Isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat with clinical epididymo-orchitis in Brazil.

The present study reports the first isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat in Brazil. A four-year-old Moxotó breeding goat in a flock of 70 goats and 65 sheep reared together in the county of Patos, semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, showed clinical signs of unilateral orchitis and epididymitis. Diagnosis of A. seminis infection was confirmed by association of clinical findings, bacterial isolation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This result suggests that A. seminis may be an additional cause of infertility in goats, and that sheep may be the source of infection because the mixed farming system allows the contact between sheep and goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.

Isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat with clinical epididymo-orchitis in Brazil

The present study reports the first isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat in Brazil. A four-year-old Moxotó breeding goat in a flock of 70 goats and 65 sheep reared together in the county of Patos, semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, showed clinical signs of unilateral orchitis and epididymitis. Diagnosis of A. seminis infection was confirmed by association of clinical findings, bacterial isolation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This result suggests that A. seminis may be an additional cause of infertility in goats, and that sheep may be the source of infection because the mixed farming system allows the contact between sheep and goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.

Isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat with clinical epididymo-orchitis in Brazil

The present study reports the first isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat in Brazil. A four-year-old Moxotó breeding goat in a flock of 70 goats and 65 sheep reared together in the county of Patos, semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, showed clinical signs of unilateral orchitis and epididymitis. Diagnosis of A. seminis infection was confirmed by association of clinical findings, bacterial isolation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This result suggests that A. seminis may be an additional cause of infertility in goats, and that sheep may be the source of infection because the mixed farming system allows the contact between sheep and goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.(AU)

Functional interferences in host inflammatory immune response by airway allergic inflammation restrain experimental periodontitis development in mice.

AIMS: periodontal disease (PD) and airway allergic inflammation (AL) present opposing inflammatory immunological features and clinically present an inverse correlation. However, the putative mechanisms underlying such opposite association are unknown. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Balb/C mice were submitted to the co-induction of experimental PD (induced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans oral inoculation) and AL [induced by sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) and the subsequent OVA challenges], and evaluated regarding PD and AL severity, immune response [cytokine production at periodontal tissues, and T-helper transcription factors in submandibular lymph nodes (LNs)] and infection parameters. RESULTS: PD/AL co-induction decreased PD alveolar bone loss and periodontal inflammation while experimental AL parameters were unaltered. An active functional interference was verified, because independent OVA sensitization and challenge not modulate PD outcome. PD+AL group presented decreased tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1ß, interferon-γ, IL-17A, receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells ligand and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 levels in periodontal tissues, while IL-4 and IL-10 levels were unaltered by AL co-induction. AL co-induction also resulted in upregulated T-bet and related orphan receptor γ and downregulated GATA3 levels expression in submandibular LNs when compared with PD group. CONCLUSION: our results demonstrate that the interaction between experimental periodontitis and allergy involves functional immunological interferences, which restrains experimental periodontitis development by means of a skewed immune response.

The essential role of toll like receptor-4 in the control of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection in mice.

OBJECTIVE: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral Gram-negative bacterium that contributes to periodontitis progression. Isolated antigens from A. actinomycetemcomitans could be activating innate immune cells through Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In this study, we evaluated the role of TLR4 in the control of A. actinomycetemcomitans infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined the mechanisms that modulate the outcome of A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease in TLR4(-/-) mice. The production of cytokines was evaluated by ELISA. The bacterial load was determined by counting the number of colony-forming units per gram of tissue. RESULTS: The results showed that TLR4-deficient mice developed less severe periodontitis after A. actinomycetemcomitans infection, characterized by significantly lower bone loss and inflammatory cell migration to periodontal tissues. However, the absence of TLR4 facilitated the A. actinomycetemcomitans dissemination. Myeloperoxidase activity was diminished in the periodontal tissue of TLR4(-/-) mice. We observed a significant reduction in the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-1beta in the periodontal tissue of TLR4(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION: The results of this study highlighted the role of TLR4 in controlling A. actinomycetemcomitans infection.

Transmission of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans between Brazilian women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children.

