Do hydrogen peroxide mouthwashes have a virucidal effect? A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in saliva has alerted health professionals to the possibility of contamination by aerosols generated in a number of procedures. The indication of preoperative mouthwash containing 1% hydrogen peroxide for reducing the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva prior to oral procedures has been significantly disseminated through several citations and influenced various dental associations in the elaboration of dental care protocols during this pandemic period, including patients admitted to hospital wards and intensive care units. AIM: To Our aim was to perform a systematic review to answer the following question: does hydrogen peroxide mouthwash (at any concentration) have a virucidal effect? METHODS: The Cochrane, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched by using the following key-words: 'hydrogen peroxide', 'mouthwash', 'mouth rinse', 'rinse', 'oral rinse', 'mouth bath', 'mouth wash', and 'mouth washes'. Reviews, letters to the editor, personal opinions, book chapters, case reports, congress abstracts, studies with animals and studies on mouthwash containing other compounds other than hydrogen peroxide were excluded. FINDINGS: During the initial search 1342 articles were identified on the five electronic databases. After excluding some duplicates, 976 articles remained. Only studies assessing the virucidal effect of hydrogen peroxide mouthwash were selected, regardless of publication date. CONCLUSION: After reading titles and abstracts, no article met the eligibility criteria. In conclusion, there is no scientific evidence supporting the indication of hydrogen peroxide mouthwash for control of the viral load regarding SARS-CoV-2 or any other viruses in saliva.

The history and global market of oral home-care products.

This literature review reports the history and the current market of oral home-care products. It provides information extending from the products used by our ancestors to those currently available, as well as on the changes in the supply and consumption of these products. Although the scientific knowledge about oral diseases has improved greatly in recent years, our ancestors had already been concerned with cleaning their teeth. A variety of rudimentary products and devices were used since before recorded history, like chewing sticks, tree twigs, bird feathers, animal bones, tooth powder and home-made mouth rinses. Today, due to technological improvements of the cosmetic industry and market competition, home-use oral care products available in the marketplace offer a great variety of options. An increase in the consumption of oral care products has been observed in the last decades. Estimates show that Latin America observed a 12% increase in hygiene and beauty products sales between 2002 and 2003, whereas the observed global rate was approximately 2%. A significant increase in the per capita consumption of toothpaste, toothbrush, mouthrinse and dental floss has been estimated from 1992 to 2002, respectively at rates of 38.3%, 138.3%, 618.8% and 177.2%. Pertaining to this increased supply and consumption of oral care products, some related questions remain unanswered, like the occurrence of changes in disease behavior due to the use of new compounds, their actual efficacy and correct indications, and the extent of the benefits to oral health derived from consuming more products.

The history and global market of oral home-care products: [review]

This literature review reports the history and the current market of oral home-care products. It provides information extending from the products used by our ancestors to those currently available, as well as on the changes in the supply and consumption of these products. Although the scientific knowledge about oral diseases has improved greatly in recent years, our ancestors had already been concerned with cleaning their teeth. A variety of rudimentary products and devices were used since before recorded history, like chewing sticks, tree twigs, bird feathers, animal bones, tooth powder and home-made mouth rinses. Today, due to technological improvements of the cosmetic industry and market competition, home-use oral care products available in the marketplace offer a great variety of options. An increase in the consumption of oral care products has been observed in the last decades. Estimates show that Latin America observed a 12 percent increase in hygiene and beauty products sales between 2002 and 2003, whereas the observed global rate was approximately 2 percent. A significant increase in the per capita consumption of toothpaste, toothbrush, mouthrinse and dental floss has been estimated from 1992 to 2002, respectively at rates of 38.3 percent, 138.3 percent, 618.8 percent and 177.2 percent. Pertaining to this increased supply and consumption of oral care products, some related questions remain unanswered, like the occurrence of changes in disease behavior due to the use of new compounds, their actual efficacy and correct indications, and the extent of the benefits to oral health derived from consuming more products.

