RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common sequelae of diabetes mellitus. Currently, the effect of DFUs on total joint arthroplasty (TJA) outcomes is sparsely evaluated. This study investigated whether DFU patients undergoing TJA increases risk of (1) prosthetic joint infections (PJI), (2) surgical site infections (SSI), (3) sepsis, (4) readmissions, and (5) revisions. METHODS: Using PearlDiver, a retrospective query from January 1, 2010 to October 31, 2020 was performed. DFU patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) were included and 1:5 propensity score matched with controls using age, sex, body mass index, and various comorbidities (33,155 TKA patients [DFU = 5,529; control = 27,626]; 17,146 THA patients [DFU = 2,862; control = 14,284]). Outcomes included rates of PJI, SSI, sepsis, readmissions, and revisions. Multivariate logistical regressions calculated odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals, and P values (P < .001 as significance threshold). RESULTS: DFU increased risk of sepsis within 90 days of TKA (OR 4.59; P < .001) and THA (OR 4.87; P < .001). DFU did not increase risk of PJI at 90 days for TKA (OR 0.8; P = .1) or THA (OR 0.85; P = .34) but did by 2 years post-TKA (OR 1.51; P < .001) and THA (OR 1.55; P < .001). Risk of SSI increased in DFU cohort following TKA and THA at 90 days and 2 years and at 90-day readmissions and 2-year revisions. CONCLUSION: DFU patients undergoing TJA demonstrated increased risk of postoperative sepsis and PJI. Furthermore, DFU patients demonstrated an increased risk of SSI, readmissions, and revisions. Providers should counsel DFU patients about postoperative risks.
Assuntos
Artrite Infecciosa , Artroplastia de Quadril , Artroplastia do Joelho , Diabetes Mellitus , Pé Diabético , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese , Sepse , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pé Diabético/epidemiologia , Pé Diabético/cirurgia , Pé Diabético/complicações , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Artrite Infecciosa/etiologia , Sepse/complicações , Sepse/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/etiologia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus/cirurgiaRESUMO
Introduction: Minimally invasive surgery for ventral hernia repair (MIS-VHR) with mesh in retromuscular plane can be performed by either transabdominally (TA-RM) or via enhanced view totally extraperitoneal approach (eTEP). Although both techniques offer the mesh extension in the best anatomical space, closure of hernia defect, avoidance of traumatic fixation, the superiority of one approach over another is not established. This systematic review and meta-analysis were set up to analyze safety and efficacy of eTEP in comparison with TA-RM. Materials and Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework was used as guideline to conduct systematic search of literature. Studies that provided comparative data of MIS-VHR using eTEP versus TA-RM were identified. Primary outcomes were major complications. These were defined as grade III-IV according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Secondary outcomes included: surgical site infection (SSI) rates, seroma rates, surgical site occurrence requiring procedural intervention (SSOPI), minor complications (Clavien-Dindo grade I-II), intraoperative complications, recurrence rate, postoperative ileus, duration of surgery, postoperative pain. Random- and fixed-effects models of statistical analysis were used. Risk difference (RD) was computated for binary outcomes (major and minor complications, SSI, seroma, SSOPI, recurrence, ileus) with 95% confidence intervals. I2 test was used to assess statistical heterogeneity. Risk of bias assessment was performed using Newcastle-Ottawa framework. Results: There were 3 observational studies that enrolled 370 participants. In the eTEP group there were 166 patients and, in the TA-RM group there were 204 patients. There was no significant RD with regard to major complications (RD -0.02 [-0.06 to 0.02], test for overall effect: Z = 0.86 [P = .39]). There was no significant RD in occurrence of minor complications, SSI, seroma, SSOPI, recurrence, ileus. Conclusions: Both eTEP and TA-RM were found to have equal safety profile. Further high-quality studies evaluating patient reported outcomes and late recurrence may be useful. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023429160.
