Reproduction traits of heterozygous myostatin knockout sows crossbred with homozygous myostatin knockout boars.

Few studies exist on homozygous myostatin gene mutant (MSTN-/- ) pigs, especially on their reproductive ability. We have previously shown that semen quality of homozygous MSTN-/- boars is comparable to that of wild type (WT). However, no data exist on the reproductive ability of heterozygous MSTN gene mutant (MSTN+/ - ) sows. The present study highlights showed that the heterozygous MSTN+/ - sows have delayed pubertal age than WT sows (255.80 ± 6.79 versus 191.10 ± 3.42, respectively). The number of services per pregnancy of heterozygous MSTN+/ - sows is significantly higher than that of WT sows (3.33 ± 0.43 versus 1.60 ± 0.25, respectively). Moreover, although heterozygous MSTN+/ - sows have natural reproduction ability, their litter size was significantly lower than that of WT sows (7.75 ± 0.44 versus 14.25 ± 0.60, respectively). Offsprings generated from heterozygous MSTN+/ - sow and homozygous MSTN-/- boar were genotyped with the PCR and sequencing method to detect myostatin mutation and to identify whether the piglets are homozygous MSTN-/- or heterozygous MSTN+/ - . The proportion of homozygous MSTN-/- piglets was significantly lower than that of heterozygous MSTN+/ - piglets (2.50 ± 0.35 versus 5.25 ± 0.60, respectively). Furthermore, none of the sows presented dystocia, and the phenotype of heterozygous MSTN+/ - piglets was normal. However, 10% homozygous MSTN-/- piglets died of dyspnoea within 2 hr after birth, 60% of homozygous MSTN-/- piglets showed large tongues, and 50% had umbilical hernias. In summary, this study for the first time reports the reproduction traits of heterozygous MSTN+/ - sows crossbred with homozygous MSTN-/- boars. This study will pave the way in a new direction for the breeding and development of super lean meat varieties in the future.

Neonatal airway obstruction due to a massive lingual foregut duplication cyst.

Foregut duplication cysts (FDCs) are rare malformations arising along primitively derived alimentary tract. Head and neck cases comprise 0.3% of all FDCs with 60% occurring in the oral cavity. We present a case of neonatal airway obstruction secondary to a prenatally diagnosed massive lingual FDC. Definitive treatment requires surgical excision. Histologically, the cysts are lined gastric and respiratory epithelium. FDC should be a consideration in prenatally diagnosed masses affecting the oral cavity.

Intestinal duplication in the tongue: embryological and radiological point of view.

Intestinal duplication in the tongue is a rare entity. Occurrence in the anterior part of the tongue is exceptional. We report an intestinal duplication in the tongue causing eating difficulties and discuss the accuracy of embryologic and histopathology knowledge as radiology. A transoral complete resection of the lesion was performed, without postoperative complications. There was no recurrence with a follow-up of 15 years.

Leiomyomatous Hamartomas of the Oral Cavity: Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Features of 4 Cases and Literature Review.

Objective. To present 4 new cases of oral leiomyomatous hamartomas (OLH), describing its clinical, microscopical, and immunohistochemical features, and a literature review. Methods. The OLH cases were retrieved from the files of 2 Brazilian and 1 Peruvian oral pathology services. Clinical data were obtained from the pathology reports. Microscopical features were reviewed, and immunohistochemical reactions were performed. A review of the English-language literature about OLH was done. Results. The sample was composed of 3 females (4-, 10-, and 15-year-old) and 1 male (3-year-old). Three cases affected the dorsum of the tongue and one the incisive papilla, and all presented sessile or pedunculated smooth nodules. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of varying-size fascicles of smooth muscle fibers in a fibrous connective tissue background. Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity of the smooth muscle bundles for myogenic markers. The English-language literature review revealed 38 OLH cases reported, most were congenital or diagnosed up to 5 years old. The main locations were tongue and anterior maxilla. Conclusions. Although OLH is a rare lesion, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of midline tongue or maxillary masses in newborns, infants, and youngsters.

Congenital lingual cyst: Expression of MUC protein and report of a new case.

