis because they did not deal with research on the sustainability of innovations. After a full assessment of the remaining 176 articles, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria with the snowball strategy generating one additional paper, leading to 11 empirical studies. A theoretical discussion and the proposition of a framework were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Studies in university hospitals shed light on determining sustainability factors of innovations not yet fully explored such as the meaning given by individuals to innovation, culture, partnerships, and multidisciplinary collaboration, which complement the literature. This research sought to contribute to the dialogue between management theory and practice in studies on the sustainability of health innovations based on experiences observed in university hospitals. Health managers can verify how sustainability relates to the challenges presented and identify a path that helps them overcome the limitations imposed on the process. The literature shows that the understanding of sustainability as a mediating dimension can collaborate in sustained innovations in order to allow managers to identify actions related to the individual-organization dimension that may be compromising the process and thus act in a more efficient, assertive way in determining the factors that sustain ongoing innovations. CONCLUSIONS: A relevant point is that innovation sustainability needs to be an objective to be achieved where managers/individuals must incorporate this perspective of innovation continuity since the beginning of the process, otherwise this may represent a greater propensity for discontinuity. This analysis can potentially be applied in university hospitals, but it can also be applicable to other types of hospitals and public or private institutions as long as it is an organization that adopts, implements, and seeks to sustain innovations in service delivery.

Fear of COVID-19, Stress and Coping Strategies among Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic's Second Wave: A Quasi-Intervention Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its related consequences caused a higher risk of mental health problems for nurses. Hence, this study aims to reduce the level of fear and stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic and promote active coping among Egyptian nurses. Methods: This quasi-intervention study was conducted on 125 nurses working at Benha's University hospitals, who were selected by a systematic random sampling technique within the time interval of March 2021 to July 2021. The study was conducted using the fear of COVID-19 scale, the stress scale of depression, anxiety and stress scales, and the Brief (COPE) inventory scale. Results: The mean ages of the studied nurses were 36.70 ± 9.50. Almost half of the studied nurses were males and married. Before the intervention, 47.2% of nurses had severe stress levels while 82.4% had a high level of fear of COVID-19. Experience years, type of department, and worries about vaccine side effects were the predictors of the fear of COVID-19. A significant difference (p = .000) was found between both mean stress and fear scores pre-intervention (15.27 ± 5.47 and 25.56 ± 6.13) and post-intervention (4.87 ± 2.14 and 11.92 ± 2.43). The most prevalent coping strategies among nurses before the intervention were self-distraction (5.03 ± 1.53), followed by behavioral disengagement and self-blaming. However, after the intervention, religion was found to be the utmost coping mechanism (6.12 ± 1.17), followed by positive reframing and acceptance. Conclusion: The majority of the nurses in the study reported a significant fear of COVID-19, and around half of the nurses had severe stress as a result. After the intervention, the stress and fear scores were reduced by half or even less. Age, longer work experience, and worries about the vaccine were the predictors of fear of COVID-19. The coping strategies used after the intervention shifted toward active coping strategies. Clinical Trial Registration Number: 10-11-008-701.

Toward a global harmonization of service infrastructure in academic clinical trial units: an international survey.

Background: Clinicians around the world perform clinical research in addition to their high workload. To meet the demands of high quality Investigator Initiated Trials (IITs), Clinical Trial Units (CTUs) (as part of Academic Research Institutions) are implemented worldwide. CTUs increasingly hold a key position in facilitating the international mutual acceptance of clinical research data by promoting clinical research practices and infrastructure according to international standards. Aim: In this project, we aimed to identify services that established and internationally operating CTUs - members of the International Clinical Trial Center Network (ICN) - consider most important to ensure the smooth processing of a clinical trial while meeting international standards. We thereby aim to drive international harmonization by providing emerging and growing CTUs with a resource for informed service range set-up. Methods: Following the AMEE Guide, we developed a questionnaire, addressing the perceived importance of different CTU services. Survey participants were senior representatives of CTUs and part of the ICN with long-term experience in their field and institution. Results: Services concerning quality and coordination of a research project were considered to be most essential, i.e., Quality management, Monitoring and Project management, followed by Regulatory & Legal affairs, Education & Training, and Data management. Operative services for conducting a research project, i.e., Study Nurse with patient contact and Study Nurse without patient contact, were considered to be least important. Conclusion: To balance the range of services offered while meeting high international standards of clinical research, emerging CTUs should focus on offering (quality) management services and expertise in regulatory and legal affairs. Additionally, education and training services are required to ensure clinicians are well trained on GCP and legislation. CTUs should evaluate whether the expertise and resources are available to offer operative services.