Assuntos
Hérnia Ventral , Íleus , Hérnia Incisional , Laparoscopia , Humanos , Telas Cirúrgicas/efeitos adversos , Seroma/etiologia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Hérnia Ventral/cirurgia , Hérnia Ventral/complicações , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Herniorrafia/métodos , Íleus/cirurgia , Hérnia Incisional/cirurgiaRESUMO
Background: As the worldwide population ages, the population receiving open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) is growing, and surgical site infection (SSI) is a rare but fatal surgical complication. This study aimed to identify risk factors independently associated with SSI following OWHTO and develop a predictive nomogram. Methods: Clinical data of patients who received OWHTO and followed up for more than 12 months in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine independent risk factors for SSI and to construct predictive nomograms. The study further illustrated the predictive performance of the model by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: A total of 1294 eligible patients were included in the study. Multivariate analysis revealed tobacco consumption (OR=3.44, p=0.010), osteotomy size ≥12 mm (OR=3.3, p=0.015), the use of allogeneic bone or artificial bone graft substitutes (allogeneic bone vs none, OR=4.08, p=0.037; artificial bone vs none, OR=5.16, p=0.047), Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade IV (OR=2.5, p=0.046), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) >423.62 (OR=6.2, p<0.001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HCRP) >2.6 mg/L (OR=2.42, p=0.044), and a higher level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) (OR=1.32, p=0.022) were the independent predictors of SSI. The cutoff score of the model was 148, with a sensitivity of 76.0% and specificity of 81.0%. The concordance index (C-index) and Brier score of the nomogram were 0.856 and 0.017, and the corrected values after 1000 bootstrapping validations were 0.820 and 0.018, respectively. Furthermore, the ROC curve, calibration curve, and DCA exhibited excellent predictive accuracy and clinical applicability of the model. Conclusion: This study developed a dynamic nomogram based on seven predictors, which allowed surgeons to individualize risk stratification of patients and intervene promptly to reduce SSI rates.
Assuntos
Osteoartrite do Joelho , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Humanos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Nomogramas , Osteotomia/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , Tíbia/cirurgiaRESUMO
La infección de localización quirúrgica es la complicación más frecuente y más evitable de la cirugía, pero las guías clínicas para su prevención tienen un seguimiento insuficiente. Presentamos los resultados de un consenso Delphi realizado por un panel de expertos de 17 sociedades científicas con revisión crítica de la evidencia científica y guías internacionales, para seleccionar las medidas con mayor grado de evidencia y facilitar su implementación. Se revisaron 40 medidas y se emitieron 53 recomendaciones. Se priorizan 10 medidas principales para su inclusión en bundles de prevención: ducha preoperatoria; correcta higiene quirúrgica de manos; no eliminación del vello del campo quirúrgico o eliminación con maquinilla eléctrica; profilaxis antibiótica sistémica adecuada; uso de abordajes mínimamente invasivos; descontaminación de la piel con soluciones alcohólicas; mantenimiento de la normotermia; protectores-retractores plásticos de herida; cambio de guantes intraoperatorio, y cambio de material quirúrgico y auxiliar antes del cierre de las heridas. (AU)
Surgical site infection is the most frequent and avoidable complication of surgery, but clinical guidelines for its prevention are insufficiently followed. We present the results of a Delphi consensus carried out by a panel of experts from 17 Scientific Societies with a critical review of the scientific evidence and international guidelines, to select the measures with the highest degree of evidence and facilitate their implementation. Forty measures were reviewed and 53 recommendations were issued. Ten main measures were prioritized for inclusion in prevention bundles: preoperative shower; correct surgical hand hygiene; no hair removal from the surgical field or removal with electric razors; adequate systemic antibiotic prophylaxis; use of minimally invasive approaches; skin decontamination with alcoholic solutions; maintenance of normothermia; plastic wound protectors-retractors; intraoperative glove change; and change of surgical and auxiliary material before wound closure. (AU)
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Humanos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Técnica Delphi , Sociedades CientíficasRESUMO
No disponible
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Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Bezoares/diagnóstico por imagem , Bezoares/cirurgia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/diagnóstico por imagem , Bezoares/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Laparotomia/métodos , Gastrostomia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/terapia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicaçõesRESUMO
