Prospective Evaluation of Mango Fruit Intake on Facial Wrinkles and Erythema in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Pilot Study.

Mangos are rich in ß-carotene and other carotenoids, along with several phenolic acids that may provide oxidant defense and photoprotection to the skin. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effects of Ataulfo mango intake on the development of facial wrinkles and erythema. A randomized two-group parallel-arm study was conducted to assess 16 weeks of either 85 g or 250 g of mango intake in healthy postmenopausal women with Fitzpatrick skin type II or III. Facial photographs were captured at weeks 0, 8, and 16, and wrinkles at the lateral canthi and erythema at the cheeks were quantified. Skin carotenoid values were measured with reflection spectroscopy. Deep wrinkle severity decreased significantly in the 85 g group after 8 (p = 0.007) and 16 (p = 0.03) weeks compared to baseline measures. In contrast, those in the 250 g group showed an increase after 16 weeks in average wrinkle severity (p = 0.049), average wrinkle length (p = 0.007), fine wrinkle severity (p = 0.02), and emerging wrinkle severity (p = 0.02). Erythema in the cheeks increased with 85 g of mango intake (p = 0.04). The intake of 85 g of mangos reduced wrinkles in fair-skinned postmenopausal women, while an intake of 250 g showed the opposite effect. Further studies feeding 85 g of mangos are warranted.

A novel de novo NLRC4 mutation reinforces the likely pathogenicity of specific LRR domain mutation.

Autoinflammatory disorders are characterized by dysregulated innate immune response, resulting in recurrent uncontrolled systemic inflammation and fever. Gain-of-function mutations in NLRC4 have been described to cause a range of autoinflammatory disorders. We report a twelve-year-old Malay girl with recurrent fever, skin erythema, and inflammatory arthritis. Whole exome sequencing and subsequent bidirectional Sanger sequencing identified a heterozygous missense mutation in NLRC4 (NM_001199138: c.1970A > T). This variant was predicted to be damaging in silico, was absent in public and local databases and occurred in a highly conserved residue in the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain. Cytokine analysis showed extremely high serum IL-18 and IL-18/CXCL9 ratio, consistent with other NLRC4-MAS patients. In summary, we identified the first patient with a novel de novo heterozygous NLRC4 gene mutation contributing to autoinflammatory disease in Malaysia. Our findings reinforce the likely pathogenicity of specific LRR domain mutations in NLRC4 and expand the clinical spectrum of NLRC4 mutations.

Lymphocytic hidradenitis: A distinctive histopathological finding of annular erythema of Sjögren syndrome.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Lymphocytic hidradenitis is a non-specific histopathological feature observed in many dermatoses such as lupus erythematosus, morphea or scleroderma. When it occurs it is usually accompanied by the other distinctive histological features of those conditions. Isolated lymphocytic hidradenitis is uncommon and its clinical features and associated underlying medical conditions are still undetermined. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients who clinically presented with annular erythema between 2000 and 2016. Altogether, 30 patients with a histopathological presentation of isolated lymphocytic hidradenitis were identified. Their following characteristics were recorded: clinical features, number and localisation of lesions, serology and other associated medical conditions. RESULTS: Isolated lymphocytic hidradenitis was found most frequently in middle-aged women. Most patients (n = 28, 93%) presented with many annular erythematous patches and plaques with mild pruritus; 22 (73%) had the SS-A antibody and 17 (57%) met the diagnostic criteria of Sjögren syndrome. Among these patients, 11 had primary and six had secondary Sjögren syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Altogether 15 (50%) patients tested positive for a high titre of the antinuclear autoantibody. Other underlying diseases identified during the follow-up period include cryoglobulinaemia, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, autoimmune hepatitis, hepatitis C infection and toxic thyroid goitre. CONCLUSIONS: Lymphocytic hidradenitis is a microscopic finding associated with annular erythemas of Sjögren syndrome. Systemic survey for sicca symptoms and work up for autoimmune diseases, including antinuclear antibodies, SS-A, SS-B antibodies, cryoglobulin, lymphoma, viral and autoimmune hepatitis should be performed to facilitate the correct diagnosis.

Novel Route of Sirolimus Administration in a Neonate.

