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3.
J Hematol Oncol ; 13(1): 127, 2020 09 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32972438

RESUMO

The clinical impact of minimal residual disease detection at early time points or during follow-ups has been shown to accurately predict relapses among patients with lymphomas, mainly in follicular and diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The field of minimal residual disease testing in mantle cell lymphoma is still evolving but has great impact in determining the prognosis. Flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction-based testing are most commonly used methods in practice; however, these methods are not sensitive enough to detect the dynamic changes that underline lymphoma progression. Newer methods using next-generation sequencing, such as ClonoSeq, are being incorporated in clinical trials. Other techniques under evolution include CAPP-seq and anchored multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based methods. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive update on the status of minimal residual disease detection and its prognostic effect in mantle cell patients. The role of circulating tumor DNA-based minimal residual disease detection in lymphomas is also discussed.


Assuntos
Linfoma de Célula do Manto/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/ultraestrutura , Ciclina D1/genética , DNA de Neoplasias/sangue , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Previsões , Rearranjo Gênico de Cadeia Pesada de Linfócito B , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Cadeias Pesadas de Imunoglobulinas/genética , Biópsia Líquida , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/genética , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/terapia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex , Neoplasia Residual , Prognóstico , Translocação Genética
4.
Ann Hematol ; 99(10): 2449-2451, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32851455
5.
J Hematol Oncol ; 13(1): 108, 2020 08 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32762714

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy with genomic heterogeneity and poor survival outcome. Apart from the central role of genetic lesions, epigenetic anomalies have been identified as drivers in the development of the disease. METHODS: Alterations in the DNA methylome were mapped in 52 newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients of six molecular subgroups and matched with loci-specific chromatin marks to define their impact on gene expression. Differential DNA methylation analysis was performed using DMAP with a ≥10% increase (hypermethylation) or decrease (hypomethylation) in NDMM subgroups, compared to control samples, considered significant for all the subsequent analyses with p<0.05 after adjusting for a false discovery rate. RESULTS: We identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) within the etiological cytogenetic subgroups of myeloma, compared to control plasma cells. Using gene expression data we identified genes that are dysregulated and correlate with DNA methylation levels, indicating a role for DNA methylation in their transcriptional control. We demonstrated that 70% of DMRs in the MM epigenome were hypomethylated and overlapped with repressive H3K27me3. In contrast, differentially expressed genes containing hypermethylated DMRs within the gene body or hypomethylated DMRs at the promoters overlapped with H3K4me1, H3K4me3, or H3K36me3 marks. Additionally, enrichment of BRD4 or MED1 at the H3K27ac enriched DMRs functioned as super-enhancers (SE), controlling the overexpression of genes or gene-cassettes. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, this study presents the underlying epigenetic regulatory networks of gene expression dysregulation in NDMM patients and identifies potential targets for future therapies.


Assuntos
Epigênese Genética , Epigenoma , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/genética , Mieloma Múltiplo/genética , Aneuploidia , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 4/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 4/ultraestrutura , Ciclina D1/biossíntese , Ciclina D1/genética , Ciclina D2/biossíntese , Ciclina D2/genética , Metilação de DNA , DNA de Neoplasias/genética , DNA de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Ontologia Genética , Código das Histonas , Histonas/metabolismo , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiplo/classificação , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Plasmócitos/metabolismo , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-maf/genética , Translocação Genética
6.
Ann Hematol ; 99(11): 2715-2717, 2020 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32671454
8.
Cancer Genet ; 242: 35-40, 2020 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32035866