Objetivos: Identificar os fatores de risco pré e pós-operatórios relacionados ao desenvolvimento de mediastinite entre pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca em um hospital da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, caracterizar a população estudada e analisar a relação entre os fatores de risco e a incidência de mediastinite nos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Método: Estudo descritivo, abordagem quantitativa, em que foram identificados os fatores de risco para mediastinite em pacientes que realizaram cirurgia cardíaca em um hospital do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: Obteve-se um n de 192 pacientes, de maioria homens, na faixa etária de 50 a 69 anos e em sobrepeso. Diabetes mellitus e tabagismo foram as comorbidades mais frequentes, e CRVMC a cirurgia mais realizada, 4 pacientes apresentaram mediastinite. Conclusão: A identificação destes fatores contribui para elaboração de estratégias de prevenção para mediastinite, e na implementação de cuidados de enfermagem no pré e pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas
Objectives: To identify pre and postoperative risk factors related to the development of mediastinitis among patients submitted to cardiac surgery at a hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, to characterize the study population and to analyze the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of mediastinitis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Method: descriptive study, quantitative approach, in which the risk factors for mediastinitis were identified in patients who underwent cardiac surgery in a hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Results: a n of 192 patients, mostly males, aged 50 to 69 years and overweight were obtained. Diabetes mellitus and smoking were the most frequent comorbidities, and CRVMC the most performed surgery, 4 patients had mediastinitis. Conclusion: the identification of these factors contributes to the elaboration of prevention strategies for mediastinitis, and the implementation of nursing care in the pre and postoperative period of cardiac surgeries
Objetivos: Identificar los factores de riesgo pre y postoperatorios relacionados al desarrollo de mediastinitis entre pacientes sometidos a la cirugía cardiaca en un hospital de la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, caracterizar a la población estudiada y analizar la relación entre los factores de riesgo y la incidencia de mediastinitis en los pacientes sometidos a la cirugía cardiaca. Método: Estudio descriptivo, abordaje cuantitativo, en que se identificaron los factores de riesgo para la mediastinitis en pacientes que realizaron una intervención cardiaca en un hospital de Río de Janeiro. Resultados: Se obtuvo un n de 192 pacientes, de mayoría hombres, en el grupo de edad de 50 a 69 años y en sobrepeso. La diabetes mellitus y el tabaquismo fueron las comorbilidades más frecuentes, y CRVMC la cirugía más realizada, 4 pacientes presentaron mediastinitis. Conclusión: La identificación de estos factores contribuye a la elaboración de estrategias de prevención para la mediastinitis, y en la implementación de cuidados de enfermería en el pre y postoperatorio de cirugías cardíacas
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Cirurgia Torácica/estatística & dados numéricos , Mediastinite/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Mediastinite/complicaçõesRESUMO
Objetivo: Describir las características y la evolución de la infección profunda en cirugía instrumentada de raquis toracolumbar (IPCITL) en nuestro centro en un periodo de 10años. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se analizan datos del paciente (epidemiológicos/salud), datos operatorios, presentación de la infección, gérmenes cultivados, limpiezas quirúrgicas requeridas, extracción de los implantes y complicaciones significativas derivadas de la infección. Resultados: Se revisan 110 pacientes (80mujeres). El seguimiento medio tras el diagnóstico de infección fue de 3,6años. Etiologías más frecuentes: escoliosis idiopática del adolescente, deformidad del adulto y estenosis lumbar degenerativa. El 62% de pacientes presentaban algún dato clínico que les hacía proclives a la infección. La aparición de la infección fue precoz (0-3meses de la cirugía primaria) en el 60,4% de los casos, retardada (3-24meses) en el 11,7% y tardía (más de 24meses) en el 27%. Todos los pacientes fueron tratados mediante limpieza quirúrgica. El 25% necesitaron más de una limpieza. Se extrajeron los implantes en el 46% de los pacientes (en el 71% de ellos en la primera limpieza). Los gérmenes aislados con mayor frecuencia fueron Staphylococcus coagulasa-negativo, Propionibacterium acnes y Enterococcus. Hubo complicaciones significativas derivadas de la IPCITL en el 15% de casos. El 88% de ellas precisaron cirugías complejas para su tratamiento. Conclusiones: Las IPCITL tardías son más frecuentes de lo esperado según la literatura. En IPCITL globalmente predominan gérmenes cutáneos. Las IPCITL provocan una alta tasa de complicaciones, que habitualmente requieren tratamiento mediante cirugías complejas
