Medical record bias in documentation of obstetric and neonatal clinical quality of care indicators in Uganda.

OBJECTIVE: To achieve a high quality of care (QoC), accurate measurements are needed. This study evaluated the validity of QoC data from the medical records for childbirth deliveries and assessed whether medical records can be used to evaluate the efficacy of interventions to improve QoC. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This study was part of a larger study of QoC training program in Uganda. Study data were collected in two phases: (1) validation data from 321 direct observations of deliveries paired with the corresponding medical records; (2) surveillance data from 1,146 medical records of deliveries. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were used to measure the validity of the medical record from the validation data. Quantitative bias analysis was conducted to evaluate QoC program efficacy in the surveillance data using prevalence ratio and odds ratio. RESULTS: On average, sensitivity (84%) of the medical record was higher than the specificity (34%) across 11 QoC indicators, showing a higher validity in identifying the performed procedure. For 5 out of 11 indicators, bias-corrected odds ratios and prevalence ratios deviated significantly from uncorrected estimates. CONCLUSION: The medical records demonstrated poor validity in measuring QoC compared with direct observation. Using the medical record to assess QoC program efficacy should be interpreted carefully.

Hand hygiene for the prevention of infections in neonates.

BACKGROUND: Annually, infections contribute to approximately 25% of the 2.8 million neonatal deaths worldwide. Over 95% of sepsis-related neonatal deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Hand hygiene is an inexpensive and cost-effective method of preventing infection in neonates, making it an affordable and practicable intervention in low- and middle-income settings. Therefore, hand hygiene practices may hold strong prospects for reducing the occurrence of infection and infection-related neonatal death. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of different hand hygiene agents for preventing neonatal infection in community and health facility settings. SEARCH METHODS: We used the standard search strategy of Cochrane Neonatal to search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2019, Issue 5), in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE via PubMed (1966 to 10 May 2019); Embase (1980 to 10 May 2019); and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) (1982 to 10 May 2019). We also searched clinical trials databases and the reference lists of retrieved articles for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomised trials. Searches were updated 1 June 2020. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included RCTs, cross-over trials, and quasi-RCTs that included pregnant women, mothers, other caregivers, and healthcare workers who received interventions within the community or in health facility settings DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane and the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of evidence. Primary outcomes were incidence of (study author-defined) suspected infection within the first 28 days of life, bacteriologically confirmed infection within the first 28 days of life, all-cause mortality within the first seven days of life (early neonatal death), and all-cause mortality from the 8th to the 28th day of life (late neonatal death). MAIN RESULTS: Our review included five studies: one RCT, one quasi-RCT, and three cross-over trials with a total of more than 5450 neonates (two studies included all neonates but did not report the actual number of neonates involved). Four studies involved 279 nurses working in neonatal intensive care units and all neonates on admission. The fifth study did not clearly state how many nurses were included in the study. Studies examined the effectiveness of different hand hygiene practices for the incidence of (study author-defined) suspected infection within the first 28 days of life. Two studies were rated as low risk for selection bias, another two were rated as high risk, and one study was rated as unclear risk. One study was rated as low risk for allocation bias, and four were rated as high risk. Only one of the five studies was rated as low risk for performance bias. 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) compared to plain liquid soap We are uncertain whether plain soap is better than 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) for nurses' skin based on very low-certainty evidence (mean difference (MD) -1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) -3.31 to -0.19; 16 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). We identified no studies that reported on other outcomes for this comparison. 4% chlorhexidine gluconate compared to triclosan 1% One study compared 1% w/v triclosan with 4% chlorhexidine gluconate and suggests that 1% w/v triclosan may reduce the incidence of suspected infection (risk ratio (RR) 1.04, 95% CI 0.19 to 5.60; 1916 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). There may be fewer cases of infection in the 1% w/v triclosan group compared to the 4% chlorhexidine gluconate group (RR 6.01, 95% CI 3.56 to 10.14; 1916 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence); however, we are uncertain of the available evidence. We identified no study that reported on all-cause mortality, duration of hospital stay, and adverse events for this comparison. 2% CHG compared to alcohol hand sanitiser (61% alcohol and emollients) We are uncertain whether 2% chlorhexidine gluconate reduces the risk of all infection in neonates compared to 61% alcohol hand sanitiser with regards to the incidence of all bacteriologically confirmed infection within the first 28 days of life (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.79 to 2.69; 2932 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence) in the 2% chlorhexidine gluconate group, but the evidence is very uncertain.   The adverse outcome was reported as mean visual scoring on the skin. There may be little to no difference between the effects of 2% CHG on nurses' skin compared to alcohol hand sanitiser based on very low-certainty evidence (MD 0.80, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.59; 118 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). We identified no study that reported on all-cause mortality and other outcomes for this comparison. None of the included studies assessed all-cause mortality within the first seven days of life nor duration of hospital stay.  AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We are uncertain as to the superiority of one hand hygiene agent over another because this review included very few studies with very serious study limitations.

