Network analysis of affect, emotion regulation, psychological capital, and resilience among Chinese males during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Previous studies have confirmed that both affect and emotion regulation strategies are closely associated with psychological capital (PsyCap) and resilience. These factors are assumed to buffer the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, especially among males. However, these interactions have not been closely examined to date. To fill this gap, this paper explores the dimension-level relationships of these psychological constructs among Chinese males during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and identified critical bridge dimensions using network analysis. Methods: A total of 1,490 Chinese males aged 21-51 years completed self-report scales assessing emotion regulation strategies, affect, PsyCap, and psychological resilience. Two regularized partial correlation networks, namely the affect and emotion regulation-PsyCap network and the affect and emotion regulation-psychological resilience network, were then constructed to examine links between the dimensions of these constructs. The bridge expected influence (BEI) index was also calculated for each node to identify important bridge nodes. Results: Positive affect, negative affect, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression showed distinct and complex links to various dimensions of PsyCap or psychological resilience. In both networks, positive affect, cognitive reappraisal, and negative affect were identified as critical bridge nodes, with the first two having positive BEI values and the third having a negative value. Conclusion: The findings elucidate the specific role of the dimensions of emotion regulation or affect in relation to PsyCap and psychological resilience, which facilitates further understanding of the mechanisms underlying these interrelationships. These findings also provide implications for developing effective intervention strategies to increase PsyCap and psychological resilience.

Navigating puberty, identity, and race among transnationally, transracially adopted Korean American adolescents.

This exploratory study examined the relation between pubertal timing and dimensions of ethnic-racial identity among adopted Korean Americans raised transracially in White families. The study also examined whether internalized racism moderated the association between pubertal timing and ethnic-racial identity. Adopted Korean American adolescents (N = 202; 108 females; ages 13-19 years) completed measures of pubertal development, ethnic-racial identity, and internalized racism in 2007. There was no significant main effect of pubertal timing for either male or female adolescents. Internalized racism moderated the relation between pubertal timing and ethnic-racial identity clarity (B = -.16, p = .015) among male adolescents. Specifically, earlier pubertal timing was significantly associated with lower ethnic-racial identity clarity for male adolescents with higher levels of internalized racism.

Promoting HPV vaccination among Latinx: an application of the extended parallel processing model.

Vaccine hesitancy is a substantial barrier to increasing HPV vaccination rates among Latinx in the US who experience disproportional rates of HPV-related cancers. The current research tests the effectiveness of culturally-targeted, fear-appeal messages designed using the Extended Parallel Processing Model (EPPM). We compared differences among Latinx young adults and parents of adolescents of the effectiveness of messages that highlight HPV-related cancers, genital warts, or a control condition to promote online information seeking about the HPV vaccine-a known precursor to vaccination intention. Results found messages containing EPPM messaging elements produced significantly higher self-reported intention to seek information about HPV vaccines in comparison to a control message group. However, participants who received control messages had the highest percentage of hyperlink clicks to more information about HPV (a novel measure of information seeking). Findings suggest that fear appeals may be effective for promoting information seeking about HPV vaccination, which in turn could increase vaccine utilization, among Latinx participants. Clinical trial registration number (NCT05206669) retrospectively registered January 25, 2022.

Changes in Dietary Intake Patterns and Weight Status during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study Focusing on Young Adults in Malaysia.

INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) isolation has altered individuals' food purchasing behaviour and dietary intake patterns. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the changes in dietary intake patterns and their impacts on the weight status of young adults in Malaysia during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 1045 young adults in Malaysia. The changes in dietary intake patterns were assessed using the Dietary Diversity Questionnaire with slight modifications, while anthropometric measurements including body height, body weight before the pandemic and current body weight were self-reported. RESULTS: Overall, nearly half of the respondents (48.8%) gained weight during the confinement, with an average increment of 4.06 ± 3.23 kg. Of 1045, 45.3% reported consuming more fruits and 60.2% had higher plain water intake during the pandemic. It is observed that 41.0% to 66.8% of the young adults changed their dietary intake patterns during the pandemic. Increased consumption in cereals and grains (ß = 0.084, p = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.017-0.160), as well as oils and fats (ß = 0.123, p = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.059-0.241), was positively associated with weight gain during the pandemic. On the contrary, an increased plain water intake was negatively associated with weight gain during the lockdown (ß = -0.100, p = 0.003, 95% CI = -0.171--0.034). Findings in the current study also suggested that cutting back cereals and grains (ß = 0.156, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.122-0.288), as well as oils and fats (ß = 0.091, p = 0.012, 95% CI = 0.022-0.183), contributed significantly to weight loss during the pandemic confinement. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the enforcement of the Movement Control Order (MCO) drove up the prevalence of overweight/obesity among young adults in Malaysia. Increased consumption of cereals and grains and oils and fats contributed to weight gain in the pandemic lockdown. Nonetheless, a noticeable proportion of young adults in Malaysia shifted to a healthier food choice by increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables.

Emotional intelligence and adult attachment: Effects on problematic smartphone usage

El uso del smartphone puede tornarse problemático cuando se presentan dificultades de regulación emocional. En la investigación se plan-tearon tres objetivos: analizar el efecto de las dimensiones de inteligencia emocional y el apego sobre el uso del smartphone; evaluar las diferencias en el uso problemático del móvil atendiendo a tipos y estilos de apego; ex-plorar el efecto del sexo y la edad. Se utilizaron la Escala de Dependencia y Adicción al Smartphone, la Escala de Inteligencia Emocional de Wong & Law y el Cuestionario de Apego adulto. El estudio incluyó a 552 jóvenes (M= 21.79, SD= 2.66; 74.1% mujeres)seleccionados por muestreo inten-cionaly clasificados en Generación Z y Millennials. Una baja conciencia de las propias emociones (inteligencia emocional), una pobre autoestima y ne-cesidad de aprobación, la resolución hostil de conflictos, rencor y posesivi-dad (apego) predecían el uso problemático. Además, el tipo inseguro de apego y los estilos negativos como el temeroso se relacionan más con este uso problemático. El sexo aportaba cierta capacidad explicativa, siendo las mujeres las que mostraron más problemas. Los hallazgos apoyan la rele-vancia de construir un apego seguro y positivoydeser capaces de evaluar las propias emociones para prevenir los usos problemáticos del smartpho-ne.(AU)

Smartphone usage can become problematic when individuals have difficulties in emotional regulation. To clarify riskfactors for prob-lematic smartphone usage, the study had three objectives: To analyze the effect of emotional intelligence and attachment dimensions on smartphone usage; to evaluate differences by types and styles of attachment in prob-lematic smartphone usage; to explore the roles of sex and age. For this purpose, the Smartphone Dependency and Addiction Scale, the Wong & Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Adult Attachment Question-naire were used.The study included 552 young adults(M = 21.79, SD = 2.66; 74.1% women)selected by purposive sampling, and classified in Generation Z and Millennials. The results showed that low awareness of one's emotions (emotional intelligence), poor self-esteem and need for ap-proval, hostile conflict resolution, rancor, and possessiveness (attachment) predicted problematic smartphone usage. Furthermore, insecure type of at-tachment and negative styles such as fearfulnesswere closely related to smartphone addiction. Sex had some explanatory power with respect to device use, with women showing higher levels of problematic smartphone usage. In conclusion, the findings support the importance of the secure and positive attachment system, and being able to evaluate and regulate one’s own emotions for preventing problematic smartphone use.(AU)

