Scrotal elephantiasis associated with follicular occlusion triad: A case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Follicular occlusion triad (FOT) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease and no more than 3 variants of the triad have been reported. We give a report in which scrotal elephantiasis is a variant of FOT and further perform a literature review. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 41-year-old man came to us because of a large scrotal cyst and generalized skin lesions that had occurred over the past 10 years. The generalized skin lesions consisted of hidradenitis suppurativa on the perineum and back, acne conglobata in the armpit, and dissecting cellulitis of the scalp. He took antibiotics for a long time but achieved poor effect. Furthermore, he told his father and elder brother also manifested such skin lesions. DIAGNOSES: Magnetic resonance showed a mass in the left scrotum with clear boundaries. A routine blood test showed a high leukocyte level of 12 × 10/L and a hemoglobin content of 78 g/L. C-reactive-protein increased. Series of autoimmune antibody tests were negative. The postoperative pathologic findings showed that the mass was an epidermoid cyst, and hematoxylin and eosin staining showed hyperkeratosis of the skin as well as inflammatory and edematous changes. A diagnosis of a variant of FOT was made. INTERVENTIONS: We removed skin abscesses and lesioned the inner part with hydrogen peroxide. Then we performed an excision of the scrotal lesion. OUTCOME: The patient recovered well and had no evidence of recurrence at a 16-month follow-up. LESSONS: We reported a case in which scrotal elephantiasis was a variant of FOT and surgical intervention played an important role in secondary urologic diseases.

Caracterización clínico epidemiológica del acné conglobata en las provincias de Holguín y Granma / Clinical Epidemiological Description of Conglobate Acne in Holguin and Granma Provinces

Introducción: el acné es una de las afecciones dermatológicas más frecuentes en la práctica médica, de ellas, el acné conglobata se caracteriza por ser poco común. La génesis del acné conglobata es compleja y depende de la interacción de varios factores, entre ellos, los genéticos.Objetivo: caracterizar de forma clínica, epidemiológica e histopatológica el acné conglobata en familiares de la región Holguín –Granma.Método: se realizó un estudio de serie de casos en el período comprendido de enero 2000 a diciembre 2014. Se describió el contexto medioambiental donde se desarrollaron los enfermos. Los enfermos fueron examinados para confeccionar el árbol genealógico, se le realizó seguimiento clínico de las lesiones y biopsia para estudio histopatológico.Resultados: la enfermedad afectó a mujeres y hombres en edad antes de 21 años. Las primeras lesiones generalmente fueron noduloquísticas. Los quistes, los nódulos, los macrocomedones, los conglomerados fistulizados, las bridas cicatriciales tuvieron poca capacidad de resolución con el tratamiento convencional y alcanzaron grandes tamaños a medida que avanzó el tiempo de evolución. Las lesiones se distribuyeron con predilección en la espalda, las axilas y los glúteos. Los cambios histopatológicos fueron la hiperqueratosis con tapones córneos, las alteraciones foliculares y la presencia de los quistes de inclusión epidérmica con trayectos fistulosos. La herencia se comportó autonómico dominante. Las zonas con mayor número de casos fueron las dispuestas en las márgenes del río Cauto y en lugares aledaños.Conclusiones: se definieron los elementos diagnósticos de la enfermedad, tanto clínico y epidemiológicos, como histopatológicos.(AU)

Introduction: acne is one of the most frequent dermatology affections in medical practices, and conglobate acne is characterized as uncommon. The genesis of this illness is complicated and depends on the interaction of many factors, for example the genetic factors.Objective: to describe histopatological, epidemiological and clinically the conglobate acne incidence in some families from Holguín Granma regions.Method: a case series study was carried out for the period from January 2000 to December 2014. The environmental context where the patients were developed was described. The patients were examined to make the family tree, clinical follow-up of lesions and biopsy for histopathological study.Results: the disease affected women and men before the age of 21. The nodule cystic lesions were the first ones. Nodules, macrocomedones, fistulized conglomerates, scar flanges had little resolution capacity with conventional treatment and reached large sizes as the evolution time advanced. The lesions were distributed with a preference in the back, underarms and glutes. Histopathological changes were hyperkeratosis with corneal plugs, follicular alterations and the presence of epidermal inclusion cysts with fistulous pathways. The inheritance behaved autonomously dominant. The areas with the highest number of cases were those located on the banks of the Cauto River and in surrounding areas.Conclusions: the diagnostic elements of the disease, both clinical and epidemiological, as well as histopathological, were defined.(AU)

Familial Mediterranean fever patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.

BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has recently been described as a component of two autoinflammatory syndromes: PASH (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and HS) and PAPASH (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, pyogenic arthritis, and HS). These associations together with others such as inflammatory bowel diseases suggest that defects in autoinflammatory pathways may play a role in the pathogenesis of HS. OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical and genetic characteristics of two unrelated patients with HS and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). METHODS: Case study. RESULTS: Besides FMF and HS, the first patient had acne conglobata, and the second patient had pyoderma gangrenosum and ankylosing spondyloarthropathy. Both patients had M694V/V726A MEFV gene mutations. CONCLUSION: PASH and PAPASH have recently been associated with genetic alterations of gene encoding proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1), which interacts with the product of MEFV gene in the autoinflammatory pathway. This intriguing molecular interaction may explain shared phenotypic characteristics seen in genetic defects. Association of one more autoinflammatory disorders with HS adds another brick to the wall.