The clinical utility of next generation sequencing in endometrial cancer: focusing on molecular subtyping and lynch syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the clinical utility of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in molecular typing of endometrial carcinoma and its combined screening for Lynch Syndrome (LS). Methods: 90 patients diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma (EC) and receiving treatment at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between March 2022 and December 2023 were included in this study. Molecular typing and germline evaluation for LS were conducted using NGS on the Illumina platform. A retrospective analysis was performed to examine the clinical pathological characteristics, molecular mutation spectrum, and LS screening outcomes among patients with four distinct molecular subtyping categories. Results: Among the 90 cases of EC, 11 cases (12.2%) of POLE mut type, 19 cases (21.1%) of MMRd type, 6 cases (6.7%) of p53 abn type, and 54 cases (60%) of NSMP type were detected, with detailed analysis of their respective molecular characteristics. LS screening identified 9 cases (10%) of pathogenic germline mutations in MMR genes, including 3 cases of MLH1 germline mutations, 2 cases of PMS2, 2 of MSH2, and 2 of MSH6. Of the 9 LS patients, 7 were MMRd type and 2 NSMP type, with 7 cases showing abnormal MMR protein expression. Additionally, 6 cases with germline variants of uncertain significance in MMR genes were detected, including 2 MLH1, 1 MSH6, 2 MSH6, 1 PMS2, and 1 EPCAM. Conclusion: NGS enables precise molecular typing of endometrial carcinoma through the identification of mutations in the POLE, TP53, and MMR genes. Conducting germline mutation testing for MMR genes in all patients with endometrial carcinoma can effectively prevent instances of overlooked LS diagnoses. Nevertheless, the extensive expenses associated with NGS necessitate additional validation and investigation before its clinical implementation can be fully endorsed.

[Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis Analysis of 
39 Patients with Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma].

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is featured by low incidence, high malignancy rate, robust aggressive behavior and inferior prognosis. To date, there is no standardized treatment. The aim of this study is to better understand and accumulate more clinical experience of the disease by summarizing the clinicopathological features, diagnosis methods, therapeutic regimen and prognostic factors of PSC. METHODS: A total of 39 patients with PSC who diagnosed and received treatment in Beijing Chest Hospital from December 2013 to December 2023 were retrospectively recruited, and information including demographic characteristics, clinicopathological features, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, diagnosis method and therapeutic regimen were carefully collected. Meanwhile, follow-up was conducted. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the prognostic factors of the disease. RESULTS: The PSC patients in this study ranged in age from 45 to 76 years old, including 35 males and 4 females. There were no specific clinical manifestations of PSC at initial diagnosis. Among the 39 patients, 20 underwent surgical resection and 19 received palliative chemoradiation or symptomatic supportive treatment. The 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 61.90% and 35.20% respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that family history of carcinoma, primary tumor site, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, whether or not received surgical resection, surgical method, treatment regimens, tumor tissue programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥1% and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) pathway abnormalities were correlated with the overall survival (OS) of patients (P<0.05). In the subsequent multivariate analysis, lymph node metastasis emerged as the only independent prognosticator in predicting inferior OS (P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: PSC is rarely seen in clinical practice and commonly occurs in elder men with smoking history. Tumor tissue PD-L1 expression ≥1% and MET abnormalities may predict inferior prognosis of PSC and lymph node metastasis was determined as the independent prognosticator of PSC. Surgical resection along with adjuvant medical treatment is the cornerstone for early and locally advanced patients, and the clinical utility of molecular targeting therapy and immunotherapy in PSC needs to be further investigated.

Microvascular structural changes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma pathology according to intrapapillary capillary loop types under magnifying endoscopy.