Disclosure of HIV status and adherence to antiretroviral treatment in children and adolescents from Lomé and Abidjan.

Introduction: in Africa, the proportion of minors with AIDS is ever increasing and adherence to treatment protocols is still suboptimal. The study investigated the conditions of HIV status disclosure and adherence to treatment in patients < 19 in two West African cities. Methods: in 2016, thirteen health professionals and four parents filled out questionnaires to identify problems and solutions relative to disclosure of HIV status and adherence to treatment in 208 children and adolescents seen at University Hospitals in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) and Lomé (Togo). Results: medians (extrema) of patients´ ages at start and end of status disclosure process were 10 (8-13) and 15 (13-17.5) years. In 61% of cases, disclosure was made individually after preparation sessions. The main difficulties were: parents´ disapproval, skipped visits, and rarity of psychologists. The solutions proposed were: recruiting more full-time psychologists, improving personnel training, and promoting patients´ "clubs". One out of three respondents was not satisfied with patients´ adherence to treatments. The major reasons were: intake frequencies, frequent omissions, school constraints, adverse effects, and lack of perceived effect. Nevertheless, 94% of the respondents confirmed the existence of support groups, interviews with psychologists, and home visits. To improve adherence, the respondents proposed increasing the number of support groups, sustaining reminder phone calls and home visits, and supporting therapeutic mentoring. Conclusion: despite persisting disclosure and adherence problems, appropriate measures already put into practice still need to be taken further, especially through engaging psychologists, training counsellors, and promoting therapeutic support groups.

The experiences of hospitals in changing the function of a non-teaching hospital to a teaching hospital: Short-Communication.

Background: In recent years, there have been many non-teaching hospitals that have become teaching hospitals. Although the decision to make this change is made at the policy level; But the unknown consequences can create many problems. The present study investigated the experiences of hospitals in changing the function of a non-teaching to a teaching hospital in Iran. Methods: A Phenomenological qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 40 hospital managers and policy makers who had the experience of changing the function of hospitals in Iran through a purposive sampling in 2021. Thematic analysis using inductive approach and MAXQDA 10 was used for data analysis. Results: According to the results extracted 16 main categories and 91 subcategories. Considering the complexity and instability of command unity, understanding the change of organizational hierarchy, developing a mechanism to cover client's costs, considering increase management team' legal and social responsibility, coordinating policy demands with Providing resources, funding the teaching mission, organizing the multiple supervisory organizations, transparent communication between hospital and colleges, understanding the complexity of processes, considering change the performance appraisal system and pay for performance were the solutions for decrease problems of changing the function of non-teaching to teaching hospital. Conclusion: Important matter about the improvement of university hospitals is evaluating the performance of hospitals to maintain their role as progressive actors in hospital network and also as the main actors of teaching future professional human resources. In fact, in the world, hospital becoming teaching is based on the performance of hospitals.

Measures for pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 at the National University Hospital: 34th National University Perinatal Medical Center Conference.

As 2 years have passed since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we had an examination of the measures taken at the perinatal medical and child centers during this period at 42 National University Hospital. The first questionnaire survey was conducted during March 17-25, 2022 and the second questionnaire survey was conducted during April 4-30, 2022. For the treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19, a public health center-coordinated triage system had been created and implemented in each region and prefecture. The issues related to the hospital management of pregnant women with COVID-19 include the hindrances to the normal functioning of the center, the limited number of hospital beds and medical care systems as the beds were dedicated to patients with COVID-19, and the problems associated with the mode of delivery. There were no set rules regarding the management of mothers and babies at delivery and thereafter. Initially, cesarean delivery was allowed in almost all cases to reduce the risk of exposure to medical staff. Furthermore, many institutions did not permit expressed breast milk feeding and direct breastfeeding during the quarantine period. The COVID-19 pandemic has been created a shortage of healthcare delivery systems. It is expected that the emergence of new infectious diseases and pandemics will cause the same pressure on systems providing healthcare in the future.

