RESUMO
: Background: Cellulite is a condition in which the skin has a dimpled lumpy appearance. The main causes of cellulite development, studied until now, comprehends modified sensitivity to estrogens, the damage of microvasculature present among dermis and hypodermis. The differences of adipose tissue architecture between male and female might make female more susceptible to cellulite. Adipose tissue is seen to be deeply modified during cellulite development. Our study tried to understand the overall features within and surrounding cellulite to apply the best therapeutic approach. METHODS: Samples of gluteal femoral area were collected from cadavers and women who had undergone surgical treatment to remove orange peel characteristics on the skin. Samples from cadavers were employed for an accurate study of cellulite using magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla and for light microscopy. Specimens from patients were employed for the proteomic analysis, which was performed using high resolution mass spectroscopy (MS). Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was obtained from the samples, which was studied using MS and flow cytometry. RESULTS: light and electron microscopy of the cellulite affected area showed a morphology completely different from the other usual adipose depots. In cellulite affected tissues, sweat glands associated with adipocytes were found. In particular, there were vesicles in the extracellular matrix, indicating a crosstalk between the two different components. Proteomic analysis showed that adipose tissue affected by cellulite is characterized by high degree of oxidative stress and by remodeling phenomena. CONCLUSIONS: The novel aspects of this study are the peculiar morphology of adipose tissue affected by cellulite, which could influence the surgical procedures finalized to the reduction of dimpling, based on the collagen fibers cutting. The second novel aspect is the role played by the mesenchymal stem cells isolated from stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue affected by cellulite.
Assuntos
Celulite , Derme , Espectrometria de Massas , Proteômica , Gordura Subcutânea , Adulto , Celulite/metabolismo , Celulite/patologia , Derme/metabolismo , Derme/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gordura Subcutânea/metabolismo , Gordura Subcutânea/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Cellulite constitutes a major aesthetic concern affecting the majority of post-adolescent women. Current epidemiological evidence supports that the prevalence of cellulite is significantly higher in industrialized societies indicating that environmental factors have crucial role in its pathogenesis and perpetuation. Endocrine disrupting chemicals, which exist ubiquitously in the environment, are able to alter hormonal and homeostatic systems. Several of them exert agonist effects by binding to estrogen receptors and mimicking the biological activity of estrogens. Since elevated estrogen concentration is prerequisite for cellulite, the present article suggests that endocrine disrupting chemicals may be key determinants in the initiation and deterioration of cellulite either by stimulating estrogen receptors or increasing their circulating levels due to interference with enzymes and binding proteins.
Assuntos
Celulite/metabolismo , Disruptores Endócrinos/química , Exposição Ambiental , Hormônios/metabolismo , Compostos Benzidrílicos/química , Estrogênios/química , Homeostase , Humanos , Inflamação , Modelos Teóricos , Fenóis/química , Ácidos Ftálicos/química , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Compostos de Trialquitina/química , Raios UltravioletaRESUMO
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