Characterization of cutaneous lesions caused by natural tick infestation in cattle.

Although tick infestation is a significant health problem in livestock, there are limited studies on the dermatopathological aspects of natural tick infestation in cattle. This study aimed to describe the gross and histologic aspects of cutaneous lesions caused by tick infestation in cattle. Thirteen cases were selected based on necropsy data from a 10-year retrospective study. Predispositions were observed in beef cattle (P = .049) and the Angus breed (P = .012), and lesions occurred mainly in the fall (P = .007). Gross lesions included hypotrichosis (13/13; 100%), scales (12/13; 92%), alopecia (11/13; 85%), ulcers (7/13; 54%), crusts (7/13; 54%), and erosions (2/13; 15%). These gross lesions were mainly located in the thorax (12/13; 92%), head (11/13; 85%), abdomen (10/13; 77%), neck (9/13; 69%), limbs (9/13; 69%), and perineum (9/13; 69%). Histologically, all cases had ticks adhered to the epidermis with erosions (13/13; 100%), ulcers (11/13; 85%), orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis (13/13; 100%), irregular acanthosis (13/13; 100%), intraepidermal pustules (13/13; 100%), crusts (10/13; 77%), and ballooning degeneration (4/13; 31%). In the dermis, just below the tick insertion site, there was coagulation necrosis, fibrin deposition, and inflammatory infiltrate composed of mixed cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, and few eosinophils) (9/13; 69%), neutrophils (3/13; 23%), or eosinophils (1/13; 8%). This study reinforces the different patterns of cutaneous lesions caused by tick infestation in cattle, which should be considered as a potential cause of dermatitis in this species.

First report on feline leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in Amazonian Brazil.

In the present study, we reported the natural infection by Leishmania sp. in a domestic cat, in which the amastigote forms of the parasite were observed within a lesion on its ear-tip. Fragment of the lesion was obtained and cultured in NNN medium, and PCR-RFLP analysis of the isolated sample was performed, which revealed that the profile was compatible with Leishmania (L.) amazonensis. This is the first proven case of a cat infected by L. (L.) amazonensis reported in Belém city, Pará state, northern Brazil.

Emerging infections: mimickers of common patterns seen in dermatopathology.

The following discussion deals with three emerging infection diseases that any dermatopathologist working in the northern hemisphere can come across. The first subject to be dealt with is gnathostomiasis. This parasitic disease is produced by the third larvarial stage of the parasite that in most patients is associated with the ingestion of raw fish. Epidemiologically, it is most commonly seen in South East Asia, Japan, China, and the American continent, mainly in Mexico, Ecuador, and Peru. Nowadays, the disease is also seen in travelers living in the developed countries who recently came back from visiting endemic countries. The disease produces a pattern of migratory panniculitis or dermatitis with infiltration of eosinophils in tissue. The requirements for making the diagnosis are provided, including clinical forms, common histological findings on skin biopsy as well as the use of ancillary testing. Buruli ulcer, a prevalent mycobacterial infection in Africa, is described from the clinical and histopathological point of view. The disease has been described occasionally in Central and South America as well as in developed countries such as Australia and Japan; Buruli ulcer has also been described in travelers returning from endemic areas. Clinically, the disease is characterized by large, painless ulcerations with undermined borders. Systemic symptoms are usually absent. Classical histological findings include a particular type of fat necrosis and the presence of abundant acid fast bacilli in tissue. Such findings should raise the possibility of this disease, with the purpose of early therapeutically intervention. Lastly, the infection by free living ameba Balamuthia mandrillaris, an emerging condition seen in the US and Peru, is extensively discussed. Special attention is given to clinical and histological characteristics, as well as to the clues for early diagnosis and the tools available for confirmation.