Comparing Japanese University Hospitals' and Community Healthcare Facilities' Research Contributions on PubMed.

Purpose: Although research in general medicine is important, the contributions and characteristics of general medicine physicians (GMPs) in university hospitals (UH) and community healthcare facilities (CHF) remains unclear. Therefore, this study examines the popularity of research by affiliation, characteristics of journal publication, annual trends, and differences in impact factors (IFs) of journal publications. Methods: This study is a secondary bibliometric analysis of articles in international journals published in PubMed over the past six years (2015-2020). The analysis compared English articles published by either UH- or CHF-affiliated GMPs in Japan in terms of, among other things, article type, research field, and IF. Results: Of the 2372 articles analyzed, 1688 (71.2%) were published by physicians affiliated with UHs, 62.6% of which were original. Basic research, international collaboration, and ratio of IFs were significantly higher for such papers. In contrast, the number of CHF articles were significantly higher in the areas of clinical research and practice, with a greater proportion of case reports. There was no significant difference in IF between the disciplines within each affiliation, but the IF was the highest in experimental basic research and the lowest in medical and clinical education. In the six-year time series, the number of original papers by UHs and CHFs increased roughly twofold between 2015 and 2020, but the number of articles in the areas of medical education and healthcare quality and safety remained mostly unchanged. Conclusion: The number of international papers published by Japanese GMPs has increased since 2015, particularly in terms of original papers and clinical research from UHs. However, there was no significant difference in the IF between UH and CHF publications. Our findings can guide the development of indicators, research, and education strategies regarding Japanese GMPs' research performance.

Análise situacional da incorporação de tecnologias em hospitais públicos federais no Brasil / Situational analysis of the technology incorporation in the brazilian federal university hospitals / Análisis situacional de la incorporación de tecnologías en hospitalares públicos federales de Brasil

Objetivo: identificar o processo de incorporação de tecnologias na Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares, com especial atenção às Comissões de Padronização de Produtos para a Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo, com pesquisa exploratória de campo e análise quanti-qualitativa para um diagnóstico situacional, realizado por meio de questionário eletrônico encaminhado às 36 filiais da Empresa, em todas as regiões do Brasil, de novembro de 2019 a agosto de 2020. Empregou-se a análise quantitativa por meio de estatística descritiva e a qualitativa a partir da análise de conteúdo e de Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats. Resultados: 44,4% dos hospitais possuem Núcleos de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, enquanto 91,7% deles dispõem de Comissão de Padronização de Produtos para a Saúde formalmente constituída. As variáveis observadas com maior frequência: ausência de processos documentados, fluxos não definidos e falta de infraestrutura. Conclusão: o processo de incorporação de tecnologias ocorre de maneira desigual. Os dados podem contribuir para que a Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (re)defina estratégias e implemente ações, no sentido de apoiar suas filiais na constituição e implantação dessas instâncias, fundamentais no processo de incorporação de tecnologias em âmbito hospitalar. (AU)

Objective: to identify the process of incorporating technologies at the Brazilian Hospital Services Company, specially to the Commission for the Standardization of Health Products. Methods: this is a cross-sectional and exploratory study, under a descriptive approach with quantitative and qualitative analysis, which sought to perform a situational diagnosis through an electronic research questionnaire sent to the 36 branches, in all regions of Brazil, from November 2019 to August 2020. Using quantitative analysis through of descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis based on content analysis and Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats. Results: 44.4% of hospitals have Health Technology Assessment Centers, while 91.7% of them have formally constituted a Commission for the Standardization of Health Products. The most frequently observed variables: absence of documented processes, undefined flows and lack of infrastructure. Conclusion: the process of incorporating technologies occurs unevenly. The data can contribute to the Brazilian Hospital Services Company defining strategies and implementing actions, in order to support its branches in the constitution and implantation of these instances, which are fundamental in the process of incorporating technologies in the hospital environment. (AU)