Efecto comparativo de nuevo colutorio-gel de clorhexidina en colutorios comerciales en el crecimiento de placa en 24 horas / Comparative effect again mouthrinses-gel of chlorhexidine with commercial mouthrinses in the growth of plaque in 24 hours

Introducción. Las soluciones de clorhexidina (CHX), estándares en prevención de formación de placa presentan algunos efectos indeseados como el dolor por alcohol. Objetivos. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la eficacia clínica de colutorio-gel acuoso de clorhexidina al 0,1% y compararla con colutorios al 0,12% y 0,1% con alcohol, evaluando el crecimiento de placa bacteriana. Materiales y métodos. En un estudio cruzado, doble ciego y randomizado, 25 alumnos de buena salud oral, participaron de cuatro estudios con abstención de limpieza oral por 24 horas, separados entre sí por 4 semanas. Los alumnos se enjuagaron por una vez con uno de los siguientes colutorios: CHX 0,12% + alcohol (Oralgene®), CHX 0,12% + alcohol (Perio.Aid®), CHX 0,1%+ alcohol (Dentilim®) y CHX 0,1% + HMC 2,5% (Colutoriogel®, acuoso nueva fórmula). Después de un día se midió formación de placa, se completó y registro el cuestionario de parámetros clínicos. Resultados. Las formulaciones de CHX 0,12% + alcohol y CHX 0,1% + HMC 2,5% se mostraron eficientes en retardar el crecimiento de placa dental de novo, esto obtenido de las mediciones clínicas, y siempre superior (p<0,05) a la formulación del colutorio de CHX 0,1%+ alcohol (Dentilim®). Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran el potencial clínico de este nuevo colutorio-gel sin alcohol de CHX 0,1% + HMC 2,5% (Colutoriogel®) como un efectivo agente antiplaca y con reducidas efectos secundarios registrados (AU)

The chlorhexidine solutions (CHX) standars in prevention of plaque formation present some undesired effects like the pain by alcohol. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical effectiveness of Colutoriogel® (new formulation) of chlorhexidine to the 0,1% and to compare with mouthrinses to the 0,12% and 0,1% with alcohol being evaluated growth of bacterial plaque. In double-blind, randomised, cross-over study, 25 young dental students with a healthy periodontium, abolished all means of mechanical plaque control during 4 experimental periods of 1 day (separated from each other by a washout period of 4 weeks). During each experimental period, they rinsed 1 daily with one of the following mouthrinses in a randomised order: CHX 0,12% + alcohol (Oralgene ®), CHX 0,12% + alcohol (Perio.Aid®), CHX 0,1%+ alcohol (Dentilim®) and CHX 0,1% + HMC 2,5% (Colutoriogel®). After 1 days of undisturbed plaque formation, clinical parameters were recorded and questionnaires completed. The CHX 0,12% + alcohol and the and CHX 0,1% + HMC 2,5% formulations were efficient in retarding de novo plaque formation (proven by clinical observations data), and always superior (p<0,05) to the CHX 0,1%+ alcohol (Dentilim®) solution. Conclusions. The results of this study demonstrated the potential of a new mouthrinses-gel Colutoriogel®) nonalcoholic formulation as an effective anti-plaque agent with reduced unpleasant subjective side-effects (AU)

Assessment and management of chemotherapy-induced mucositis in children.

Oral mucositis is one of the most common side effects of cancer treatment. The oral mucosa is comprised of membranes of a high mitotic index with rapid epithelial turnover and maturation rates. This causes the mucosa to be vulnerable to the adverse effects of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy alters the integrity of the mucosa, the microbial flora which normally inhabit the oral cavity, salivary quantity and composition, as well as the epithelial maturation. As a result, the child receiving chemotherapy may experience significant pain, dysphagia, alteration in nutritional status, and risk of infection. Severe mucositis can also delay therapy that may compromise the child's treatment and chance for cure. Not all chemotherapy-induced mucositis can be prevented. However, with proper management, the severity and duration of oral complications can be minimized.