Testicular alterations and semen quality in a selected group of breeding buffaloes.

Testicular ultrasound enables the evaluation of changes in the testicular parenchyma. This study aimed to report the occurrence of hypoechogenic testicular alterations and their relationship with semen quality in five breeding buffaloes. Two buffaloes presented with hyperechoic points characteristic of fibrosis and anechoic density content between the parietal and visceral tunica. The two bulls without ultrasonographic changes showed higher average trajectory speed, linear velocity, curvilinear velocity, amplitude of lateral displacement of the spermatic head, total motility, progressive motility, fast speed, and acrosomal membrane values within the normal range. The number of spermatozoa with major and total defects was higher in the group of animals without alterations. The three buffaloes that presented with testicular alterations produced semen within established freezing standards.

Transthoracic Color Doppler Ultrasound-Guided Grooved Negative Pressure Drainage Tube Implantation in Pericardial Effusion After Cardiac Surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Pericardial effusion is a common complication without a standard postoperative effusion treatment after cardiac surgery. The grooved negative pressure drainage tube has many advantages as the emerging alternative for drainage of pericardial effusion, such as it changes the structure of the traditional side hole, uses the capillary function to ensure drainage smooth, etc. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube implantation in pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery. METHODS: All patients with pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery who underwent transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube implantation between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment results (including clinical symptoms, effusion volume, color Doppler ultrasonography, and computed tomography scan) were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this method. RESULTS: A total of 20 patients successfully underwent transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube implantation. After the operation, their symptoms (chest tightness, shortness of breath, etc.) were all relieved, and dark red or light red drainage fluid (> 200 ml) appeared in the newly placed drainage bottle. Color Doppler ultrasonography showed that the volume of pericardial effusion decreased significantly. CONCLUSION: The transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube is a safe and effective method for the treatment of postoperative pericardial effusion with less trauma, faster recovery, shorter in-hospital stay, and fewer complications.

Transthoracic Color Doppler Ultrasound-Guided Grooved Negative Pressure Drainage Tube Implantation in Pericardial Effusion After Cardiac Surgery

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pericardial effusion is a common complication without a standard postoperative effusion treatment after cardiac surgery. The grooved negative pressure drainage tube has many advantages as the emerging alternative for drainage of pericardial effusion, such as it changes the structure of the traditional side hole, uses the capillary function to ensure drainage smooth, etc. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube implantation in pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery. Methods: All patients with pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery who underwent transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube implantation between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment results (including clinical symptoms, effusion volume, color Doppler ultrasonography, and computed tomography scan) were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this method. Results: A total of 20 patients successfully underwent transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube implantation. After the operation, their symptoms (chest tightness, shortness of breath, etc.) were all relieved, and dark red or light red drainage fluid (> 200 ml) appeared in the newly placed drainage bottle. Color Doppler ultrasonography showed that the volume of pericardial effusion decreased significantly. Conclusion: The transthoracic color Doppler ultrasound-guided grooved negative pressure drainage tube is a safe and effective method for the treatment of postoperative pericardial effusion with less trauma, faster recovery, shorter in-hospital stay, and fewer complications.

Utilidad de la ecografía y del eco-doppler color en pacientes de alto riesgo obstétrico / Usefulness of ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound in high-risk obstetric patients / Utilidade do ultrassom e do ultrassom Doppler colorido em pacientes obstétricas de alto risco

Resumen: La ecografía obstétrica, nos permite determinar con adecuada precisión la biometría fetal y realizar el seguimiento de su curva de crecimiento en función de la edad gestacional. El Eco-Doppler Feto-Placentario, permite el estudio del flujo sanguíneo materno-fetal y de la circulación placentaria de forma no invasiva, inocua y reproducible. Su eficacia ha sido demostrada en el control del embarazo de alto riesgo obstétrico, logrando una reducción de la mortalidad perinatal del 49%. El mismo evalúa la circulación útero - placentaria (arterias uterinas y arteria umbilical), la circulación fetal arterial (arteria cerebral media) y la venosa (Ductus Venoso, Vena Cava Inferior, Vena Umbilical). Identificar el grupo de pacientes con trombofilia, que requieren un control ecográfico más estricto es fundamental para lograr el beneficio con el tratamiento médico.