Objective: To describe thee characteristics and evolution of deep surgical site infection following thoracolumbar instrumented spinal surgery (DSITIS) in our centre over a period of ten years. Material and method: Descriptive retrospective study. Patient data (epidemiological/health status), surgical data, infection characteristics/presentation, isolated microorganisms, required surgical debridements, implant removal and major complications linked to infection were evaluated. Results: We included 110 patients (80 females). Median follow-up after infection diagnosis was 3.6years. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, adult deformity and degenerative lumbar stenosis were the most frequent aetiologies. Sixty-two percent of the patients had at least one clinical feature that made them prone to infection. Infection presentation was early (0-3months from first surgery) in 60.4% of the cases, delayed (3-24months) in 11.7%, and late (more than 24months) in 27%. All patients were treated by surgical debridement. Twenty-five percent needed more than one surgical debridement. Implants were removed in 46% of the patients (71% in the first surgical debridement). The most frequent isolated microorganisms were coagulasa-negative Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium acnes and Enterococcus. Major complications appeared in 15% of the patients, and 88% of them required major surgeries. Conclusions: Late DSITIS is more frequent than previously reported. Skin microorganisms predominate among the DSITIS culprits. DSIITS produce a high rate of major complications that usually require major surgery for treatment
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Escoliose/cirurgia , Estenose Espinal/cirurgia , Coluna Vertebral/anormalidades , Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/cirurgia , Desbridamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Remoção de Dispositivo/estatística & dados numéricos , Enterococcus/isolamento & purificação , Propionibacterium acnes/isolamento & purificação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pele/microbiologia , Staphylococcus/isolamento & purificação , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/microbiologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Anterior cervical discectomy has a low non-mechanical complication rate. In our literature review, we found 7 cases of delayed surgical site infection. We report a case of cervical prevertebral abscess due to Propionibacterium acnes 2 years after discectomy and arthroplasty, with a beta-2-transferrin false positive test as a complementary highlighted finding. We discuss the diagnosis and etiology of this rare delayed infectious complication
La discectomía cervical anterior tiene una baja tasa de complicaciones no mecánicas. En la revisión de la literatura, encontramos 7 casos de infección diferida del sitio quirúrgico. Presentamos un caso de absceso cervical prevertebral secundario a Propionibacterium acnes 2 años después de la cirugía, asociado a un falso positivo del test de beta-2-transferrina como hallazgo complementario a destacar, y discutimos el diagnóstico y la etiología de esta rara complicación infecciosa diferida
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Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologia , Plexo Cervical/cirurgia , Artroplastia/métodos , Tempo para o Tratamento , Abscesso/complicações , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Tempo , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
Objective: To analyze the impact of infectious complications and microbiology in the postoperative period after major oncologic neck surgeries. Methods: A retrospective study conducted in an oncology center, including all the consecutive patients who developed infectious complications after major neck cancer surgery, from October 2012 to May 2016 (44 months). Among other data, we collected TNM stage, ASA score, body mass index, comorbidities and habits, pre and postoperative hemoglobin levels, albumin serum levels, pre-surgical treatments, length of inpatient stay, isolated microbiological agents and the recorded complications and mortality rate. Results: In the studied period, 761 major neck surgeries were performed. Of these, 96 patients had complications (12.6%). Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) was the most frequent complication (56%) and nosocomial pneumonia was the most common systemic complication (23%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the principal microorganism of the 26 species isolated (15%). 12 deaths were registered. Using multiple linear regression we concluded that flap/cutaneous necrosis and PCF were complications with statistical significance that prolonged inpatient stay. The same complications had significant relative risk for more than 30 days of hospitalization. Conclusion: The postoperative period is critical for the successful treatment of head and neck oncology patients. PCF and flap/cutaneous necrosis were the principal complications which worsened the outcomes during this critical period. The early recognition and treatment of these complications is crucial
Objetivo: Analizar el impacto de las complicaciones infecciosas en el período posoperatorio de las cirugías oncológicas mayores de cabeza y cuello, y estudio de los agentes microbianos implicados. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo realizado en un instituto oncológico, en pacientes que desarrollaron complicaciones infecciosas después de la cirugía oncológica mayor de cuello, entre octubre de 2012 y mayo de 2016 (44 meses). Entre otros se recogieron el estadio TNM, la puntuación ASA, el índice de masa corporal, las comorbilidades, los hábitos tóxicos, los niveles de hemoglobina pre y postoperatoria, los niveles séricos de albúmina, los tratamientos previos a la cirugía, la duración de la hospitalización y los microorganismos aislados, así como las complicaciones sufridas y la tasa de mortalidad. Resultados: En este período se realizaron 761 cirugías cervicales mayores. De estas, 96 pacientes presentaron complicaciones (12,6%). Las que con mayor frecuencia se registraron fueron la fístula faringocutánea (FFC) (56%) y la neumonía nosocomial (23%). Fueron aislados 26 tipos de microorganismos, siendo la Pseudomonas aeruginosa la más frecuente (15%). Se registraron 12 fallecimientos. Tras el estudio estadístico con regresión lineal múltiple, se detecta que la necrosis cutánea o del colgajo y la FFC fueron las complicaciones con un mayor impacto estadístico en la estancia hospitalaria. Asimismo, fueron los factores que más influyeron en las hospitalizaciones de 30 días o más. Conclusión: Una buena evolución durante el período postoperatorio es fundamental para obtener éxito en el tratamiento de los pacientes oncológicos de cabeza y cuello. La FFC y la necrosis de colgajo o cutánea constituyeron las principales complicaciones con un mayor impacto en los resultados obtenidos. La detección precoz de estas complicaciones, así como su tratamiento, son cruciales
