Assuntos
Criptococose/diagnóstico por imagem , Cryptococcus gattii/isolamento & purificação , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/microbiologia , Criptococose/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Criptococose/tratamento farmacológico , Criptococose/microbiologia , Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Fêmur/microbiologia , Florida , Fraturas Ósseas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fraturas Ósseas/microbiologia , Humanos , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Pulmão/microbiologia , Doenças Linfáticas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Doenças Linfáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Linfáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Linfáticas/microbiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RadiografiaRESUMO
In this review, the historical background of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytopathology is presented, with particular emphasis on the technical and cytopreparatory advances that have increased the sensitivity and accuracy of this technique. Normal cells, contaminants and nonneoplastic processes, including a broad spectrum of inflammatory conditions, are discussed. The role of central nervous system (CNS) cytopathology in the management of patients with leukemia and lymphoma is presented. This discussion includes the natural history, cytologic presentation and diagnostic pitfalls that are associated with these hematologic diseases.
Assuntos
Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/citologia , Leucemia/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Linfoma/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Adulto , Infecções Bacterianas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Cartilagem/citologia , Criança , Plexo Corióideo/citologia , Técnicas Citológicas , Epêndima/citologia , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , Leucócitos/citologia , Doenças Linfáticas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Granulomatose Linfomatoide/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Mieloma Múltiplo/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Micoses/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Viroses/líquido cefalorraquidianoRESUMO
Two foci of histologically verified mycosis fungoides were found in the left parietal region of a 45-year-old man with involvement of the brain during an exacerbation of leukemia. There was perivascular and diffuse infiltration with lymphoma-like cells and occasional giant (Lutzner) cells but no involvement of the meninges. Both before and after operation the CSF contained a few atypical lymphocytes and mononuclear cells, one of which showed ultrastructurally the deeply clefted nucleus of Sézary cells. Atypical cells were confirmed morphologically in the peripheral blood, as well as by cytochemical (beta-glucuronidase) and immunological (rosettes with SRBC) markers, after the postoperative leucocytosis had subsided. It is suggested that this CNS involvement during a leukemic conversion phase of mycosis fungoides is consistent with the Sézary syndrome.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Doenças Linfáticas/patologia , Micose Fungoide/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/citologia , Humanos , Doenças Linfáticas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Linfócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monócitos , Micose Fungoide/líquido cefalorraquidiano , SíndromeRESUMO
In the cerebrospinal fluid of 45 patients, 240 cytological examinations has been performed. Sixteen patients were investigated serially in the course of intrathecal methotrexate treatment. The different mechanisms of nuclear fragmentation, various types of cytoplasmic vacuoles and the features of the reticulo-histiocytic reactions due to methotrexate has been analyzed. The morphological changes caused by methotrexate are attributed to depend on the cell type and on its response to therapy.