Abstract: Obstetric ultrasound allows us to determine with adequate precision the fetal biometry and to monitor its growth curve based on gestational age. The Feto-Placental Eco-Doppler allows the study of maternal-fetal blood flow and placental circulation in a non-invasive, safe and reproducible way. Its efficacy has been demonstrated in the control of high-risk obstetric pregnancy, achieving a 49% reduction in perinatal mortality. It evaluates the uterine-placental circulation (uterine arteries and umbilical artery), the fetal arterial circulation (middle cerebral artery) and the venous circulation (Ductus Venoso, Inferior Vena Cava, Umbilical Vein). Identifying the group of patients with thrombophilia, who require stricter ultrasound control is essential to achieve benefit with medical treatment.

Resumo: A ultrassonografia obstétrica permite determinar com precisão adequada a biometria fetal e monitorar sua curva de crescimento com base na idade gestacional. O Eco-Doppler Feto-Placental permite o estudo do fluxo sanguíneo materno-fetal e da circulação placentária de forma não invasiva, segura e reprodutível. Sua eficácia foi demonstrada no controle da gravidez obstétrica de alto risco, alcançando uma redução de 49% na mortalidade perinatal. Avalia a circulação útero-placentária (artérias uterinas e artéria umbilical), a circulação arterial fetal (artéria cerebral média) e a circulação venosa (Canal Venoso, Veia Cava Inferior, Veia Umbilical). Identificar o grupo de pacientes com trombofilia, que necessita de controle ultrassonográfico mais rígido, é essencial para obter benefício com o tratamento médico.

[Early detection of abdominal aortic aneurysm in risk population]. / Detección oportuna de aneurismas de aorta abdominal en población de riesgo.

INTRODUCTION: An aneurysm is the increase in diameter of an artery>50%; the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the most frequent. Abdominal ultrasound is an accessible study, highly recommended for diagnosis. Screening at risk populations reduces morbidity and mortality of this disease. METHODS: To determine the frequency of AAA by duplex Doppler in patients older than 65 years old with risk factors. A cross sectional study was performed, from June to October 2012, 144 patients were included, both genders, >65 years. The diameter of the infrarenal abdominal aorta was measured by duplex Doppler. AAA was defined as an aorta with diameter>3 cm. RESULTS: Mean age was 72.7±6.7, 95.1% were male, 13% continued smoking. 127 of 144 were normal. 10 of 144 had AAA with diameters of 3.2 to 7.11 cm, all of them male. Logistic regression showed that active smoking is a significant predictive factor for AAA. CONCLUSION: There is a significant frequency of AAA in male patients>65 years old.

Introducción: aneurisma es el incremento del diámetro de una arteria > 50 %; los más frecuentes son los aneurismas de la aorta abdominal (AAA). La ecografía abdominal es el estudio de escrutinio para su diagnóstico. La detección oportuna del AAA en población de riesgo disminuye la morbimortalidad. El objetivo fue estimar la frecuencia de AAA en pacientes mayores de 65 años.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal entre junio y octubre del 2012 en pacientes de ambos sexos mayores de 65 años que cubrieron los criterios de selección. Se les practicó ultrasonidoDoppler dúplex y se midió el diámetro anteroposterior de la aorta abdominal infrarrenal, se definió como AAA a una aorta abdominal con un diámetro mayor a 3 cm. Se empleó estadística descriptiva y regresión logística para factores de riesgo.Resultados: se incluyeron 144 pacientes, edad media (72.7 ± 6.7), el 95.1 % sexo masculino. El 13 % continuaban fumando. En 127 el diámetro de la aorta fue normal. Se detectaron 10 pacientes con AAA, todos del sexo masculino, el diámetro de los aneurismas identificados variaron de 3.2 a 7.11 cm, el diámetro promedio de 3 - 4 cm (n = 5). Solo el tabaquismo activo fue un factor predictivo significativo para AAA.Conclusión: Se demostró frecuencia significativa de AAA no detectada en masculinos mayores de 65 años, el tabaquismo fue el factor de riesgo más importante.