Objectivo: identificar el proceso de incorporación de tecnologias en la Empresa Brasileña de Servicios Hospitalarios, con especial atención a las comisiones de estandarización de productos de salud. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal, con investigación de campo exploratoria y análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo para um diagnóstico situacional realizado mediante um cuestionario electrónico enviado a las 36 filiales, em todas las regiones de Brasil, de noviembre de 2019 a agosto de 2020. Usado análisis cuantitativo utilizando estadística descriptiva y la análisis cualitativo basado en análisis de contenido y de la Fortalezas, Debilidades, Oportunidades, Amenazas. Resultados: el 44,4% de los hospitales cuenta con Centros de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias, mientras que el 91,7% de ellos tiene una Comisión de Estandarización de Productos de Salud formalmente constituída. Las variables observadas con mayor frecuencia: ausencia de procesos documentados, flujos indefinidos y falta de infraestructura. Conclusión: el proceso de incorporación de tecnologías ocurre de manera desigual. Los datos pueden contribuir a que la Empresa Brasileña de Servicios Hospitalarios reinicia estrategias e implemente acciones, a fin de apoyar a sus filiales en la constitución e implantación de estas instancias, fundamentales en el proceso de incorporación de tecnologías en el ámbito hospitalario. (AU)

Comparing the effectiveness of L-carnitine and paraffin oil in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning using predictive biomarkers and scores: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is a serious medical emergency with a high mortality rate. The absence of an exact antidote for AlP poisoning necessitates the quest for alternative treatment options. The study sought to assess the efficacy of adding L-carnitine or medicated paraffin oil to the conventional approach of treatment employed in cases of acute AlP poisoning. We conducted a 1 year, randomized, controlled, parallel-group, single-blind clinical study. 96 individuals with acute AlP poisoning were randomly assigned to one of three groups. The standard AlP therapy was administered to all groups according to the Poison Control Center guidelines at the Ain-Shams University hospitals. All patients underwent a medical history review, clinical examination, and laboratory tests. The outcomes were assessed. The participants in the study groups had mean ages ranging from 25.6 to 26.3 years. The cases analyzed were evenly distributed between genders, with the majority originating from rural areas. The average delay time varied from 2.9 to 4.2 h. All patients in the study reported ingesting AlP during suicide attempts. 12 hours after admission, many clinical and biochemical data improved in both intervention groups including cytochrome c oxidase, caspase-3, caspase-9, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The intervention groups required significantly less mechanical ventilation and had a lower mortality rate than the control group. Decontamination with paraffin oil could be advantageous for reducing the severity of AlP poisoning, improving prognosis, and lowering the mortality rate.

A mixed-integer slacks-based measure data envelopment analysis for efficiency measuring of German university hospitals.

Standard Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models consider continuous-valued and known input and output statuses for measures. This paper proposes an extended Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) DEA model to accommodate flexible (a measure that can play the role of input and output) and integer measures simultaneously. A flexible measure's most appropriate role (designation) is determined by maximizing the technical efficiency of each unit. The main advantage of the proposed model is that all inputs, outputs, and flexible measures can be expressed in integer values without inflation of efficiency scores since they are directly calculated by modifying input and output inefficiencies. Furthermore, we illustrate and examine the application of the proposed models with 28 university hospitals in Germany. We investigate the differences and common properties of the proposed models with the literature to shed light on both teaching and general inefficiencies. Results of inefficiency decomposition indicate that "Third-party funding income" that university hospitals receive from the research-granting agencies dominates the other inefficiencies sources. The study of the efficiency scores is then followed up with a second-stage regression analysis based on efficiency scores and environmental factors. The result of the regression analysis confirms the conclusion derived from the inefficiency decomposition analysis.

