RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study is to present an historical overview of the innovations in ocular surgery introduced by the very important surgeon, but mainly unknown, Philip Henry Mules (1843-1905). METHODS: Philip Henry Mules introduced the Mules' evisceration operation and the Mules' ptosis operation. He also invented surgical instruments such as Mules' scoop, Mules' repository, and Mules' enucleation scissors. He was interested also in ocular infection. RESULTS: Many of the innovations in ocular surgery introduced by Philip Henry Mules are still in use. CONCLUSIONS: Philip Henry Mules (1843-1905) was a respectable English ophthalmologist, who despite his short life, only 62-years-old, his innovations in ocular surgery were considered a breakthrough in the late nineteenth century, because in almost every textbook of ophthalmology they were cited and deserved a great merit.
Assuntos
Blefaroptose/história , Evisceração do Olho/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Oftalmológicos/história , Oftalmologia/história , Instrumentos Cirúrgicos/história , Blefaroptose/cirurgia , Inglaterra , História do Século XIX , História do Século XXRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , História do Século XX , Oftalmopatia de Graves/história , Exoftalmia/história , Blefaroptose/história , Oftalmologia/história , Tuberculose Pulmonar/complicações , Tuberculose Pulmonar/históriaAssuntos
Oftalmopatias/história , Medicina nas Artes , Pinturas/história , Retratos como Assunto/história , Blefaroptose/diagnóstico , Blefaroptose/história , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enoftalmia/diagnóstico , Enoftalmia/história , História do Século XVI , Humanos , Midríase/diagnóstico , Midríase/história , Fraturas Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Fraturas Orbitárias/história , Reflexo Pupilar , EspanhaAssuntos
Blefaroptose/história , Educação Médica/história , Cardiopatias Congênitas/história , Anormalidades Maxilomandibulares/história , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/história , Oftalmologia/história , Ensino/história , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Reflexo Anormal , EscóciaRESUMO
The invention of realistic portraiture to reveal "inner life" is attributed by some art historians to Jan van Eyck who worked in Flanders from 1420 onwards. We show, using clinical neurological examination of the gold mask of Agamemnon dating from 1550-1500 BC and of the portraits of Henry III and his son Edward I -- important English royals -- painted between 1216 and 1307, that realistic portraits were made well before the 15th Century. Thus artists unwittingly used neurology as part of their realistic approach to the presentation of the face. Because neurological diagnosis is often visual, neurology, in turn, has a rich potential to unveil examples of realism in art. We consider the art pieces examined here also pertinent to art historians, as they assess the role of art in documenting history.
Assuntos
Blefaroptose/história , Paralisia Facial/história , Medicina nas Artes , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/história , Retratos como Assunto/história , História do Século XV , História do Século XVI , História do Século XIX , História Antiga , História Medieval , HumanosRESUMO
During the past two centuries, several methods of ptosis repair have been described and refined, but each method has typically been subject to cycles of popularity, neglect and reincarnation. Repair of ptosis through partial resection of the tarsus is one such example. Although Sir William Bowman included tarsectomy with his historic levator resections, the French ophthalmologist, A.P.L. Gillet de Grandmont was the first to specifically emphasize resection of tarsus for the correction of ptosis. Yet contemporary advocates of tarsectomy for ptosis repair have generally failed to recognize Gillet de Grandmont's contribution and his role in the history of ptosis surgery. For this reason, a review of this subject is presented.