Diagnosis of fungal and parasitic dermatopathies in dogs and cats of Paraíba state, Brazil / Diagnóstico de dermatopatias fúngicas e parasitárias em cães e gatos na Paraíba, Brasil

This study aimed to diagnose fungal and parasitic dermatopathies, describing its casuistry in dogs and cats at the Veterinary Hospital (VH) of the Instituto Federal da Paraíba (IFPB), Sousa, Paraíba. The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases (LIID) and at the Small Animal Medical Clinic (SAMC), VH/IFPB, Sousa, Paraíba, Brazil. Fifty-eight animals with skin lesions, including 41 dogs and 17 cats, were evaluated. Samples from the lesions were processed, resulting in 12.2% (5/41) of dogs testing positive for dermatophytes; 60% (3/5) of those cases were confirmed with Microsporum canis infections. For scabies, 24.4% (10/ 41) of dogs tested positive; of these, 80% (8/10, p≤0.05) had Demodex canis infections. In cats, 17.6% (3/17) were positive for dermatophytes; of these, 67% (2/3) were confirmed to have Microsporum gypseum infections. The positive testing rate for scabies in cats was 17.6% (3/17); of these, 67% (2/3) were Notoedres cati infections. In one cat, a concomitant infection was found witha dermatophyte (M. gypseum) and scabies (N. cati). It was concluded that the occurrence of dermatopathies is high at the SAMC/VH/IFPB. The main dermatophytes found were M. canis in dogs and M. gypseum in cats, and the most frequent scabies were D. canis in dogs and N. cati in cats.(AU)

O objetivo desse trabalho foi diagnosticar as dermatopatias fúngicas e parasitárias, descrevendo a casuística dessas enfermidades em cães e gatos no Hospital Veterinário do Instituto Federal da Paraíba IFPB, campus Sousa, Paraíba-PB.O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Imunologia e Doenças Infectocontagiosas LIDIC e na Clínica Médica de Pequenos Animais - CMPA, HV/IFPB. Foram avaliados 58 animais, sendo 41 cães e 17 gatos. As amostras coletadas para as análises laboratoriais foram pelos e crostas das lesões. Obtiveram-se 12,2% (5/41) dos cães positivos para dermatófitos, destes, 60% (3/5) para Microsporum canis. Para sarnas, 24,4% (10/41) dos cães foram positivos, em 80% (8/10; p≤0,05) a infestação era por Demodex canis. Nos gatos, 17,6% (3/17) foram positivos para dermatófitos, destes, 67% (2/3) Microsporum gypseum. A positividade para sarnas em gatos foi 17,6% (3/17), destes, 67% (2/3) para Notoedres cati. Em apenas um felino foi encontrada infecção concomitante entre dermatófito (M. gypseum) e sarna (N.cati). Concluiu-se que é alta a casuística de dermatopatias na CMPA/HV/IFPB. O principal dermatófito encontrado em cães foi M. canis e em gatos M. gypseum. Dentre as sarnas Demodex spp. foi a mais frequente para cães e Notoedres sp. para gatos.(AU)

Diagnosis of fungal and parasitic dermatopathies in dogs and cats of Paraíba state, Brazil / Diagnóstico de dermatopatias fúngicas e parasitárias em cães e gatos na Paraíba, Brasil