Residências em saúde em hospital universitário: cenário potente de formação para a prática colaborativa interprofissional / Health residency programs in a university hospital: a potent training setting for interprofessional collaborative practice / Residencias sanitarias en un hospital universitario: un potente escenario de formación para la práctica colaborativa interprofesional

Resumo Este estudo tem por objetivo compreender a experiência de residentes sobre a Prática Colaborativa Interprofissional (PCI) em um hospital universitário (HU) do estado de São Paulo. É uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com base na Técnica do Incidente Crítico, com 14 residentes de programas de residência uni e multiprofissionais, analisadas pela análise temática de Bardin. O HU mostrou-se potente para efetivação da PCI por proporcionar interações entre profissionais de diferentes áreas e níveis de formação. A qualidade das interações entre trabalhadores, residentes, usuários e família foi determinante para o desenvolvimento da PCI. Foram identificadas barreiras como ausência de estruturação organizacional, sobrecarga dos profissionais, fragilidade na oferta de Educação Permanente relacionada à educação interprofissional e predomínio do modelo biomédico de Atenção à Saúde. As ações colaborativas mediadas pela comunicação informal constituem o dispositivo mais utilizado para os atendimentos compartilhados.(AU)

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore residents' experiences of interprofessional collaborative practice (ICP) in a university hospital (UH) in São Paulo. We conducted a qualitative study with 14 residents undertaking uniprofessional and multiprofessional residency programs. The data were collected using critical incident technique-based semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis as proposed by Bardin. The UH was shown to be a potent training setting for ICP, promoting interactions between professionals from a range of areas and with varying levels of qualification. The quality of interactions between workers, residents and patients and their families was a determining factor for the development of ICP. Barriers to ICP included lack of organizational structure, excessive workload, weaknesses in the provision of permanent training in ICP and the predominance of the biomedical model of health care. Collaborative actions mediated by informal communication were the most common mechanism used for providing shared consultations.(AU)

Resumen Este estudio reta comprender la experiencia de los residentes sobre la Práctica Colaborativa Interprofesional (PCI) en un hospital universitario (HU) en el estado de São Paulo. Investigación cualitativa a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas basadas en la Técnica del Incidente Crítico con 14 residentes de programas de residencia uni y multiprofesionales, analizadas por análisis temático de Bardin. El HU demostró ser potente para la implementación de la PCI al propiciar interacciones entre profesionales de diferentes áreas y niveles de formación. La calidad de las interacciones entre trabajadores, residentes, usuarios y familiares fue crucial para el desarrollo de la PCI. Se identificaron barreras como falta de estructura organizacional, sobrecarga de profesionales, debilidad en la provisión de educación permanente interprofesional y predominio del modelo biomédico de atención. Las acciones colaborativas mediadas por comunicación informal son el dispositivo más utilizado para el cuidado compartido.(AU)

Massive influx of victims: staff preparedness and facility readiness of Tunisian general University Hospitals.

Introduction: Hospital preparedness for a massive influx of victims relies, to a certain extent, on actions, programs, and systems that are created and executed ahead of time, but also on the knowledge, skills, and professional competences of the hospital's staff. Aim: This study aims to understand the factors influencing the preparedness of Tunisian University Hospital staff in facing a massive influx of victims. Methods: This is a multi-method qualitative descriptive study conducted in nine general University Hospitals in Tunisia. The first component was a phenomenological design via open-ended interviews. The second component was a qualitative observational non-participatory design via field observations. Results: 17 participants were recruited in an intentional, non-probabilistic way. Participants to this study discussed issues related to the material and financial resources of their hospitals as well as the psychological impact of managing an influx of victims. They also discussed their training, their involvement in the process, and the norm versus the circumstances in the field which led to the conclusion that: "For multiple reasons, the Tunisian University Hospitals are not ready to properly manage a massive influx of victims". Conclusions: This multi-method qualitative study discussed the factors that affected the preparedness of staff and readiness of University Hospitals included, which were mainly resources (material and financial), psychological burden, lack of training, lack of involvement in the process, and issues related to evidence-based practice. These findings support the idea that more research and more practical interventions needs to be performed to increase the preparedness level of Tunisian University Hospitals and their staff.