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/complicações , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/microbiologia , Infecções/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Infecções/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fístula/complicações , Fístula/microbiologia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolamento & purificação , Modelos Lineares , Tempo de InternaçãoRESUMO
No disponible
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Humanos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Colo/cirurgia , Cuidados Pré-OperatóriosRESUMO
Background: Recurrence occurs in up to 20% of patients with stage II colon cancer operated on for cure. Although postoperative intra-abdominal infection has been linked with an increased risk of recurrence, the association is controversial. The aim was to investigate the impact of postoperative intra-abdominal infection on disease-free survival and disease-specific survival in patients with stage II colon cancer. Methods: Patients undergoing elective surgery for colon cancer stage II, between 2003 and 2014, were included. Patients with anastomotic leak or intra-abdominal abscess were included in the infection group. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to represent the distribution of survival and the Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the contribution of relevant clinicopathological factors with prognosis. Results: Postoperative intra-abdominal infection was diagnosed in 37 of 363 (10.2%) patients. Perioperative blood transfusion was more frequent in patients with infection (p = 0.008). Overall 5-year disease-free survival rate was 85.1%. Disease-free survival at 5 years was lower in patients with postoperative intra-abdominal infection (52.8 vs 88.7%; p < 0.001), perineural invasion (p = 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.001), pT4 (p = 0.013), and in patients with adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.013). Multivariate analysis showed that postoperative intra-abdominal infection (HR 4.275; p < 0.001), perineural invasion (HR 2.230; p = 0.007), and lymphovascular invasion (HR 2.052; p = 0.016) were all significant independent predictors of reduced disease-free survival. Regarding specific survival, independent significant prognostic factors were the number of lymph nodes, lymphovascular invasion, and postoperative intra-abdominal infection. Conclusion: In this series of patients with stage II colon cancer, postoperative intra-abdominal infection has an independent negative impact on disease-free survival and disease-specific survival
No disponible
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Humanos , Neoplasias do Colo/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Anastomose CirúrgicaRESUMO
La artritis séptica tras una artroscopia de rodilla es muy poco frecuente. Se estima una tasa de infección postoperatoria en torno al 0,15-0,84%1, según las series. El procedimiento artroscópico más frecuentemente asociado a infección es la reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), cuya frecuencia está en torno al 0,3-1,7%2. El microorganismo más frecuentemente aislado es el estafilococo coagulasa negativo. Describimos un caso de artritis séptica de rodilla tras reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior en la que se aisló el microorganismo Granulicatella adiacens en el cultivo del líquido sinovial. No encontramos ningún caso descrito en la literatura de infección tras artroscopia de rodilla, por dicho microorganismo; tratándose probablemente del primer caso publicado
Septic arthritis after knee arthroscopy is an extremely rare condition. A rate of 0.15-0.84% cases of postoperative infection is estimated in several series. The arthroscopy procedure most frequently related with an infectious complication is anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, with a prevalence of 0.3-1.7% cases. Staphylococcus sp. is the pathogen most commonly cultured. We describe a case of septic arthritis after ACL reconstruction. We found no published case of septic arthritis caused by this microorganism after knee arthroscopy. It is probably the first case published in the literature
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Artrite Infecciosa/microbiologia , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirurgia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Artroscopia/efeitos adversos , Abiotrophia/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/complicações , Artrocentese/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas/métodosRESUMO