A Kangaroo Care Pathway for NICU Staff and Families: The Proof Is in the Pouch.

BACKGROUND: Kangaroo care (KC) improves bonding and neonatal health outcomes worldwide. However, concerns for patient safety, interrupted workflow, and parent readiness continued to impede KC in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Its current policy did not recommend using more than 1 staff member during patient transfer. In addition, NICU staff and parents lacked skills training and education regarding the feasibility of routine KC. PURPOSE: A KC pathway was developed and integrated within a multifaceted, champion-based, simulated educational training program for NICU staff and families to promote earlier and more frequent KC by increasing their knowledge and comfort with this practice. METHODS: Patient data collected before and after the study determined the frequency, timing, and mode of respiratory support during KC. Pre- and posttest surveys evaluated nurses' knowledge and comfort level with KC. RESULTS: The frequency of KC occurred 2.4 times more after the intervention. The percentage of KC episodes for intubated patients nearly doubled. The posttest survey scores for nursing knowledge and comfort level also markedly improved. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The KC pathway ameliorated feelings of discomfort by depicting criteria and instructions for safe practice. Multidisciplinary champions were invaluable in assisting the nursing staff with patient transfer during KC. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH: More dose-response studies are needed to maximize the clinical benefits of KC in developed countries.

Simulation in midwifery education: A descriptive explorative study exploring students' knowledge, confidence and skills in the care of the preterm neonate.

Undergraduate midwifery programs across Australia have embedded simulation into their curriculum although there is limited but emerging evidence to support the use of simulation as an effective teaching strategy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact that a simulated learning activity (insertion and management of a neonatal nasogastric tube), had on midwifery students' knowledge, confidence and skills post-simulation, and on completion of a clinical placement. A descriptive explorative study was undertaken in two phases. Phase 1: Midwifery students (n = 60) completed a purpose-designed questionnaire to assess their knowledge, confidence and skills, pre and post simulation. Phase 2: Students (n = 46) repeated the questionnaire to reassess their knowledge, confidence and skills after the completion of a neonatal nursery placement. The findings demonstrate that simulation is an effective learning strategy in an undergraduate midwifery program. Students' knowledge, confidence and skills increased significantly post-simulation activity (p0.001). A further increase in these areas was noted post-placement. Key aspects that contributed to student learning included; the demonstrators' level of knowledge, expertise and currency of practice, as well as the role the student assumes in the simulation activity.

Experience of neonatal intensive care unit nurses in providing developmentally-supportive care: A qualitative study.