Identifying Patterns of Alcohol Use and Obesity-Related Factors Among Emerging Adults: A Behavioral Economic Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Although heavy alcohol consumption and maladaptive eating behaviors have been shown to co-occur among college students, less is known about the co-occurrence of these behaviors in a more diverse community-dwelling, emerging adult sample. The purpose of this study was to: (i) identify classes of emerging adults by their reported alcohol consumption patterns, food addiction symptoms, and body mass index; and (ii) determine whether these classes differed on indices of behavioral economic reinforcer pathology (e.g., environmental reward deprivation, impulsivity, alcohol demand). METHOD: Emerging adult participants were recruited as part of a study on risky alcohol use (n = 602; 47% white, 41.5% Black; mean age = 22.63, SD = 1.03). Participants completed questionnaires on alcohol and food-related risk factors and underwent anthropometric assessment. RESULTS: Latent profile analysis suggested a four-profile solution: a moderate alcohol severity, overweight profile (Profile 1; n = 424, 70.4%), a moderate alcohol severity, moderate food addiction + obese profile (Profile 2; n = 93, 15.4%), a high alcohol severity, high food addiction + obese profile (Profile 3; n = 44, 7.3%), and a high alcohol severity, overweight profile (Profile 4; n = 41, 6.8%). Individuals in Profile 1 reported significantly lower levels of environmental reward deprivation than either Profile 2 or 3, and participants in Profile 3 reported significantly higher environmental reward deprivation than those in Profile 4 (p < 0.001). Profile 4 demonstrated significantly higher alcohol demand intensity and Omax and lower demand elasticity than Profile 1, Profile 2, or Profile 3. Profile 4 also demonstrated significantly greater proportionate substance-related reinforcement than Profile 1 (p < 0.001) and Profile 2 (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Maladaptive eating patterns and alcohol consumption may share common risk factors for reinforcer pathology including environmental reward deprivation, impulsivity, and elevated alcohol demand.

Young adults with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions: sexuality and relationships support.

OBJECTIVE: The research project addressed the need to support young adults with issues relating to sexuality and relationships though the development of guidance and standards for practice. METHODS: An action research project underpinned by an interpretivist qualitative framework. Participants were recruited to the project via three hospices in the UK. Data from four focus groups were analysed thematically using a process of constant comparison. RESULTS: Sixteen young adults with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions aged 21-33 years participated in the study. Three significant themes were identified: sexuality and the transition to adulthood, recognising the significance of sex and relationships, and realising sexual rights. CONCLUSION: Sexuality and relationships play an important role in the transition to adulthood for people with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions living in the UK. While young adults with these conditions may have considerable support needs, it is important to balance this with the freedom to exercise choice and to make independent decisions. Sex negativity can have an adverse impact on the experiences of young adults and creates barriers. Improved ongoing access to sex education and the provision of enabling environments that afford privacy and safety are important to support young adults with sexuality and relationships.

Alcohol-Specific Communication and Emerging Adult Offspring's Perceived Parental Approval and Drinking in the Context of Parent Alcohol Expectancies.

BACKGROUND: There are mixed findings in the literature regarding the association between parental alcohol communication and offspring alcohol use. To clarify this association, this study tested a prospective mediated moderation model in which the association between parental communication about the risks of alcohol use and emerging adult offspring drinking was mediated by offspring perceived parental approval of drinking. Parental alcohol expectancies and use were tested as moderators of the link between communication and perceived approval. METHOD: The community sample of 378 emerging adult and caregiver dyads completed 3 annual assessments (first assessment mean age = 19.13). The sample was 54% female and majority White/non-Hispanic (76%). Caregivers reported on their own alcohol expectancies and use, and emerging adult offspring reported on parental communication of alcohol risks, perceived parental approval of drinking, and their own alcohol use. Multilevel modeling was used to test hypotheses. RESULTS: Mediated moderation was largely supported. More frequent communication about the risks of drinking was prospectively associated with low levels of perceived parental approval of alcohol use, which in turn was associated with low levels of offspring drinking. This pathway depended on parental alcohol expectancies. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that including mediators (e.g., perceived approval of drinking) helps to clarify the mixed literature on parental communication about alcohol and that parental attitudes about alcohol can impact the effectiveness with which parents convey the risk of alcohol to offspring.

O que a juventude negra do slam tem a dizer para a psicologia social? / What do slam black youth have to say to social psychology? / ¿qué tienen que decir la juventud negra del slam a la psicología social?

