Suplementação gestacional na produção de lã de ovelhas e cordeiros / Gestacional supplementation in wool production of ewes and lambs

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação durante diferentes períodos gestacionais sobre a produção de lã de ovelhas e cordeiros da raça Ideal. Foram utilizadas 53 ovelhas da raça Ideal, com escore corporal médio (3), inseminadas pela técnica de laparoscopia, com sêmen fresco de um único reprodutor; e seus cordeiros. Os tratamentos experimentais foram: sem suplementação (n=9); suplementação do início da gestação até 50 dias (n=11); suplementação dos 51 aos 100 dias de gestação (n=11); suplementação dos 101 aos 150 dias - final da gestação (n=11); e suplementação durante toda a gestação (n=11). A suplementação foi a 1,5% do peso corporal. Amostras de lã das ovelhas e dos cordeiros foram tomadas na região do costilhar esquerdo e enviadas ao laboratório para análises objetivas de finura de lã. As suplementações no terço final e durante toda a gestação proporcionavam os melhores resultados, com aumento de produção de lã e de peso das ovelhas. Ovelhas que receberam suplementação durante toda a gestação apresentaram maior diâmetro de fibra e peso corporal. O desempenho de lã dos cordeiros não foi influenciado pela alimentação de ovelhas durante a gestação.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation during different gestational periods on the wool production of sheep and lambs of the Ideal breed. Fifty-three adult Ideal sheep were used, with a mean body score inseminated by the laparoscopy technique using fresh sperm from a single breeder and his lambs. Treatment groups: No supplementation (n=9); Supplementation in the beginning of gestation up to 50 days (n=11); Supplementation from 51 to 100 days of gestation (n=11); Supplementation from 101 to 150 days - end of gestation (n=11) ;and Supplementation throughout the gestation (n=11). The supplementation was at 1.5% of body weight. After birth, lambs were kept with their mothers in cultivated pasture of black oats and ryegrass. Wool samples from sheep and lambs were taken in the left-hand region and sent to the laboratory for objective analyzes of wool fineness. The supplementation performed in the final third and throughout the gestation provides the best results, with increased sheep weight. Ewes that received supplementation throughout pregnancy had greater fiber diameter and body weight. The wool performance of lambs was not influenced by feeding sheep during gestation.(AU)

Suplementação gestacional na produção de lã de ovelhas e cordeiros / Gestacional supplementation in wool production of ewes and lambs

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação durante diferentes períodos gestacionais sobre a produção de lã de ovelhas e cordeiros da raça Ideal. Foram utilizadas 53 ovelhas da raça Ideal, com escore corporal médio (3), inseminadas pela técnica de laparoscopia, com sêmen fresco de um único reprodutor; e seus cordeiros. Os tratamentos experimentais foram: sem suplementação (n=9); suplementação do início da gestação até 50 dias (n=11); suplementação dos 51 aos 100 dias de gestação (n=11); suplementação dos 101 aos 150 dias - final da gestação (n=11); e suplementação durante toda a gestação (n=11). A suplementação foi a 1,5% do peso corporal. Amostras de lã das ovelhas e dos cordeiros foram tomadas na região do costilhar esquerdo e enviadas ao laboratório para análises objetivas de finura de lã. As suplementações no terço final e durante toda a gestação proporcionavam os melhores resultados, com aumento de produção de lã e de peso das ovelhas. Ovelhas que receberam suplementação durante toda a gestação apresentaram maior diâmetro de fibra e peso corporal. O desempenho de lã dos cordeiros não foi influenciado pela alimentação de ovelhas durante a gestação.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation during different gestational periods on the wool production of sheep and lambs of the Ideal breed. Fifty-three adult Ideal sheep were used, with a mean body score inseminated by the laparoscopy technique using fresh sperm from a single breeder and his lambs. Treatment groups: No supplementation (n=9); Supplementation in the beginning of gestation up to 50 days (n=11); Supplementation from 51 to 100 days of gestation (n=11); Supplementation from 101 to 150 days - end of gestation (n=11) ;and Supplementation throughout the gestation (n=11). The supplementation was at 1.5% of body weight. After birth, lambs were kept with their mothers in cultivated pasture of black oats and ryegrass. Wool samples from sheep and lambs were taken in the left-hand region and sent to the laboratory for objective analyzes of wool fineness. The supplementation performed in the final third and throughout the gestation provides the best results, with increased sheep weight. Ewes that received supplementation throughout pregnancy had greater fiber diameter and body weight. The wool performance of lambs was not influenced by feeding sheep during gestation.(AU)

Camelid husbandry in the Atacama Desert? A stable isotope study of camelid bone collagen and textiles from the Lluta and Camarones Valleys, northern Chile.

Management of camelids in the coastal valleys of the Andes has generated much debate in recent years. Zooarchaeological and isotopic studies have demonstrated that in the coastal valleys of northern and southern Peru there were locally maintained camelid herds. Because of the hyperarid conditions of the northern coast of Chile, this region has been assumed to be unsuitable for the raising of camelids. In this study we report stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of camelid bone collagen and textiles made from camelid fiber from Late Intermediate Period (LIP) and Late Horizon (LH) occupations in northern Chilean river valleys. The camelid bone collagen isotopic compositions are consistent with these animals originating in the highlands, although there is a significant difference in the camelids dating to the LIP and LH, possibly because of changes made to distribution and exchange networks by the Inca in the LH. There were no differences between the isotopic compositions of the camelid fibers sampled from textiles in the LIP and LH, suggesting that either the production of camelid fiber was unchanged by the Inca or the changes that were made do not present visible isotopic evidence. Several camelid fiber samples from both the LIP and LH present very high δ13C and δ15N values, comparable to human hair samples from one site (Huancarane) in the Camarones Valley. These data suggest that people in the northern valleys of Chile may have kept small numbers of animals specifically for fiber production. Overall, however, the vast majority of the textile samples have isotopic compositions that are consistent with an origin in the highlands. These data suggest that the hyperarid coastal river valleys of northern Chile did not support substantial camelid herds as has been interpreted for northern Peru.