RESUMO

In multiple myeloma (MM), MYC rearrangements that result in increased MYC expression are associated with an aggressive form of MM and adverse outcome. However, the consequences of MYC amplification in MM remain unclear. Here, we describe an unusual case of plasma cell leukemia (PCL) harboring MYC amplification on double minute chromosomes (dmin). A 79-year-old woman was initially diagnosed as having BJP-κ type MM with bone lesions. After seven months, the disease progressed to secondary PCL: leukocytes 49.1 × 109/L with 77% plasma cells showing lymphoplasmacytic appearance. The bone marrow was infiltrated with 76% plasma cells immunophenotypically positive for CD38 and negative for CD45, CD19, CD20, and CD56. The karyotype by G-banding and spectral karyotyping was 48,XX,der(14)t(11;14)(q13;q32),+der(14)t(14;19)(q32;q13.1),+18,6~95dmin[15]/46,XX[5]. Fluorescence in situ hybridization detected multiple MYC signals on dmin and double IGH/CCND1 fusion signals on der(14)t(11;14) and der(14)t(14;19). Most plasma cells were diffusely and strongly positive for MYC and CCND1 by immunohistochemistry. The patient died of progressive disease after one week. MYC amplification led to high expression of MYC and rapid disease progression, indicating its clinical significance in the pathogenesis of MM/PCL. MYC amplification on dmin may be a very rare genetic event closely associated with the progression to PCL and coexistence of IGH/CCND1 fusions.


Assuntos
Herança Extracromossômica , Amplificação de Genes , Genes myc , Leucemia Plasmocitária/genética , Mieloma Múltiplo/genética , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/genética , Idoso , Medula Óssea/patologia , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Bandeamento Cromossômico , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/ultraestrutura , Progressão da Doença , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Duplicação Gênica , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Leucemia Plasmocitária/patologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Translocação Genética
10.
Exp Hematol ; 57: 42-49.e1, 2018 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29030084

RESUMO

The genetic abnormalities underlying multiple myeloma (MM) are notoriously complex and intraclonal heterogeneity is a common disease feature. In the current study, we describe the establishment of a monoclonal immunoglobulin A (IgA) kappa (κ) MM cell line designated MC-B11/14. Cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses of the original and relapse patient samples revealed that the MM clone was nonhyperdiploid and possessed an 11;14 chromosomal translocation. The MC-B11/14 cell line, established from the relapse sample, is tetraploid and houses the t(11;14) abnormality. Given our long-standing interest in Ig function and secretion, we next used CRISPR technology to knock out IgA heavy-chain expression in the MC-B11/14 cells to assess the biological consequences of converting this cell line to one only expressing κ light chains. As expected, secretion of intact IgA was undetectable from MC-B11/14IgA- cells. Sensitivity to pomalidomide treatment was similar between the MC-B11/14WT and MC-B11/14IgA- cells; however, MC-B11/14IgA- cells were found to be significantly more resistant to bortezomib treatment. This study describes the establishment of a new human MM cell line tool with which to study disease biology and the use of CRISPR technology to create a potentially useful model with which to study MM light-chain escape.


Assuntos
Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Inativação de Genes , Genes de Imunoglobulinas , Imunoglobulina A/genética , Cadeias Pesadas de Imunoglobulinas/genética , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Sequência de Bases , Transplante de Medula Óssea , Bortezomib/administração & dosagem , Bortezomib/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/metabolismo , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/ultraestrutura , Terapia Combinada , Evolução Fatal , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Cadeias kappa de Imunoglobulina/biossíntese , Cadeias kappa de Imunoglobulina/genética , Imunofenotipagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiplo/terapia , Proteínas do Mieloma/biossíntese , Proteínas do Mieloma/genética , Alinhamento de Sequência , Tetraploidia , Talidomida/análogos & derivados , Talidomida/farmacologia , Translocação Genética
13.
Endocr Relat Cancer ; 22(6): 953-67, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26400872

RESUMO

Overexpression of insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a hallmark of adrenocortical carcinomas and pheochromocytomas. Previous studies investigating the IGF2/H19 locus have mainly focused on a single molecular level such as genomic alterations or altered DNA methylation levels and the causal changes underlying IGF2 overexpression are still not fully established. In the current study, we analyzed 62 tumors of the adrenal gland from patients with Conn's adenoma (CA, n=12), pheochromocytomas (PCC, n=10), adrenocortical benign tumors (ACBT, n=20), and adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC, n=20). Gene expression, somatic copy number variation of chr11p15.5, and DNA methylation status of three differential methylated regions of the IGF2/H19 locus including the H19 imprinting control region were integratively analyzed. IGF2 overexpression was found in 85% of the ACCs and 100% of the PCCs compared to 23% observed in CAs and ACBTs. Copy number aberrations of chr11p15.5 were abundant in both PCCs and ACCs but while PCCs retained a diploid state, ACCs were frequently tetraploid (7/19). Loss of either a single allele or loss of two alleles of the same parental origin in tetraploid samples resulted in a uniparental disomy-like genotype. These copy number changes correlated with hypermethylation of the H19 ICR suggesting that the lost alleles were the unmethylated maternal alleles. Our data provide conclusive evidence that loss of the maternal allele correlates with IGF2 overexpression in adrenal tumors and that hypermethylation of the H19 ICR is a consequence thereof.