Resumo Este trabalho discute como as poesias no slam tensionam a sociedade no contexto do racismo em suas diversas dimensões. As rodas de slam são um espaço onde slammers expõem manifestos poéticos sobre racismo e formas de opressão e onde a juventude negra se inscreve no mundo por meio de sua narrativa, interagindo com seus iguais e produzindo relações que fortalecem, legitimam e valorizam suas vivências. A partir da abordagem afrocêntrica e afrorreferenciada, tomamos poesias de slammers como materialidade para problematizar o lugar que a temática racial ocupa na Psicologia Social, pensando o social como um campo problemático construído e produzido a partir de diferentes práticas humanas. Com isso, podemos abrir na roda da psicologia social uma fenda que desloca a produção de conhecimento a partir da pluriversalidade, ou seja, as possibilidades de as rodas de slam convidarem a psicologia social a compor teorias localizadas fora do círculo acadêmico ocidentocêntrico.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza cómo la poesía en slam tensiona a la sociedad en el contexto del racismo en sus diversas dimensiones. Las ruedas de slam son espacios donde los slammers exponen manifiestos poéticos sobre el racismo y las formas de opresión y donde los jóvenes negros se inscriben en el mundo a través de su narrativa, interactuando con sus pares y produciendo relaciones que fortalecen, legitiman y valoran sus vivencias. Desde un enfoque afrocéntrico y afroreferenciado, tomamos la poesía de slammers como materialidad para problematizar el lugar que ocupan los temas raciales en la Psicología Social, pensando en lo social como un campo problemático construido y producido a partir de diferentes prácticas humanas. Con esto, podemos abrir una brecha en la rueda de la psicología social que desplaza la producción de conocimiento de la pluriversalidad, es decir, las posibilidades de ruedas de slam para invitar a la psicología social a componer teorías ubicadas fuera del círculo académico occidental-céntrico.

Abstract This paper discusses how poetry in slam tensions society in the context of racism in its various dimensions. The slam wheels are spaces where slammers expose poetic manifestos about racism and other forms of oppression, and where black youth are inscribed in the world through their narratives, interacting with their peers and producing relations that strengthen, legitimize and value their experiences. From an Afrocentric and African-referenced approach, we take slammers poetry as materiality to problematize the place that racial themes occupy in Social Psychology, thinking of the social as a problematic field constructed and produced from different human practices. With this, we can open a crack in the circle of social psychology that displaces the production of knowledge from pluriversality, that is, the possibilities of slam wheels to invite social psychology to compose theories outside the Western-centered academic circle.

Uno de nosotros cometimos un crimen*: trayectorias en la construcción de víctimas de homicidios en jóvenes / Um de nós cometeu um crime: trajetórias na construção de vítimas de homicídio em jovens / One of us committed a crime: trajectories in the construction of homicide victims in young people

Este trabajo se propone identificar trayectorias que contribuyen a que jóvenes de sectores populares sean víctimas de un homicidio. Nos ocuparemos de muertes producidas entre personas que mantienen vínculos previos al hecho y que no tienen como motivación cometer un robo u otro delito. El texto documenta y analiza la trayectoria de un joven víctima de este tipo de homicidio desde una perspectiva cualitativa. El trabajo de campo se produjo entre 2011 y 2017 en barrios populares de municipios del conurbano de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Sostenemos que en la trayectoria existe un proceso colectivo que agudiza la vulnerabilidad del joven a la agresión letal. En su composición, destacamos acontecimientos clave que restringen las posibilidades de agencia de las víctimas y la conducen a una zona de fragilidad a la muerte en el contexto de la sociabilidad local. (AU)

Este trabalho visa identificar trajetórias que contribuem para o fato de jovens de setores populares serem vítimas de homicídio. Trataremos de mortes que ocorram entre pessoas que possuem vínculo anterior ao evento e que não têm motivação para cometer roubo ou outro crime. O texto documenta e analisa a trajetória de uma jovem vítima desse tipo de homicídio em uma perspectiva qualitativa. O trabalho de campo ocorreu entre 2011 e 2017 em bairros populares de municípios da periferia da província de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Argumentamos que há um processo coletivo ao longo da trajetória que aumenta a vulnerabilidade dos jovens às agressões letais. Em sua composição, destacamos eventos-chave que restringem as possibilidades do agenciamento para as vítimas e as conduzem a uma zona de fragilidade à morte no contexto da sociabilidade local. (AU)

This article aims to identify trajectories that contribute to the fact that young people from popular sectors are victims of homicide. We will deal with deaths that occur between people who have links prior to the event and who are not motivated to commit a robbery or other crime. The text documents and analyzes the trajectory of a young victim of this type of homicide from a qualitative perspective. The field work took place between 2011 and 2017 in popular neighborhoods of the suburbs of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We maintain that there is a collective process along the trajectory that exacerbates the youth's vulnerability to lethal aggression. In its composition, we highlight key events that restrict the agency's possibilities for victims and lead them to a zone of fragility to death in the context of local sociability. (AU)

Demographic, Behavioural and Anthropometric Correlates of Food Liking: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Young Adults.