BACKGROUND: The intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL) characteristics, visualized using magnifying endoscopy, are commonly assessed for preoperative evaluation of the infiltration depth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Japan Esophageal Society (JES) classification is the most widely used classification. Microvascular structural changes are evaluated by magnifying endoscopy for the presence or absence of each morphological factor: tortuosity, dilatation, irregular caliber, and different shapes. However, the pathological characteristics of IPCLs have not been thoroughly investigated, especially the microvascular structures corresponding to the deepest parts of the lesions' infiltration. AIM: To investigate differences in pathological microvascular structures of ESCC, which correspond to the deepest parts of the lesions' infiltration. METHODS: Patients with ESCC and precancerous lesions diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital were enrolled between January 2019 and April 2023. Patients first underwent magnified endoscopic examination, followed by endoscopic submucosal dissection or surgical treatment. Pathological images were scanned using a three-dimensional slice scanner, and the pathological structural differences in different types, according to the JES classification, were analyzed using nonparametric tests and t-tests. RESULTS: The 35 lesions were divided into four groups according to the JES classification: A, B1, B2, and B3. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences (a P < 0.05) in the short and long calibers, area, location, and density between types A and B. Notably, there were no significant differences in these parameters between types B1 and B2 and between types B2 and B3 (P > 0.05). However, significant differences in the short calibers, long calibers, and area of IPCL were observed between types B1 and B3 (a P < 0.05); no significant differences were found in the density or location (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Pathological structures of IPCLs in the deepest infiltrating regions differ among various IPCL types classified by the JES classification under magnifying endoscopy, especially between the types A and B.

Pathological characteristics of SRY-negative 38,XX-DSD pigs: A family case report.

Disorders of sex development (DSD) are congenital conditions characterized by atypical development of chromosomes, gonads, or anatomical sex. XX-DSD pigs disrupt the production of high-quality breeding pigs and impede the advancement of the pig industry. However, the etiology of XX-DSD pigs remains unclear. Systematic reports on the genetic and pathological characteristics of prepubescent XX-DSD pigs in familial contexts are sparse. This study aimed to investigate the genetic and pathological features of one-month-old XX-DSD pigs within a familial context and to provide phenotypic information to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of XX-DSD pigs. The findings revealed that inbreeding within the XX-DSD family may contribute to the pathogenesis of XX-DSD pigs. All XX-DSD pigs in the family had a chromosomal sex of female and were male pseudohermaphrodites. The degree of masculinization of the reproductive organs varied among XX-DSD pigs, demonstrating phenotypic heterogeneity. HE staining showed that the testes of prepubescent XX-DSD pigs contained vesicles in the seminiferous tubules, with or without vestigial germ cells. Ultrastructural analyses indicated that sertoli cells, leydig cells and germ cells in the testes of XX-DSD pigs exhibited pathological damage, confirming impaired testicular function. Immunofluorescence staining revealed high expression of SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) in XX-DSD pig testicular tissues, while forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) was minimally expressed. Disordered secretion of reproductive hormones in prepubescent XX-DSD pigs indicated abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) function. This study elucidates the genetic and pathological characteristics of prepubescent XX-DSD pigs in familial case, providing valuable insights for further exploration of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying XX-DSD.

Chronic kidney disease combined with metabolic syndrome is a non-negligible risk factor.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of conditions characterized by hypertension (HTN), hyperglycaemia or insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidaemia, and abdominal obesity. MetS is associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality and is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). MetS can cause CKD or accelerate the progression of kidney disease. Recent studies have found that MetS and kidney disease have a cause-and-effect relationship. Patients with CKD, those undergoing kidney transplantation, or kidney donors have a significantly higher risk of developing MetS than normal people. The present study reviewed the possible mechanisms of MetS in patients with CKD, including the disorders of glucose and fat metabolism after kidney injury, IR, HTN and the administration of glucocorticoid and calcineurin inhibitors. In addition, this study reviewed the effect of MetS in patients with CKD on important target organs such as the kidney, heart, brain and blood vessels, and the treatment and prevention of CKD combined with MetS. The study aims to provide strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CKD in patients with MetS.

Corrigendum: Association between pathological characteristics and recurrence score by OncotypeDX in resected T1-3 and N0-1 breast cancer: a real-life experience of a North Hungarian regional center.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611735.].