This study evaluated the transmission of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children. Thirty women (mean age = 36.1+/-6.0 years) who were mothers of at least one child aged 7 to 16 years were enrolled. In order to investigate mother-child transmission of Aa, the children were also evaluated when their mothers were colonized by the bacterium. Subgingival plaque samples of each woman were collected from 3 sites (mean probing depth of 7.3+/-1.2 mm and mean clinical attachment level of 7.9+/-1.5 mm) and pooled in reduced transport fluid (RTF). These samples were processed, inoculated onto TSBV-agar selective medium and incubated at 37 degrees C in microaerophilic atmosphere for 5 days. Aa was identified on the basis of colony morphology, Gram staining, catalase and oxidase reactions. Aa was found in 8 out of 30 women. Therefore, 8 children from these women (mean age= 12 +/- 3.7 years) were evaluated, but Aa was found only in 2 of them. Aa strains of the two mother-child pairs were evaluated by arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR), although it was not found similarity between the amplitypes of each pair. No Aa transmission was found between Brazilian women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children.

Transmission of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans between Brazilian women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children

This study evaluated the transmission of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children. Thirty women (mean age = 36.1±6.0 years) who were mothers of at least one child aged 7 to 16 years were enrolled. In order to investigate mother-child transmission of Aa, the children were also evaluated when their mothers were colonized by the bacterium. Subgingival plaque samples of each woman were collected from 3 sites (mean probing depth of 7.3±1.2 mm and mean clinical attachment level of 7.9±1.5 mm) and pooled in reduced transport fluid (RTF). These samples were processed, inoculated onto TSBV-agar selective medium and incubated at 37°C in microaerophilic atmosphere for 5 days. Aa was identified on the basis of colony morphology, Gram staining, catalase and oxidase reactions. Aa was found in 8 out of 30 women. Therefore, 8 children from these women (mean age= 12 ± 3.7 years) were evaluated, but Aa was found only in 2 of them. Aa strains of the two mother-child pairs were evaluated by arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR), although it was not found similarity between the amplitypes of each pair. No Aa transmission was found between Brazilian women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children.

Este estudo avaliou a transmissão de Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) entre mulheres com periodontite crônica severa e seus filhos. A amostra constituiu-se de 30 mulheres com idade média de 36,1 ± 6,0 anos, mães de filhos com idade entre 7 e 16 anos. Apenas crianças cujas mães haviam sido colonizadas por Aa foram incluídas. Amostras de placa dentária subgengival foram colhidas de três sítios com profundidade de sonagem média de 7,3 ± 1,2 mm e perda de inserção clínica média de 7,9 ±1,5 mm e agrupadas em fluido de transporte reduzido (RTF). Estas amostras foram processadas e semeadas em meio seletivo ágar TSBV e incubados a 37ºC em atmosfera de microaerofilia por 5 dias. Aa foi identificado baseado na morfologia colonial, coloração de Gram e testes da catalase e oxidase. Aa foi detectado em 8 das 30 mulheres . Assim, 8 filhos destas mulheres, com idade média de 12 ± 3,7 anos foram investigados, mas Aa foi detectado em apenas 2 deles. Cepas de Aa dos 2 pares de mães e filhos foram submetidos a análise pela técnica de reação em cadeia de polimerase usando primers arbitrários (AP-PCR), mas os amplitipos de cada par não demonstraram similaridade. Portanto, não foi encontrada transmissão de Aa entre mulheres brasileiras com periodontite crônica severa e seus filhos.

Endocardite em bioprótese valvar cardíaca causada por actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans: relato de caso / Endocarditis in a bioprosthetic heart valve caused by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans: case report

Paciente do sexo masculino de 27 anos de idade, portador de bioprótese valvar cardíaca porcina em posiçäo aórtica há 2,5 anos, sofreu endocardite por Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. A identificaçäo do agente etiológico nas hemoculturas foi possível no sétimo dia de incubaçäo. Houve boa resposta ao tratamento com ampicilina e gentamicina por 42 dias, e o paciente recebeu alta hospitalar