The degree to which foods are liked or disliked is associated with dietary intake and health behaviours. However, most food liking research has focused on single foods and nutrients and few studies have examined associations with demographics and health behaviours. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between food liking and socio-demographics, health behaviours, diet quality and body mass index (BMI) in a sample of young Australian adults. Data from 1728 undergraduate students (21.8 (standard deviation [SD] 6.0) years; 76% female) were used. Food liking scores and a diet quality index (Dietary Guideline Index, DGI) were estimated from a Food Liking Questionnaire and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), respectively. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between food liking and correlates. Young adults with higher liking for encouraged core foods were older, female, did their own food shopping, consumed less packaged foods and had better diet quality. Higher liking for discretionary foods and beverages was associated with less healthy behaviours, such as smoking, higher BMI and lower diet quality. These results suggest that food liking measures may offer an appropriate methodology for understanding influences on young adults' food choices, adding to the body of literature investigating the potential for food liking scores to assess diet-disease relationships.

COVID-19​ live Q&A role of young people to stop the COVID-19 infodemic. Ask WHO​ of 12 Aug. 2020

#AskWHO​ series: This was the live discussion of 12 August 2020 about the role of young people in stopping the COVID-19 "infodemic" with Dr Mike Ryan, Executive Director of WHO Health Emergencies Programme, and Dr Maria Van Kerkhove, WHO Technical Lead on COVID-19. Questions from the audience were taken.

Predictors of primary and secondary sexual abstinence among never-married youth in urban poor Accra, Ghana.

BACKGROUND: Sexual abstinence is a key component of the strategy to address unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections and HIV among youth in sub-Sahara Africa. But contextual pressures make abstaining from sex a formidable task for urban poor youth in the sub-region. Nevertheless, some youth in these settings still manage to resist the pressure to initiate sex early, while others choose abstinence after an initial sexual debut. Few studies in the sub-region have examined sexual abstinence among urban poor youth. We therefore examined the factors that predict primary and secondary sexual abstinence among youth in urban poor Accra. The findings highlight the protective factors associated with sexual intercourse and should help to address the needs of youth at risk of unprotected sex. METHODS: The study analysed pooled data from two rounds of the Urban Health and Poverty Survey. The surveys analysed were conducted in 2011 and 2013. The analysis was restricted to unmarried youth between age 20 and 24 years. The total sample comprised 235 female and male youth. We conducted multinomial logistic regression analysis to examine the predictors of primary and secondary abstinence relative to current sexual intercourse. RESULTS: The results showed that being female, sexual communication with only fathers, sexual communication with only friends and slum residence were negatively associated with primary sexual abstinence. Contrarily, being in school, attaching importance to religion, residing in a household that received social support and sexual communication with both parents were positively associated with primary abstinence. Regarding secondary abstinence, only the sexual communication variables had significant effects. Sexual communication with both parents positively predicted secondary abstinence while communication with fathers-only and friends-only had a negative effect. CONCLUSION: Sexual abstinence is predicted by factors which range from individual through household factors to the locality of residence. Despite the importance of all the predictors, the study found that sexual communication with both parents was the only factor that predicted a higher likelihood of both primary and secondary sexual abstinence. We therefore recommend sexual communication between parents and youth as a key strategy for promoting sexual abstinence among urban poor youth in Accra, Ghana.

The impact of place and legacy framing on climate action: A lifespan approach.