Bone marrow fibrosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and its correlation with clinicopathological factors.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) severely impacts both the quality of life and the efficacy of diagnostic procedures. However, the correlation between BMF and clinicopathological features, cytogenetic changes, and prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) remains unclear. This study determined the incidence, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes of patients with NDMM with BMF. METHODS: The clinical data, histological features, and clinical outcomes of patients with NDMM were collected. Reticular fiber staining was performed on the enrolled cases, and the degree of reticular fiber overgrowth was graded. Patients with MF-2 and MF-3 were classified as the BMF+ group, and those with MF-0 and MF-1 were classified as the BMF- group, and BMF incidence was calculated. The differences in clinical data, histological features, and clinical outcomes between the BMF+ group and the BMF- group were compared. RESULTS: A consecutive series of 146 patients with NDMM were included. The incidence of MF-0, MF-1, MF-2, and MF-3 was 7.53% (11/146), 34.93% (51/146), 51.37% (75/146), and 6.16% (9/146), respectively. The incidence of BMF-MF-2 and MF-3-was 57.53% (84/146). A significant correlation was identified between the pattern of infiltration and BMF (P < 0.001). In the BMF- group, the distribution of cases with interstitial, nodular, and diffuse infiltration of plasma cells was 16 (25.8%), 21 (33.9%), and 25 (40.3%), respectively. Conversely, in the BMF+ group, these values for interstitial, nodular, and diffuse tumor cells were 9 (10.7%), 15 (17.9%), and 60 (71.4%). Furthermore, BMF was associated with a diffuse infiltration pattern. The overall survival (OS) of the BMF+ group (39.1 months; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.0-44.3) was lower than that of the BMF- group (45.4 months; 95% CI: 39.5-51.3), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.221). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the BMF+ status was not associated with OS in patients with NDMM (P = 0.381 and P = 0.748, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that BMF is linked to a diffuse infiltration pattern, and its occurrence is not related to the prognosis of patients with NDMM, providing a basis for further exploring the BMF value in NDMM diagnosis and treatment.

Peripheral blood immune cell parameters in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and cervical cancer and their clinical value: a retrospective study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to delineate the profile of peripheral blood lymphocytic indices in patients afflicted with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and cervical neoplasms, and to elucidate the correlation of these hematologic markers with the clinicopathological spectra in individuals diagnosed with cervical carcinoma. Methods: We adopted a retrospective case-control modality for this investigation. An aggregate of 39 HSIL patients and 42 cervical carcinoma patients, who were treated in our facility from July 2020 to September 2023, were meticulously selected. Each case of cervical malignancy was confirmed through rigorous histopathological scrutiny. Concomitantly, 31 healthy female individuals, who underwent prophylactic health evaluations during the corresponding timeframe, were enlisted as the baseline control group. We systematically gathered and analyzed clinical demographics, as well as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), from peripheral blood samples. Pearson's correlation coefficient was deployed to dissect the interrelation between peripheral NLR and PLR concentrations and the clinicopathological features in the cervical cancer group. Results: Inter-group comparative analysis unveiled statistically substantial variances in the PLR and NLR values among the tripartite clusters (F = 36.941, 14.998, P < 0.001, respectively). Although discrepancy in NLR (P = 0.061) and PLR (P = 0.759) measures between the groups of cervical carcinoma and HSIL was not statistically appreciable, these indices were markedly elevated in the cervical carcinoma faction as juxtaposed with the normative control group (t = 5.094, 5.927; P < 0.001 for both parameters). A discernible gradation in peripheral blood PLR and NLR concentrations was noted when stratified by clinical stage and the profundity of myometrial invasion in cervical cancer subjects (P < 0.001). The correlation matrix demonstrated a positive liaison between peripheral blood PLR and the clinical gradation, as well as the invasiveness of the neoplastic cells into the muscularis propria (P < 0.05); a similar trend was observed with the NLR values (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Augmented NLR and PLR levels in peripheral blood specimens are indicative of HSIL and cervical malignancy. These hematological parameters exhibit a pronounced interconnection with clinical staging and muscular wall penetration depth, serving as potential discriminative biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer.

Association between pathological characteristics and recurrence score by OncotypeDX in resected T1-3 and N0-1 breast cancer: a real-life experience of a North Hungarian regional center.