This study aimed to diagnose fungal and parasitic dermatopathies, describing its casuistry in dogs and cats at the Veterinary Hospital (VH) of the Instituto Federal da Paraíba (IFPB), Sousa, Paraíba. The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases (LIID) and at the Small Animal Medical Clinic (SAMC), VH/IFPB, Sousa, Paraíba, Brazil. Fifty-eight animals with skin lesions, including 41 dogs and 17 cats, were evaluated. Samples from the lesions were processed, resulting in 12.2% (5/41) of dogs testing positive for dermatophytes; 60% (3/5) of those cases were confirmed with Microsporum canis infections. For scabies, 24.4% (10/ 41) of dogs tested positive; of these, 80% (8/10, p≤0.05) had Demodex canis infections. In cats, 17.6% (3/17) were positive for dermatophytes; of these, 67% (2/3) were confirmed to have Microsporum gypseum infections. The positive testing rate for scabies in cats was 17.6% (3/17); of these, 67% (2/3) were Notoedres cati infections. In one cat, a concomitant infection was found witha dermatophyte (M. gypseum) and scabies (N. cati). It was concluded that the occurrence of dermatopathies is high at the SAMC/VH/IFPB. The main dermatophytes found were M. canis in dogs and M. gypseum in cats, and the most frequent scabies were D. canis in dogs and N. cati in cats.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi diagnosticar as dermatopatias fúngicas e parasitárias, descrevendo a casuística dessas enfermidades em cães e gatos no Hospital Veterinário do Instituto Federal da Paraíba – IFPB, campus Sousa, Paraíba-PB.O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Imunologia e Doenças Infectocontagiosas – LIDIC e na Clínica Médica de Pequenos Animais - CMPA, HV/IFPB. Foram avaliados 58 animais, sendo 41 cães e 17 gatos. As amostras coletadas para as análises laboratoriais foram pelos e crostas das lesões. Obtiveram-se 12,2% (5/41) dos cães positivos para dermatófitos, destes, 60% (3/5) para Microsporum canis. Para sarnas, 24,4% (10/41) dos cães foram positivos, em 80% (8/10; p≤0,05) a infestação era por Demodex canis. Nos gatos, 17,6% (3/17) foram positivos para dermatófitos, destes, 67% (2/3) Microsporum gypseum. A positividade para sarnas em gatos foi 17,6% (3/17), destes, 67% (2/3) para Notoedres cati. Em apenas um felino foi encontrada infecção concomitante entre dermatófito (M. gypseum) e sarna (N.cati). Concluiu-se que é alta a casuística de dermatopatias na CMPA/HV/IFPB. O principal dermatófito encontrado em cães foi M. canis e em gatos M. gypseum. Dentre as sarnas Demodex spp. foi a mais frequente para cães e Notoedres sp. para gatos.

Atualização terapêutica em demodiciose canina: revisão de literatura e relato de caso / Therapeutic update on canine demodicosis: literature review and case report / Actualización terapéutica en la demodiciose canina: revisión de la literatura y reporte de un caso

Dentre os temas mais abrangentes em dermatologia veterinária, a sarna demodécica ganha um grande destaque devido sua elevada ocorrência em cães. O ácaro Demodex canis faz parte da microbiota normal da pele canina e sua proliferação pode iniciar devido a um distúrbio genético e imunológico, sendo a apresentação generalizada a manifestação mais grave da doença, resultando em um tratamento frequente e extenso. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar o êxito e a eficácia do medicamento NexGard® (afoxolaner) no enfoque terapêutico de um cão com longo histórico de demodiciose generalizada e pouca resposta aos fármacos acaricidas tradicionalmente utilizados. Ainda, trazer a informação de que esta medicação, recentemente introduzida no mercado veterinário para controle de pulgas e carrapatos, se mostra promissora no tratamento da demodiciose canina. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, ficou demonstrado que o novo tratamento foi satisfatório, seguro e conveniente com melhora visível na condição clínica final, sem evidências de efeitos adversos.

Among one the broadest subjects in veterinary dermatology, demodectic mange is a huge feature because of its high incidence in dogs. The mite Demodex canis is part of the skin of the animal and its proliferation can start due to a genetic and immune disorder and it comes to the point that the generalized manifestation it is the most dangerous, resulting in a long term and frequent treatment. The goal of this study is to show the success and efficiency of this medicine NexGard® (afoxolaner) in a dog with a huge historic of generalized demodicosis and low answer to the acaricidis medicines traditionally used. Still, brings the information that this medication, recently introduced in the veterinary market for the control of fleas and ticks, it has been showing success in the treatment of canine demodicosis. According to the obtained results, it was proven that the new treatment was satisfactory, secure and convenient, with a visible improvement in the final clinical tests without evidences of side effects.

