Clinicopathologic features of nasopalatine duct cysts: A retrospective study in two Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology referral centers.

BACKGROUND: Nasopalatine duct cyst (NDC) is the most common non-odontogenic cyst in the oral cavity. Clinically it is not difficult to suspect these lesions based on clinical and radiographic appearance. However, the histopathological diagnosis may be difficult due to the broad morphological diversity of these lesions. The objective was to analyze the clinicopathological features of NDCs diagnosed in two oral and maxillofacial pathology services in the Brazilian northeast. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective clinicopathologic study was performed. A total of 18,121 clinical records of oral lesions from two oral and maxillofacial pathology services in Brazil were analyzed (2000-2020). All NDCs cases were revised and demographic, clinical, radiographic, and histopathological data were collected. RESULTS: Among 18,121 diagnoses in the oral pathology services, 45 (0.2%) were NDCs. The series comprises 24 males (53.3%) and 21 females (46.7%), with a mean age of 43.2 years-old. Most lesions were asymptomatic (n = 27, 60%) with an mean size of 2.1 cm. Microscopically, the non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium was the most common (66.7%). However, in 88.9% of cases, the epithelial lining was varied and composed of two or more types of epithelium. There was no significant association between the type of epithelium and the size of the cysts (p = 0.389). Nerve, blood vessels, hemorrhage, and chronic inflammatory infiltrate were commonly observed. In contrast, there was a low frequency of mucous glands, sebaceous glands, cholesterol clefts, and multinucleated giant cells. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical, radiographic, and microscopic findings observed in this study are similar to those reported in the literature. Due to the morphological diversity of NDC, it is needed to correlate its histopathological features with the clinical and radiographic findings to establish a correct diagnosis.

A retrospective analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathology in a pediatric population from Rio de Janeiro-Brazil over a 75-year period

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of oral and maxillofacial lesions affecting children and adolescents patients from a single oral pathology laboratory from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Oral and maxillofacial lesions biopsied in patients younger than 19-years were retrieved from the oral pathology files of the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro over a 75-year period (1942-2017). The clinical data and the diagnoses of each case were included in a Microsoft Excel(R) database, being classified into 13 categories according to the etiology. A descriptive analysis of the variables age, gender and final diagnosis was made. RESULTS: From 19.095 lesions diagnosed in this period, 2408 (12.61%) were from patients aged 0 to19 years, with a higher incidence in females in the second decade. Salivary gland pathology was the most common group of lesions (24.30%), followed by reactive lesions (16.82%) and odontogenic cysts (14.66%). Mucocele was the most common lesion (21.72%), followed by dentigerous cyst (6.48%) and fibrous hyperplasia (6.44%). Malignant lesions were observed in 1.12% of all cases with Burkitt lymphoma as the most frequent. CONCLUSIONS: Our results were similar to previous studies and knowledge of these data may contribute to the understanding of oral lesions that most commonly affects children

A retrospective multicentre study of cystic lesions and odontogenic tumours in older people.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and some characteristics of odontogenic tumours, odontogenic cysts and non-odontogenic cysts in an elderly population (≥60 years). BACKGROUND: Few studies describe the distribution of oral lesions in older people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of four Brazilian referral centres between 2000 and 2016. Data such as gender, age, anatomical location, symptomatology and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorised. Statistical analyses were performed adopting a P-value of ≤.05 and a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: A total of 7259 biopsy records of elderly participants were analysed; 642 cases were cystic lesions and odontogenic tumours, 491 of which being classified as odontogenic cysts (76.5%), 75 as odontogenic tumours (11.7%) and 76 as non-odontogenic cysts (11.8%). The most frequent lesions in each group were radicular cyst (n = 268), ameloblastoma (n = 51) and salivary duct cyst (n = 21), respectively. Overall, women were more affected (n = 351, mean age: 68 years). Intraosseous lesions were more common in the mandible (n = 342), and soft tissue cysts occurred more in the lip (n = 13). CONCLUSION: Odontogenic cysts were relatively common, whereas odontogenic tumours and non-odontogenic cysts were rarer among the older people studied in the present investigation.

