Network meta-analysis of studies included in the Clinical Practice Guideline on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.

AIM: The recent ADA-commissioned Clinical Practice Guideline on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis has provided the most exhaustive library of clinical trials on scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjuncts. This network meta-analysis (NMA) compared the adjuncts against each other. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A star-shaped NMA was performed based on 36 indirect comparisons of clinical attachment-level (CAL) gains among nine adjuncts in 74 studies from the Clinical Practice Guideline. RESULTS: All pairwise differences were accompanied by wide confidence intervals, and none of the adjuncts were statistically significantly superior to another. Local doxycycline hyclate and photodynamic therapy with a diode laser had the highest probabilities for ranking first and second, respectively. Publication bias was evident, with fewer than expected studies with small effects. The lack of these studies inflated the treatment effects by an estimated by 20%. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuncts improve CAL gain by about a third of a mm over 6-12 months compared with SRP alone, but no significant differences were found among the adjuncts. The patient-perceived benefit of this gain is unclear because CAL is a physical measure made by the clinician and not a patient-oriented outcome. Publication bias inflated the observed treatment effects.

Evidence-based clinical practice guideline on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root planing with or without adjuncts.

BACKGROUND: A panel of experts convened by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs presents an evidence-based clinical practice guideline on nonsurgical treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjuncts. METHODS: The authors developed this clinical practice guideline according to the American Dental Association's evidence-based guideline development methodology. This guideline is founded on a systematic review of the evidence that included 72 research articles providing clinical attachment level data on trials of at least 6 months' duration and published in English through July 2014. The strength of each recommendation (strong, in favor, weak, expert opinion for, expert opinion against, and against) is based on an assessment of the level of certainty in the evidence for the treatment's benefit in combination with an assessment of the balance between the magnitude of the benefit and the potential for adverse effects. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: For patients with chronic periodontitis, SRP showed a moderate benefit, and the benefits were judged to outweigh potential adverse effects. The authors voted in favor of SRP as the initial nonsurgical treatment for chronic periodontitis. Although systemic subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline and systemic antimicrobials showed similar magnitudes of benefits as adjunctive therapies to SRP, they were recommended at different strengths (in favor for systemic subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline and weak for systemic antimicrobials) because of the higher potential for adverse effects with higher doses of antimicrobials. The strengths of 2 other recommendations are weak: chlorhexidine chips and photodynamic therapy with a diode laser. Recommendations for the other local antimicrobials (doxycycline hyclate gel and minocycline microspheres) were expert opinion for. Recommendations for the nonsurgical use of other lasers as SRP adjuncts were limited to expert opinion against because there was uncertainty regarding their clinical benefits and benefit-to-adverse effects balance. Note that expert opinion for does not imply endorsement but instead signifies that evidence is lacking and the level of certainty in the evidence is low.

[Clinical, biochemical and histopatological correlación in diabetic patiens with periodontal disease]. / Correlación clinica, bioquímica e histopatólogica en pacientes periodontales diabéticos.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this paper was to study the clinical, biochemical and histopathological correlation caused by scaling and root planning in diabetic patients with periodontal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 80 patients, both males and females, (age 25-60 years). Fourty patients had type 1 and type 2 diabetes, while 40 were non-diabetic patients. According to the medical examination, the subjects including in the study were well-compensated. After studying the periodontal field, patients with real pockets measuring 5 mm or less were selected. LABORATORY CRITERIA: The subjects were considered to be diabetic when their basal glycemia was equal to or above 140 mg/dl, and the HbA1C equal to or above 8%. Patients whose glycemia was below 115 mg/dl, and their HbA1C below 8% were considered to be non-diabetic. Free and inserted biopsies of the gingiva were done after the administration of 2 g of amoxicilin. Scaling and planing of all the teeth was carried out and periodontal protection was placed. Supervised dental sessions were held weekly. Clinical and biochemical criteria for selection were used again at 40 days and at 120 days. Biopsies were done and analyzed microscopically. RESULTS: At 40 days and mainly at 120 days it was found that in 90% of the selected patients glycemia values had decreased. In 70% of the cases studied HbA1C values were stable and the clinical signs of the periodontal disease were reversed in 80% of the subjects. Histological analysis at time 0 revelead mononuclear infiltrate, congestion and proliferation of the middle layer of the vessels when compared with non-diabetic values with deposits of PAS + material. At 40 days and at 120 days there was also a decreased of infiltrate and of the deposits PAS + on the wall of the small vessels. CONCLUSION: Scaling and planning is proposed as an effective method to reverse glycemic values, HbA1C, gingival microangiopathies and clinical signs in diabetic patients with periodontal disease.

Correlación clínica, bioquímica e histopatológica en pacientes periodontales diabéticos / Clinical, biochemical and histopatological correlación in diabetic patients with periodontal disease