Entre los temas más amplios en la dermatología veterinaria, la sarna demodecica gana un gran espacio por su elevada ocurrencía en perros. Elácaro Demodex Canis es parte de la flora normal de la piel canina y su proliferación puede comentar debido a un disturbio genético y inmunológico, siendo así la presencia generalizada la etapa más grave de la enfermedad, resultando en un tratamiento frecuente y extenso. La finalidad de este estudio es demostrar el éxito y la eficacia del medicamento NexGard® (afoxolaner) en el enfoque terapéutico en um perro con un largo histórico de demodiciose generalizada y poca reacción a los medicamentos acaricidas tradicionalmente utilizados. Todavía, traer la información de que este medicamento, que fue introducido hace poco tiempo en el mercado veterinario para el control de las pulgas y garrapatos, se muestra prometedor con el tratamiento de la demodiciose canina. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, podemos afirmar que el nuevo tratamiento fue satisfactorio, seguro y conveniente con visible mejora en la condición clínica final, sin evidencias de efectos adversos.

Atualização terapêutica em demodiciose canina: revisão de literatura e relato de caso / Therapeutic update on canine demodicosis: literature review and case report / Actualización terapéutica en la demodiciose canina: revisión de la literatura y reporte de un caso

Dentre os temas mais abrangentes em dermatologia veterinária, a sarna demodécica ganha um grande destaque devido sua elevada ocorrência em cães. O ácaro Demodex canis faz parte da microbiota normal da pele canina e sua proliferação pode iniciar devido a um distúrbio genético e imunológico, sendo a apresentação generalizada a manifestação mais grave da doença, resultando em um tratamento frequente e extenso. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar o êxito e a eficácia do medicamento NexGard® (afoxolaner) no enfoque terapêutico de um cão com longo histórico de demodiciose generalizada e pouca resposta aos fármacos acaricidas tradicionalmente utilizados. Ainda, trazer a informação de que esta medicação, recentemente introduzida no mercado veterinário para controle de pulgas e carrapatos, se mostra promissora no tratamento da demodiciose canina. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, ficou demonstrado que o novo tratamento foi satisfatório, seguro e conveniente com melhora visível na condição clínica final, sem evidências de efeitos adversos.(AU)

Among one the broadest subjects in veterinary dermatology, demodectic mange is a huge feature because of its high incidence in dogs. The mite Demodex canis is part of the skin of the animal and its proliferation can start due to a genetic and immune disorder and it comes to the point that the generalized manifestation it is the most dangerous, resulting in a long term and frequent treatment. The goal of this study is to show the success and efficiency of this medicine NexGard® (afoxolaner) in a dog with a huge historic of generalized demodicosis and low answer to the acaricidis medicines traditionally used. Still, brings the information that this medication, recently introduced in the veterinary market for the control of fleas and ticks, it has been showing success in the treatment of canine demodicosis. According to the obtained results, it was proven that the new treatment was satisfactory, secure and convenient, with a visible improvement in the final clinical tests without evidences of side effects.(AU)

Entre los temas más amplios en la dermatología veterinaria, la sarna demodecica gana un gran espacio por su elevada ocurrencía en perros. Elácaro Demodex Canis es parte de la flora normal de la piel canina y su proliferación puede comentar debido a un disturbio genético y inmunológico, siendo así la presencia generalizada la etapa más grave de la enfermedad, resultando en un tratamiento frecuente y extenso. La finalidad de este estudio es demostrar el éxito y la eficacia del medicamento NexGard® (afoxolaner) en el enfoque terapéutico en um perro con un largo histórico de demodiciose generalizada y poca reacción a los medicamentos acaricidas tradicionalmente utilizados. Todavía, traer la información de que este medicamento, que fue introducido hace poco tiempo en el mercado veterinario para el control de las pulgas y garrapatos, se muestra prometedor con el tratamiento de la demodiciose canina. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, podemos afirmar que el nuevo tratamiento fue satisfactorio, seguro y conveniente con visible mejora en la condición clínica final, sin evidencias de efectos adversos.(AU)

Cutaneous pythiosis in a goat.