Epidemiologic study of odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts in children and adolescents of a Brazilian population

Background: the objective of this study was to describe the frequency of cystic lesions in a Brazilian population of patients histopathologically diagnosed in the first and second decade of life. Material and Methods: Retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1980 and 2016. Results: A total of 2.114 biopsy records of pediatric patients were analyzed with oral and maxillofacial lesions. Data such as gender, age, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorized. Among all oral and maxillofacial lesions (n=2.114), were diagnosed 294 cases of odontogenic cysts (13.9%) and 16 cases of non-odontogenic cysts (0.8%). The most frequent lesions in each group were, respectively: radicular cyst (n=145) and epidermoid cyst (n=4). These lesions were most common in female (n=158), with a mean age of 14 years. For intraosseous lesions, the mandible (n=148) was the most affected anatomic site; moreover, the floor of the mouth (n=6) was most affected by cysts in soft tissues. Conclusions: Odontogenic cysts were relatively common in population studied, but non-odontogenic cysts were rare in these patients (AU)

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Epidemiologic study of odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts in children and adolescents of a Brazilian population.

BACKGROUND: the objective of this study was to describe the frequency of cystic lesions in a Brazilian population of patients histopathologically diagnosed in the first and second decade of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1980 and 2016. RESULTS: A total of 2.114 biopsy records of pediatric patients were analyzed with oral and maxillofacial lesions. Data such as gender, age, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorized. Among all oral and maxillofacial lesions (n=2.114), were diagnosed 294 cases of odontogenic cysts (13.9%) and 16 cases of non-odontogenic cysts (0.8%). The most frequent lesions in each group were, respectively: radicular cyst (n=145) and epidermoid cyst (n=4). These lesions were most common in female (n=158), with a mean age of 14 years. For intraosseous lesions, the mandible (n=148) was the most affected anatomic site; moreover, the floor of the mouth (n=6) was most affected by cysts in soft tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Odontogenic cysts were relatively common in population studied, but non-odontogenic cysts were rare in these patients.

Odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts: An analysis of 526 cases in Turkey.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the age, gender, and sites of different types of odontogenic cysts (OCs) and non-OCs (nOCs) (seen in eastern Anatolian population in Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The following data were collected from the clinical records and histopathology reports of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the Department of Oral Pathology, Ataturk University, Turkey, during a period of 10 years. They were analyzed descriptively in terms of incidence, age, sex, cyst type, and site. RESULTS: A total of 526 cysts were diagnosed during a 10-year period. Of these, 330 (62.7%) were in males, and 196 (37.3%) were in females, the male:female ratio was 1.7:1. There were 509 (96.8%) OCs and 17 (3.2%) nOCs. There were 406 (77.2%) inflammatory OCs and 103 (19.6%) developmental OCs. Radicular cysts were the most frequent (66.4%), followed by dentigerous (19.2%) and residual (10.8%) cysts. Only nasopalatine duct cyst was found as nOC in this study (3.2%). CONCLUSION: The distribution of jaw cysts in the Turkish Eastern Anatolian population is relatively similar to that of other populations reported in previous studies in the literature, in which most OCs were of inflammatory origin. However, the relative rates of cysts were higher than those reported in other studies.

Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the oral cavity and jaws: An analysis of 709 cases.

PURPOSE: The purpose was to examine the prevalence, gender, age and site(s) of odontogenic and nonodontogenic benign tumors, and tumor-like lesions occurring in the oral cavity and jaws in a Turkish population, particularly, in the Eastern Turkey, and to compare findings of this study with other reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data were collected from the files of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the Department of Oral Pathology, Ataturk University, Turkey, during a 10-year period from January 2005 to January 2015. They were analyzed descriptively regarding prevalence, age, sex, lesion type, and site. RESULTS: A total of 709 benign tumor and tumor-like lesions of the oral cavity, and jaws were selected during a period of 10 years. One hundred and twenty-one of these lesions (17%) were odontogenic benign tumors while 588 (83%) were nonodontogenic benign tumor and tumor-like lesions. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the distribution and characteristics of benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of oral cavity and jaws in the Turkish population, particularly including the Eastern region of Turkey have some differences as well as similarities with the findings of studies in different populations.

