Bacterial cellulose in cosmetic innovation: A review.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) emerges as a versatile biomaterial with a myriad of industrial applications, particularly within the cosmetics sector. The absence of hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin in its pure cellulose structure enables favorable interactions with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic biopolymers. This enhances compatibility with active ingredients commonly employed in cosmetics, such as antioxidants, vitamins, and botanical extracts. Recent progress in BC-based materials, which encompasses membranes, films, gels, nanocrystals, and nanofibers, highlights its significant potential in cosmetics. In this context, BC not only serves as a carrier for active ingredients but also plays a crucial role as a structural agent in formulations. The sustainability of BC production and processing is a central focus, highlighting the need for innovative approaches to strengthen scalability and cost-effectiveness. Future research endeavors, including the exploration of novel cultivation strategies and functionalization techniques, aim to maximize BC's therapeutic potential while broadening its scope in personalized skincare regimes. Therefore, this review emphasizes the crucial contribution of BC to the cosmetics sector, underlining its role in fostering innovation, sustainability, and ethical skincare practices. By integrating recent research findings and industry trends, this review proposes a fresh approach to advancing both skincare science and environmental responsibility in the cosmetics industry.

Development and Efficacy Evaluation of Innovative Cosmetic Formulations with Caryocar brasiliense Fruit Pulp Oil Encapsulated in Freeze-Dried Liposomes.

Encapsulation and drying technologies allow the engineering of innovative raw materials from plant biodiversity, with potential applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. Lipid-based nanoencapsulation stands out for its efficiency, ease of production, and versatility in encapsulating substances, whether hydrophilic or lipophilic. This work aimed at encapsulating pequi oil in liposomes and freeze-dried liposomes to enhance its stability and functional benefits, such as skin hydration and anti-aging effects, for use in innovative cosmetic formulations. Pequi oil-extracted from the Caryocar brasiliense fruit pulp, a plant species from Brazilian plant biodiversity-is rich in secondary metabolites and fatty acids. Liposomes and dried liposomes offer controlled production processes and seamless integration into cosmetic formulations. The physicochemical analysis of the developed liposomes confirmed that the formulations are homogeneous and electrokinetically stable, as evidenced by consistent particle size distribution and zeta potential values, respectively. The gel-type formulations loaded with the dried liposomes exhibit enhanced skin hydration, improved barrier function, and refined microrelief, indicating improvements in skin conditions. These results highlight the potential of dried liposomes containing pequi oil for the development of innovative cosmeceutical products. This research contributes to the valorization of Brazilian biodiversity by presenting an innovative approach to leveraging the dermatological benefits of pequi oil in cosmetic applications.

(Bio)Technological aspects of microalgae pigments for cosmetics.

Photosynthetic microorganisms convert carbon dioxide and solar radiation into interesting bioactive compounds not yet entirely explored. Several species of microalgae are known to be rich in colored high-valuable components that, although remarkable, are poorly explored as natural sources of pigments for cosmetics. Pigments associated to photosynthetic activity include chlorophyll, ß-carotene, astaxanthin, xanthophylls, and phycobiliproteins, many of which have shown high potential as cosmetic actives due to their antioxidant, immune-enhancing, and anti-inflammatory properties. In the last decade, concern with a young and beautiful appearance has emerged, encouraging many consumers to use anti-aging cosmetics daily. As a result, the cosmetic market has been growing and evolving rapidly to meet consumer expectations. However, due to regular use and the sensitive nature of facial skin, local adverse reactions may often occur, such as irritation, sensitization, or photoreactions, and safety evaluation is mandatory prior to marketing. It is, therefore, understandable that new actives from natural sources, such as microalgae, are perceived as attractive alternatives for consumers who seek ingredients without allergenic potential. Thus, the cosmetic industry has recently started to explore the inclusion of compounds extracted from microalgae and cyanobacteria in innovative formulations. Herein, we revised nontraditional microalgae species for pigment production with cosmetic applications, indicating those that could also be considered potential ingredients for innovative cosmetics. KEY POINTS: • Extraction methods for pigments from photosynthetic microorganisms were compiled. • Innovative cosmeceuticals could be developed with natural pigments. • Safety features of such natural pigments were also described.

Treatment of vascular lesions located in the lip and in the oral cavity with Nd:YAG laser.

Vascular lesions such as hemangiomas can be found in the oral cavity. Some therapeutic modalities can be used in the treatment of these lesions and Nd:YAG 1064 nm long pulse laser shows good results with easy application, fewer complications and satisfactory results. This study describes the technique and outcome of a case of hemangioma located on the tongue treated with Nd:YAG laser.

Dermocosmetic care for rosacea

ABSTRACT Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that primarily affects the central area of the face; it is characterized by erythema, papules, pustules, nodules, and telangiectasia. This condition arises between 30-60 years of age, and it usually occurs in fair-skinned people. Rosacea is characteristic of sensitive skin, as it is a disease marked with punctuated phases of exacerbated signs and symptoms that alternate with periods of remission. Humans have long incorporated cosmetics in their daily habits; given the scientific and technological developments that emerged in cosmeceuticals or dermocosmetics, the current cosmetic options are now used for much more than adornment or cleansing. The purpose of cosmetic care in rosacea is to restore the balance of the skin, while reducing the underlying inflammation, sensitivity, and dehydration. This review aims to highlight the various dermocosmetic care options that can reduce discomfort for and bring benefit to patients who have reactive and sensitive skin associated with rosacea. Additionally, this report discusses how pharmacists - public health agents - can and should offer counseling and support interventions to patients once oral or topical medications are dispensed to this pathology.