Pythiosis is reported for the first time in a goat. The affected goat had daily access to an aquatic environment and had developed an ulcerative lesion on the skin of the left hindlimb. Microscopically, there were dermal pyogranulomas with 'negatively stained' hyphae, which were identified immunohistochemically as Pythium insidiosum.

ß-Lapachone: a naphthoquinone with promising antischistosomal properties in mice.

The activity of ß-lapachone (3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphthol[1,2-b]pyran-5,6-dione, ß-lap) against different stages of Schistosoma mansoni was investigated in mice. Mice infected with 50 cercariae (BH strain) were intraperitoneally treated at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days, starting on the 1st, 14th, 28th and 45th days after infection, to evaluate the effect of ß-lap on skin schistosomula, lung schistosomula, young worms (before oviposition) and adult worms (after oviposition), respectively. All animals were euthanized 60 days after infection. ß-Lap significantly reduced (p<0.001) the number of worms in 29.78%, 37.2%, 24.2% and 40.22% when administered during the phases of skin schistosomula, lung schistosomula, young worms and adult worms, respectively. Significant reduction was also achieved in terms of female burden. In all groups, there was significant reduction in the number of eggs and granulomas in the hepatic tissue. When the intervention was performed during the phase of adult worms, ß-lap reduced the size of hepatic granulomas and changed the oogram pattern, lowering the percentage of immature eggs and increasing the percentage of mature and dead eggs. Our data indicate that ß-lap has moderate antischistosomal properties. Its molecule may also be used as a prototype for synthesis of new naphthoquinone derivatives with potential schistosomicidal properties. Further studies with different formulations containing ß-lap are needed to clearly establish the best dose and route of administration and its mechanism of action against schistosomes.

Uso da cianobactéria spirulina associado ao amitraz no tratamento da demodiciose canina generalizada juvenil / Use of Cyanobacterium Spirulina Associated with Amitraz to Treatment in Juvenile Generalized Canine Demodiciosis

Background: The canine demodicosis (CD) is a parasitic skin disease of inflammatory, non-contagious, caused by excessive proliferation in hair follicles and sebaceous glands of a specific skin mite, Demodex canis. It is often seen in purebred dogs and short hair, and there was no gender bias. It is multifactorial, however, the juvenile form arises due to immunosuppression of cellular immunity and a hereditary predisposition, one of the most common skin disease in the veterinary clinic, especially in tropical and subtropical regions, where it tends to follow a more aggressive course. The cyanobacterium Spirulina is an aquatic microorganism that contains a huge amount of essential nutrients and bioavailable to the body, widely used in the world because of its nutritional richness and character immunostimulant, revealed in research. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of adding the cyanobacterium Spirulina in the treatment of young dogs suffering from generalized demodicosis. Material, Methods & Results: We used ten dogs with canine demodiciosis widespread youth, confirmed by the distributive pattern of injuries and the parasitologic cutaneos scraping (EPRC). The animals were divided into two experimental groups denominated GS (group spirulina) and CG (control group) of equal number (n = 5), where the fi rst (GS) received daily oral spirulina and baths weekly with amitraz for 90 days. For the animals of GC was adopted the same protocol for GS, but without the addition of spirulina. Hematologic evaluations were performed and serum biochemistry in three stages, the first before the application of design (M0) and the other every 45 days (M1 and M2). The animals were submitted to clinical and parasite every 15 days, the cure parasitic determined by obtaining three negative EPRC at intervals of 15 days between them. After discharge, the animals were followed for one year for any finding of recurrence. The dogs of the GS group (100%) had complete remission of clinical signs in an average of 52 days and parasitological cure obtained at 70 ± 5 days, with no history of relapses over a year. In the control group dogs had only three parasitologic cure within described in method (80 ± 5 days) while healing was clinically observed in 80% of the dogs at an average time of 64 days. As regards the hematology indices were observed changes in the hematocrit (Ht) CG and VCM (mean corpuscular volume) in both groups. In total leukocyte count was observed a demonstration of leukocytosis in isolade M0/GS. There was no change on the biochemical variables studied. Discussion: From the data obtained can be seen that the group that received Spirulina (GS) showed a high clinical and parasitological recovery (EPRC) earlier and more effective (52 days and 70 ± 5 days), respectively, when compared to dogs in the control group (GC). However, no observation of persistence of low hematimetric GS group, as well as the rapid recovery clinical and parasitological may have been determined by the addition of spirulina therapy control on the DCG juvenile animals studied, since it has large amount of nutrients available to the organism itself and its immunostimulating properties. However, it is necessary to adopt more organic indicators for reasons of greater benefi ts, especially as regards the immunological entities. Thus we can conclude that spirulina determined earlier recovery of affected patients DCG youth, and there was no any change clinical undesirable organic and commitment resulting from its chemical composition, revealing benefits as adjuvant therapy for the treatment of canine demodiciosis.