Evaluation of time to death after admission to an intensive care unit and factors associated with mortality: A retrospective longitudinal study.

Background: Among nonsurvivors admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), some present early mortality while other patients, despite having a favorable evolution regarding the initial disease, die later due to complications related to hospitalization. This study aims to identify factors associated with the time until death after admission to an ICU of a university hospital. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study that included adult patients admitted to the ICU between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2017. Nonsurviving patients were divided into groups according to the length of time from admission to the ICU until death: Early (0-5 days), intermediate (6-28 days), and late (>28 days). Patients were considered septic if they had this diagnosis on admission to the ICU. Simple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between time to death over the years of the study. Multivariate cox regression was used to assess risk factors for the outcome in the ICU. Results: In total, 6596 patients were analyzed. Mortality rate was 32.9% in the ICU. Most deaths occurred in the early (42.8%) and intermediate periods (47.9%). Patients with three or more dysfunctions on admission were more likely to die early (P < 0.001). The diagnosis of sepsis was associated with a higher mortality rate. The multivariate analysis identified age >60 years (hazard ratio [HR] 1.009), male (HR 1.192), mechanical ventilation (HR 1.476), dialysis (HR 2.297), and sequential organ failure assessment >6 (HR 1.319) as risk factors for mortality. Conclusion: We found a higher proportion of early and intermediate deaths in the study period. The presence of three or more organ dysfunctions at ICU admission was associated with early death. The diagnosis of sepsis evident on ICU admission was associated with higher mortality.

Monocytosis in the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection predicts the presence of anosognosia for cognitive deficits in the chronic phase.

Reduced awareness of neuropsychological disorders (i.e., anosognosia) is a striking symptom of post-COVID-19 condition. Some leukocyte markers in the acute phase may predict the presence of anosognosia in the chronic phase, but they have not yet been identified. This study aimed to determine whether patients with anosognosia for their memory deficits in the chronic phase presented specific leukocyte distribution in the acute phase, and if so, whether these leukocyte levels might be predictive of anosognosia. First, we compared the acute immunological data (i.e., white blood cell differentiation count) of 20 patients who displayed anosognosia 6-9 months after being infected with SARS-CoV-2 (230.25 ± 46.65 days) versus 41 patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 who did not develop anosognosia. Second, we performed an ROC analysis to evaluate the predictive value of the leukocyte markers that emerged from this comparison. Blood circulating monocytes (%) in the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection were associated with long-term post-COVID-19 anosognosia. A monocyte percentage of 7.35% of the total number of leukocytes at admission seemed to predict the presence of chronic anosognosia 6-9 months after infection.

Relato de experiência multiprofissional com grupo de gestantes de alto-risco / Report on a multiprofessional experience with a group of high-risk pregnant women / Relato de experiencia multiprofesional con un grupo de gestantes de alto riesgo

Introdução: A gestação é um período onde as atitudes e escolhas da mãe irão refletir no crescimento e desenvolvimento do bebê, por isso as ações educativas e promocionais da saúde são fundamentais. Essas ações, desenvolvidas por uma equipe multiprofissional, são ainda mais eficientes, por ter uma diversidade maior de informações para a gestante. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência multiprofissional de ações de promoção da saúde com gestantes de alto risco e seus acompanhantes. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência que contempla encontros realizados semanalmente em um Hospital Universitário, no setor de alojamento conjunto, que comporta quatro leitos para gestantes de alto risco. Os momentos dialógicos ocorreram em rodas de conversa, com as gestantes e acompanhantes, discentes e docentes de fonoaudiologia e enfermeiros da equipe local. Foram desenvolvidos materiais informativos para os participantes e um pôster que permaneceu disponível ao público no setor. Resultados: Notou-se que os participantes se apresentaram receptivos e interessados nos assuntos da roda de conversa propostos, que foram gradativamente trabalhados, cada um contribuindo com suas vivências, bem como com suas dúvidas e questionamentos. Conclusão: O trabalho multiprofissional gerou reflexões sobre a amamentação e o sistema estomatognático, expandindo o diálogo sobre outros temas de abordagem fonoaudiológica. Ações promotoras da saúde podem empoderar os participantes para intervir como agentes na compreensão das necessidades de saúde, como o cuidado com o binômio mãe-bebê.

