Effect of Different Concentrations of Chlorhexidine in Glass-ionomer Cements on In Vivo Biocompatibility.

PURPOSE: To examine whether a difference exists between the in vivo biocompatibility of glass-ionomer cements (GICs) containing chlorhexidine (CHX) in different concentrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-four male Wistar rats were distributed into 7 groups (n = 12) and received subcutaneous implants of small tubes containing different materials, as follows: Ketac control (K), Ketac-CHX 10% (K10), Ketac-CHX 18% (K18), Resilience control (R), Resilience-CHX 10% (R10), Resilience-CHX 18% (R18), Control (polyethylene). The animals were then sacrificed on post-insertion days 7, 15 and 30, and tissues were examined under an optical microscope for inflammatory infiltrate, edema, necrosis, granulation tissue, multinucleated giant cells, and collagen fibers. The results were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Groups K18 and R18 showed larger areas of intense inflammatory infiltrate, with significant differences between group C and groups K18 and R18 (p = 0.007) at 7 days, and between groups C and K18 (p = 0.017) at 15 days. In terms of tissue repair, groups K18 and R18 demonstrated a lower quantity of collagen fibers with significant differences from group C (p = 0.019) at 7 days, and between group K18 and group C (p = 0.021) at 15 days. CONCLUSION: The 18% concentration of CHX was shown to have a toxic effect. The 10% concentration of CHX was shown to be suitable for tissue contact. The addition of CHX to the glass-ionomer cements is a highly promising method for obtaining of an antibacterial GIC for use in clinical practice.

Fragrance material review on carbonic acid, methyl phenylmethyl ester.

A toxicologic and dermatologic review of carbonic acid, methyl phenylmethyl ester when used as a fragrance ingredient is presented. Carbonic acid, methyl phenylmethyl ester is a member of the fragrance structural group Aryl Alkyl Alcohol Simple Acid Esters (AAASAE). The AAASAE fragrance ingredients are prepared by reacting an aryl alkyl alcohol with a simple carboxylic acid (a chain of 1-4 carbons) to generate formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate and carbonate esters. This review contains a detailed summary of all available toxicology and dermatology papers that are related to this individual fragrance ingredient and is not intended as a stand-alone document. Available data for carbonic acid, methyl phenylmethyl ester were evaluated, then summarized, and includes: physical properties, acute toxicity, skin irritation, and skin sensitization data. A safety assessment of the entire AAASAE will be published simultaneously with this document. Please refer to Belsito et al. (2012) for an overall assessment of the safe use of this material and all AAASAE in fragrances.

[Substantiation of maximum permissible water level of the flotation reagent EFK-1]. / Obosnovanie dopustimogo urovnia flotoreagenta EFK-1 v vode.

Threshold concentrations of the flotation reagent EFK-1 in the water of reservoirs at 0.8 mg/l and 10.0 mg/l for organoleptic and total sanitary indices, respectively, were reported. Dl50 was 7469 mg/kg. The MAC of 0.8 mg/l for EFK-1 in the water of reservoirs (the limiting sign is organoleptic) was proposed.

[Toxicologic evaluation of sucrose carbonic acid esters in basic subchronic feeding studies in rats. 2. Effect of sucroacetoglycerides]. / Toxikologische Beurteilung von Saccharosecarbonsäureestern auf der Grundlage subchronischer Fütterungsversche mit Ratten. 2. Mitt. Wirkung von Sucroacetoglyceriden.

Groups of male and female rats received a sucroacetoglycerides containing product (SAG) for 3 months at dietary levels of 0, 2.5, 5 and 10%. Food consumption was initially increased in females at all SAG-levels. After two weeks significant increases in food intake were observed in males and females fed 10% SAG throughout the feeding period. The serum analysis revealed significantly elevated activity in serum alkaline phosphatase at the highest SAG-level in males and females after 6 weeks and in females after 13 weeks. Histological changes related to the SAG-feeding were noted in the intestinal lymph nodes of male and female animals fed 10% SAG. The no-adverse effect level established in this subchronic feeding study was 5% SAG in the diet of rats, equivalent to a daily intake of 3.6 g/kg body weight in males and 4.0 g/kg in females.

The effects of zinc gluconate, vitamin A and caesium salts on colon carcinoma in mice.

Tests have been conducted using caesium salts, zinc gluconate and vitamin A on colon carcinoma ( C38 ) implants in BDF1 mice. Preliminary work suggested a correlation between the repression of tumour growth and the use of these compounds. Present data show a high degree of tumour repression when selected amounts of these compounds are used together in a treatment protocol.

Synthesis, pharmacologic and toxicologic study of carbonic and carbamic acid esters.

The results of the pharmacologic study of some synthesized derivatives of carbamic and carbonic acids show that the compounds are biologically active. They are less toxic than imipramine, and exert a marked excitation effect on the central nervous system. Some of the compounds (including PS-1, P-8-Y and PS-4) possess greater antidepressive action than imipramine.