La fascitis necrotizante es una patología infrecuene y grave, definida por la rápida progresión de un proceso inflamatorio y de necrosis tisular que incluye normalmente piel, tejido subcutáneo y fascia. Suele ser de etiología polimicrobiana, aunque se han descrito casos derivados de un único agente microbiano, siendo las formas más frecuentes la E. Coli o Pseudomonas spp. La naturaleza de esta enfermedad es muy agresiva, por lo que el diagnóstico precoz y la inmediata intervención terapéutica son de vital importancia, y la cirugía, el principal pilar terapéutico. El pronóstico varía en función del momento del diagnóstico y del tratamiento. Presenta tasas elevadas de morbimortalidad, llegando, incluso, al 76% en algunas series
Necrotizing Fasciitis is an uncommon and serious disease, defined by the rapid progression of an inflammatory process and tissue necrosis which usually includes skin, subcutaneous tissue and fascia. Usually polymicrobial etiology, although cases arising from a unique microbial agent, have been described being the most frequent forms the E. Coli or Pseudomonas spp. The nature of this disease is very aggressive, by which early diagnosis and immediate therapeutic intervention are of vital importance, being the main surgery the most important therapeutic. The prognosis varies depending on the time of diagnosis and treatment, showing high rates of morbidity and mortality, even reaching, 76% in some series
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Fasciite Necrosante/epidemiologia , Cesárea , Cicatriz/microbiologia , Sepse/microbiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Fatores de Risco , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Período Pós-PartoRESUMO
Introducción y objetivos: Este artículo de revisión se ha focalizado en la prevención y manejo de las complicaciones urológicas más frecuentes en el postoperatorio de la cistectomía radical. Se revisó la literatura actual y se realizó un análisis de frecuencia, prevención y tratamiento de las complicaciones. Adquisición de la evidencia: Se realizó una búsqueda en Medline para identificar artículos originales, revisiones de la literatura y editoriales, focalizándose en las complicaciones urológicas de cistectomía radical durante los primeros 90 días postoperatorios. Se identificaron aquellas series que incluyeron un número mayor de 100 pacientes. Síntesis de la evidencia: La literatura en relación con la prevención y el tratamiento de complicaciones en el postoperatorio de cistectomía es en general retrospectiva y no estandarizada. En general el grado de evidencia es bajo y es difícil realizar recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia. Conclusiones: En los últimos años se han hecho progresos para reducir la mortalidad y prevenir complicaciones en cistectomía. Las complicaciones más frecuentes son las gastrointestinales, para las que se ha realizado un esfuerzo importante implementando protocolos ERAS y fast track. Las complicaciones que potencialmente pueden alterar más la calidad de vida del paciente son las del estoma urinario
Introduction and objectives: This review article focuses on the prevention and management of the most common postoperative urological complications of radical cystectomy. We reviewed the current literature and conducted an analysis of frequency, prevention and treatment of complications. Acquisition of evidence: We conducted a search on Medline to identify original articles, literature reviews and editorials focusing on the urological complications of radical cystectomy during the first 90 days after surgery. We identified those series that included more than 100 patients. Synthesis of the evidence: The literature regarding the prevention and treatment of complications after cystectomy is in general retrospective and nonstandardised. The level of evidence is generally low, and it is difficult to make evidence-based recommendations. Conclusions: Progress has been made in recent years in reducing mortality and preventing the complications of cystectomy. The most common complications are gastrointestinal, for which significant efforts have been made to implement ERAS and Fast Track protocols. The complications that can most significantly change patients quality of life are urinary stoma
Assuntos
Humanos , Cistectomia/métodos , Doenças Urológicas/complicações , Doenças Urológicas/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Fístula Intestinal/complicações , Fístula Intestinal/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Introducción: El estudio de las infecciones en la historia de la Medicina data de 1546, y se extiende su investigación hasta nuestros días. El abordaje quirúrgico del Sistema nervioso y la estadía hospitalaria subsecuente hace de esta entidad una amenaza constante para el éxito de la cirugía. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de las Infecciones en el Serviciode Neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario Dr. Miguel Enríquez. Material y Métodos: Se realizóun estudio prospectivo de 108 casos ingresados en el Serviciode Neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario Dr. Miguel Enríquezque tuvieron un cuadro infeccioso durante el período marzo 2013-agosto 2015. El universo estuvo constituido por todos los pacientes mayores de 18 años de ambos sexos ingresados en el servicio por diferentes rutas desde el cuerpo de guardia, unidades de terapia intermedia e intensivao ingresado directamente en sala. Se recopilóla información en una base de datos y se recogió el número de historia clínica, edad, sexo, diagnóstico, tipo de infección, estudio microbiológico indicado y germen aislado. Se construyeron tablas de frecuencias. Resultados: En esta serie hubo un predominio del sexo masculino (66.7 por ciento) en relación con el sexo femenino (33.3 por ciento); el grupo de edad de mayor riesgo fue entre la cuarta y sexta décadasde vida (75 por ciento); los gérmenesmás aislados fueron el Staphylococcus aureus, (18.5 por ciento), la Klebsiella (7.4 por ciento) y la Echerichia Coli. Los estudios más indicados para el diagnóstico fueron los cultivos de secreciones (56.48 por ciento) y el hemocultivo (19.4 por ciento). Conclusiones: El sexo masculino fue el más frecuente. Los intervalos de clases de edades 41-60 y más de 60 años fueron los grupos más infectados. Los gérmenes más aislados fueron el Estafilococus aureus, seguidos de la Klebseilla pneumoniae y la Echerichia coli. Los estudios más indicados para el diagnóstico fueron los cultivos de secreciones y el hemocultivo. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue el Hematoma Subdural Crónico. El tipo de sepsis fue la sepsis respiratoria y la flebitis(AU)
Introduction: In the history of Medicine, the study of infections dates from 1546 and extends to the present. The surgical approach of the Nervous System and the subsequent hospital stay makes this entity a constant threat for surgical success. Objective: To describe the behavior of infections in the Neurosurgery Service of Dr. MiguelEnríquez University Hospital. Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 108 patients admitted to the Neurosurgery Service of Dr.Miguel Enríquez University Hospital who had infectious diseases from March 2013 to August 2015. The universe was composed of all patients older than 18 years of age, of both sexes, who were admitted to the service from different hospital areas: Emergency Room, Intermediate and Intensive Care Units, or directly admitted to the ward. Information was collected and included in a database, which compiled data such as number of the clinical history, age, sex, diagnosis, type of infection, indicated microbiological study, and the isolated germ. Tables of frequencies were built. Results: In this series, there was a predominance of the male sex (66.7 percent) in relation to the female sex (33.3 percent); the age group at highest risk was between the fourth and the sixth decades of life (75 percent); the most isolated germs were Staphylococcus aureus (18.5 percent), Klebsiella (7.4 percent), and Echerichia Coli. The most indicated studies for the diagnosis were the culture of secretions (56.48 percent), and blood cultures (19.4 percent). Conclusions: The male sex was the most frequent one. Age ranges from 41-60 and over 60 years of age were the most infected groups. The most isolated germs were Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Echerichia coli. The most indicated studies for the diagnosis were the culture of secretions and blood cultures. The most frequent diagnosis was Chronic Subdural Hematoma. The type of sepsis was respiratory sepsis, and phlebitis(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Controle de Infecções/métodos , Neurocirurgia/métodos , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Objetivos. La cirugía abierta sigue teniendo un papel fundamental en urología, y la infección de la herida quirúrgica es una de sus principales complicaciones. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la infección de la herida quirúrgica en pacientes intervenidos por nuestro servicio de urología y valorar factores de riesgo, microorganismos y resistencias por tipo de cirugía. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo y observacional. Incluyó 940 pacientes: 370 cirugías abdominal/lumbar abierta y 570 genitoperineales. Analizamos edad, sexo, comorbilidades, estancia y tipo de cirugía, así como microorganismos causantes y resistencias a antibióticos. Resultados. En cirugía genitoperineal hallamos 15 casos (2,6%) de infección de la herida quirúrgica, asociándose a cateterismo urinario previo. La mayoría de los microorganismos aislados corresponden a enterobacterias, destacando las resistencias a betalactámicos. En cirugía abdominal/lumbar encontramos 41 casos (11,1%) de infección de la herida quirúrgica. La incidencia fue del 3,3% en cirugía prostática, del 9,8% en cirugía renal y del 45,0% en cistectomía. Padecer cardiopatía se asoció a mayor incidencia de infección de la herida quirúrgica. Los microorganismos más frecuentes fueron Enterococcus spp. (27,1%), E.coli (22,9%) y Staphylococcus aureus (14,6%). Enterococcus es resistente a ampicilina en el 37,5% y E.coli productor de betalactamasas, en el 41,7%. Conclusiones. Encontramos escasa incidencia de infección de la herida quirúrgica en cirugía genitoperineal, comparada con la renal y cistectomía. La presencia de cardiopatía y portar catéter urinario previo son factores asociados a infección de la herida quirúrgica. Enterococcus y E.coli son los patógenos más frecuentes, con altas tasas de resistencia (AU)