Introducción - El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la correlación clínica, histológica y Bioquímica por efecto del raspaje y alisado radicular en pacientes diabéticos con enfermedad periodontal. Materiales y Métodos.- Se seleccionó una población total de 80 pacientes de ambos sexos (edad 25-60 años), 40 diabéticos 1 y 2, Y 40 no diabéticos. Se eligieron los s~etos compensados, según examen médico. Se examinó el terreno periodontal, seleccionándose pacientes con bolsas reales iguales o menores a 5 mm. Criterio de laboratorio: se consideraron diabéticos sujetos con glucemia igualo mayor a 140 mg.'dl, y HbAIC igual o mayor a 8 %. No diabéticos, los de glucemias inferiores a 115 mg.'dl, y HbAIC menor a 8 %. Previa administración de 2 g. de amoxicilina, se tomaron biopsias de encía libre e insertada a todos los pacientes,. Se realizó raspaje y alisado de todos los elementos dentarios, y se colocó protector periodontal. Se realizaron sesiones de higiene supervisada semanalmente. A los 40 Y 120 días se aplicaron nuevamente los criterios de selección clínicos y bioquímicos. Se tomaron biopsias, las que fueron analizadas microscópicamente. Se aplicaron las coloraciones HjE, PAS, y Tricrómico de Masson. Resultados.- Al tiempo 40, y principalmente 120 se encontró que en el 90 % de los pacientes seleccionados disminuyeron los valores de glucemia. En un 70 % de los casos estudiados se estabilizaron los valores de HbAIC, y se revirtieron los signos clínicos de enfermedad periodontal en un 80 % de los pacientes. El análisis histológico al tiempo demostró infiltrado mononuclear, congestión y proliferación de la capa media de los vasos, cuando se comparó con los controles no diabéticos. Al tiempo 40 y al 120, disminución del infiltrado y de los depósitos sensibles a Pas en las paredes de los pequeños vasos. Conclusión.- Se propone que el raspaje y alisado es un método eficaz para revertir los valores de glucemia, HbA 1 C, las microangiopatías gingivales y los signos clínicos en pacientes periodontales diabéticos.

Introduction - The aim of this paper was to study the clinical, biochemical and histopathological correlation caused by scaling and root planning in diabetic patients with periodonta1 disease. Material and Methods.- The study was conducted on 80 patients, both males and females, (age 25-60 years). Fourty patients had type 1 and type 2 diabetes, while 40 were non-diabetic patients. According to the medical examination, the subjects including in the study were well compensated. After studying the periodontal field, patients with real pockets measuring 5 mm or less were selected. Laboratory Criteria.- The subjects were considered to be diabetic when their basal…

Correlación clínica, bioquímica e histopatológica en pacientes periodontales diabéticos / Clinical, biochemical and histopatological correlación in diabetic patients with periodontal disease

Introducción - El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la correlación clínica, histológica y Bioquímica por efecto del raspaje y alisado radicular en pacientes diabéticos con enfermedad periodontal. Materiales y Métodos.- Se seleccionó una población total de 80 pacientes de ambos sexos (edad 25-60 años), 40 diabéticos 1 y 2, Y 40 no diabéticos. Se eligieron los s~etos compensados, según examen médico. Se examinó el terreno periodontal, seleccionándose pacientes con bolsas reales iguales o menores a 5 mm. Criterio de laboratorio: se consideraron diabéticos sujetos con glucemia igualo mayor a 140 mg.dl, y HbAIC igual o mayor a 8 %. No diabéticos, los de glucemias inferiores a 115 mg.dl, y HbAIC menor a 8 %. Previa administración de 2 g. de amoxicilina, se tomaron biopsias de encía libre e insertada a todos los pacientes,. Se realizó raspaje y alisado de todos los elementos dentarios, y se colocó protector periodontal. Se realizaron sesiones de higiene supervisada semanalmente. A los 40 Y 120 días se aplicaron nuevamente los criterios de selección clínicos y bioquímicos. Se tomaron biopsias, las que fueron analizadas microscópicamente. Se aplicaron las coloraciones HjE, PAS, y Tricrómico de Masson. Resultados.- Al tiempo 40, y principalmente 120 se encontró que en el 90 % de los pacientes seleccionados disminuyeron los valores de glucemia. En un 70 % de los casos estudiados se estabilizaron los valores de HbAIC, y se revirtieron los signos clínicos de enfermedad periodontal en un 80 % de los pacientes. El análisis histológico al tiempo demostró infiltrado mononuclear, congestión y proliferación de la capa media de los vasos, cuando se comparó con los controles no diabéticos. Al tiempo 40 y al 120, disminución del infiltrado y de los depósitos sensibles a Pas en las paredes de los pequeños vasos. Conclusión.- Se propone que el raspaje y alisado es un método eficaz para revertir los valores de glucemia, HbA 1 C, las microangiopatías gingivales y los signos clínicos en pacientes periodontales diabéticos.(AU)

Introduction - The aim of this paper was to study the clinical, biochemical and histopathological correlation caused by scaling and root planning in diabetic patients with periodonta1 disease. Material and Methods.- The study was conducted on 80 patients, both males and females, (age 25-60 years). Fourty patients had type 1 and type 2 diabetes, while 40 were non-diabetic patients. According to the medical examination, the subjects including in the study were well compensated. After studying the periodontal field, patients with real pockets measuring 5 mm or less were selected. Laboratory Criteria.- The subjects were considered to be diabetic when their basalO(AU)

Human suprabony healing responses following root demineralization and coronal flap anchorage. Histologic responses in 7 sites.

6 suprabony pockets in 2 adult patients were treated with debridement and citric acid root demineralization. Following these procedures, coronal positioning of the marginal flaps was performed at 2 sites. At 4 sites, the marginal flaps were sutured coronally using orthodontic brackets as anchors. At 1 additional site, root debridement only was performed and the margin was placed at about crestal level. Prior to root planing, all roots were notched both at the level of the gingival margin and the most apically positioned calculus. Blocks were harvested 7 and 18 weeks postsurgery and prepared for histologic analysis. Clinical results showed a gain in probing attachment in both coronally positioned sites (average = 1.8 mm) and coronally anchored sites (average = 4.5 mm). The additional debrided-only site showed a gain in probing attachment of 0.1 mm. Histologically, new cementum with functionally inserted fibers was seen within the calculus notch in all coronally anchored sites. This new attachment was associated with crestal osteogenesis. In the 2 coronally positioned and root demineralized sites, new attachment was seen within the calculus notch in 1 out of the 2 specimens evaluated. Within the limits of the evidence presented, coronal anchorage of flaps enhanced probing attachment and new attachment when used in conjunction with root demineralization.