Many challenges have been noted in the implementation of developmentally-supportive care principles in neonatal intensive care units, despite evidence that adhering to such care principles achieves positive results for the neonate. The aim of this study was to explore and describe compliance in adhering to developmentally-supportive care principles implemented in one neonatal intensive care unit in South Africa. An exploratory design was used in this qualitative study with purposive sampling to select eligible neonatal intensive care registered nurses (n = 14) as participants. Participants all worked in a 10 bed neonatal intensive care unit at a large tertiary care public hospital. Six audio-recorded interviews were conducted, with recordings subsequently transcribed and analyzed. Three main themes were identified: value of developmentally-supportive care, nature of developmentally-supportive care, and barriers to developmentally-supportive care. One of the main themes had subthemes, which substantiated the findings, and included parent involvement, nurse engagement, and holistic care. Study outcomes offer insight into the development or revision of policies and practices, which are crucial when implementing developmentally-supportive care, particularly in resource-poor settings where challenges are magnified.

Habilitation of very preterm infants at a Post Acute Care Inpatient Rehabilitation (PACIR) center after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Post-Acute Care Inpatient Rehabilitation (PACIR) admission after NICU stay affects the total length of stay (LOS) of very preterm (VPT: ≤30 weeks of gestation) infants. METHODS: A retrospective case control study of VPT infants d/c'd from the NICU at Maria Fareri Children's Hospital (MFCH) to either a PACIR (Blythedale Children's Hospital: BH) for convalescent care (cases) or directly home (controls). RESULTS: 35 cases and 70 controls. Total LOS (MFCH + BH) was longer for cases [196 vs. 97 days]. At the time of d/c from MFCH, Special Health Care Needs (SHCN) amongst cases were greater than controls, however, became similar at the time of home d/c. The majority of cases achieved habilitation goals at the PACIR. CONCLUSIONS: Although LOS was longer for patients transferred to a PACIR, habilitation at BH Hospital reduced the SHCN at the time of home d/c amongst cases.

Association of Nurse Workload With Missed Nursing Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Importance: Quality improvement initiatives demonstrate the contribution of reliable nursing care to gains in clinical and safety outcomes in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs); when core care is missed, outcomes can worsen. Objective: To evaluate the association of NICU nurse workload with missed nursing care. Design, Setting, and Participants: A prospective design was used to evaluate associations between shift-level workload of individual nurses and missed care for assigned infants from March 1, 2013, through January 31, 2014, at a 52-bed level IV NICU in a Midwestern academic medical center. A convenience sample of registered nurses who provided direct patient care and completed unit orientation were enrolled. Nurses reported care during each shift for individual infants whose clinical data were extracted from the electronic health record. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2015, through August 13, 2018. Exposures: Workload was assessed each shift with objective measures (infant-to-nurse staffing ratio and infant acuity scores) and a subjective measure (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index [NASA-TLX]). Main Outcomes and Measures: Missed nursing care was measured by self-report of omission of 11 essential care practices. Cross-classified, multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate associations of workload with missed care. Results: A total of 136 nurses provided reports of shift-level workload and missed nursing care for 418 infants during 332 shifts of 12 hours each. When workload variables were modeled independently, 7 of 12 models demonstrated a significant worsening association of increased infant-to-nurse ratio with odds of missed care (eg, nurses caring for ≥3 infants were 2.51 times more likely to report missing any care during the shift [95% credible interval, 1.81-3.47]), and all 12 models demonstrated a significant worsening association of increased NASA-TLX subjective workload ratings with odds of missed care (eg, each 5-point increase in a nurse's NASA-TLX rating during a shift was associated with a 34% increase in the likelihood of missing a nursing assessment for his or her assigned infant[s] during the same shift [95% credible interval, 1.30-1.39]). When modeling all workload variables jointly, only 4 of 12 models demonstrated significant association of staffing ratios with odds of missed care, whereas the association with NASA-TLX ratings remained significant in all models. Few associations of acuity scores were observed across modeling strategies. Conclusions and Relevance: The workload of NICU nurses is significantly associated with missed nursing care, and subjective workload ratings are particularly important. Subjective workload represents an important aspect of nurse workload that remains largely unmeasured despite high potential for intervention.