Cistos odontogênicos e não odontogênicos diagnosticados no laboratório de patologia oral da UFRJ em um período de 30 anos / Odontogenic and non-odontogenc cysts diagnosed in oral pathology laboratory of UFRJ in a period of 30 years

Os cistos odontogênicos e não-odontogênicos são observados somente nos ossos gnáticos e casuísticas de diferentes regiões têm sido publicadas na literatura de língua inglesa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a frequência dos cistos odontogênicos e não-odontogênicos diagnosticados no Laboratório de Patologia Oral da UFRJ entre os anos de 1984 até 2015. Essas lesões foram obtidas após revisão dos arquivos da instituição. As características avaliadas foram: (1) tipo de cisto diagnosticado, (2) idade do paciente, (3) gênero do paciente e (4) localização da lesão. Os resultados da frequência de cada tipo de cisto e suas características clínicas foram apresentados de maneira descritiva considerando pacientes de todas as idades, pacientes adultos (maiores que 17 anos) e pacientes jovens (menores que 17 anos). Como resultado, 1141 cistos foram diagnosticados neste período, sendo 1026 (90%) odontogênicos e 105 (10%) nãoodontogênicos. Os cistos odontogênicos mais frequentes foram o cisto radicular (449 casos, 39,3%), cisto dentígero (195 casos, 17%) e o queratocisto odontogênico (147 casos, 12,8%). Os cistos não-odontogênicos mais frequentes foram o cisto do ducto nasopalatino (32 casos, 2,8%), cisto epidermóide (25 casos, 2,1%) e cisto de retenção de muco (17 casos, 1,4%). Os cistos odontogênicos e não-odontogênicos diagnosticas no laboratório de Patologia Oral da UFRJ parecem mostrar um perfil clinicopatológico semelhante ao encontrado em outros estudos do mundo, com poucas variações em relação à idade, gênero e localização preferencial. (AU)

Odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts are observed only in the gnathic and casuistic bones of different regions have been published in the English-language literature. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts diagnosed in the Oral Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro between 1984 and 2015. These lesions were obtained after reviewing the institution's files. The evaluated features were (1) type of microscopically diagnosed cyst, (2) age, (3) gender, and (4) location of the cyst. The frequency of each type of cyst and its clinical features were descriptivelly presented considering patients of all ages, younger than 17 years, and older than 17 years. One thousand one hundred and forty one cysts were diagnosed in this period, 1026 (90%) of them were odontogenic and 105 (10%) were non-odontogenic. The most frequent odontogenic cysts were radicular cyst (449 cases, 39,3%), dentigerous cyst (195 cases, 17%), and odontogenic keratocyst (147 cases, 12,8%). The most frequent non-odontogenic cyst were the nasopalatine duct cyst (32 cases, 2,8%), epidermoid cyst (25 casos, 2,1%) e mucus retention cyst (17 cases, 1,4%). The odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts diagnosed in the Oral Pathology Laboratory of the UFRJ seem to show a clinicopathological profile similar to that found in other studies in the world, with few variations in relation to age, gender and preferential location. (AU)

Análise retrospectiva das lesões do complexo oral e maxilofacial do Serviço de Cirurgia oral do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho: um estudo retrospectivo de 24 anos / Retrospective analysis of injuries of the oral complex and maxilofacial in Oral Surgery Service of the Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho: a study retrospective of 24 years

