Effect of 3 cements on white spot lesion formation after full-coverage rapid maxillary expander: A comparative in-vivo study.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 3 luting agents (glass ionomer cement, compomer, and polycarboxylate cement) on white spot lesion formation in patients with full-coverage bonded acrylic splint expanders. White spot lesion formation was assessed with quantitative light-induced fluorescence. METHODS: Full-coverage rapid maxillary expanders were cemented with glass ionomer cement, compomer, and polycarboxylate cement in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. A control group comprised patients who never had orthodontic treatment. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence images taken before and after rapid maxillary expansion treatment were analyzed for these parameters: the percentages of fluorescence loss with respect to the fluorescence of sound tooth tissue (ΔF) and maximum loss of fluorescence intensity in the whole lesion; lesion area with ΔF equal to less than a -5% threshold; and the percentage of fluorescence loss with respect to the fluorescence of sound tissue times the area that indicated lesion volume. RESULTS: All 3 groups showed statistically significantly greater demineralization than the control group. The 3 experimental groups differed from each other in half of the parameters calculated. Teeth in the polycarboxylate group developed the most white spot lesions. CONCLUSIONS: With the highest rate of white spot lesion formation, polycarboxylate cements should not be used for full-coverage bonded acrylic splint expanders. Compomers may be preferred over glass ionomer cements, based on the findings of this study.

Two-year clinical evaluation of three restorative materials in primary molars.

UNLABELLED: A variety of alternatives to amalgam are now available for use in Class I and Class II restorations in primary teeth, including glass ionomer cements, compomers and resin modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC). OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the two-year clinical performance of three restorative dental materials: A resin modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji IILC), a compomer (Dyract AP) and a high viscosity glass ionomer cement (Fuji IX), in primary molars of pediatric patients with high caries risk activity and compared these results to those reported for amalgam restorations. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred and forty nine Class I and Class II cavities in 45 patients aged 6 to 8 years were restored with compomer, glass ionomer cements and amalgam. Restorations were evaluated according to modified Ryge criteria by two examiners at baseline, and after 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of oral function. The data was submitted to statistical analysis (binomial and hyper geometric tests, p<0.05). RESULTS: Two-year recall rate was 62.42%. Class I performed better than class II restorations. The difference in marginal discoloration between compomer and amalgam restorations was statistically significant (p=0.014). No other significant differences were found between GIC, compomer and amalgam restorations. The clinical performance of the three restorative materials compared to amalgam in Class I and Class II cavities at two-year recall was acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: The results, even in a population with high caries risk activity, suggest that these materials are suitable alternatives to amalgam in Class I and Class II restorations in primary teeth.

[Amalgam, composites and compomers: a comparative histologic study of periodontal tissues (Part 2)]. / Amalgames, composites et compomeres: étude histologique comparative sur les tissus parodontaux (2è me partie).

Violation of the biologic width could induce different periodontal consequences depending on many factors such as the type of the restorative material used. In this study, the histological performance and the marginal adaptation of three filling materials (amalgam, composite resin and compomer) are evaluated after a period of three months. Class V cavities with apical margin located at the alveolar bone crest were prepared on Pointer dogs teeth and restored with these three materials. Histological analysis showed that lesions in epithelial attachment were mainly noticed with amalgam fillings and the scale of inflammatory cells was the highest when amalgam was used. Compomer showed the best marginal adaptation.

Orthodontic adhesives induce human gingival fibroblast toxicity and inflammation.

OBJECTIVE: To test the null hypothesis that the resin base and the resin hybrid glass ionomer base adhesives do not cause inflammation after contacting primary human gingival fibroblasts in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The resin base and resin hybrid glass ionomer base adhesives were used to treat human gingival fibroblasts to evaluate the survival rate using MTT colorimetric assay to detect the level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique and COX-2 protein expression using Western blot analysis. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Tests of differences of the treatments were analyzed using the Tukey test and a value of P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The paste and primer of the resin base adhesive and the liquid of glass ionomer adhesive showed decreasing survival rates after 24 hours of treatment (P < .05). All orthodontic adhesives induced COX-2 protein expression in human gingival fibroblasts. The exposure of quiescent human gingival fibroblasts to adhesives resulted in the induction of COX-2 mRNA expression. The investigations of the time-dependent COX-2 mRNA expression in adhesive-treated human gingival fibroblasts revealed different patterns. CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis is rejected. For orthodontic patients with gingival inflammation, except for those with oral hygiene problems, the activation of COX-2 expression by orthodontic adhesive may be one of the potential mechanisms.