A term newborn presented with widespread cutaneous erythematous to bluish lesions since birth. He had extensive lesions in the gastrointestinal tract, brain, retina, heart, and bones. He also developed an intestinal perforation due to erosion of an intestinal lesion. Due to his critical status and clinical presentation, he was initially diagnosed with multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis with thrombocytopenia (MLT), and sirolimus treatment was initiated. Sirolimus was given by buccal route in this nonfeeding patient. Therapeutic serum levels were obtained comparable to enteral administration. Buccal mucosa was an effective novel route of sirolimus administration in this patient.

A rash diagnosis: Gemcitabine-associated pseudocellulitis.

Gemcitabine is an antitumor agent with broad clinical application. The most common cutaneous toxicities are mild rash and pruritus; however, a severe 'pseudocellulitis' rash, which resembles infectious cellulitis in clinical presentation, has increasingly been recognized as a rare complication of this agent. Though the specific pathophysiology related to this condition is not clear, it has been observed to occur primarily in regions of significant lymphadenopathy or prior radiation exposure typically after 24-48 h following administration of gemcitabine. It is a self-limiting reaction, with most cases resolving within two to seven days of onset without any specific treatment for the rash. Treatment with gemcitabine may be safely continued in patients with this complication, though recurrence of the rash is common following repeated doses. We report a case of biopsy confirmed gemcitabine associated pseudocellulitis in a patient treated for metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Knowledge of this complication is important to avoid unwarranted hospitalizations and antibiotic use in patients treated with gemcitabine.

Correlation of Serum Levels of IgE Autoantibodies Against BP180 With Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Activity.

Importance: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is by far the most frequent autoimmune blistering disease. The presence of IgE autoantibodies against the transmembrane protein BP antigen 2 (BP180, type XVII collagen) has previously been reported in 22% to 100% of BP serum samples, and the pathogenic relevance of anti-BP180 IgE has been suggested in various experimental models and by the successful use of omalizumab in individual patients with BP. Objectives: To determine the rate of anti-BP180-reactive IgE in BP, to evaluate the diagnostic relevance of anti-BP180 IgE in BP, and to correlate anti-BP180 IgE with disease activity and the clinical phenotype of patients with BP. Design, Setting, and Participants: This case-control cohort study examined 3 groups of patients with BP. Sixty-five patients with BP underwent an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgE antibodies against the 16th noncollagenous domain of BP180 (NC16A); 52 consecutive patients with BP underwent clinical evaluation with the Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Activity Index (BPDAI); and 36 patients with BP without anti-BP180 NC16A IgG reactivity underwent evaluation of the diagnostic importance of serum anti-BP180 IgE. In addition, 49 age-matched control individuals with noninflammatory dermatoses, 127 controls undergoing allergy testing for IgE levels, and 30 controls with pemphigus vulgaris or pemphigus foliaceus were included for comparison. Patients were seen at a university clinic from January 1, 2008, to July 31, 2014. Main Outcomes and Measures: Serum anti-BP180 NC16A IgE and IgG levels and BPDAI scores. Results: Of 117 patients with BP (69 women and 48 men), anti-BP180 NC16A serum IgE was detected in 47 (40.2%) and correlated with disease activity as measured by total BPDAI (r = 0.918; P = .06). An intraindividual correlation of anti-BP180 NC16A serum levels with the total BPDAI was observed during the course of the disease in 10 randomly selected patients with BP (r = 0.983; P = .003). Although no association of circulating BP180 NC16A IgE antibodies with urticarial or erythematous lesions was observed (r = 0.481; P = .31), the presence of IgG anti-BP180 NC16A antibodies was associated with the occurrence of erosions and blisters (r = 0.985; P = .006) but not urticarial and erythematous lesions (r = 0.632; P = .23). Assaying for anti-BP180 IgE increased the diagnostic sensitivity by only 2.2% (1 of 46 serum samples) when combined with the IgG anti-BP180 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Conclusions and Relevance: Although detection of serum anti-BP180 IgE is not of diagnostic importance, it may be relevant for therapeutic decisions (eg, the use of anti-IgE treatment). The correlation of serum anti-BP180 NC16A IgE levels with disease activity in patients with BP supports the notion that anti-BP180 IgE is of pathogenic relevance. Our observation that IgG anti-BP180 antibodies are related to the occurrence of blisters and erosions may encourage further studies on the association of fine autoantibody reactivities with clinical features of BP.