Os estudos epidemiológicos podem auxiliar na identificação da prevalência das lesões em uma determinada população, assim como na coleta de dados relativos a localização, idade, gênero e saúde geral do paciente, bem como hábitos nocivos existentes, e possíveis fatores etiológicos associados. Na literatura, os estudos epidemiológicos das doenças de boca exibem, em sua maioria, uma alta prevalência de lesões benignas de mucosa, principalmente do tipo hiperplásicas, assim como mucoceles, e alterações inflamatórias periapicais. No entanto, a real prevalência das lesões pode variar de acordo com a idade dos pacientes e da origem dos casos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a prevalência e as características sócio- demográficas de lesões orais dos pacientes encaminhados para tratamento cirúrgico no serviço de Cirurgia Oral do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF), da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. O período de estudo compreendeu de 1989 a 2013, perfazendo 24 anos As lesões diagnosticadas foram classificadas de acordo com a sua natureza. Os dados coletados foram analisados levando-se em conta os valores absolutos e percentuais. Dos 328 casos da amostra, 159 (48,5%) eram pacientes do sexo feminino e 169 (51,5%) pacientes do sexo masculino, e a média de idade geral foi de 34,26 anos. Os cistos e tumores odontogênicos de desenvolvimento ocorreram mais comumente com 154 casos, representando 47,0%. As doenças da polpa e do periápice e as lesões intra-ósseas não odontogênicas foram responsáveis por 18,9% e 10,7% das lesões, respectivamente. Dezenove casos (5,7%) eram lesões hiperplásicas; 16 (4,9%) eram lesões de glândulas salivares; 13 (4%) eram lesões malignas; e 13 (4,0%) eram cistos não- odontogênicos. Dez casos (3,0%) eram de lesões com diagnóstico inconclusivo, e as neoplasias benignas foram as menos comumente diagnosticadas, com apenas 6 casos (1,8%). Levando-se em consideração as lesões de maior prevalência, o cisto radicular foi a patologia mais comumente encontrada representando 16,8% da amostra, seguido do cisto dentígero (15,3%), do ameloblastoma (10,7%), do tumor odontogênico ceratocístico (9,5%) e dos odontomas (5,5%). (AU)

Epidemiological studies can assist in identifying the prevalence of oral lesions in a given population. Other information that can be collected is data on affected sites, patient´s age and gender and overall health, the presence of hazardous habits and associated etiological factors. In the literature, epidemiological studies of oral diseases nearly always exhibit a high prevalence of mucosal benign hyperplastic lesions, as well as mucoceles and periapical inflammatory lesions. However, the actual prevalence of lesions may depend on patient´s age range and in the origin of the cases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of odontogenic and non- odontogenic lesions of patients referred for surgical treatment at the Oral Surgery Service of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital (HUCFF), of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The study period totalized 24 years, from 1989 to 2013. The lesions were classified according to their nature. The collected data was analyzed taking into account the absolute values and percentages. Of the 328 sample cases, 159 (48.5%) were female patients and 169 (51.5%) male patients, and the average age was of 34.26 years. Dvelopment Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors occurred more commonly with 154 cases, representing 47.0% of the study group. Pulpal and periapical diseases and non-odontogenic bone lesions accounted for 18.9% and 10.7% cases, respectively. Nineteen cases (5.7%) were hyperplastic lesions; 16 (4.9%) were salivary glands lesions; 13 (4%) were malignant neoplasms; and 13 (4.0%) were nonOdontogenic cysts. Ten cases (3.0%) were represented by lesions with inconclusive diagnosis. Benign neoplasms were the least commonly diagnosed cases, with only 6 tumors (1.8%). Taking into consideration the lesions of higher prevalence, the periapical cyst was the most commonly found oral disease representing 16.8% of the sample, followed by the dentigerous cyst (15.3%), the ameloblastoma (10.7%), the keratocystic odontogenic tumor (9.5%) and the odontomas (5.5%). (AU)

Demographic profile of oral nonodontogenic cysts in a Brazilian population

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and demographic characteristics of oral nonodontogenic cysts (ONOC) in a Brazilian population over a 53-year period and to compare this data with the literature.Study DESIGN: A total of 20.391 biopsies records were evaluated, from April/1959 to August/2012. Cases of oral developmental cysts were selected. Data regarding age, gender, time of evolution, and anatomic site of all cases were collected. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Among 20.391 oral biopsies, 71 (0.35%) met the criteria of ONOC. Females accounted for 50.70% of all cases. The mean age observed was 38.14 years (range: 5-88 years). Nasopalatine duct cysts, oral lymphoepithelial cysts and epidermoid cysts were the most common ONOC, accounting for 63 cases (88.73%). Nasopalatine duct cysts occurred in 31 cases (43.66%), followed by 22 patients with oral lymphoepithelial cysts (30.99%) and 10 cases of epidermoid cysts (14.08%). Nasopalatine duct cysts revealed predominance among males (58.06). Oral lymphoepithelial cysts were more commonly observed in tongue (50%). Epidermoid cysts were most frequently found in the buccal mucosa (40.00%).CONCLUSIONS: The differential diagnosis of ONOC is based on the clinical, radiological, and histological findings. It is difficult to establish an epidemiological profile of ONOCs, considering the low frequency of these lesions and the divergences in the demographic and clinical presentation data among different populations

