RESUMO
As a native Houstonian, the notoriety surrounding Dr. Denton A Cooley's implantation of the total artificial heart on Good Friday, April 4, 1969, was inescapable. At the time, Drs. Cooley and Michael E. DeBakey were the two most famous surgeons in Houston and much of the world. They had worked together professionally for 18 years, revolutionizing cardiothoracic surgery and mastering aortic surgery from beginning to end. However, this working relationship ended abruptly, and one of the most famous feuds in medicine began. Little did I know at the time that I would train with both men, work in both their respective institutions (which are located on the most competitive block of the Texas Medical Center), and play a role four decades later as their relationship rekindled. Here, I recount what I have come to learn about these events.
Assuntos
Transplante de Coração/história , Coração Artificial/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Relações Interprofissionais , Cirurgia Torácica/históriaAssuntos
Coração Artificial/história , Animais , Previsões , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Federação RussaAssuntos
Coração Artificial/história , Coração Artificial/psicologia , História da Medicina , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Terapias em Estudo/história , Terapias em Estudo/psicologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The world lost a medical trailblazer and inspirational humanitarian with the passing of Denton A. Cooley on November 18, 2016. The 28th president of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Cooley was an icon of the astounding progress of cardiovascular medicine in the 20th century and a visionary pioneer who shaped modern surgery.
Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares/história , Cirurgia Torácica/história , Cardiologia/história , Coração Artificial/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The world's first implantable total artificial heart was designed by Vladimir Demikhov as a fourth year biology student in Voronezh, Soviet Union, in 1937. As a prototype of his device, Demikhov must have used an apparatus for extracorporeal blood circulation invented by Sergei Bryukhonenko of Moscow. The device was the size of a dog's native heart and consisted of two diaphragm pumps brought into motion by an electric motor. A dog with an implanted device lived for 2.5 hours. In addition to having the prototype, the preconditions for Demikhov's artificial heart creation were his manual dexterity, expertise in animal physiology, and his mechanistic worldview.
Assuntos
Circulação Extracorpórea/história , Coração Artificial/história , Animais , Cães , História do Século XX , U.R.S.S.RESUMO
A practical artificial heart has been sought for >50 years. An increasing number of people succumb to heart disease each year, but the number of hearts available for transplantation remains small. Early total artificial hearts mimicked the pumping action of the native heart. These positive-displacement pumps could provide adequate haemodynamic support and maintain the human circulation for short periods, but large size and limited durability adversely affected recipients' quality of life. Subsequent research into left ventricular assist devices led to the use of continuous-flow blood pumps with rotating impellers. Researchers have attempted to integrate this technology into modern total artificial hearts with moderate clinical success. The importance of pulsatile circulation remains unclear. Future research is, therefore, needed into positive-displacement and rotary total artificial hearts.
Assuntos
Insuficiência Cardíaca/história , Coração Artificial/história , Desenho de Prótese/história , Difusão de Inovações , Insuficiência Cardíaca/cirurgia , Transplante de Coração/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , HumanosAssuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica/história , Cardiologia/história , Insuficiência Cardíaca/história , Coração Artificial/história , Animais , Desenho de Equipamento/história , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Hemodinâmica , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , HumanosAssuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/história , Cardiologia/história , Coração Artificial/história , Implantação de Prótese/história , Animais , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/instrumentação , História do Século XX , Humanos , Implantação de Prótese/instrumentação , Federação Russa , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Dr Willem J. Kolff was surely one of the greatest inventors/physicians/scientists/bioengineers of the last few hundred years. He was knighted (Commander of the Order of Oranje-Nassau) in 1970 by Queen Juliana of the Netherlands. In 1990, Life magazine published a list of its own 100 most important figures of the 20th century. Kolff stood in 99th place as the Father of Artificial Organs. Dr Kolff forged a path of innovative thinking and creativity that has had a huge impact on the quality of human life. His contributions to the development of the artificial kidney and dialysis, the heart-lung machine, the membrane oxygenator, potassium arrest of the heart, the AH, mechanical cardiac assistance, and other artificial organs, and his support and mentoring of hundreds to thousands of anesthesiologists, surgeons, and bioengineers throughout the world, have had a significant impact on anesthesiology and the medical community.