Neonatal intensive care nurses' knowledge and beliefs regarding kangaroo care in China: a national survey.

OBJECTIVE: Kangaroo care (KC), a well-established parent-based intervention in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), with documented benefits for infants and their parents. However, in China there remains a lack of knowledge and a reluctance to implement KC in hospitals. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the current knowledge, beliefs and practices regarding KC among NICU nurses in China using the 'Kangaroo Care Questionnaire'. METHODS: A quantitative descriptive survey was designed. This questionnaire comprised 90 items classified according to four domains: knowledge, practice, barriers and perception. Data were analysed using SPSS V.20.0, and content analysis was used to summarise data derived from open-ended questions. RESULTS: The survey involved 861 neonatal nurses from maternity and general hospitals across China (response rate=95.7%). The findings showed that 47.7% (n=411) of the nurses had participated in the implementation of KC. Neonatal nurses in the 'experienced in KC' group showed an overall better understanding of KC and its benefits with a higher 'correct response' rate than those in the 'not experienced in KC' group. In the 'experienced in KC' group, over 90% considered KC beneficial to the parent-baby relationship and attachment, and over 80% believed that KC positively affected outcomes of preterm infants. The 'not experienced in KC' group perceived more barriers to KC implementation than did the 'experienced in KC' group. CONCLUSION: Although most nurses working in NICUs in China were aware of the benefits of KC, there remain substantial barriers to its routine use in practice. Education for both staff and parents is necessary, as is the provision of appropriate facilities and policies to support parents in providing this evidence-based intervention.

Promoção, proteção e apoio no processo do aleitamento materno do pré-termo em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neontal / Promotion, protection and support in the process of breastfeeding of the preterm in neonatal intensive care units

O processo de aleitamento materno ocorre sobretudo através das atividades de assistência de promoção, proteção e apoio que envolvem especialmente os profissionais de saúde, o recém-nascido pré-termo (RNPT) e sua família. Objetivo: Analisar o processo de aleitamento materno de RNPTs no âmbito da unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal (UTIN), na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde e das mães. Método: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, do tipo Survey supervisionado, realizado em duas UTIN de dois hospitais universitários do Município do Rio de Janeiro no período de agosto de 2017 a agosto de 2018. Foi realizado com 148 profissionais de saúde (98 profissionais da instituição 1 e 50 profissionais da instituição 2) e 20 mães de RNPTs da instituição 1. O instrumento de coleta de dados contou com dois formulários, um para entrevista com os profissionais de saúde e outro para entrevista com a mãe do RNPT. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística por meio de médias e desvio padrão e por cálculos de regressão logística utilizando o Programa estatístico R® versão 3.4.1 e discutidos à luz do referencial teórico sobre qualidade em saúde Avedis Donabedian e da base conceitual Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança Neonatal (IHAC-Neo). A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição proponente e posteriormente pelas coparticipantes com o número de Parecer 1.997.636. Resultados: No que tange às características dos profissionais de saúde para a realização das estratégias de apoio ao aleitamento materno dos RNPTs na UTIN, na instituição 1, a covariável "tempo de experiência profissional" mostrou-se significativa, com coeficiente positivo (p = 0,08) na probabilidade de o profissional orientar a mãe sobre a ordenha mamária durante o primeiro encontro na UTIN. Já, na instituição 2, essa covariável não foi significativa. No que diz respeito ao profissional de saúde ajudar a mãe a amamentar durante a internação do RNPT, na instituição 1, a covariável "ter gradução em enfermagem" apresentou o coeficiente significativo (p=0,02), aumentando a probabilidade de o profissional ajudar a mãe a amamentar. Em relação aos fatores relacionados à maior prevalência de aleitamento materno dos RNPTs na UTIN, analisando as respostas dadas pelas mães e correlacionando com a presença de algum aleitamento materno na alta, o fato de ter realizado algum contato pele a pele no momento do nascimento (seja por toque ou posição canguru) (p=0,10) aumentou a probabilidade de o RNPT estar em aleitamento materno (ou exclusivo ou misto) na alta. Na instituição 1, 65,0% (n=13) das mães realizaram algum tipo de contato pele a pele no momento do nascimento, sendo 69,2% (n=9) por meio do toque e 30,8% (n=4) por meio da posição canguru. Na instituição 1, a prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo na ocasião da alta hospitalar foi de 20,0% (n=4), a de aleitamento misto, 20,0% (n=4) e para 60,0% (n=12) somente o uso de fórmula. Conclusão: O processo do aleitamento materno de RNPT no âmbito da UTIN carece de fortalecimento das ações de promoção, proteção e apoio nas instituições de saúde. (AU)