Despite several decades of research on more effectively communicating climate change to the general public, there is only limited knowledge about how older adults engage with an issue that will shape and define future generations. We focus on two key factors that may motivate younger and older adults to engage in climate change action, legacy concern and place attachment, and assess whether older adults differ in any appreciable way from the general population in this domain. We randomly exposed participants of different ages to either a Legacy, Place, or control writing induction task before they completed various self-report measures. Both induction conditions were associated with significantly greater pro-environmental behavioral intentions and donations for all age groups when compared to the control condition. Legacy motivation and biophilia were used as manipulation checks and found to partially mediate these effects. Findings suggest that legacy and place message framing may be useful in prompting adults of all ages to take action to help combat climate change.

The Effect of the Economic Crisis on Adolescents' Perceived Health and Risk Behaviors: A Multilevel Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have analyzed the impact of economic crises on adult's health and lifestyles, but evidence among children and adolescents is limited. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the economic crisis on self-perceived health and some risk behaviors in the Spanish adolescent population. METHODS: We used data from four waves (2002, 2006, 2010, 2014) of the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey in Spain. Separate multilevel logistic and linear regression models were applied for health complaints, self-rated health, life satisfaction, smoking, alcohol consumption, and breakfast skipping. Annual change in Spanish regional unemployment rates was used as a proxy of the economic crisis. An increasing set of control variables were included, consisting of individual, socioeconomic, and family and peer relationships indicators. Median odds ratios were estimated to quantify the cross-region and cross-school variation. RESULTS: Increases in unemployment rates were linked to a higher risk of poorer health and bad habits in the simplest models. The effect was no longer statistically significant when indicators of family and peer relationships were included, suggesting a protective effect against the impact of the economic crisis. Our findings also show that schools had a larger effect on health and lifestyles than regions. CONCLUSION: The child's social context-family, peers, school, and region-play an important role on the effects of the economic crisis on health and risk behaviors.

"When we were young, it really was a treat; now sugar is just the norm every day"-A qualitative study of parents' and young adults' perceptions and consumption of sugary drinks.

ISSUE ADDRESSED: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are the leading source of free sugars in Australian children's and adults' diets. This study explores drivers of consumption among parents and young adults to inform interventions. METHODS: Eight focus groups (n = 59) stratified by gender, age/life stage and SES were analysed thematically. RESULTS: Daily SSB consumption was normalised. Participants drank SSBs to avoid perceived energy/sugar deficits, to treat themselves and as a function of familial influence. Frequent consumption was considered acceptable if "in moderation" and/or "balanced" with exercise/diet; however, there was a large disconnect between this language of moderation and actual consumption practices. Participants acknowledged that social norms had changed over time. There was little evidence of accurate knowledge of sugar content for any beverage type. Participants relied heavily on packaging and labelling, much of which conveyed a health halo effect. While participants could list health effects of excess consumption, they were considered long-term or of low personal relevance. Awareness of health recommendations was low. CONCLUSIONS: Consumers' adoption and use of concepts such as "treat," "moderation" and "balance" reflect both food and beverage industry marketing and public health messaging. However, the disconnect between this language and knowledge and consumption practices is problematic. SO WHAT?: SSB consumption is very high with serious implications for health. Curbing consumption among young adults and parents has potential to change the health trajectories for current and future generations. There is a clear need to increase health literacy around SSB consumption. Simple consumption guidelines, clearer sugar content labelling and health warnings offer potential.

Fatores clínico-comportamentais associados ao excesso ponderal em adultos jovens estudantes / Clinical-behavioral factors associated with overweight in young adults students / Factores clínico-conductuales asociados al exceso ponderal en adultos jóvenes estudiantes

Objetivo: identificar os fatores clínico-comportamentais associados ao excesso ponderal (EP) em adultos jovens estudantes. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 560 adultos jovens de 26 escolas de uma capital do nordeste brasileiro. Após obtenção dos dados pela aplicação de questionários específicos, utilizou-se a regressão logística múltipla para identificação dos fatores associados ao EP. Resultados: o EP acometeu mais de um terço dos adultos jovens e, na análise bivariada, apresentou associação estatística significativa com as variáveis: peso na infância, peso na adolescência, história familiar de excesso ponderal, uso de fármacos obesogênicos e exposição ao álcool. No modelo final da regressão, permaneceram as variáveis: peso na adolescência, história familiar de EP e exposição ao álcool. Conclusão: a frequência de casos de EP é alta e o histórico de ganho de peso na adolescência, o histórico familiar de EP e a exposição ao álcool explicam o agravo em questão, ratificando a relação do EP com fatores genéticos e comportamentais