Cosmecéuticos Indispensable para otorrinolaringólogos y cirujanos plásticos faciales / Cosmeceuticals Essential for facial plastic surgeons and otolaryngologists

Objetivos: Definir el término cosmecéutica, presentar los ingredientes activos más comúnmente utilizados, sus indicaciones y ventajas. Evaluar nuestros productos para el cuidado y rejuvenecimiento de la piel, teniendo en cuenta variables como pigmentación, líneas de expresión y ritides finas, hidratación, brillo y envejecimiento. Diseño: Serie de Casos Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo mediante análisis fotográfico ciego de 50 casos de rejuvenecimiento facial usando únicamente cosmecéutica seleccionados al azar durante el periodo Agosto 2015 ­ Julio 2016. Se utilizó un régimen cosmecéutico personalizado incluyendo: limpieza y exfoliación, hidratación, reparación, despigmentantes, antienvejecimiento y fotoprotección, dos veces al día durante 6 meses. Las variables evaluadas mediante una escala semi-cuantitativa de 5 puntos fueron: pigmentación, ritides finas, envejecimiento en general, hidratación, brillo cutáneo y mejoría estética. La prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon fue seleccionada para evaluar significancia estadística. Resultados: Las lesiones pigmentadas, las ritides finas y el envejecimiento en general disminuyeron 32.7, 26.3 y 22%, respectivamente. Alcanzando significancia estadística (p<0,05). El brillo y la hidratación mejoraron en 47.5 y 55.3%, respectivamente. Se encontró una mejoría estética del 58%. La escala analógica visual reveló un rejuvenecimiento del 16,5% (p=0,0018). Conclusiones: La incorporación de cosmecéuticos en la práctica de la otorrinolaringología y la cirugía plástica facial mejora la apariencia de los pacientes, rejuvenece la piel y puede contribuir potenciando los resultados posoperatorios.

Objectives: To define cosmeceuticals, introduce common active ingredients, their indications and advantages, and to assess our skin care protocol anti-aging effects, improving dyschromia, wrinkles, hydration and other signs of aging. Design: Case Series Materials and methods: We developed a retrospective photographic analysis of 50 facial rejuvenation patients using our cosmeceuticals. A blind photographic analysis of dyschromia, fine wrinkles, overall aging, skin light reflection, hydration and aesthetic improvement using 5-point grading scales was carried out. The nonparametric Wilcoxon test was selected to evaluate statistical significance. A tailored cosmeceutical regimen including: cleaning and exfoliating, moisturizing, repairing, pigment lightening, anti-aging formulations and photo-protection was applied twice a day for 6 months. Results: Dyschromia, fine wrinkles and overall aging decreased 32.7, 26.3 and 22 percent, respectively. Reaching statistical significance (p<0,05). Luminosity, hydration and overall aesthetic change improved 47.5, 55.3 and 58 percent, respectively. The visual analog aging severity scale revealed a statistically significant 16,5% of rejuvenation (p=0,0018). Conclusions: Incorporating cosmeceuticals in the facial plastic surgery practice can promote a better overall patient experience by rejuvenating the skin, hastening postoperative healing and reducing common postoperative side effects.

Mecanismos do envelhecimento cutâneo e o papel dos cosmecêuticos / Mechanisms of skin aging and the role of cosmeceuticals

A maioria dos mecanismos moleculares e celulares envolvidos no envelhecimento cutâneo intrínseco ou cronológico e extrínseco ou fotoenvelhecimento constitui objeto de muitos estudos de excelente qualidade e, portanto, são bem conhecidos. Contudo, existem aspectos ainda não completamente elucidados e até controversos. Por outro lado, a busca de tratamentos para prevenção, controle e reversão do envelhecimento, particularmente o fotoenvelhecimento, tem despertado muito interesse, nem sempre acompanhado do rigor científico necessário. Muitos ativos ditos antienvelhecimento são incorporados aos chamados cosmecêuticos que constituem uma classe de produtos tópicos intermediários entre os cosméticos e os medicamentos ou drogas. Como esses produtos são registrados como cosméticos, não há uma exigência rigorosa em relação aos estudos clínicos de eficácia e segurança, ou seja, são poucos os estudos controlados e randomizados. Em geral, eles não causam eventos adversos sérios, já que são utilizadas concentrações baixas dos ativos, muito aquém das que demonstram eficácia nos estudos pré-clínicos. Muitos, inclusive, não têm ação que comprovadamente possa interferir em qualquer dos mecanismos conhecidos do envelhecimento cutâneo. Não há como excluir a possibilidade de que tenham alguma utilidade, nem tampouco afirmar que possam produzir os resultados prometidos pela indústria cosmecêutica. Depende do bom senso dos dermatologistas decidir quando e qual produto indicar, assumindo com honestidade o real benefício esperado.Este artigo apresenta uma revisão dos mecanismos conhecidos do envelhecimento cutâneo e das principais substâncias ativas dos cosmecêuticos colocados no mercado nos últimos anos.