E-baby integridade da pele: inovação tecnológica no ensino de enfermagem neonatal baseado em evidências / E-baby skin integrity: evidence-based technology innovation for teaching in neonatal nursing

Objective: To develop and validate the serious game e-Baby: skin integrity along with a panel of experts. Method: Methodological research approaching the following development steps: scope definition, game format and functions, script and communication with software developers, creation of prototype with evaluation and production; and validation by four experts using the tool Heuristic Evaluation for Digital Educational Game. Results: The serious game was built in a 3D technology with multimedia including animation and scientific-based content. The educational technology was validated by the experts in all heuristics, and among the all 36 analyzed items. 18 (50%) presented no errors, and regarding the remaining items with any error, none had more than 25% errors within levels 3 and 4, according to Nielsen's classification. Conclusion and implications for the practice: The validated serious game is a virtual simulation educational technology with potential to contribute with learning in nursing and with evidence-based clinical practice.

Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar el juego e-Baby: integridad de la piel junto a un panel de peritos. Método: La investigación metodológica contemplando las etapas de desarrollo: definición de alcance, formato del juego y sus funcionalidades, descripción del guion y comunicación con desarrolladores, prototipaje con evaluación y producción; y validación junto a cuatro peritos utilizando el instrumento Heuristic Evaluation for Digital Educational Games. Resultados: El serious game fue construido en 3D con multimedia incluyendo animaciones y contenido basado científicamente. Validado en todas las heurísticas, dentro todos los 36 ítems analizados, 18 (50%) fueran considerados sin problemas, siendo que en ninguno de los ítems ocurrió más que 25% de problemas clasificados en los niveles 3 y 4, segundo la clasificación de Nielsen. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: El juego validado es una tecnología educativa del tipo simulación virtual con potencial para contribuir con el aprendizaje em enfermería y la práctica basada en evidencias.

Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar o serious game e-Baby: integridade da pele junto a um painel de experts. Método: Pesquisa metodológica contemplando as etapas de desenvolvimento: definição de escopo, formato do jogo e suas funcionalidades, descrição do roteiro e comunicação com desenvolvedores, prototipagem com avaliação e produção; e validação junto a quatro experts utilizando o instrumento Heuristic Evaluation for Digital Educational Games. Resultados: O Serious game foi construído em 3D, com multimídia, incluindo animações e conteúdo embasado cientificamente. Validado pelos experts em todas as heurísticas, dentre os 36 itens analisados, 18 (50%) foram considerados isentos de problemas, sendo que em nenhum dos itens houve mais que 25% de problemas classificados nos níveis 3 e 4, segundo a classificação de Nielsen. Conclusão e implicações para a prática: O serious game é uma tecnologia educacional do tipo simulação virtual, validado, e com potencial para contribuir com a aprendizagem e a prática baseada em evidências.

Experiences of new graduate nurses working in a neonatal intensive care setting: a systematic review protocol of qualitative evidence.

REVIEW QUESTION/OBJECTIVE: The overall objective of this systematic review is to identify, critically appraise and synthesize the experiences of new graduate nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The specific review question is: what are the experiences of new graduate nurses working in a NICU setting?