Introduction: The 21-gene analysis (OncotypeDX) is validated test for pT1-3, pN0-1 with hormone receptor (HR) positive and normal expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) breast cancer (BC) to determine the aggressiveness of the disease based on the calculation of Recurrence Score (RS). Methods: In this retrospective study the authors correlated pathological characteristics and Recurrence Score (RS) by traditional statistical methods and Observed Oriented Modeling (OOM) in a realistic cohort of BC patients. Results: OncotypeDX tests were performed in 94 tumour specimens of 90 BC patients. >83% of node-negative (pN0) and >72% of node-positive (pN1) cases could avoid chemotherapy. For pN0 cases, non-parametric correlation and tests demonstrated significant association in eight types of characteristics [progesterone receptor (PR) expression, Ki-67 value, Ki-67 group, PR group, grade, estrogen receptor (ER) expression, Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) and Clinical Risk]. For pN1 cases, parametric correlation and tests showed significant association in six characteristic types (number of positive nodes, ER and PR expression, PR group, Ki-67 group and NPI). Based on OOM for pN0 cases, significant associations were established in three characteristics (Ki-67 group, grade and NPI group). For pN1 cases OOM found significant associations in seven characteristics (PR group, PNI, LVI, Ki-67 group, grade, NPI group and number of positive nodes). Conclusion: First in oncology, OOM was applied, which found some other significant characteristics associated with RS than traditional statistical methods. There were few patients, where no clinical associations were found between characteristics and RS contrary to statistically significant differences. Therefore, the results of these statistical analyses can be neither applied for individual cases nor able to provide the bases for screening patients, i.e., whether they need for OncotypeDX testing or not. OncotypeDX still provides a personalised approach in BC.

Pathological Characteristics and Classification of Unstable Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques.

Important forensic diagnostic indicators of sudden death in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, such as acute or chronic myocardial ischemic changes, sometimes make it difficult to locate the ischemic site due to the short death process, the lack of tissue reaction time. In some cases, the deceased died of sudden death on the first-episode, resulting in difficulty for medical examiners to make an accurate diagnosis. However, clinical studies on coronary instability plaque revealed the key role of coronary spasm and thrombosis caused by their lesions in sudden coronary death process. This paper mainly summarizes the pathological characteristics of unstable coronary plaque based on clinical medical research, including plaque rupture, plaque erosion and calcified nodules, as well as the influencing factors leading to plaque instability, and briefly describes the research progress and technique of the atherosclerotic plaques, in order to improve the study on the mechanism of sudden coronary death and improve the accuracy of the forensic diagnosis of sudden coronary death by diagnosing different pathologic states of coronary atherosclerotic plaques.

Clinical and pathological findings of IgA nephropathy following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The features of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) after SARS-CoV-2 infection have not been well characterized. In this study, we compared the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with IgAN who had experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection to those who had not. We conducted a retrospective study that enrolled 38 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN following SARS-CoV-2 infection with 4 months (post-SARS-CoV-2 infection group) and 1154 patients with IgAN prior to the pandemic (pre-SARS-CoV-2 infection group). Among the SARS-CoV-2 group cases, 61% were females. The average duration from SARS-CoV-2 infection to renal biopsy was 78.6 days. Prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the patients had different presentations of nephropathy. One patient had isolated hematuria, two had isolated proteinuria, twenty presented with both hematuria and proteinuria, and one patient had elevated serum creatinine. Additionally, there were eight cases with uncertain nephropathy history, and six cases did not have a history of nephropathy. Following SARS-CoV-2 infection, five patients experienced gross hematuria, one case exhibited creatinine elevation, and five cases showed an increase in proteinuria. The group of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 after the COVID-19 pandemic exhibited older age, higher hypertension ratio and lower eGFR values compared to the pre-SARS-CoV-2 infection group. As for pathological parameters, a higher proportion of patients in the post-SARS-CoV-2 infection group exhibited a higher percentage of sclerotic glomeruli and glomerular ischemic sclerosis. There were no significant differences observed between the two groups in terms of therapy involving steroids, immunosuppressants, or RAS inhibitors. IgA nephropathy patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 were generally older and experienced more severe kidney damage compared to those without SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Clear-cell papillary renal cell tumour: New insights into clinicopathological features and molecular landscape after renaming by 5th WHO classification.

