Pharmacological Characterization and Raman Spectroscopy Evaluation of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery-Related Carnoy´S Solution Modified by Different Viscosity Agents.

BACKGROUND: There are several lesions of odontogenic and non-odontogenic origin in the oral cavity, such as odontogenic keratocyst, as well as many treatment options for such lesions. In order to reduce recurrence due to conservative treatments and less aesthetic and functional impairment of the patient (radical therapies), Carnoy's solution has been used as an adjuvant to surgery, showing satisfactory results. Its application is not standardized, presenting risks to adjacent tissues. Thus, we characterized the Carnoy's solution with different viscosity agents to enhance its applicability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All solutions prepared (Carnoy with and without chloroform) were added with viscosity agent: ethyl cellulose, propylene glycol, and glycerol totaling eight solutions. The pharmacological characterization of the solutions was performed by determining the mass density and relative density (using a clean and dry pycnometer), pH (using pH meter), and concentration of Fe3+ (using ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy). The analyses of the inorganic components were determined by Raman micro spectrometry. Data were analyzed with statistical program BIOESTAT 5.3. RESULTS: Solutions with ethyl cellulose were discarded due to precipitate formation and suspension of the viscosity agent. In the other solutions, viscosity increase (propylene glycol solutions) and acidic pH were observed mainly in the glycerol group. The ferric chloride characterized as a hemostatic agent had its concentration increased with the use of thickening agents, theoretically favoring its action. CONCLUSION: The similarity of the propylene glycol and glycerol molecules justifies the Raman spectra of these substances to be similar and the difficulty in obtaining a "fingerprint".
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La primera anestesia filmada en el mundo se hizo en Buenos Aires / The first filmed anesthesia in the world took place in Buenos Aires

En el año 1899, en el viejo Hospital de Clínicas de Buenos Aires Eugenio Py filmó una intervención quirúrgica que practicó el Dr. Alejandro Posadas para resecar un quiste hidatídico de pulmón. En la película se ve a Posadas operando, y administrando la anestesia al Practicante Rodolfo S. Roccatagliata que tiene en su mano derecha un frasco, del cual deja caer esporádicamente un fármaco sobre una máscara anestésica. Es probable que la anestesia se realizó con el cloroformo y la máscara de Schimmelbusch. En las conclusiones, se considera que esta película testimonia que la primera filmación de una anestesia general en el mundo se hizo en Buenos Aires.

In 1899 at the old Hospital de Clínicas in Buenos Aires, Eugenio Py filmed a surgical procedure performed by Dr. Alejandro Posadas to extirpate a lung hydatid cyst. The film shows Posadas operating and Rodolfo S. Roccatagliata administering anesthesia, holding in his right hand a bottle from which he sporadically drops a drug to an anesthetic mask. It is probable that the anesthetic was chloroform, and the mask that of Schimmelbusch. The conclusion is that that this film is proof of being the first one of general anesthesia in the world, taken in Buenos Aires.

Em 1899, no velho Hospital de Clínicas de Buenos Aires, Eugenio Py filmou uma intervenção cirúrgica realizada pelo Dr. Alejandro Posadas para resseção de um cisto hidático de pulmão. No filme se vê ao Dr. Posadas operando e ao praticante Rodolfo S. Roccatagliata administrando a anestesia, quem tem um frasco na mão direita do qual cai, esporadicamente, um fármaco a uma máscara anestésica. É provável que o anestésico fosse o clorofórmio e a máscara, a de Schimmelbusch. Nas conclusões se considera que este filme é um testemunho de que a primeira filmagem de uma anestesia geral no mundo foi feita em Buenos Aires.

Histerocele total complicado con miasis a propósito de un caso / Histerocele myiasis complicated by a total of one case

Miasis es la infestación de órganos o tejidos por larvas de moscas. La infestación con larvas de mosca produce diversas manifestaciones según el sitio afectado y puede incluso, causar la muerte. No es una enfermedad común en humanos pero se observa con alguna regularidad en países neotropicales. Afecta con mayor frecuencia las áreas expuestas de la piel y se presenta raramente en ojos, nariz, senos paranasales, tracto urogenital o recto; en estos casos la infestación se asocia con traumas previos o secresiones purulentas que atraen a las moscas adultas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 65 años de edad, con prolapso total del útero (histerocele grado IV) complicado con miasis específica por Cochliomya hominivorax.

In vitro cytotoxic and non-genotoxic effects of gutta-percha solvents on mouse lymphoma cells by single cell gel (comet) assay.