Consequences of Inadequate Staffing Include Missed Care, Potential Failure to Rescue, and Job Stress and Dissatisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate responses of registered nurse members of the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) to a survey that sought their recommendations for staffing guidelines and their perceptions of the consequences of inadequate nurse staffing. The goal was to use these member data to inform the work of the AWHONN nurse staffing research team. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of responses to the 2010 AWHONN nurse staffing survey. SETTING: Online. PARTICIPANTS: AWHONN members (N = 884). METHODS: Review of data from an online survey of AWHONN members through the use of thematic analysis for descriptions of the consequences of inadequate nurse staffing during the childbirth process. RESULTS: Three main themes emerged as consequences of inadequate staffing or being short-staffed: Missed Care, Potential for Failure to Rescue, and Job-Related Stress and Dissatisfaction. These themes are consistent with those previously identified in the literature related to inadequate nurse staffing. CONCLUSION: Based on the responses from participants in the 2010 AWHONN nurse staffing survey, consequences of inadequate staffing can be quite serious and may put patients at risk for preventable harm.

Higher Quality of Care and Patient Safety Associated With Better NICU Work Environments.

The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) work environment, quality of care, safety, and patient outcomes. A secondary analysis was conducted of responses of 1247 NICU staff nurses in 171 hospitals to a large nurse survey. Better work environments were associated with lower odds of nurses reporting poor quality, safety, and outcomes. Improving the work environment may be a promising strategy to achieve safer settings for at-risk newborns.

A Nursing Survey on Nutritional Care Practices in French-Speaking Pediatric Intensive Care Units: NutriRéa-Ped 2014.

OBJECTIVES: Malnutrition in critically ill children contributes to morbidity and mortality. The French-speaking pediatric intensive care nutrition group (NutriSIP) aims to promote optimal nutrition through education and research. METHODS: The NutriSIP-designed NutriRéa-Ped study included a cross-sectional survey. This 62-item survey was sent to the nursing teams of all of the French-speaking pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) to evaluate nurses' nutrition knowledge and practices. One nurse per PICU was asked to answer and describe the practices of their team. RESULTS: Of 44 PICUs, 40 responded in Algeria, Belgium, Canada, France, Lebanon, Luxemburg, and Switzerland. The majority considered nutrition as a priority care but only 12 of the 40 (30%) had a nutrition support team, 26 of the 40 (65%) had written nutrition protocols, and 19 of 39 (49%) nursing teams felt confident with the nutrition goals. Nursing staff generally did not know how to determine nutritional requirements or to interpret malnutrition indices. They were also unaware of reduced preoperative fasting times and fast-track concepts. In 17 of 35 (49%) PICUs, the target start time for enteral feeding was within the first 24 hours; however, frequent interruptions occurred because of neuromuscular blockade, fasting for extubation or surgery, and high gastric residual volumes. Combined pediatric neonatal intensive care units were less likely to perform systematic nutritional assessment and to start enteral nutrition rapidly. CONCLUSIONS: We found a large variation in nursing practices around nutrition, exacerbated by the lack of nutritional guidelines but also because of the inadequate nursing knowledge around nutritional factors. These findings encourage the NutriSIP to improve nutrition through focused education programs and research.

Promoção, proteção e apoio ao aleitamento materno do recém-nascido pré-termo: perspectiva das mães acompanhadas no ambulatório de follow-up