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Demographic profile of oral nonodontogenic cysts in a Brazilian population.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and demographic characteristics of oral non-odontogenic cysts (ONOC) in a Brazilian population over a 53-year period and to compare this data with the literature. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 20.391 biopsies records were evaluated, from April/1959 to August/2012. Cases of oral developmental cysts were selected. Data regarding age, gender, time of evolution, and anatomic site of all cases were collected. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Among 20.391 oral biopsies, 71 (0.35%) met the criteria of ONOC. Females accounted for 50.70% of all cases. The mean age observed was 38.14 years (range: 5-88 years). Nasopalatine duct cysts, oral lymphoepithelial cysts and epidermoid cysts were the most common ONOC, accounting for 63 cases (88.73%). Nasopalatine duct cysts occurred in 31 cases (43.66%), followed by 22 patients with oral lymphoepithelial cysts (30.99%) and 10 cases of epidermoid cysts (14.08%). Nasopalatine duct cysts revealed predominance among males (58.06). Oral lymphoepithelial cysts were more commonly observed in tongue (50%). Epidermoid cysts were most frequently found in the buccal mucosa (40.00%). CONCLUSIONS: The differential diagnosis of ONOC is based on the clinical, radiological, and histological findings. It is difficult to establish an epidemiological profile of ONOCs, considering the low frequency of these lesions and the divergences in the demographic and clinical presentation data among different populations.

A prospective epidemiological study for odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions of the maxilla and mandible in Queensland.

OBJECTIVES: Investigate the epidemiological profile for odontogenic and non-odontogenic intra-osseous lesions in the Queensland population (4.56 million) over 12 months. STUDY DESIGN: The following data were prospectively collected from all Queensland histopathology laboratories in 2011: gender, age at diagnosis, location of lesion, histopathological diagnosis of the lesion and the patient's postcode. RESULTS: Six-hundred and thirty-three lesions were collected, comprising 540 odontogenic cysts and 93 odontogenic tumors. Radicular cyst was the most frequently diagnosed lesion (247/540, 45.7%). The overall incidence of odontogenic tumors was 20.4/million. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor was the highest (15.1/million), followed by ameloblastoma (2.41/million) with odontoma and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor having the same incidence (1.1/million). The 39 non-odontogenic intra-osseous lesions had an overall incidence of 8.55/million. Nasopalatine cysts had an incidence of 2.19/million, followed by fibrous dysplasia and central giant cell granuloma (1.97/million). CONCLUSIONS: Odontogenic tumors are 5 times less common than cysts. Non-odontogenic lesions are rare, with benign lesions 6.8 times more common than malignant lesions.

Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in a Turkish Population

Objective : To determine the relative frequency and distribution of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in alarge Turkish population. Study Design A retrospective survey of jaw cysts was undertaken at the Oral Diagnosis and Radiology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Ondokuz Mayýs University Dental School, Samsun, Turkey . Data were retrieved from clinical files, imaging, and histopathology reports from 2000 to 2008; a total of 12,350 patients were included . In each case, we analyzed age, gender, type and number of cysts, and cyst location . Imaging pat -terns and pathologies associated with cystic lesions were also determined .Results : The prevalence of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts was 3.51%; males were affected more frequently than females . There were 452 odontogenic cysts (98.5%) and seven nonodontogenic cysts (1.5%). The most frequent odontogenic cyst was radicular (54.7%), followed by dentigerous (26.6%), residual (13.7%), odontogenic keratocyst (3.3%), and lateral periodontal cyst (0.2%). Nasopalatine duct cyst (1.5%) was the only nonodontogenic cyst . By age, cysts peaked in the third decade (24.2%). Concerning location, no statistically significant difference was found between the maxilla and mandible (p>0.05). The most frequent radiological feature of these lesions was unilocular cyst (93.7%). Pathologies associated with cystic lesions occurred in 14.7%.Conclusion : The prevalence of both odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts were lower than that reported in many other studies . In our study population, cysts were mainly inflammatory in origin (AU)

Odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in Istanbul: analysis of 5088 cases.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of 5088 odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts over a 40-year period in the Turkish population and to compare results with findings in the literature. METHODS: The records of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts, occurring during 1971 to 2010, were collected and analyzed for anatomic site, age range, and sex distribution. RESULTS: Among 5088 odontogenic and nonodontogenic cyst biopsies, 5003 cases (98.3%) were classified as odontogenic, whereas only 85 cases (1.7%) were nonodontogenic. In the former group, the most frequent diagnosis was radicular cyst (52.09%), followed by odontogenic keratocyst (20.6%) and dentigerous cyst (10.39%). Maxilla to mandible ratio was 1.13:1. The mean age of patients was 36.33 years (range, 2-87 years). The cysts were slightly more prevalent among male patients (57.70%). CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge of the biological behavior and clinicopathologic features of jaw cysts constitute key aspects to provide early diagnosis and adequate surgery.

Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in a Turkish population.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relative frequency and distribution of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in a large Turkish population. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective survey of jaw cysts was undertaken at the Oral Diagnosis and Radiology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental School, Samsun, Turkey. Data were retrieved from clinical files, imaging, and histopathology reports from 2000 to 2008; a total of 12,350 patients were included. In each case, we analyzed age, gender, type and number of cysts, and cyst location. Imaging patterns and pathologies associated with cystic lesions were also determined. RESULTS: The prevalence of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts was 3.51%; males were affected more frequently than females. There were 452 odontogenic cysts (98.5%) and seven nonodontogenic cysts (1.5%). The most frequent odontogenic cyst was radicular (54.7%), followed by dentigerous (26.6%), residual (13.7%), odontogenic keratocyst (3.3%), and lateral periodontal cyst (0.2%). Nasopalatine duct cyst (1.5%) was the only nonodontogenic cyst. By age, cysts peaked in the third decade (24.2%). Concerning location, no statistically significant difference was found between the maxilla and mandible (p>0.05). The most frequent radiological feature of these lesions was unilocular cyst (93.7%). Pathologies associated with cystic lesions occurred in 14.7%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of both odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts were lower than that reported in many other studies. In our study population, cysts were mainly inflammatory in origin.

Analysis of demographic data obtained from pathology records.

INTRODUCTION: Pathologists commonly analyse patient data obtained from pathology records. Such information is useful in that it might provide an indication of changing patterns of disease, or of the aetio-pathogenesis of a disease process, but such data is seldom standardised. AIM: To determine to what extent the lack of standardisation may influence the resultant data and the conclusions drawn. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pathology reports of all cysts diagnosed from 1994 to 2004 were retrieved. The diagnosis and site of the cyst, and the age, gender and race of patient were analysed. Comparative data from 1958 to 1992 was obtained from the text "Cysts of the oral regions". The data from the different periods was statistically compared. Only the four most common cysts were included: radicular, dentigerous, odontogenic keratocyst and nasopalatine duct cysts. RESULTS: There was no difference in frequency and site of cysts or in age of patients. Statistically significant differences were found in the gender and race comparisons. CONCLUSION: Do the differences reflect a changing pattern of disease or are they due to changes in the demographics of the patient pool from which the surgical specimens were obtained? We favour the latter. Awareness of the fact that data from either survey is not reliable due to lack of standardisation is pertinent to avoid drawing fundamental conclusions from such data.

Pattern of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts.

The jaws are host to a variety of cysts due in large part to the tissues involved in tooth formation. Odontogenic cysts (OCs) are unique in that they affect only the oral and maxillofacial region. There are few studies from sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at describing the pattern of various types of cysts in the oral and maxillofacial region in a Kenyan population. This was done at the Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine and Pathology, University of Nairobi Dental Hospital. This was a retrospective audit. All histopathologic records were retrieved from 1991 to 2010 (19 years) and were counted. The following information was extracted and recorded in a data sheet: age, sex, and the type of cystic lesions. There were 194 cysts (4.56%) diagnosed of 4257 oral and maxillofacial lesions. Of these, 64.4% were from male and 35.6% were from female patients with an age range of 1 to 70 years (mean, 23.76 [SD, 14.05] years; peak and median of 20 years). The most common OCs (57.2%) were dentigerous and radicular, whereas the most common nonodontogenic cyst (42.8%) was nasopalatine duct cyst. Other soft tissue cysts reported were epidermoid, branchial, thyroglossal, dermoid, and cystic hygroma. Oral and maxillofacial cysts are not uncommon in this population, the majority being the OC, dentigerous cyst, followed by the nonodontogenic cyst, nasopalatine cyst. The cysts are male predominant and occur 10 to 15 years earlier compared with those in the white population.