Tropical dermatology: Tropical diseases caused by protozoa.

UNLABELLED: Protozoan infections are very common among tropical countries and have an important impact on public health. Leishmaniasis is the most widely disseminated protozoan infection in the world, while the trypanosomiases are widespread in both Africa and South America. Amebiasis, a less common protozoal infection, is a cause of significant morbidity in some regions. Toxoplasmosis and pneumocystosis (formerly thought to be caused by a protozoan) are worldwide parasitic infections with a very high incidence in immunocompromised patients but are not restricted to them. In the past, most protozoan infections were restricted to specific geographic areas and natural reservoirs. There are cases in which people from other regions may have come in contact with these pathogens. A common situation involves an accidental contamination of a traveler, tourist, soldier, or worker that has contact with a reservoir that contains the infection. Protozoan infections can be transmitted by arthropods, such as sandflies in the case of leishmaniasis or bugs in the case of trypanosomiases. Vertebrates also serve as vectors as in the case of toxoplasmosis and its transmission by domestic cats. The recognition of the clinical symptoms and the dermatologic findings of these diseases, and a knowledge of the geographic distribution of the pathogen, can be critical in making the diagnosis of a protozoan infection. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After completing this learning activity, participants should be able to recognize the significance of protozoan infections worldwide, identify the dermatologic manifestations of protozoan infections, and select the best treatment for the patient with a protozoan infection.

Demodicose bovina: relato de caso / Bovine demodicosis: a case report

Amostras de tecidos colhidas à necropsia de uma vaca da raça Holandesa, nove anos de idade, foram fixadas em formol neutro a 10% e enviadas para exames histológicos. A macroscopia não revelou lesões nodulares cutâneas típicas de demodicose. Secções microscópicas de tegumento cutâneo da vulva evidenciaram ácaros (Demodex bovis) isolados ou em grupos no interior de folículos pilosos e glândulas sebáceas.(AU)

Tissues samples collected at necropsy from a 9 year-old Holstein cow were fixed in buffered 10% formalin for histological examination. Macroscopic finding did not reveal typical nodular cutaneous lesions. Vulvar microscopic sections of cutaneous tegument showed mites (Demodex bovis), alone and grouped in hair follicles and sebaceous glands.(AU)

Efficacy of a long-acting formulation of ivermectin against Psoroptes ovis (Hering, 1838) on cattle.