Lingual congenital cysts are uncommon lesions that alter the functions of speech, swallowing and breathing when they have considerable dimension. They usually appear from birth and increase in size gradually in childhood and adolescence. While there are a considerable number of case reports, the nomenclature and origin of this lesion are controversial. Congenital lingual cysts are composed of an epithelial lining that can show heterogeneous histological features, such as globed, ciliated, squamous and parietal cells, while the wall presents mature connective tissue and eventually smooth muscle. In the present manuscript, we report a case of a congenital lingual cyst in a 13-year-old boy, as well as the immunoexpression of MUC family proteins (MUC-1 and MUC-5AC), hoping to provide data that will help to clarify the possible etiology of this lesion.

Oral foregut duplication cysts: A rare and fascinating congenital lesion. Case report and review of the literature.

Oral foregut duplication cysts are extremely rare lesions with approximately 57 cases reported. They are congenital cysts, located in the anterior or ventral tongue, and occur predominantly in males. They are lined by one or more types of epithelia which is limited to gastric, intestinal or respiratory epithelium. The differential diagnosis includes lymphangioma, hemangioma, ranula, epidermoid cyst, teratoma and less likely a malignant process.

[Congenital mucocele of the ventral face of the tongue]. / Mucocèle congénitale de la face ventrale de la langue.

BACKGROUND: Congenital cystic lesions of the oral cavity are an extremely rare occurrence. Their prenatal diagnosis is essential since they can impede respiratory and swallowing functions. We describe a case that was detected prenatally and discuss its management. CASE REPORT: A 21-year-old primigravida patient who was 23 weeks pregnant was referred to our obstetrics and gynecology center after fetal ultrasonography showed a cystic lesion of the oral cavity. She had no family history of any congenital anomalies. Ultrasonography showed a male fetus with an anechoic mass measuring 21×11 mm encompassing the entire oral cavity, evoking either a mucocele or a cystic hygroma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a fetus with a wide-open mouth, due to a well-demarcated protruding cystic mass with no solid component, suggestive of a mucocele. A prenatal sonographically guided percutaneous needle aspiration of mucous fluid was performed at 33 gestational weeks. Although the mucocele decreased significantly in size, it nevertheless continued to expand progressively. After an uncomplicated pregnancy, the patient had spontaneous onset of labor at 39 weeks of gestation. An iterative aspiration was performed in the same manner in utero, resulting in a complete collapse of the mucocele. If needed, intubation could be considered. A 3030-g male was born by vaginal delivery, without respiratory distress. Clinical examination showed the extremely opened mouth and confirmed the presence of a large cystic mass approximately 4 cm in diameter, of sublingual origin and encompassing the entire oral cavity. The continuous protrusion of the tongue was responsible for the infant's inability to close the mouth and be breastfed. After insertion of a feeding tube, the newborn had maxillofacial surgery consisting in marsupialization of the cyst at 2 days of age. The mucocele decreased in size and the postoperative course was uneventful. No recurrence was observed at 6 months' follow-up. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Congenital mucoceles of the tongue are very rare benign lesions of the oral cavity, resulting from extravasation or retention of mucus from minor salivary glands. Their prevalence is unknown and, to our knowledge, less than ten cases of prenatal diagnosis have been previously reported. Such cystic lesions can cause respiratory distress and swallowing disorders in newborns. They are usually suspected on ultrasonography. MRI highlights the nature of the lesion and its locoregional connections with muscles and blood vessels. It provides a good analysis of the soft tissues and can distinguish between the muscles of the tongue and the pathologic mass. However, the use of CT has been reported when the diagnosis was made after childbirth or in adulthood. Given the risks of interference of the lesion with respiratory and swallowing functions, intrauterine decompression of the mucocele can be an option to prevent respiratory distress at birth and the need for neonatal intubation. Mucoceles provide somewhat confusing and disturbing ultrasonographic appearances, which can be stressful for the medical team and parents. Prenatal diagnosis and early surgical intervention (marsupialization, complete excision of the cyst or the salivary gland) can prevent risks of breathing distress and breastfeeding problems. Therefore, this strategy is essential to offer fast and satisfactory management of this rare but anxiety-producing congenital situation.

Congenital melanotic macules of the tongue. A case report and brief review of the literature.

Congenital melanotic macules of the tongue (CMMT) are a rare and benign condition that is probably underestimated. We report the case of an African infant with multiple congenital hyperpigmented macules of the tongue. To avoid a difficult-to-perform procedure such as a tongue biopsy, focused clinical monitoring was performed every 3 months for 30 months to detect significant changes. A clinical diagnosis of CMMT was made in the absence of concomitant systemic diseases using the clinical findings, the location on the tongue, the negative family history for melanoma, and the absence of drugs and toxic exposure. Clinical follow-up may be sufficient to monitor CMMT rather than performing a tongue biopsy.