Objective: to identify clinical-behavioral factors associated with overweight in young adult students. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 560 young adults from 26 schools in a state capital in northeast Brazil. After obtaining the data by applying specific questionnaires, multiple logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with overweight. Results: overweight affected more than a third of the young adult students and, in bivariate analysis, showed statistically significant associations with the variables: weight in childhood, weight in adolescence, family history of overweight, use of obesogenic drugs and exposure to alcohol. The variables retained in the final regression model were: weight in adolescence, family history of overweight and alcohol exposure. Conclusion: frequency of overweight was high, and a history of weight gain in adolescence, family history of overweight and exposure to alcohol explained the problem in question, confirming the relationship of overweight with genetic and behavioral factors.

Objetivo: identificar los factores clínico-conductuales asociados al exceso ponderal (EP) en adultos jóvenes estudiantes. Método: estudio transversal, realizado junto a 560 adultos jóvenes de 26 escuelas de una capital del nordeste brasileño. Después de obtener los datos por la aplicación de cuestionarios específicos, se utilizó la regresión logística múltiple para identificación de los factores asociados al EP. Resultados: el EP afecta a más de un tercio de los adultos jóvenes y, en el análisis bivariado, presentó asociación estadística significativa con las variables: peso en la infancia, peso en la adolescencia, historia familiar de exceso ponderal, uso de fármacos obesogénicos y exposición al alcohol. En el modelo final de la regresión, permanecieron las variables: peso en la adolescencia y exposición al alcohol. Conclusión: la frecuencia de casos de EP es alta y la historia de aumento de peso en la adolescencia, el historial familiar de EP y la exposición al alcohol explican el agravio en cuestión, ratificando la relación del EP con factores genéticos y conductuales.

Estilos de uso e significados dos autorretratos no Instagram: Identidades narrativas de adultos jovens brasileiros / Styles of use and meanings of self-portraits on Instagram: Narratives identities of young Brazilian adults / Estilos de uso y significados de los autorretratos en el Instagram: Identidades narrativas de jóvenes adultos brasileños

O Brasil é o segundo país que mais acessa o Instagram e seu público mais conectado são os adultos jovens. Com foco na constituição de identidades narrativas e de uma perspectiva sistêmica, a presente pesquisa buscou identificar quantitativamente os estilos de uso e compreender qualitativamente os significados atribuídos por jovens adultos aos autorretratos postados no Instagram. Foi adotado o método misto sequencial explanatório. Primeiramente, foram contabilizadas e analisadas imagens postadas durante dez dias por 30 homens e 30 mulheres brasileiros, com idades entre 25 e 29 anos. Na fase seguinte, foram entrevistados seis colaboradores, três homens e três mulheres, selecionados a partir da quantidade de fotos postadas no período abordado. A análise estatística evidenciou que a categoria de imagens mais postada por homens e mulheres corresponde à dos autorretratos. A análise temática das entrevistas indicou que o Instagram oferece maior liberdade de exposição e que os participantes sofrem influência do olhar externo. Os significados atribuídos às postagens foram: privacidade, memória, beleza e felicidade. Identidades narrativas imagéticas se constituem e moldam as formas de expressão possíveis na rede, regidas pelos ideais de gênero, beleza e felicidade. A liberdade imaginada nas escolhas biográficas se vê tolhida por um olhar que vigia e curte.(AU)

