COPTOEX, 15 años contribuyendo a la historia de la terapia ocupacional y la investigación / COPTOEX, 15 years contributing to the history of occupational therapy and research

Introducción: el Colegio Profesional de Terapeutas Ocupacionales de Extremadura (COPTOEX) conmemora 15 años de su creación. Durante estos años COPTOEX ha tenido un papel relevante a nivel nacional tanto en el ámbito de las organizaciones como en la investigación. Método: se realiza una descripción narrativa de la participación de COPTOEX en el conjunto de las organizaciones nacionales, así como su vinculación a la investigación en España desde diferentes ópticas. Resultados: la trayectoria de COPTOEX está estrechamente vinculada a las instituciones nacionales de terapia ocupacional. Paralelamente han desarrollado líneas de trabajo entorno al proceso científico y desarrollo de la investigación en terapia ocupacional mediante la convocatoria de ayudas a la investigación y divulgación científica. Conclusión: COPTOEX ha mantenido 15 años de actividad colegial que le han permitido formar parte activa del crecimiento e identidad profesional en el ámbito de las instituciones y del conocimiento científico. (AU)

Introduction: The Professional Association of Occupational Therapists of Extremadura (COPTOEX) commemorates 15 years of its creation. During these years, COPTOEX has played a relevant role at a national level, both in organizations and in research. Method: A narrative description of the participation of COPTOEX in the full range of national organizations, as well as its connection with research in Spain from different points of view. Results: COPTOEX's track record is closely linked to national occupational therapy institutions. At the same time, they have developed lines of work around the scientific process and development of occupational therapy research through research grants and scientific dissemination. Conclusion: COPTOEX has maintained 15 years of collegiate activity that has allowed it to be an active part of professional growth and identity in institutions and scientific knowledge. (AU)

De Colegio oficial de psicólogos a Consejo general de colegios. Posicionamiento nacional y proyección internacional / From the college of psychologists to the Spanish psychological association. National positioning and international projection

La creación del COP tuvo enorme trascendencia para dotar de identidad la psicología española. Esta Corporación destinada a ordenar y representar la profesión no ha dejado de crecer, a pesar de graves problemáticas internas y externas. El artículo ofrece una revisión legislativa y documental, sobre todo desde su revista oficial, Papeles del Psicólogo. Analiza la segunda etapa del COP, la de la profesionalización, la descentralización y la reorganización como Consejo General de Colegios, atendiendo a su papel en la proyección interna e internacional de la disciplina en su conjunto. (AU)

The creation of the COP (Spanish College of Psychologists) was of enormous significance in establishing the identity of psychology in Spain. Theorganization, aimed at organizing and representing the profession, has not stopped growing, despite the serious internal and external issues it hashad. This article presents a legislative and documentary review, particularly based on its representative publication, Papeles del Psicólogo/Psychologist Papers. We analyze the second stage of the COP, that of professionalization, decentralization, and reorganization as theSpanish Psychological Association, taking into account its role in the internal and international projection of the discipline as a whole. (AU)

A History of Board Certification in Pediatric Pathology on Its 30th Anniversary.

In 1983 under the leadership of Dr. Daria Haust, the Pediatric Pathology Club (PPC; forerunner of the Society for Pediatric Pathology [SPP]), promulgated bylaws that included recognition of the special expertise required in pediatric pathology. This standard followed formal discussion that began as early as 1970, suggesting that special certification should be pursued, and the idea was vetted by the PPC in 1980 following a special report by Dr. Benjamin Landing and a letter to PPC members. Under the leadership of Dr. William Donnelly in 1984, a relationship between the SPP and the American Board of Pathology (ABPath) began in order to receive recognition of pediatric pathology as a special discipline. As a result, a test committee chaired by Dr. Jerald Schenken began preparing question categories and examples for ABPath examination. These efforts culminated in the first pediatric pathology subspecialty examination, held in Atlanta, Georgia on November 20, 1990. With this article we wish to detail the history of ABPath pediatric pathology board certification from its beginnings to the current time.

The Genesis of Pain Medicine as a Subspecialty in Anesthesiology.

Certification in pain medicine as a subspecialty in Anesthesiology was conceived in 1989 and first discussed by the American Board of Anesthesiology in 1990. Shortly thereafter, the ABA submitted an application to the American Board of Medical Specialties for recognition to certify in pain management. That was approved in 1991. The Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education approved an application from the Anesthesiology Residency Review Committee to accredit programs in pain management education and training in 1992. The first examination for Pain Management certification was given in 1993. The certificate was modified in 2002 to Pain Medicine rather than Pain Management. Five member boards of ABMS are now approved for certification in pain medicine and all use the ABA Pain Medicine examination.

Nursing Now y los Colegios Profesionales de Enfermeras en España / Nursing Now and Professional Nurses Associations in Spain

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Vascular surgery: taking the next steps toward autonomy.

The recognition of vascular surgery as an independent surgical specialty is inevitable, but the pathway to full autonomy remains uncertain. Vascular surgery emerged from general surgery in the mid-1950s with the advent of synthetic grafts and microvascular techniques. By the early 1980s, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-approved fellowships were established in most large academic medical centers. The American Board of Surgery recognized this additional specialty training by awarding vascular graduates a Certificate of Special Qualifications distinguishing them from general surgeons. The emergence of endovascular surgery radically changed the face of vascular surgery from a general surgery subspecialty to a unique surgical specialty with a growing array of minimally invasive tools. With the establishment of a primary Certificate in Vascular Surgery and the subsequent development of integrated residencies, vascular surgery moved ever closer to recognition as an independent surgical specialty. Despite the remarkable progress that has been observed over the past 50 years, there is a desire in the vascular community for formal recognition of the unique body of knowledge and surgical skills that serve as the foundation of contemporary vascular care.

The role of the Vascular Surgery Board in surgical education.

The American Board of Surgery (ABS) has more than 80 years of both direct and indirect involvement in US surgical education, with its primary role being certification of graduates of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-approved surgical training programs. The ABS's impact on education has been at multiple levels, including the development of the content and administration of qualifying and certifying examinations; original education research based on the Board's unique data sets; and surgical training and education-related initiatives in partnership with multiple regulatory bodies and surgical societies. Within these efforts, by incremental steps, the specialty of vascular surgery attained recognition as a primary specialty of the ABS, and the Vascular Surgery Board of the ABS was established 20 years ago, in 1998. The 2 decades that followed have witnessed significant transformations in the evaluation and treatment of vascular disease, the paradigms for training vascular and endovascular surgeons, and the Vascular Surgery Board has partnered with stakeholder organizations to continually ensure quality education for the evolving vascular surgical workforce. Looking forward, while surgical education remains outside of its primary mission, the ABS and Vascular Surgery Board will continue as key stakeholders and leaders in the complex network of professional societies and training institutions that will guide the evolution of vascular surgery training.

The Role of the American Board of Surgery in the Development of Surgical Residencies in Post-World War II America.

The creation of Boards fundamentally altered the American medical landscape and transformed the process of educating physicians. The American Board of Surgery, founded in 1937, epitomized this role. It established expectations, implemented an inspection system to enforce those standards, and ultimately collaborated with other professional organizations to create the Residency Review Committee that endures today. Using surgery as an example, we show how the appeal of board certification imbued Boards with the power and authority to reshape graduate medical education in their image in post-World War II America.