OBJECTIVE: Clear cell papillary renal cell tumour (CCPRCT) is a kind of renal epithelial cell tumor, and was renamed by the 5th WHO due to its specific epidemiology and clinicopathological characteristics. However, the biological mechanism and molecular basis of CCPRCT still need to be further clarified. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of CCPRCC, and particularly compare it with other more prevalent subtypes of renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: 12 cases of CCPRCT were collected for analyzing the clinicopathological characteristics. Then, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was employed to reveal the genetic profiles, followed by comparison with the molecular genetic alterations identified in ccRCC (341) and pRCC (200) datasets obtained from the TCGA database. RESULTS: Of the 12 CCPRCT cases, the male-to-female ratio was 4:1 with a mean age of 49.5 years (48.5 ± 10.5) at diagnosis. All patients were diagnosed accidentally during routine physical examinations. All tumors (12/12, 100%）had a solid-cystic appearance with a well-defined fibrous capsule. The median size of the tumors was 3 cm (2.98 ± 1.2). Histologically, the cystic papillary structures were considered to be prominent, lined with cuboidal tumor cells away from basement membrane. The tumor cells were moderately atypia equivalent to grade 1 or grade 2 according to the ISUP nuclear grading system. Typically, the tumor cell diffusely positive for CK7 and CAIX in a "cup-like" pattern. The results of WES revealed recurrent gene alterations (mainly missense mutation) of TTN and FLT in 4 cases (4/12, 33.3%), respectively, of which, the alteration of FLT was not observed in ccRCC and pRCC of the TCGA database. Other gene alterations including POTEC (1 cases), PRADC1 (1 cases), ZZZ3 (1 case) and PTPRZ1 (1 case), etc. Moreover, all of the CCPRCT cases displayed a lower tumor mutation burden (TMB) compared to ccRCC and pRCC with median TMB of 1.04 (range: 1.94 ± 2.74). None of the patients experienced tumor metastasis, recurrence, or tumor-related deaths. CONCLUSION: CCPRCT is a renal epithelial cell tumor characterized by specific clinical and pathological features. Our study provides additional evidence supporting the favorable prognosis of CCPRCT. Furthermore, the potential molecular alterations were uncovered by this study in CCPRCT such as the FLT family and TTN. However, due to the limited sample size, larger studies are required to validate these findings.

A system review of central nervous system tumors on children in China: epidemiology and clinical characteristics.

BACKGROUND: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and the leading cause of cancer-related death in the latter. Currently, the incidence rate exceeds that of leukemia and ranks first in the incidence of malignant tumors in children. METHODS: The epidemiological data on childhood CNS tumors were collected from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report. The annual percent change (APC) of incidence and mortality-rate changes were estimated via Joinpoint regression. Due to a lack of pertinent data, we performed a system review on the clinical-pathological characteristics in Chinese publications. RESULTS: There was no significant increase in the incidence rate (APC: -0.1, 95% CI: -1.5 to 1.3), but there was a significant increase in the mortality rate (APC: 1.8, 95% CI: 0.3 to 3.4) for childhood CNS tumors. In the subgroup analysis, there were significant increases in both the incidence and mortality rates in rural areas (APC in the incidence: 6.2, 95% CI: 2.4 to 10.2; APC in mortality: 4.4, 95% CI: 0.4 to 8.4). The most common location and type of childhood CNS were, respectively, the cerebral hemisphere (25.5%, 95% CI: 21.7% to 29.4%) and astrocytomas (26.8%, 95% CI: 23.9% to 29.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological trends, and the relevant prediction, highlighted the need to pay continual attention to childhood CNS tumors, and the clinicopathology evinced its own distinctive characteristics. Timely detection and effective treatment must be further promoted regarding childhood CNS tumors with a view to decreasing the disease burden, especially in rural areas.

Acral Lentiginous Melanoma: A Clinicoprognostic Study of 149 Cases at a Single Institution.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiological features, clinical characteristics, and pathological characteristics of acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) and identify prognostic factors. METHODS: A total of 149 patients diagnosed with ALM between August 2008 and December 2019 at the National Cancer Center (NCC) of China were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-up data on patient survival status were collected. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and statistical significance was assessed using the log-rank test. Additionally, a Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS: All patients included in this study were of Chinese ethnicity, with an average age of 52.4 ± 14.8 years (range, 15-80 years) at the time of diagnosis. No gender predilection or genetic susceptibility was observed. The plantar region was the most frequently affected site among primary lesions. Notably, only 17 (11.4%) patients reported a history of trauma. Statistical analysis revealed that a lesion duration of ≤2.5 years, Breslow thickness >4.0 mm, high mitotic rate (>6 mm-2), presence of vascular invasion, and regional lymph node metastasis were identified as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that a lesion duration of ≤2.5 years, Breslow thickness >4.0 mm, high mitotic rate (>6 mm-2), presence of vascular invasion, and regional lymph node metastasis are significantly associated with a poorer prognosis for patients with ALM.