Brazil is the second country that most accesses Instagram and its most connected public are the young adults. Focusing on the constitution of narrative identities and from a systemic perspective, the present research sought to quantitatively identify the styles of use and to understand, qualitatively, the meanings attributed by young adults to self - portraits posted on Instagram. The mixed sequential explanatory method was adopted. First, we analyzed the images posted for 10 days by 30 Brazilian men and 30 women, aged 25-29. In the next phase, six contributors, three men and three women were interviewed, selected from the number of photos posted in the covered period. Statistical analysis showed that the category of images most posted by men and women corresponds to the self-portraits. The thematic analysis of the interviews indicated that the Instagram offers greater freedom of exposure and that the participants are influenced by an outside view. The attributed meanings to the posts were: privacy, memory, beauty and happiness. Narrative identities are shaped in a way to constitute the possible forms of expression in the network, governed by ideals of gender, beauty and happiness. Eyes that watch and "like" hampers the freedom of the biographical choices.(AU)

Brasil es el segundo país que más accede al Instagram y su público más conectado son los adultos jóvenes. Mirando la constitución de identidades narrativas y de una perspectiva sistémica, la presente investigación buscó identificar cuantitativamente los estilos de uso y comprender, cualitativamente, los significados atribuidos por jóvenes adultos a los autorretratos publicados en el Instagram. Se adoptó el método mixto secuencial explicativo. En primer lugar se contabilizó y analizó imágenes publicadas durante diez días por 30 hombres y 30 mujeres brasileños, con edades entre 25 y 29 años. A continuación, se entrevistó tres hombres y tres mujeres, seleccionados a partir de la cantidad de fotos publicadas en el período. El análisis estadístico evidenció que la categoría de imágenes más publicada por hombres y mujeres corresponde a los autorretratos. El análisis temático de las entrevistas indicó que el Instagram ofrece mayor libertad de exposición y que los participantes sufren influencia de la mirada externa. Los significados atribuidos a las publicaciones fueron: privacidad, memoria, belleza y felicidad. Las identidades narrativas se constituyen y moldean las formas de expresión posibles en la red, regidas por los ideales de género, belleza y felicidad. La libertad imaginada en las elecciones biográficas se ve restringida por una mirada que vigila y "me gusta".(AU)

Emerging adulthood and parent-child communication: a validation study with perception scale of parenting communication

Emerging adulthood has been described in literature as a new phase of individual and family life cycle. This new stage (18-25 years old) is characterized by identity configuration, instability, self-focused and feeling in between of emerging adults. Notwithstanding the theoretical relevance of this topic, there is a research gap about parent-child communication in this stage, perhaps because of the lack of appropriate measures. The purpose of this study was to validate a scale originally developed to assess parent-adolescent communication (Perception Scale of Parenting Communication) to this new stage of life cycle. A cross-sectional and descriptive design was used to explore the perception of 217 emerging adults (68.2% females) about communication with their parents. A new version of Perception Scale of Parenting Communication was designed with 17 items distributed by four factors (parental confidence/sharing, children confidence/sharing, emotional support/affective expression, and negative communication patterns), according to confirmatory factor analysis. Results showed that Perception Scale of Parenting Communication is a valid and consistent measure (α= .934 mother version; α= .923 father version) to assess parent-emerging adult communication. This study provides important implication for research and practice such as the design of a new tool to assess family communication in emerging adulthood stage

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The Role of Current Family Relationships in Associations Between Childhood Abuse and Adult Psychological Functioning.

OBJECTIVES: Childhood abuse has long-term negative effects on adult psychological well-being. This study examined whether and how adults with a history of childhood abuse may experience poor psychological functioning partly due to aspects of current family relationships. METHOD: We estimated multilevel mediation models using 3 waves of longitudinal data from 3,487 participants in the study of Midlife Development in the United States. Outcomes measured included negative affect, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being. We included aspects of family relationships as mediators: perceived support, perceived strain, frequency of contact, and hours of providing instrumental and emotional support. RESULTS: Multilevel mediation models showed that childhood verbal and physical abuse negatively affected diverse aspects of family relationships in later adulthood (i.e., less perceived support, more perceived strain, less frequent contact, and fewer hours of providing instrumental support). We also found that less perceived support and more family strain significantly mediated the associations between childhood abuse and all 3 psychological functioning outcomes. DISCUSSION: Childhood abuse appears to hinder perceived availability of family support in adulthood, which may undermine the psychological functioning of adults with a history of childhood abuse. To improve their psychological health, interventions should focus on facilitating supportive and functional family relationships.