Objectives. Open surgery continues to have a fundamental role in urology, and one of its main complications is surgical wound infection. Our objective was to analyse surgical wound infection in patients who underwent surgery in our Department of Urology and to assess the risk factors, microorganisms and resistances by type of surgery. Material and methods. This was a prospective observational study that included 940 patients: 370 abdominal/open lumbar surgeries and 570 genitoperineal surgeries. We analysed age, sex, comorbidities, stay and type of surgery, as well as the causal microorganisms and antibiotic resistances. Results. For genitoperineal surgery, we found 15 cases (2.6%) of surgical wound infection associated with previous urinary catheterisation. Most of the isolated microorganisms corresponded to enterobacteriaceae, highlighting the resistance to beta-lactam. In abdominal/lumbar surgery, we found 41 cases (11.1%) of surgical wound infection. The incidence rate was 3.3% in prostate surgery; 9.8% in renal surgery; and 45.0% in cystectomy. Heart disease was associated with a higher incidence rate of surgical wound infection. The most common microorganisms were Enterococcus spp. (27.1%), E.coli (22.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (14.6%). Enterococcus and beta-lactamase-producing E.coli are resistant to ampicillin in 37.5% and 41.7% of cases, respectively. Conclusions. We found a low incidence rate of surgical wound infection in genitoperineal surgery, compared with renal surgery and cystectomy. The presence of heart disease and carrying a previous urinary catheter are factors associated with surgical wound infection. Enterococcus and E.coli are the most common pathogens, with high rates of resistance (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/tratamento farmacológico , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/microbiologia , Fatores de Risco , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Resistência a Vancomicina , 51426 , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Enterobacteriaceae , Resistência beta-Lactâmica , Enterococcus , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Introducción: toda intervención quirúrgica puede contraer infecciones. En Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología los materiales y los implantes quirúrgicos aumentan el riesgo de infección; su identificación precoz permite aplicar la intervención antimicrobiana adecuada. Objetivo: identificar factores de riesgo intrínseco y extrínseco y los gérmenes presentes en los pacientes con infección de la herida quirúrgica limpia y limpia contaminada. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo en el Hospital Arnaldo Milián Castro. La población de estudio estuvo compuesta por 122 pacientes mayores de 18 años operados del sistema osteomioarticular entre el primero de enero de 2013 y el31 de diciembre de 2014. Resultados: se evidenciaron factores de riesgo dependientes del paciente como la edad avanzada en la tercera parte, el tabaquismo, la diabetes y la obesidad y los factores de riesgo extrínsecos como la colocación de dispositivos durante la intervención quirúrgica y el tiempo quirúrgico prolongado. Conclusiones: el germen más frecuente involucrado en la infección de la herida quirúrgica del sistema osteomioarticular fue el Staphylococcus aureos y predominó el uso de antibióticos siguiendo el criterio clínico y no la sensibilidad en los cultivos(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/complicações , Sistema Musculoesquelético , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Objetivo. La infección de localización quirúrgica (ILQ) representa el 30% de todas las causas de infecciones relacionadas con la atención sanitaria (IRAS), siendo una de las complicaciones más temidas en pacientes quirúrgicos. Se estimó el exceso de costes directos de la ILQ mediante un estudio de casos y controles emparejado y anidado en una cohorte, en un hospital de agudos en España (Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal). Material y método. Los casos fueron pacientes que desarrollaron un primer episodio de ILQ según los criterios establecidos por el National Healthcare Safety Network de los CDC. Los controles fueron emparejados a los casos en una razón de 1:1, teniendo en cuenta la clasificación de la American Society of Anesthesiologists, la edad, el sexo, la fecha de la cirugía y el diagnóstico principal. Resultados. Este estudio encontró que la infección en reemplazo de cadera incrementó los costes directos en un 134%. Asimismo, el exceso de costes debido a la infección causada por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina fue 69% mayor que el exceso de costes debido a las infecciones causadas por otros microorganismos. onclusiones. La ILQ después de reemplazo de cadera sigue siendo una complicación costosa desde la perspectiva del hospital. Los costes debidos a la ILQ pueden ser utilizados para priorizar intervenciones preventivas de vigilancia y control de las infecciones relacionadas con la atención sanitaria (AU)
Objective. Surgical site infection (SSI) represents 30% of all causes of health care-associated infection (HAI) and is one of the most dreaded complications in surgical patients. We estimated the excess direct costs of SSI using a matched nested case-control study in acute-term care at Ramon y Cajal University Hospital in Spain. Material and method. Cases were patients who developed a first episode of SSI according to the criteria established by the CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network. Controls were matched to cases in 1:1 ratio taking into account the American Society of Anesthesiologists score, age, sex, surgery date, and principal diagnosis. Results. This study found that infection in hip replacement increased direct costs by 134%. Likewise, the excess cost due to the infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 69% higher than the excess cost attributable to infections caused by other microorganisms. Conclusions. SSI after hip replacement continues to be a costly complication from the hospital perspective. Costs due to SSI can be used to prioritise preventive interventions to monitor and control HAI (AU)