Management of a large antenatally recognized foregut duplication cyst of the tongue causing respiratory distress at birth.

IMPORTANCE: Foregut duplication cysts are benign developmental anomalies occurring along the foregut-derived portion of the alimentary tract. Several cases of foregut duplications in the head and neck region have been reported, most without airway symptoms. This case is an antenatally recognized anterior tongue lesion leading to respiratory difficulties at birth that was successfully managed by a coordinated fetal care team. OBSERVATIONS: We describe a 4.16-kg female born at full term whose anterior tongue lesion was noted on routine prenatal ultrasound. An airway management plan was developed by a multidisciplinary fetal care team, and the airway was controlled at the time of cesarean delivery. The lesion was completely excised on the sixth day of life without complications. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Given the extensive differential diagnosis of cystic head and neck lesions in neonates, imaging is recommended to localize and characterize the lesion because management of these lesions may differ substantially. For cases that are diagnosed antenatally, coordination of a multidisciplinary fetal care team and early discussions can optimize the predelivery workup and provide clear delivery and airway management plans. We recommend complete surgical excision of oral foregut duplication cysts in the perinatal period to prevent complications such as feeding difficulties, infection, and ulceration.

Congenital mucocele of the tongue: a case report and review of the literature.

Mucoceles are benign lesions of the oral cavity that develop as a result of retention or extravasation of mucous material from minor salivary glands. Congenital mucoceles are very rare. These lesions in newborns may interfere with breastfeeding and may even compromise respiratory function. A patient with a congenital mucocele diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound screening showing a cystic lesion of the tongue is presented herein. The physical examination, lesion evolution and imaging are described, together with the surgical management, histopathology and two-year follow-up. Early clinical assessment, differential diagnosis and magnetic resonance imaging allow clinicians to diagnose and treat this rare congenital condition with surgery in early infancy.

A congenital mucocele of the anterior dorsal tongue.

We report on a new-born with a congenital mucocele on the anterior dorsal side of the tongue. The presentation as well as the differential diagnosis of congenital oral swellings is discussed. Because of breastfeeding problems the mucinous swelling was incised and drained two days after birth. Immediately after drainage the swelling disappeared. Congenital oral swellings are rare. Most of them are mucoceles. Post-partum treatment is surgically, but spontaneous remission has been described. High incidence of recurrence should be taken into account when (micro-)marsupialization or incision as sole treatment is performed.

Lingual cyst lined by respiratory and gastric epithelium in a neonate.

Congenital oral cysts of foregut origin include bronchogenic, enteric, and oesophageal cysts, and they are much rarer than the well described dermoid, epidermoid, and thyroglossal cysts. The exact aetiology is poorly understood, but they are thought to arise from misplaced embryonic rests of the primitive foregut. The presentation of cysts lined by respiratory or gastrointestinal epithelium in the oral cavity is unusual. There have been previous reports of bronchogenic or gastrointestinal epithelium-lined lingual cysts, but few report both features occurring within the same cyst. In view of the scarcity of such reports, we present the case of a lesion on the ventral surface of the tongue of a newborn boy. On removal it was found to be a cyst lined by immature squamous, respiratory, and gastric body epithelium.

[Tongue cyst in children: foregut duplication, a possible diagnosis]. / Kyste lingual de l'enfant : savoir évoquer la duplication digestive.

INTRODUCTION: Foregut duplication is a heterotopy of the digestive mucosa. The tongue localization is relatively uncommon, it presents as a cystic lesion. We report a series of five patients presenting with cysts of the tongue. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was made on cases of foregut duplication of the lingual area, diagnosed between 1977 and 2008. We documented the patient's age, gender, symptoms, lesion localization, clinical radiological and pathological features, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS: Four boys and one girl were included. Two cysts were diagnosed during antenatal screening, two during early infancy, and one at the age of 12 (after infectious complication). In every case, the diagnosis could be confirmed only after surgical removal. DISCUSSION: Foregut duplication of the tongue is rare and its incidence is probably underestimated. This diagnosis should be suggested in case of congenital intraoral cysts. Treatment is surgical excision, and pathological examination confirms the diagnosis.