Chloroform and eucalyptol are widely used in clinical dentistry as gutta-percha solvents. However, these compounds may represent a hazard to human health, especially by causing injury to genetic apparatus and/or inducing cellular death. In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic potentials associated with exposure to chloroform and eucalyptol were assessed on mouse lymphoma cells in vitro by the single cell gel (comet) assay and trypan blue exclusion test, respectively. Both gutta-percha solvents proved to be cytotoxic at the same levels in concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 microL/mL (p<0.05). On the other hand, neither of the solvents induced DNA breakage. Taken together, these results suggest that although both tested compounds (chloroform and eucalyptol) are strong cytotoxicants, it seems that they are not likely to increase the level of DNA damage on mammalian cells.

In vitro cytotoxic and non-genotoxic effects of gutta-percha solvents on mouse lymphoma cells by single cell gel (comet) assay

Chloroform and eucalyptol are widely used in clinical dentistry as gutta-percha solvents. However, these compounds may represent a hazard to human health, especially by causing injury to genetic apparatus and/or inducing cellular death. In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic potentials associated with exposure to chloroform and eucalyptol were assessed on mouse lymphoma cells in vitro by the single cell gel (comet) assay and trypan blue exclusion test, respectively. Both gutta-percha solvents proved to be cytotoxic at the same levels in concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 muL/mL (p<0.05). On the other hand, neither of the solvents induced DNA breakage. Taken together, these results suggest that although both tested compounds (chloroform and eucalyptol) are strong cytotoxicants, it seems that they are not likely to increase the level of DNA damage on mammalian cells.

Clorofórmio e eucaliptol são amplamente utilizados na clínica odontológica como solventes de guta-percha. Entretanto, estes compostos podem representar um perigo à saúde humana, especialmente por causar danos ao aparelho genético e/ou induzir morte celular. Neste estudo, o potencial genotóxico e citotóxico associado à exposição ao clorofórmio e eucaliptol foram avaliados em células de linfoma murino in vitro pelo teste de células individualizadas (teste do cometa) e pelo teste do azul de tripan, respectivamente. Ambos os solventes de guta-percha provaram ser citotóxicos nos mesmos níveis em concentrações de 2,5, 5 e 10 miL/mL (p<0.05). Por outro lado, nenhum dos dois solventes induziu danos ao DNA. Em conclusão, esses resultados sugerem que ambos os compostos testados (clorofórmio e eucaliptol) são potentes citotoxinas, mas não representam um fator que aumenta o nível de danos no DNA em células de mamíferos.

Efecto de los extractos de cloroformo y tolueno de Cestrum nocturnum L sobre la conducta exploratoria y pruebas de analgesia / Effect of chloroform and toluene extracts of Cestrum nocturnum L on the animal´s exploring behavior and analgesia tests

Se analizó el efecto de la administración aguda de los extractos de cloroformo y tolueno obtenidos a partir de las hojas secas de Cestrum nocturnum L. sobre modelos de conducta exploratoria y pruebas de analgesia El propósito del trabajo fue iniciar la búsqueda de los principios activos relacionados con los efectos sedante y analgésico de la planta. La fracción de cloroformo produjo hipoactividad y redujo la respuesta en la prueba de las contorsiones inducidas por ácido acético de manera dependiente de la dosis sin provocar cambios en el tiempo de reacción en el plato caliente. La fracción de tolueno provocó una disminución de la conducta exploratoria con similar efecto en el tiempo total de permanencia en el círculo central y una disminución de la respuesta al dolor en forma dependiente de las dosis en el modelo de ácido acético. En el plato caliente esta fracción resultó inefectiva. Los resultados sugieren la presencia en ambos extractos de un principio activo con efecto analgésico periférico y otro con acción sedante(AU)

[Inhalation of organic solvents during the last third of pregnancy in Sprague-Dawley rats. Somatometric and cerebellar consequences in newborn animals]. / Inhalación de solventes orgánicos durante el último tercio del embarazo de ratas Sprague-Dawley. Consecuencias somatométricas y cerebelosas en neonatos.

Cerebellar morphogenesis as well as somatometric parameters of progenies from mothers exposed to ethyl-ether, chloroform, turpentine or thinner were registered a 24, 48 and 7 hours of age. 1. Mortality rate of 20 and 59% was observed in progenies of thinner or turpentine exposed mothers, correspondingly. 2. Delay of intrauterine growth manifested by body weight, size and cephalic diameter was evident in chloroform exposed groups (P < 0.01). 3. Cerebellar maturation delay was found in thinner or turpentine prenatally exposed litters. 4. The number of Purkinje cells was significantly reduced in ethyl-ether and chloroform exposed groups (P < 0.01). These cells were found less affected by thinner or turpentine exposure (P < 0.01).