Assuntos
Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/genética , Adenoma Adrenocortical/genética , Carcinoma/genética , Metilação de DNA , Dosagem de Genes , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like II/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Feocromocitoma/genética , Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/metabolismo , Adenoma Adrenocortical/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Alelos , Carcinoma/metabolismo , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Impressão Genômica , Genótipo , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like II/biossíntese , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Feocromocitoma/metabolismo , Ploidias , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Regulação para Cima
14.
Br J Haematol ; 171(4): 574-84, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26205622

RESUMO

Infant T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (iT-ALL) is a very rare and poorly defined entity with a poor prognosis. We assembled a unique series of 13 infants with T-ALL, which allowed us to identify genotypic abnormalities and to investigate prenatal origins. Matched samples (diagnosis/remission) were analysed by single nucleotide polymorphism-array to identify genomic losses and gains. In three cases, we identified a recurrent somatic deletion on chromosome 3. These losses result in the complete deletion of MLF1 and have not previously been described in T-ALL. We observed two cases with an 11p13 deletion (LMO2-related), one of which also harboured a deletion of RB1. Another case presented a large 11q14·1-11q23·2 deletion that included ATM and only five patients (38%) showed deletions of CDKN2A/B. Four cases showed NOTCH1 mutations; in one case FBXW7 was the sole mutation and three cases showed alterations in PTEN. KMT2A rearrangements (KMT2A-r) were detected in three out of 13 cases. For three patients, mutations and copy number alterations (including deletion of PTEN) could be backtracked to birth using neonatal blood spot DNA, demonstrating an in utero origin. Overall, our data indicates that iT-ALL has a diverse but distinctive profile of genotypic abnormalities when compared to T-ALL in older children and adults.


Assuntos
Genótipo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células T Precursoras/genética , Idade de Início , Aneuploidia , Sequência de Bases , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 3/ultraestrutura , Metilação de DNA , DNA de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Feminino , Doenças Fetais/genética , Deleção de Genes , Dosagem de Genes , Genes Neoplásicos , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células T Precursoras/embriologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células T Precursoras/epidemiologia , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Proteínas/genética , Deleção de Sequência
15.
PLoS One ; 10(6): e0130900, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26102360

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Individuals carrying rare, but biologically informative genetic variants provide a unique opportunity to model major mental illness and inform understanding of disease mechanisms. The rarity of such variations means that their study involves small group numbers, however they are amongst the strongest known genetic risk factors for major mental illness and are likely to have large neural effects. DISC1 (Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1) is a gene containing one such risk variant, identified in a single Scottish family through its disruption by a balanced translocation of chromosomes 1 and 11; t(1;11) (q42.1;q14.3). METHOD: Within the original pedigree, we examined the effects of the t(1;11) translocation on white matter integrity, measured by fractional anisotropy (FA). This included family members with (n = 7) and without (n = 13) the translocation, along with a clinical control sample of patients with psychosis (n = 34), and a group of healthy controls (n = 33). RESULTS: We report decreased white matter integrity in five clusters in the genu of the corpus callosum, the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, acoustic radiation and fornix. Analysis of the mixed psychosis group also demonstrated decreased white matter integrity in the above regions. FA values within the corpus callosum correlated significantly with positive psychotic symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that the t(1;11) translocation is associated with reduced white matter integrity in frontal commissural and association fibre tracts. These findings overlap with those shown in affected patients with psychosis and in DISC1 animal models and highlight the value of rare but biologically informative mutations in modeling psychosis.