A study was conducted in cattle experimentally infested with Psoroptes ovis to compare the prophylactic control against P. ovis provided by a long-acting injectable formulation of ivermectin to that of a commercially available injectable formulation of doramectin. Thirty Holstein steers were used. Animals were allocated by restricted randomization based on Day 0 body weight, forming six replicates of five animals each. Within each replicate, one animal was randomly allocated to one of the following treatment groups, with ivermectin and doramectin administered subcutaneously where indicated: (1) untreated controls; (2) ivermectin long-acting injectable (LAI) 630 mcg/kg, 56 days before challenge; (3) ivermectin LAI 630 mcg/kg, 42 days before challenge; (4) ivermectin LAI 630 mcg/kg, 35 days before challenge; or (5) doramectin 200 mcg/kg, 35 days before challenge. Animals were housed in individual pens 1 week prior to treatment. All animals were experimentally infested with P. ovis mites in the area between the shoulders, on the same day. Live mites were counted in scrapings from mange lesions at 2 sites on each animal 14, 21 and 28 days after challenge. Live mites were found in 33, 67 and 83% of the untreated controls on each respective evaluation. No P. ovis mites were found in steers treated with ivermectin LAI. Those animals showed lower (P < 0.05) mite counts than untreated controls on evaluations conducted 21 and 28 days after challenge. These results indicate that the ivermectin long-acting injectable formulation prevents induced infestations by P. ovis for at least 56 days after treatment. Doramectin injectable formulation, used at 200 mcg/kg, did not have a prophylactic effect 35 days after treatment.

Flutuação sazonal de Dermatobia hominis em peles bovinas oriundas de matadouro / Seasonal fluctuation of Dermatobia hominis in bovine skins from a slaughterhouse

The effect of temperature, rainfall and relative humidity on the seasonal fluctuation of Dermatobia hominis was investigated by counting the parasitized skins of slaughtered cattle at the abattoir of Pirai county, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from November 1995 to October 1997. The higher incidence of parasitized skins was observed in November 1995 and December 1996. Secondary peaks were observed in March and May 1996 and March 1997. High percentage of parasitism in skins through the summer seasons was associated with mean temperatures of 25°C and rainfall of 200 mm. The larval populations declined in both years from June to October, probably due to low temperatures at an average between 21ºC and 22.5ºC, and to low rainfall (under 50 mm). In a total of 5,142 skins checked in the 2-year study, 2,710 skins (52.7%) were parasitized with D. hominis larvae.(AU)

Realizou-se o estudo do efeito da temperatura, precipitação pluviométrica e da umidade relativa sobre a flutuação sazonal de larvas de Dermatobia hominis em 5.142 peles de bovinos. As peles foram obtidas junto a um matadouro localizado no município de Piraí, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, durante o período de novembro de 1995 a outubro de 1997. Os maiores picos de peles parasitadas por berne foram observados em novembro de 1995 e dezembro de 1996. Picos menores de infestação foram observados nos meses de março e maio de 1996 e março de 1997, quando também foram observadas altas porcentagens de peles infestadas. O aumento na porcentagem de peles parasitadas acompanhou o aumento da temperatura média mensal, sendo que temperaturas iguais ou maiores que 25ºC se mostraram benéficas ao aumento na porcentagem de peles parasitadas, assim como a precipitação pluviométrica, onde observou-se que períodos de chuvas mensais acima de 200 mm3 favoreceram ao aumento da porcentagem de peles parasitadas. As menores porcentagens de peles parasitadas por berne foram observadas durante o período de junho a outubro de 1996 e de 1997, quando verificou-se temperaturas médias mensais variando entre 21ºC e 22,5ºC, sendo que estas não se mostraram favoráveis ao aumento na porcentagem de peles parasitadas, assim como, precipitações pluviométricas mensais menores que 50 mm3. Das 5.142 peles examinadas, 2.710 (52,7%) encontravam-se parasitadas pelo berne.(AU)

Larva migrans cutánea / Cutaneous larva migrans

Se describen 2 casos de Larva migrans cutánea. En ambos pacientes las lesiones aparecieron tras un viaje a una zona endémica y remitieron completamente tras tratamiento con tiabendazol tópico, sin mostrar recurrencias. Debido al aumento de viajes al extranjero es de esperar que se observe un mayor número de casos con esta patología, por lo que es preciso familiarizarse con su diagnóstico y tratamiento