Eosinophilic annular erythema in childhood - Case report.

Eosinophilic annular erythema is a rare, benign, recurrent disease, clinically characterized by persistent, annular, erythematous lesions, revealing histopathologically perivascular infiltrates with abundant eosinophils. This report describes an unusual case of eosinophilic annular erythema in a 3-year-old female, requiring sustained doses of hydroxychloroquine to be adequately controlled.

Eosinophilic annular erythema in childhood - Case report

Abstract: Eosinophilic annular erythema is a rare, benign, recurrent disease, clinically characterized by persistent, annular, erythematous lesions, revealing histopathologically perivascular infiltrates with abundant eosinophils. This report describes an unusual case of eosinophilic annular erythema in a 3-year-old female, requiring sustained doses of hydroxychloroquine to be adequately controlled.

Carbohydrate supplementation does not blunt the prolonged exercise-induced reduction of in vivo immunity.

BACKGROUND: Carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation during prolonged exercise is widely acknowledged to blunt in vitro immunoendocrine responses, but no study has investigated in vivo immunity. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of CHO supplementation during prolonged exercise on in vivo immune induction using experimental contact hypersensitivity with the novel antigen diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP). METHODS: In a double-blind design, 32 subjects were randomly assigned to 120 min of treadmill exercise at 60 % [Formula: see text] with CHO (Ex-CHO) or placebo (Ex-PLA) supplementation. Responses were also compared to 16 resting control (CON) subjects from a previous study (for additional comparison with a resting non-exercise condition). Standardised diets (24 h pre-trial) and breakfasts (3.5 h pre-trial) were provided. Subjects received a primary DPCP exposure (sensitisation) 20 min after trial completion, and exactly 28 days later the strength of immune reactivity was quantified by magnitude of the cutaneous response (skin-fold thickness and erythema) to a low dose-series DPCP challenge. Stress hormones and leucocyte trafficking were also monitored. RESULTS: CHO supplementation blunted the cortisol and leucocyte trafficking responses, but there was no difference (P > 0.05) between Ex-CHO and Ex-PLA in the in vivo immune responses (e.g. both ~46 % lower than CON for skin-fold response). CONCLUSIONS: CHO supplementation does not influence the decrease in in vivo immunity seen after prolonged exercise. The effects with more stressful (or fasted) exercise remain to be determined. However, there appears to be no benefit under the conditions of the present study, which have practical relevance to what many athletes do in training or competition.

Size of the exposed body surface area, skin erythema and body mass index predict skin production of vitamin D.

BACKGROUND: Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), produced in the skin by UVB irradiation (290-315nm) of 7-dehydrocholesterol, is metabolized in the liver into 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] which is a major circulating metabolite. AIM: To examine changes in serum concentrations of cholecalciferol and its metabolites after UVB exposure of different skin areas. METHODS: 21 healthy Caucasians (skin type II and III, aged 23-47years) were exposed to broadband UVB (290-320nm) and randomized to either exposure to one minimal erythema dose given as a single dose, or a suberythemic dose given for 3 subsequent days. The following areas were exposed: face and back of hands, upper half of the body and the whole body, respectively. Serum cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D were measured immediately before start and 24h after the 1st and last exposure, respectively. RESULTS: Subjects with whole body exposure had an average S-cholecalciferol increase per dose unit of 0.18ngml(-1)mJ(-1)cm(2), 0.95 CI: (0.16, 0.20), upper body treatment 0.13ngml(-1)mJ(-1)cm(2), 0.95 CI: (0.10, 0.15) and face and hands exposure 0.013ngml(-1)mJ(-1)cm(2), 0.95 CI: (-0.012, 0.037). The increase in cholecalciferol correlated positively to the UVB dose and skin erythema and negatively to body mass index (BMI) when controlling for other factors. Exposure of face and hands induces smaller cholecalciferol production in comparison with exposure of larger skin areas. CONCLUSION: Size of the exposed skin area, UVB dose, skin erythema and BMI were the major determinants for serum levels of skin synthesized cholecalciferol. Exposure of hands and face induces smaller cholecalciferol production in comparison with exposure of larger skin areas.