The association between anthropometric indicators and colorectal polyps and diverticulosis

Introduction: Colonic polyps and diverticulosis are common colon findings on colonoscopy. One of the risk factors of colorectal polyps and diverticulosis is the anthropometric index. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between the anthropometric index and colorectal findings. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 536 patients referred to Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran, in 2023 for colonoscopy evaluation. Demographical data, clinical characteristics, and colonoscopy findings were recorded for further analysis. All data were analyzed using SPSS.16 by considering a significant level < 0.05. Results: The results showed that 35.4% of the patients had polyps, with the majority having a single polyp. The patient's mean age was 55.94 ± 13.33 years; most were females (54.1%). The most common type of polyp was pedunculated, and most were located in the sigmoid colon. The prevalence of diverticular was 11.4%, most of which were also located in the sigmoid colon. Obesity was significantly associated with an increased risk of polyps, while overweight individuals had a higher risk of diverticula (P < 0.05). Age, rural residence, and low physical activity level were identified as factors associated with an increased risk of polyps and diverticula. Conclusion: The findings suggest that obesity and overweight are risk factors for polyps and diverticula, respectively. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors and develop preventive strategies for colorectal diseases. These results support the need for preventive strategies and screening programs to reduce the risk of future colorectal lesions. (AU)

Hysteroscopic findings in patients with post-menstrual spotting with prior cesarean section.

OBJECTIVE: To identify uterine hysteroscopic findings among patients with prior cesarean section and whom had post-menstrual bleeding spotting type. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive and prospective study between June 2008 and December 2009 involving women admitted to our clinic in Ji-Paraná (RO), Brazil, and who complained of prolonged genital bleeding after menstrual period. A total of 20 women with the simultaneous following characteristics were selected: at least one prior cesarean section, aged between 18 and 45 years, no use of hormonal contraceptives, and no history of uterine surgery that could change the cavity anatomy. All participants underwent a hysteroscopic examination. RESULTS: During hysteroscopy, in 90% of the patients, the presence of a cesarean section scar was observed in the last third of the cervix. This scarring causes an anomaly in the uterine cavity anatomy, characterized by the viewing of an enlargement followed by a retraction of the anterior wall, which affords the presence of a pseudocavity with depth and lumen narrowing in variable degrees. Two patients did not present the pseudocavity. CONCLUSION: Pseudocavities in cesarean section scar are usually found in hysteroscopic examination of patients with prior cesarean section and abnormal uterine spotting.

Hysteroscopic findings in patients with post-menstrual spotting with prior cesarean section / Achados histeroscópicos em pacientes com sangramento pós-menstrual tipo escape com cesárea anterior

Objective: To identify uterine hysteroscopic findings among patients with prior cesarean section and whom had post-menstrual bleeding spotting type. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and prospective study between June 2008 and December 2009 involving women admitted to our clinic in Ji-Paraná (RO), Brazil, and who complained of prolonged genital bleeding after menstrual period. A total of 20 women with the simultaneous following characteristics were selected: at least one prior cesarean section, aged between 18 and 45 years, no use of hormonal contraceptives, and no history of uterine surgery that could change the cavity anatomy. All participants underwent a hysteroscopic examination. Results: During hysteroscopy, in 90% of the patients, the presence of a cesarean section scar was observed in the last third of the cervix. This scarring causes an anomaly in the uterine cavity anatomy, characterized by the viewing of an enlargement followed by a retraction of the anterior wall, which affords the presence of a pseudocavity with depth and lumen narrowing in variable degrees. Two patients did not present the pseudocavity. Conclusion: Pseudocavities in cesarean section scar are usually found in hysteroscopic examination of patients with prior cesarean section and abnormal uterine spotting.