Assuntos
Transtorno Bipolar/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 1/genética , Transtorno Ciclotímico/genética , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/genética , Imagem de Tensor de Difusão , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Esquizofrenia/genética , Translocação Genética , Substância Branca/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Transtorno Bipolar/patologia , Cromossomos Humanos Par 1/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Corpo Caloso/patologia , Transtorno Ciclotímico/patologia , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/patologia , Éxons/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/deficiência , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/fisiologia , Esquizofrenia/patologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto Jovem
16.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol ; 34(1): 44-8, 2015 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25289481

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This is a case of a prenatally diagnosed non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) associated with translocation t(5;11)(q22;p15). An association between NIHF and this translocation has not been reported previously. CASE REPORT: The patient was referred to the perinatology clinic with hydrops fetalis diagnosis at 23 weeks' gestation. We noted that the fetus had bilateral pleural effusion, ascites, widespread subcutaneous edema, membranous ventricular septal defect, hypoplastic fifth finger middle phalanx, clinodactyly, single umbilical artery. We performed cordocentesis. Chromosomal analysis on blood showed a balanced translocation between the long arm of chromosome 5 and the short arm of chromosome 11 with karyotype of 46,XX,t(5;11)(q22;p15). CONCLUSION: We present prenatal diagnosis of a de novo translocation (5;11) in a hydropic fetus with ultrason abnormalities. In our case, karyotype analysis of the fetus, mother and father provided evidence of a de novo translocation, that might explain the NIHF.


Assuntos
Aberrações Cromossômicas , Hidropisia Fetal/genética , Translocação Genética , Adulto , Ascite/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 5/ultraestrutura , Cordocentese , Feminino , Morte Fetal , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Cariotipagem , Masculino , Derrame Pleural/genética , Gravidez , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal
17.
BMC Cell Biol ; 15: 22, 2014 Jun 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24923307

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Characterizing the nuclear orientation of chromosomes in the three-dimensional (3D) nucleus by multicolor banding (mBANDing) is a new approach towards understanding nuclear organization of chromosome territories. An mBANDing paint is composed of multiple overlapping subchromosomal probes that represent different regions of a single chromosome. In this study, we used it for the analysis of chromosome orientation in 3D interphase nuclei. We determined whether the nuclear orientation of the two chromosome 11 homologs was random or preferential, and if it was conserved between diploid mouse Pre B lymphocytes of BALB/c origin and primary B lymphocytes of congenic [T38HxBALB/c]N wild-type mice. The chromosome orientation was assessed visually and through a semi-automated quantitative analysis of the radial and angular orientation patterns observed in both B cell types. RESULTS: Our data indicate that there are different preferential patterns of chromosome 11 orientation, which are not significantly different between both mouse cell types (p > 0.05). In the most common case for both cell types, both copies of chromosome 11 were oriented in parallel with the nuclear border. The second most common pattern in both types of B lymphocytes was with one homolog of chromosome 11 positioned with its telomeric end towards the nuclear center and with its centromeric end towards the periphery, while the other chromosome 11 was found parallel with the nuclear border. In addition to these two most common orientations present in approximately 50% of nuclei from each cell type, other orientations were observed at lower frequencies. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that there are probabilistic, non-random orientation patterns for mouse chromosome 11 in the mouse B lymphocytes we investigated (p < 0.0001).


Assuntos
Linfócitos B/citologia , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Animais , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Humanos , Interfase , Metáfase , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C
20.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 61(6): 1107-10, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24281971

RESUMO

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is a disease of older adults. Pediatric CLL/SLL is vanishingly rare in the literature. We present a case of CLL/SLL diagnosed in a 17-year-old male. The pathologic findings of this case were those of classic CLL/SLL with an ATM deletion, a characteristic genetic abnormality in CLL/SLL. Management guidelines for CLL/SLL are tailored to older adults making determination of the optimal therapy for this patient a unique challenge.


Assuntos
Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/ultraestrutura , Cromossomos Humanos Par 8/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 8/ultraestrutura , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Dosagem de Genes , Genes myc , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/epidemiologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/genética , Linfonodos/patologia , Masculino , Deleção de Sequência
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