RESUMO
Fonsecaea monophora is a species of Fonsecaea that belongs to Chaetothyriales. It is usually isolated from tropical and subtropical regions, causing reactive inflammation, skin abscesses, and pain. Cerebral infection caused by F. monophora is rare but often fatal. Diagnosing this disease at an early stage is difficult, and appropriate antifungal therapy is often delayed as a result. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who presented with a headache 2 months ago and progressive right-sided weakness of 1 month's duration. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a space-occupying lesion in the left frontal lobe and corpus callosum. The cystic mass was removed by surgical intervention, and the identification of the sample based on sequencing of the internal transcribed spaced region in BLAST-N search showed that the sequences producing most significant alignments were F. monophora or similar (query cover 99%, E value 0.0, per ident 99.84). The patient was treated with a 3-month course of twice daily voriconazole, leading to complete recovery.
Assuntos
Feoifomicose Cerebral , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Voriconazol/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Feoifomicose Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Feoifomicose Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Imageamento por Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
Chaetomium sp. is a mold, member of the phylum Ascomycota. Clinical disease in humans is rare, particularly in children, for which only five cases have been reported. We report a 7-months-old female patient with a diagnosis of visceral heterotaxy syndrome who was admitted to a private center in Mexico. After two episodes of focal myoclonic seizure, a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a right porencephalic cyst and a right frontal abscess with ventriculitis. Seventy-two hours after temporal abscesses drainage procedure, the culture showed a rapidly growing pale white fungal colony. Sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and D1/D2 led to the identification of Chaetomium strumarium. Although Chaetomium sp. is a rare fungal infection in humans, clinicians should consider it as a plausible etiologic agent that can form brain abscess.
Assuntos
Feoifomicose Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Chaetomium/patogenicidade , Síndrome de Heterotaxia/complicações , Micoses/diagnóstico por imagem , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Chaetomium/genética , Feminino , Síndrome de Heterotaxia/microbiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , México , Micoses/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Black yeast-like fungi and relatives as agents of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis are often encountered in human fatal brain abscesses and lead to almost 100% mortality despite the application of antifungal and surgical therapy. We report to our knowledge the first case of brain infection due to Rhinocladiella mackenziei in a 54-year-old immunocompetent male in Iran where R. mackenziei has not been reported previously. The initial diagnosis was brain fungal infection because of pigmented, irregular, branched, septated hyphae based on histopathological staining. The patient was treated with intravenous amphotericin B deoxycholate (0.5mg/kg/day) combined with oral itraconazole (200mg twice daily), nevertheless, his neurological function deteriorated rapidly and ultimately the patient died due to respiratory failure later two weeks. R. mackenziei was identified based on the sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS rDNA region) (KJ140287). Therefore, considerable attention for this life-threatening infection is highly recommended.
Assuntos
Ascomicetos/isolamento & purificação , Feoifomicose Cerebral/microbiologia , DNA Fúngico/análise , DNA Ribossômico/análise , Ascomicetos/classificação , Ascomicetos/genética , Infecções Fúngicas do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções Fúngicas do Sistema Nervoso Central/microbiologia , Feoifomicose Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Feoifomicose Cerebral/patologia , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/análise , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica/métodos , RadiografiaRESUMO
Phaeohyphomycosis is an increasingly recognized cause of brain abscess in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. We report a case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in a 55-year-old male heart transplant recipient caused by Bipolaris spicifera. We review the literature regarding the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of infections with dematiaceous fungi.