Objetivo: Identificar os achados histeroscópicos uterino em grupo de pacientes com operação cesariana anterior e sangramento pós-menstrual tipo escape. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo e prospectivo, com mulheres que compareceram em consultório em Ji-Paraná (RO), entre junho de 2008 e dezembro de 2009, com queixa de sangramento genital prolongado tipo escape após período menstrual. Destas, foram selecionadas 20 mulheres que apresentavam, simultaneamente, as seguintes características: ao menos uma cesárea prévia; idade entre 18 e 45 anos; sem uso de método anticoncepcional hormonal; e ausência de qualquer outra cirurgia uterina capaz de alterar a anatomia da cavidade. As pacientes selecionadas foram submetidas a exame histeroscópico. Resultados: À histeroscopia, em 90% das pacientes, observou-se, no terço final do colo, a presença da cicatriz de cesárea. Essa cicatriz causa, no interior da cavidade uterina, uma anomalia em sua anatomia, caracterizada pela visualização, na parede anterior, de uma dilatação seguida de retração, que proporciona a presença de pseudocavidade com profundidade e oclusão da luz em graus variáveis. Já em duas pacientes, não foi detectada a pseudocavidade. Conclusão: A pseudocavidade na cicatriz da cesariana é o achado mais freqüente à observação histeroscópica em pacientes com cesárea prévia e sangramento uterino anormal pós-menstrual tipo escape.

Divertículos duodenais: peculiaridades da CPER, incidência e afecções associadas / Duodenal diverticulum: peculiarities of the ERCP, incidence, and associated diseases

Introdução: Divertículos duodenais ocorrem em 1 a 20 por cento das duodenoscopias e carecterizam-se por saculações das camadas mucosa e muscular mucosa através da parede duodenal. Pacientes e métodos: No período de 1º de janeiro de 1998 a 1º de janeiro de 2001 foram estudadas retrospectivamente 1.578 colangiopancreatografias endoscópicas retrógradas (CPER) realizadas no Serviço de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal do HC-FMUSP. Os laudos de CPER foram revisados mediante consulta do banco de dados do Serviço e preenchido protocolo com dados gerais, história, achados endoscópicos e colangiográficos, complicações e evolução. Resultados: O divertículo duodenal ocorreu em 108 pacientes (6,8 por cento). Dentre as indicações, a icterícia foi a mais comum (44,5 por cento). Em relação aos achados de colangiografia, a coledocolitíase ocorreu em 32 (29,6 por cento) pacientes. O insucesso da cateterização convencional ocorreu em nove (8,3 por cento) pacientes e, destes, a fistulopapilotomia obteve sucesso em seis (5,5 por cento). As complicações foram hemorragia (12,0 por cento) e perfuração retroduodenal (6,4 por cento). Conclusões: O divertículo peripapilar ocorre com maior frequência em pacientes idosos, acompanha-se de maior incidência de coledocolitíase e determina maior dificuldade técnica no acesso biliar

Diverticulosis yeyunoileal: revisión de la bibliografía nacional / Jejunoileal diverticulosis: argentinean bibliographic review

Antecedentes: Los divertículos yeyunoileales son poco frecuentes, se producen por aumento de la presión endoluminal, las rarísimas complicaciones son en orden decreciente la diverticulitis, la perforación, la obstrucción y la hemorragia. Objetivo: Se realiza una revisión de la casuística de los últimos 20 años. Lugar de aplicación: Se estudiaron los pacientes atendidos en los servicios de cirugía y coloproctología de los hospitales de comunidad de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Diseño: Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo. Método: Se registraron las manifestaciones clínicas y los procedimientos utilizados para diagnosticar esta patología. Se tomó en cuenta el tipo de cirugía utilizado. Resultados: De los 9 enfermos intervenidos por complicaciones la mortalidad fue del 11 por ciento y la morbilidad del 22 por ciento. Conclusiones: Esta rara afección se complica excepcionalmente. Cuando ocurren, estas complicaciones son graves. La resección del intestino delgado portador de los diverticulos patológicos constituye el tratamiento más seguro. Abstenerse de la cirugía ante los divertículos descubiertos en forma incidental

Diverticulosis yeyunoileal: revisión de la bibliografía nacional / Jejunoileal diverticulosis: argentinean bibliographic review

Antecedentes: Los divertículos yeyunoileales son poco frecuentes, se producen por aumento de la presión endoluminal, las rarísimas complicaciones son en orden decreciente la diverticulitis, la perforación, la obstrucción y la hemorragia. Objetivo: Se realiza una revisión de la casuística de los últimos 20 años. Lugar de aplicación: Se estudiaron los pacientes atendidos en los servicios de cirugía y coloproctología de los hospitales de comunidad de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Diseño: Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo. Método: Se registraron las manifestaciones clínicas y los procedimientos utilizados para diagnosticar esta patología. Se tomó en cuenta el tipo de cirugía utilizado. Resultados: De los 9 enfermos intervenidos por complicaciones la mortalidad fue del 11 por ciento y la morbilidad del 22 por ciento. Conclusiones: Esta rara afección se complica excepcionalmente. Cuando ocurren, estas complicaciones son graves. La resección del intestino delgado portador de los diverticulos patológicos constituye el tratamiento más seguro. Abstenerse de la cirugía ante los divertículos descubiertos en forma incidental (AU)