Influência de corantes sobre a translucidez de resina composta convencional, resina composta flow e compômeros / Influency of corants on the translucence of convencional composite resin, flowable composite resin and compomers

Um dos principais objetivos da Odontologia Restauradora é a execução de restaurações que sejam imperceptíveis, obtendo uma harmonia destas com a estética natural dos elementos dentários. Isto é conseguido pela reprodução das características ópticas dos dentes, fato que tem se tornado possível cada vez mais devido às inúmeras pesquisas e introdução de novos materiais restauradores estéticos no mercado. Uma propriedade importante para obtenção desta característica natural das restaurações é a translucidez do material utilizado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de pigmentos (corantes) contidos no chá, evidenciador de placa, e no cigarro, sobre a translucidez de alguns materiais restauradores estéticos disponíveis comercialmente (resina composta flow, resina composta convencional e compômero). As medidas de translucidez foram realizadas em vários períodos de tempo (0, 1, 10, 30 e 90 dias de imersão) e os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste estatístico de Tukey. Com base nestes resultados, constatou-se que uma maior translucidez foi obtida com a resina flow (M2). Em relação aos meios de imersão, observou-se que o evidenciador de placa (meio de imersão I2) foi o que proporcionaou uma maior redução dos valores de translucidez dos materiais quando comparado com o chá preto (I1) e o cigarro (I3). Concluiu-se também que a translucidez apresentou-se decrescente em relação aos períodos de tempo para todos os materiais utilizados

Ultrastructure of gingival sulcus mucosa after application of hybrid heliocomposites.

Hybrid heliocomposites were used for repair of the carious tooth crown. Ultrastructural study of mucosa biopsy specimens from sites adjacent to the filling 3 weeks after treatment showed that Charisma, Herculite, and Esterfil Ca filling materials led to degenerative changes in the mucosa, while Filtek Z-250 heliocomposite caused no pathological changes in the gingiva at the site of contact.

Avaliaçäo in vitro da microinfiltraçäo marginal em cavidades classe V, restauradas com resinas compostas condensáveis, resina composta híbrida, resina composta modificada por poliácidos e ionômero de vidro modificado por resina / In vitro evaluation of marginal microleakage in class V cavities, restored with condensable composite resins, hybrid composite resin, modified composite resin by polyacid and glass ionomer modified by resin

A finalidade deste trabalho foi verificar o grau de infiltraçäo marginal em cavidades classe V, vestibulares e linguais, em dentes pré-molares humanos extraídos por razöes ortodônticas e restaurados com resina composta condensável, resina composta híbrida, resina composta modificada por poliácidos e ionômero de vidro modificado por resina. Foram utilizados 50 dentes livres de cáries, que após a coleta foram limpos e fixados em formalina tamponada a 10 por cento e, a seguir, armazenados em água destilada. Foram realizadas cavidades classe V por vestibular e lingual com 3 mm de diâmetro e 1,5 mm de profundidade, e em seguida restaurados e agrupados segundo o material restaurador escolhido em : Grupo I: dentes restaurados com resina composta condensável Alert; Grupo II: dentes restaurados com resina composta condensável Solitaire; Grupo III: dentes restaurados com resina composta híbrida Z- 250 ; Grupo IV: dentes restaurados com compômero Dyract AP e Grupo V: dentes restaurados com ionômero de vidro Vitremer (grupo controle). Concluídas as restauraçöes os dentes foram imersos em água destilada a 37ºC por 24 horas; polidos com discos Sof-Lex e impermeabilizados com Araldite e esmalte para unhas, preservando-se 2 mm ao redor da restauraçäo, sem impermeabilizaçäo. Uma vez secos, os dentes foram submetidos à ciclagem térmica com temperatura de 5ºC/ 55ºC, em um total de 200 ciclos, com 30 segundos em cada banho. Os dentes foram imersos em uma soluçäo aquosa de azul de metileno a 2 por cento por um período de 24 horas. Concluídos os procedimentos acima, os espécimes foram lavados e cortados longitudinalmente com disco diamantado, no sentido vestíbulo-lingual. Os dentes foram examinados com lupa com aumento de 7x e classificados segundo o grau de penetração máxima do corante, utilizando-se escores de 0 a 4, segundo o número de paredes infiltradas. A análise estatística aplicada aos resultados obtidos permitiu as seguintes conclusöes: a resina composta Alert demonstrou menor infiltraçäo marginal (P<0,05), seguida do Dyract AP, sendo que ambas comportaram-se estatisticamente melhor que os demais grupos. Näo houve diferença estatística significante entre a resina Z-250 e o Vitremer. A resina composta Solitaire teve o pior desempenho quanto à infiltraçäo marginal

