[A case of thymic cyst with thymic hyperplasia].

A 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for treatment of an anterior mediastinal tumor. Although he was asymptomatic, an abnormal shadow was visible on chest radiography. CT revealed a heterogeneous tumor located in the anterior mediastinum. On MRI, the tumor demonstrated low signal intensity in T1-weighted images and high signal intensity in T2-weighted images. Laboratory data, including tumor markers, were mostly within the reference ranges. Although a CT-guided needle biopsy was performed, histologic diagnosis could not be confirmed. We resected the tumor with the thymus by median sternotomy. Histopathological examination demonstrated that the tumor was a multilocular thymic cyst with thymic hyperplasia and numerous lymphocytes. The lining epithelial cells gave positive reactions to immunohistochemical staining for carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Carcinoembryonic antigen and squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels in the cystic fluid were elevated. This case appeared to be an acquired thymic cyst with thymic hyperplasia. There are few reports of such cysts.

Cystic lesions of the pericardium. Review of the literature and classification.

Pericardial cystic lesions (PCLs) occur infrequently but are significant for their varying clinical presentation and pathological multitude. A review of the literature (including Medline and Current Contents database searches, and search of existing bibliographies) finds confusion in nomenclature and an absence of appropriate classification. A new classification system is proposed based on exo- or endophytic growth, presence of adhesions, and compression of myocardium or great vessels. A multitude of pathological entities with diverse pathogenesis, disease courses, and prognoses may present as PCLs. Detailed knowledge of lesion types and alternatives among diagnostic and therapeutic options permits a selective approach to patient management. The usefulness of a unified classification system should be evaluated in a substantial patient population, with detailed statistical analysis.

[A variety of mediastinal bronchogenic cyst: the broncho-alveolar cyst]. / Varietà di cisti broncogena del mediastino: cisti bronco-alveolare.

Congenital bronchogenic cysts are usually located in the mediastinum or develop as intrapulmonary cysts. Gross examination of excised bronchogenic cysts shows them to be unilocular; histologically, these lesions are characterized by the presence of respiratory-type pseudostratified epithelium as well as small islands of cartilage and seromucinous glands. We report a case of a mediastinal bronchogenic cyst having pulmonary parenchyma within the cyst wall. The rarity of our case, the pathological and clinical features and the embryological development of bronchogenic cysts are briefly discussed.

Tumores del mediastino anterior / Anterior mediastinum tumors

Se presenta la experiencia entre 1975-1991 en tumores de mediastino anterior. Se observaron 121 tumores mediastinales, 70 correspondieron al mediastino antero supero inferior, de los cuales 49 se ubicaron en el llamado mediastino anterior propuesto en este trabajo. La tomografía computada, aplicada sistemáticamente a partir de 1980, ha dividido a este grupo en dos series. En la primera se estudió a los pacientes con procedimientos invasivos. Se operaba para diagnóstico y tratamiento. Al no clasificar de la misma manera los compartimientos mediastinales, es difícil comparar y clasificar las patogenias motivo de esta presentación. Se acepta la clasificación de José Luis Martínez en nuestro país, pero no todos los autores clasifican de la misma manera. La clasificación histológica más usada es la de Rosai y Levine. Los timomas y los linfomas parecen ser, de todas las series los tumores más frecuentes. Sobre 70 tumores del mediastino anterior, 31 eran timomas. Es necesario definir los compartimientos mediastinales con un mismo criterio clínico-radiológico y determinar protocolos de estudio que generen pautas terapéuticas comparables

Tumores del mediastino anterior / Anterior mediastinum tumors

Se presenta la experiencia entre 1975-1991 en tumores de mediastino anterior. Se observaron 121 tumores mediastinales, 70 correspondieron al mediastino antero supero inferior, de los cuales 49 se ubicaron en el llamado mediastino anterior propuesto en este trabajo. La tomografía computada, aplicada sistemáticamente a partir de 1980, ha dividido a este grupo en dos series. En la primera se estudió a los pacientes con procedimientos invasivos. Se operaba para diagnóstico y tratamiento. Al no clasificar de la misma manera los compartimientos mediastinales, es difícil comparar y clasificar las patogenias motivo de esta presentación. Se acepta la clasificación de José Luis Martínez en nuestro país, pero no todos los autores clasifican de la misma manera. La clasificación histológica más usada es la de Rosai y Levine. Los timomas y los linfomas parecen ser, de todas las series los tumores más frecuentes. Sobre 70 tumores del mediastino anterior, 31 eran timomas. Es necesario definir los compartimientos mediastinales con un mismo criterio clínico-radiológico y determinar protocolos de estudio que generen pautas terapéuticas comparables (AU)

Cervical thymic cyst: case report and review of literature.

An unusual case of a cervical thymic cyst in a 4-year-old boy is presented. The embryology, histopathology, and clinical presentation is discussed. This entity should be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic neck masses in the pediatric age group.

[Mediastinal cysts]. / Kisty sredosteniia.

In the department of thoracic surgery of the Kostroma Region Hospital from 1967 to 1980 thirty one patient were operated upon for mediastinal cyst. Most of the patients did not have any complaints at the admission, clinical symptoms of the others having not characteristic picture. The mediastinal cysts should be treated only surgically. Results of operations were good.