Divertículo duodenal / Duodenal diverticulum

El duodeno es el segundo sitio más común, luego del colon, para la presentación de los divertículos intestinales. Generalmente es asintomático y su hallazgoes incidental durante la cirugía. Puede manifestarsecon ictericia, por compresión extrínseca de la vía biliar o cálculos; así también puede presentarse comopancreatitis. La morbilidad puede ser producida por hemorragia o perforación, hallazgos documentados en 5 por ciento de los casos. El divertículo duodenal es causa poco frecuente de enfermedad del tracto digestivo. Su diagnóstico es accidental durante procedimientos diagnósticos como series gastroduodenales, colangiogramas, tomografías o endoscopías. La terapéutica médico-quirúrgica al tratamiento exclusivamente de las complicaciones. Para el endoscopista el divertículo periampular constituye un factor de riesgo durante el ERCP. Presentamos una revisión de los artículos más importantes que versan sobre el tema incluyendo frecuencia, epidemiología, métodos diagnósticos, tratamiento quirúrgico, morbilidad, mortalidad y pronóstico. Los aspectos considerados en este artículo orientan al clínico, cirujano, gastroenterólogo y endoscopista en su investigación diagnóstica

[Meckel's diverticulum. Study of 61 cases]. / Divertículo de Meckel. Estudio de 61 casos.

BACKGROUND: Meckel's diverticulum is a well known disease in children. The main clinical presentations are rectal bleeding and intestinal occlusion. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the frequency, main clinical symptoms, signs, complications, localization, histology and diagnosis in a population of mexican children. METHOD: We studied 61 children who were seen at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, during a period of 10 years. The age, sex, symptoms, complications, hematocrit, 99mTc-Pertechnetate scanning, histology, and localization of Meckel's diverticulum were analyzed in all of them. RESULTS: 15 children were female and 46 male (1:3). In infants the main clinical finding was rectal bleeding. Intestinal occlusion was the most common clinical expression in older children. Gastric mucosa was a common finding in the diverticulum of children with rectal bleeding in contrast to ileal mucosa in children with intestinal occlusion. 99mTc-pertechnetate scanning with previous administration of H2 blocking agent was the best diagnostic procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Meckel's diverticulum must be considered an emergency in children. Meckel's diverticulum, has to be ruled cut as in infants with significant bleeding, as well as in children with intestinal occlusion. The best method for diagnosis is 99mTc-pertechnetate scanning.

[Duodenal diverticula and its relations with choledocholithiasis]. / Divertículos duodenales y su relación con coledocolitiasis.

The incidence of duodenal diverticula was accomplished by four different methods (autopsy, post operative cholangiography, ERCP and upper gastrointestinal X rays); the relationship with common bile duct stones, also was analyzed. The study was developed in the José Joaquín Aguirre Clinic Hospital and Paula Jaraquemada Hospital. The lower incidence was 0.72% in autopsy group and the highest was 8% in patients diagnosed by ERCP. All the diverticula were unique and located in the second duodenal portion. A minimal difference in sex groups was encountered. We did'nt find a major incidence of choledocholithiasis in the population with duodenal diverticula.

Diverticulosis of the fallopian tubes

Diverticulosis of the fallopian tubes is uncommon, but is 9 times as common in Negro women of Jamaican origin as in Caucasian women living in Bristol. 58 examples were encountered in 918 hysterosalpingograms done in Kingston, Jamaica (426) and in Bristol (492) from 1968-1972. In 41 cases (71 per cent) diverticulosis was bilateral. There are several possible predisposing causes, of which infection, including tuberculosis, is the most important. The radiological appearances are distinctive, but, with the possible exception of tuberculosis, do not give any indication of cause. Infertility was the commonest clinical association of diverticulosis. Among infertile patients, hydrosalpinx and tubal obstruction were slightly commmoner in the presence of diverticulosis and the significance of this is discussed. Ectopic pregnancy is the most important associated condition and diverticulosis predisposes to its occurence. Hysterosalpingography is indicated following ectopic pregnancy to show whether there is diverticulosis to the contralateral tube, as this may influence prognosis and management (AU)