Pathological Characteristics and Classification of Unstable Coronary Atheroscle-rotic Plaques / 法医学杂志

Important forensic diagnostic indicators of sudden death in coronary atherosclerotic heart dis-ease,such as acute or chronic myocardial ischemic changes,sometimes make it difficult to locate the ischemic site due to the short death process,the lack of tissue reaction time.In some cases,the de-ceased died of sudden death on the first-episode,resulting in difficulty for medical examiners to make an accurate diagnosis.However,clinical studies on coronary instability plaque revealed the key role of coronary spasm and thrombosis caused by their lesions in sudden coronary death process.This paper mainly summarizes the pathological characteristics of unstable coronary plaque based on clinical medi-cal research,including plaque rupture,plaque erosion and calcified nodules,as well as the influencing factors leading to plaque instability,and briefly describes the research progress and technique of the atherosclerotic plaques,in order to improve the study on the mechanism of sudden coronary death and improve the accuracy of the forensic diagnosis of sudden coronary death by diagnosing different patho-logic states of coronary atherosclerotic plaques.

The expression of CRIP1 and STUB1 in cancer tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and their clinical prognostic significance / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of cysteine-rich intestinal protein 1(CRIP1),STIP1 ho-mology and U-box protein 1(STUB1)in cancer tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and their clinical prognostic significance.Methods From February 2018 to February 2020,112 patients with hepatocel-lular carcinoma were selected as the study objects.The expression of CRIP1 and STUB1 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was detected by immunohistochemistry.To analyze the relationship between the expression of CRIP1 and STUB1 and their clinicopathological features in hepato-cellular carcinoma patients.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the effects of CRIP1 and STUB1 expression on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.COX regression analysis was performed to analyze the prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma.Results The positive rate of CRIP1 in cancer tissues of pa-tients with hepatocellular carcinoma was 62.50％(70/112),which was significantly higher than that in adja-cent tissues[7.14％(8/112)],the difference was statistically significant(x2=76.652,P＜0.05).The positive rate of STUB1 in cancer tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was 26.23％(32/112),significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues[82.14％(92/112)],and the difference was statistically significant(x2=73.284,P＜0.05).The expression of CRIP1 was negatively correlated with STUB1 in cancer tissues(r=-0.678,P＜0.001).There were significant differences in the positive rates of CRIP1 and STUB1 in hepato-cellular carcinoma patients with different TNM stages,histological grades and maximum tumor diameter(P＜0.05).The 3-year cumulative survival rate of CRIP1 positive group was significantly lower than that of CRIP1 negative group,with statistical significance(Log-rank x2=29.601,P＜0.001).The 3-year cumulative survival rate of STUB1 negative group was significantly lower than that of STUB1 positive group,with statistical sig-nificance(Log-rank x2=13.590,P＜0.001).TNM stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ,histological grade Ⅲ,maximum tumor diam-eter＞5 cm,CRIP1 positive and STUB1 negative were independent risk factors for prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Conclusion CRIP1 expression is up-regulated and STUB1 expression is down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.The prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma can be evaluated clinically based on the expression of CRIP1 and STUB1 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.