Introduction: The mother's attitudes and choices during pregnancy reflect on the baby's growth and development, which makes it essential to have educational and health promotion actions. When developed by a multiprofessional team, such actions are even more efficient, as they have a greater diversity of information for pregnant women. Objective: To describe the multiprofessional experience of health promotion actions with high-risk pregnant women and their companions. Methods: This is an experience report of meetings held weekly in the rooming-in ward of a university hospital, in which four beds are available to high-risk pregnant women. Conversation groups were organized with pregnant women and their companions, speech-language-hearing students and professors, and the hospital's nurses. Informational material was developed for the participants, as well as a poster exposed to the public in the rooming-in ward. Results: Participants were receptive to and interested in the conversation group topics, which were gradually developed as each one shared their experiences and questions. Conclusion: The multiprofessional work led to reflections on breastfeeding and the stomatognathic system, expanding the dialog about other speech-language-hearing topics. Health-promotion actions empower participants to actively contribute to their understanding of health needs, such as mother/baby care.

Introducción: El embarazo es un período en el que las actitudes y elecciones de la madre se reflejarán en el crecimiento y desarrollo del bebé, por lo que las acciones educativas y promocionales de la salud son fundamentales. Estas acciones, desarrolladas por un equipo multiprofesional, son aún más eficientes, ya que cuentan con una mayor diversidad de información para la gestante. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia multiprofesional de acciones de promoción de la salud con gestantes de alto riesgo y sus acompañantes. Métodos: Se trata de un relato de experiencia que incluye reuniones que se realizan semanalmente en un Hospital Universitario, en el sector de alojamiento conjunto, que comprende cuatro camas para gestantes de alto riesgo. Los momentos dialógicos se desarrollaron en círculos de conversación, con gestantes y acompañantes, estudiantes y profesores de logopedia y enfermeras del equipo. Se desarrollaron materiales informativos para los participantes y una pancarta que quedó a disposición del público del sector. Resultados: Se notó que los participantes se mostraron receptivos e interesados en los temas del círculo de conversación propuesto, los cuales se fueron trabajando paulatinamente, cada uno aportando con sus vivencias, así como con sus dudas y preguntas. Conclusión: El trabajo multiprofesional generó reflexiones sobre la lactancia materna y el sistema estomatognático, ampliando el diálogo sobre otros temas. Las acciones de promoción de la salud pueden empoderar a los participantes para que intervengan como agentes en la comprensión de las necesidades de salud, como el cuidado del binomio madre-bebé.

Hospital factors and metastatic surgery in colorectal cancer patients, a population-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Only a limited proportion of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receives metastatic surgery (including local ablative therapy). The aim was to investigate whether hospital volume and hospital level were associated with the chance of metastatic surgery. METHODS: This national cohort retrieved from the CRCBaSe linkage included all Swedish adult patients diagnosed with synchronous mCRC in 2009-2016. The association between annual hospital volume of incident mCRC patients and the chance of metastatic surgery, and survival, were assessed using logistic regression and Cox regression models, respectively. Hospital level (university/non-university) was evaluated as a secondary exposure in a similar manner. Both uni- and multivariable (adjusted for sex, age, Charlson comorbidity index, year of diagnosis, cancer characteristics and socioeconomic factors) models were fitted. RESULTS: A total of 1,674 (17%) out of 9,968 mCRC patients had metastatic surgery. High hospital volume was not associated with increased odds of metastatic surgery after including hospital level in the model, whereas hospital level was (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.94 (1.68-2.24)). All-cause mortality was lower in university versus non-university hospitals (hazard ratio (95% CI): 0.83 (0.78-0.88)). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with mCRC initially cared for by a university hospital experienced a greater chance to receive metastatic surgery and had superior overall survival. High hospital volume in itself was not associated with a greater chance to receive metastatic surgery nor a greater survival probability. Additional efforts should be imposed to provide more equal care for mCRC patients across Swedish hospitals.