O problema da prematuridade traz um agravante para a saúde dos recém-nascidos (RNs) que ficam internados em unidades neonatais por tempo prolongado, já que eles se enquadram num grupo de risco para o início e manutenção do aleitamento materno. Para facilitar a prática do aleitamento materno nessa população, recomenda-se a adoção de medidas que busquem promover, proteger e apoiar a amamentação. O presente estudo teve como objetivos identificar as estratégias de promoção, proteção e apoio recebidas pelas mães para o início e manutenção da amamentação de recém-nascidos pré-termo no âmbito hospitalar e domiciliar e analisar o processo de amamentação de recém-nascidos pré-termo na perspectiva das mães no âmbito hospitalar e domiciliar. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo, exploratório, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um ambulatório de follow-up de uma instituição com o título de Hospital Amigo da Criança, no Município do Rio de Janeiro. A amostra foi de 17 mães e 21 recém-nascidos pré-termo e foi utilizado um formulário com perguntas abertas e fechadas para coleta de dados. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostraram que a média de idade das mães foi 28,24 anos; 88,24% tiveram parto cesáreo. Em relação ao recém-nascido pré-termo (RNPT), a média de idade gestacional foi de 32 semanas e 0,43 dias, e com 1.784,29 quilo de peso ao nascer. Quanto à promoção e apoio para o início e manutenção do aleitamento materno, somente 17,65% das mães visitaram o RN no mesmo dia do nascimento; e 82,35% das mães realizaram contato pele a pele com os recém-nascidos durante a internação....

The problem of prematurity brings harm for the health of newborns (RN) who areadmitted to neonatal units for long periods as they fall into a risk group for initiating andmaintenance of breastfeeding. To facilitate breastfeeding practice in this population isrecommended the adoption of measures that seek to promote, protect and supportbreastfeeding. The present study aimed to identify promotion strategies, protection andsupport received by mothers for initiating and maintenance of breastfeeding pre-termnewborns in the hospital and home setting and to analyze pre-term newborn breastfeedingprocess on the mothers’ perspectives in hospital and home settings. This is a descriptiveexploratory, transverse study with quantitative approach performed in a follow-up clinic of aninstitution with the title of child friendly hospital of in the county of Rio de Janeiro. Sampleconsisted in 17 mothers and 21 preterm newborns and it was used a form with open andclosed questions for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Resultsshowed that the average age of mothers was 28.24 years old; 88.24% had cesarean delivery. Regarding the newborn preterm (PN), the gestational age mean was 32 weeks and 0.43 daysand 1,784.29 kilograms of weight at birth. As for promotion and support for the initiation and maintenance of breast feeding, only 17.65% of the mothers visited the RN on the day of birth; 82.35% of the mothers had skin contact with newborns during hospitalization...

Retrospective Review of Nurse-Midwifery Care at a Large University Health System.

The purpose of the study is to characterize practice trends, outcomes, and changes over time of a full-scope midwifery service over the past 30 years from 1983 to 2013. The types of clients served and the evolution of the services provided and resulting outcomes are described as an exemplar of the changing nature of providing midwifery services in a tertiary care hospital setting. The overall data reveal that despite small increases in intervention practices, such as epidurals, inductions, and cesarean births, midwives have a commitment to providing safe, evidenced-based, woman-centered care within a collaborative practice model at a tertiary care center. The role of midwives as leaders in supporting physiologic birth in this setting and encouraging opportunities for interprofessional education and collaborative is demonstrated.

Neonatal Discharge Planning: Could Unscheduled Reviews be reduced in the First Six Weeks of Life?

The postnatal period offers an opportunity to provide information and education to new mothers. We analysed factors associated with unscheduled presentations of newborns to local primary care, maternity and paediatric services over a 3 week period to assess whether these could be targeted with discharge planning educational interventions. Data was collected prospectively from electronic databases and manually from patient records in the maternity hospital. Two hundred and seventy six patients under 6 weeks of age presented to the three services. Half of these visits were unscheduled 137 (49%). 40 (29%) of those that were unscheduled were felt to represent benign neonatal variants whilst 28 (20%) presented with feeding problems. Eighty one (59.3%) patients were discharged home, and this was unaffected by referrer patterns; GPs 19 (56%), Nurses 13 (57%) or parents77 (67%). At least 40 (29%) of reviews were felt to be inappropriate and could have been prevented. There is room for cost saving and quality improvement of the service through education.