Nonodontogenic cysts of the oral and maxillofacial region: demographic profile in a Brazilian population over a 40-year period.

The aim of the study was to determine the distribution of histologically diagnosed nonodontogenic cysts (nOCs) over a 40-year period in a Brazilian population. Biopsy records from patients with nOC from the files of the Oral Pathology Service during the period of 1970-2009 were evaluated. Among 10,311 oral biopsies, 58 met the criteria of nOCs. The most frequent nOCs were nasopalatine duct cysts (32.8%), followed by epidermoid cysts (20.7%) and oral lymphoepithelial cysts (17.2%). Nasopalatine duct cysts showed predominance among females (68.4%). Epidermoid cysts were most commonly found in the floor of the mouth (36.4%), tongue (27.3%), and buccal mucosa (27.3%). Oral lymphoepithelial cysts exhibited female prevalence (80.0%) and were commonly located in the tongue (44.4%). The frequency of nOCs found in the population studied here is slightly different from those reported in other case series. Nasopalatine duct cysts, epidermoid cysts, and oral lymphoepithelial cysts were the most common nOCs found, accounting for 70.7% of all nOCs.

Nasolabial cyst: 18.5 year experience in a pathology laboratory.

AIM: This paper offers a survey of nasolabial cysts diagnosed at the Pathology Laboratory of the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (Brazil) over a period of 18.5 years, and a case report. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on biopsies performed at the Pathology Laboratory of the UFVJM School of Dentistry between January 1992 and July 2010. RESULTS: Among a total of 2730 histopathological exams of biopsies performed at the UFVJM Pathology Laboratory, 288 (10.54%) were different types of cysts, The prevalence of NLC was 0.29% (8 cases) in relation to the overall sample and 2.43% among all cysts. NLC only occurred in the female gender in the age group spanning from 25 to 62 years (mean: 40.00 years; standard deviation (SD): 13.48 years). The duration of evolution ranged from six to 18 months (mean: 12 months; SD: 3.79 months). The cysts were asymptomatic in 62.5% of cases. Cyst size ranged from 10 to 30 mm (mean: 16.86; SD: 8.00 mm). In six cases (75%), the radiographic exams were consistent with the final diagnosis, whereas there were no records of radiographic images in two cases (25%). Surgical excision was the treatment of choice for all cases. CONCLUSION: The characteristics of NLC, such as location, elevation of the nasal wing, disappearance of the nasolabial sulcus, nasal obstruction, floatation of the cyst and the presence of cystic liquid in the interior, are enough to suggest the diagnosis of this cyst. However, the confirmation of the diagnosis is performed through biopsy and histopathological analysis.

Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic cysts in Sicily: 1986-2005.

The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of odontogenic cysts (OCs) in Sicily and evaluate their distribution during a 20-year period. A cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out in 1,310 cysts of the jaw diagnosed in 12,197 individuals, who consecutively attended the Odontostomatologic Clinic of Palermo from 1986 to 2005. 1,273 cysts were classified as odontogenic, whereas only 37 were non-odontogenic. In the former group, the most frequent lesions were radicular cysts (84.5%), followed by dentigerous OCs (11.4%). Inflammatory radicular cysts were observed more in male gender, younger age at diagnosis and anterior maxilla as site of presentation. Unlike dentigerous cysts, the frequency of radicular cysts decreased from 10.4% in 1986-1995 to about 8% in 1996-2005 (P < 0.0001). Inflammatory radicular cysts are the most represented group among OCs in our area with a higher prevalence than that reported in other countries. The decreasing epidemiologic trend with time could be attributed to the possible changes in individual oral health behavior.