Avaliaçäo in vitro da microinfiltraçäo marginal de restauraçöes realizadas com um cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina e uma resina composta modificada por poliácidos associadas a dois sistemas adesivos / Microleakage in vitro evaluation of resin-modified glass ionomer cement and polyacid-modified resin composite restorations in association with two dentin adhesive systems

Avaliou-se in vitro a microinfiltraçäo marginal de restauraçöes realizadas com um cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina (Vitremer/3M) e uma resina composta modificada por poliácidos (Dyract/Dentsply) associadas a dois sistemas adesivos (All Bond 2/Bisco e One Step/Bisco). Cavidades classe II modificadas foram preparadas nas superfícies M e D de 40 pré-molares hígidos, tendo a parede gengival estendida a 1mm abaixo da junçäo cemento-esmalte. Os espécimes foram divididos em 4 grupos de 20 restauraçöes cada, sendo: 1) composto do sistema adesivo One Step + Dyract; 2) composto pelo One Step + Vitremer; 3) apresentava o sistema adesivo All Bond 2 + Dyract; 4) All Bond 2 + Vitremer. Após o término das restauraçöes, os espécimes foram submetidos à termociclagem nas temperaturas de 5ºC e 55ºC, totalizando 500 ciclos. Em seguida, foram submersos em soluçäo de fucsina básica a 0,5 por cento em 37ºC por 24 horas. Os dentes foram seccionados e a microinfiltraçäo marginal na interface dente/restauraçäo foi avaliada ao longo da parede gengival, através de medida linear em micrômetros. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que nenhum dos materiais testados foi capaz de eliminar completamente a microinfiltraçäo marginal, onde a associaçäo dos sistemas adesivos aos materiais restauradores utilizados näo influenciou de maneira significativa a capacidade de selamento das restauraçöes avaliadas. O Vitremer mostrou ter capacidade de selamento superior quando comparado ao Dyract em relaçäo à microinfiltraçäo marginal

Postoperative dental bleaching: effect of microleakage on Class V tooth colored restorative materials.

The effect of 3 percent, 11 percent, and 16 percent carbamide peroxide bleaching solutions and 35 percent hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel on microleakage of Class V composite resins, resin modified glass ionomer cements, and compomer restorative materials together with corresponding (if indicated) fourth/fifth generation bonding agents was evaluated using previously extracted human teeth. Five groups of Class V cavity preparations were placed in enamel of the facial surfaces of 200 teeth. Groups A through D included 40 restorations each (4 different restorative materials and their accompanying bonding agent multiplied by 10 teeth) treated with 3 percent, 11 percent, and 16 percent carbamide peroxide bleach and 35 percent hydrogen peroxide bleach. Group E included 40 restorations without treatment of bleach and stood as the control. The restorative materials included were: Fuji II LC resin modified glass ionomer cement, Helioprogress composite resin/-Heliobond adhesive system, Aelitefil composite resin/Allbond 2 adhesive and Dyract compomer material/Prime & Bond adhesive system. Bleaching agents included were Rembrandt 3 percent peroxide gel, Perfecta 16 percent carbamide peroxide gel, White & Brite 11 percent carbamide peroxide solution and Superoxyl 35 percent hydrogen peroxide gel. All teeth were thermally stressed for 100 cycles and microleakage were assessed by dye penetration. The results were tabulated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) testing procedures. The Aelitefil composite resin material behaved the least favorably (relative to microleakage) compared to the other materials when exposed to various concentrations of dental bleaching agents.