The relationship between the expression of lncRNA HOXA-AS2,FOXD2-AS1,and CRNDE in endometrial cancer tissue and the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of patients / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of long non-coding RNA HOXA-AS2(lncRNA HOXA-AS2),long non-coding RNA FOXD2-AS1(lncRNA FOXD2-AS1),and long non-coding RNA CRNDE(lncRNA CRNDE)in endometrial carcinoma and the clinical pathological character-istics and prognosis of patients.Methods Collect samples of endometrial carcinoma cancer tissues and adja-cent tissues excised during surgery from 119 endometrial carcinoma patients admitted to a hospital from Octo-ber 2017 to February 2020.The relative expression levels of HOXA-AS2,FOXD2-AS1 and CRNDE in tissues were retrospectively analyzed,as well as their relationship with clinicopathological features and 3-year survival rate of patients.Results The relative expression levels of HOXA-AS2,FOXD2-AS1 and CRNDE in cancer tissues of endometrial carcinoma patients were higher than those in adjacent tissues,with statistical signifi-cance(P＜0.05).The relative expression levels of HOXA-AS2,FOXD2-AS1 and CRNDE in cancer tissues of endometrial carcinoma patients were positively correlated(rHOXA-As2 vs.FOXD2-AS1=0.384,P=0.001;rHoXA-AS2 vs.CRNDE=0.576,P＜0.001;rFoXD2-AS1 vs.CRNDE=0.326,P=0.003).In the HOXA-AS2,FOXD2-AS1 and CRNDE high expression group,the proportion of patients with international federation of gynecology and ob-stetrics(FIGO)stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ,lymph node metastasis,deep infiltration and low differentiation was higher than that in the low expression group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rate of low HOXA-AS2 expression group in endometrial cancer patients(52/60,86.67％)was higher than that of high HOXA-AS2 expression group(40/59,67.79％),the difference was statistically significant(x2=6.039,P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rate of patients with endometrial cancer with low FOXD2-AS1 expression group(53/59,89.83％)was higher than that of patients with endometrial cancer with high FOXD2-AS1 expression group(39/60,65.00％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=10.456,P＜0.05).The 3-year sur-vival rate of low CRNDE expression group in endometrial cancer patients(51/60,85.00％)was higher than that of high CRNDE expression group(41/59,69.49％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=4.079,P＜0.05).HOXA-AS2,FOXD2-AS1,and CRNDE were risk factors for death in endometrial carcinoma patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of HOXA-AS2,FOXD2-AS1,and CRNDE in endometrial carcinoma cancer tissue is closely related to the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.

The expression of WDR5 in cervical cancer tissue and its relationship with clinical and pathological charac-teristics of patients / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of WD repeat-containing protein 5(WDR5)in cervical cancer tissue and its relationship with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.Methods 105 CA patients admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to March 2020 were included as the study subjects,the cancer tissue and adjacent tissue samples of patients were collected,Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were used to detect the level of WDR5 in CA tissue and adjacent cancer tissues.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to determine the level;Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan Meier method;The influencing factors of patient prognosis were analyzed through Cox regression.Results Among 105 CA tissue samples,the positive expression rate of WDR5(WDR5 positive cases/total cancer tissue cases)was 68.57% (72/105),which was higher than 22.86% (24/105)in adjacent cancer tissues(P<0.05);Compared to adjacent tissues(1.00±0.11),the expression level of WDR5 was higher in CA tissues(4.66±0.98)(t = 38.030,P<0.05).The expression level of WDR5 is related to the degree of differentiation,TNM staging,and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05);The survival rate of WDR5 positive expression was 65.28% (47/72)lower than that of negative expression of 90.91% (30/33)(Log rank χ2 = 6.732,P = 0.009);TNM staging,WDR5,degree of dif-ferentiation,and lymph node metastasis are all influencing factors for patient prognosis(P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of WDR5 is elevated in cervical cancer tissues,and its changes are closely related to TNM staging,differentiation,lymph node metastasis,and prognosis in cervical cancer patients.

Expression and Correlation of HER2/P53/VEGF in Marjolin's Ulcer.

Marjolin's ulcer is described as malignant lesions developed in the injured skin, which can cause several kinds of malignancies. Our results showed that no HER2 but p53 was detected in Majorlin's ulcer samples. Meanwhile, by statistical analysis, we found that the positive rate of p53 in Majorlin's ulcer samples was associated with the pathological type of ulcer canceration and degree of tumor differentiation. The positive expression rate of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was 62.5% in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 39.4% in moderately differentiated SCC, and 66.7% in well-differentiated SCC, respectively. Furthermore, some cases of Majorlin's ulcer with positive P53 were negative for VEGF, while some cases with positive VEGF were negative for P53. Image superposition showed that VEGF expression was absent or minimal in p53-positive cases. However, P53 was not expressed or rarely expressed in VEGF-positive cases. Our results of this study will suggest that P53 can be used as the mark of Marjolin's ulcer differentiation, and there may be some interaction between P53 and VEGF in Marjolin's ulcer. The regulation of microenvironment in the oncogenesis, progression, and differentiation of Marjolin's ulcer is complex and needs further study.