Inquérito telefônico de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças e agravos não transmissíveis no Estado de Goiás: Vigitel Goiás / Vigitel Goiás Telephone survey of risk and protective factors for non-communicable diseases and conditions in the State of Goiás

As Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis (DANT) representam a maior causa de morbimortalidade no Brasil e no mundo. Compreendem dois grandes grupos de eventos: as Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT), caracterizadas principalmente pelas doenças cardiovasculares, doenças respiratórias crônicas, neoplasias e diabetes mellitus, e as causas externas, tais como os acidentes e as violências. Nesse sentido, o VIGITEL nacional, realizado a partir de 2006, forneceu dados importantes de fatores de risco para o Brasil e capitais. Este relatório é o resultado do primeiro inquérito realizado no Estado, com representatividade para o Estado de Goiás e as cinco macrorregiões. Esses dados subsidiarão o novo Plano de Enfrentamento das DANT de Goiás (2023-2032)

Non-communicable Diseases and Conditions (NCDs) represent the biggest cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil and the world. They comprise two large groups of events: Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), characterized mainly by cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, neoplasms and diabetes mellitus, and external causes, such as accidents and violence. In this sense, the national VIGITEL, carried out since 2006, provided important data on risk factors for Brazil and capitals. This report is the result of the first survey carried out in the State, with representation for the State of Goiás and the five macro-regions. This data will support the new Goiás DANT Coping Plan (2023-2032)

eCross-cultural adaptation of the spine oncology-specific SOSGOQ2.0 questionnaire to German language and the assessment of its validity and reliability in the clinical setting.

BACKGROUND: The recently developed Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire (SOSGOQ2.0) was proven a valid and reliable instrument measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for patients with spinal malignancies. A German version was not available. OBJECTIVE: A cross-cultural adaptation of the SOSGOQ2.0 to the German language and its multicenter evaluation. METHODS: In a multistep process, a cross-cultural adaptation of the SOSGOQ2.0 was conducted. Subsequently, a multicenter, prospective observational cohort study was initiated to assess the reliability and validity of the German adaptation. To assess external construct validity of the cross-cultural adapted questionnaire, a comparison to the established questionnaire QLQ-C30 from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer was conducted. Mean-difference plots were used to measure the agreement between the questionnaires in total score and by domain (deviation from mean up to 10% allowed). Further reliability and validity tests were carried out. Change to baseline was analysed 3-16 weeks later after different interventions occurred. Clinically relevant thresholds in comparison to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire were evaluated by ROC curve analysis. RESULTS: We could enroll 113 patients from four different university hospitals (58 females, 55 males). Mean age was 64.11 years (sd 11.9). 80 patients had an ECOG performance status of 2 or higher at baseline. External construct validity in comparison to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire in total score and by domain was confirmed (range of deviation 4.4 to 9.0%). Good responsiveness for the domains Physical Functioning (P < .001) and Pain (P < .001) could be shown. The group mean values also displayed a difference in the domains of Social Functioning (P = .331) and Mental Health (P = .130), but not significant. The minimum clinically relevant threshold values for the questionnaire ranged from 4.0 to 7.5 points. CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, the cross-cultural adapted questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool to measure HRQOL in German speaking patients with spinal malignancies. Especially the domains Physical Functioning and Pain showed overall good psychometric characteristics. In this way, a generic questionnaire, such as the EORTC QLQ-C30, can be usefully supplemented by spine-specific questions to increase the overall accuracy measuring HRQOL in patients with spinal malignancies.

Construct validity and reliability of the physical activity parenting questionnaire for children (PAP-C).

BACKGROUND: Children's perception of parenting is hypothesised to significantly affect their physical activity (PA). This study aimed to examine construct validity, factorial invariance and reliability of a new tool: Physical Activity Parenting questionnaire for Children (PAP-C). METHODS: PAP-C comprised 22 items hypothesised to cover 3 theory-guided factors of physical activity parenting (PAP)-namely, structure for activity, autonomy support and involvement. Construct validity and internal consistency of PAP-C were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and composite reliability in a sample of Finnish first, second- and third graders (n = 456; mean age 8.77 ± 0.84 years, girls 51.1%). Factorial invariance of PAP-C across grade levels was investigated using sequential multigroup CFA. Intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficients of the sum factors were calculated in a sample of children who completed a 4-week PAP-C retest (n = 450; mean age 8.83 ± 0.87 years, girls 48.0%). RESULTS: A first-order 3-factor model of the structure for activity, autonomy support and involvement, with 20 items (two items removed), showed an acceptable fit. The model demonstrated configural, metric, and scalar invariance across grade levels. Composite reliabilities indicated moderate-to-good internal consistency (from .74 to .87) for the factors. ICCs (from .494 to .750, p < .001) showed moderate to excellent test-retest stability for all grade levels. CONCLUSIONS: PAP-C can be considered to be a promising tool for investigating 7-10-year-old children's perceptions of PAP.

Encuesta de Seroprevalencia COVID-19: Metodología y resultados definitivos: Ciudad de Buenos Aires

La Encuesta de Seroprevalencia (ESECO) realizada entre el 8 de septiembre y el 18 de octubre del corriente año, es una encuesta probabilística, estratificada en tres etapas. ESECO logró una cobertura del operativo que superó levemente el cincuenta por ciento del volumen total de la muestra (52,6%) y la efectividad indicador del desempeño del equipo, fue superior al sesenta por ciento (64,2%), guarismo elevado para la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en operativos especiales. La estimación de la prevalencia de infección para SARSCov2 de la población total es de 10,1%, 42% en barrios populares y en el resto de la Ciudad 7,4%. La inmunidad por zona (sin incluir barrios populares) es de 4,1% en la zona Norte, 7,2% en la zona Centro y 11% en la zona Sur. (AU)

The EORTC QLQ-ELD14 questionnaire for elderly cancer patients. Validation study for elderly Spanish breast cancer patients / El cuestionario EORTC QLQ-ELD14 para pacientes mayores con cáncer. Estudio de validación en pacientes con cáncer de mama

Background and objectives: Quality of life (QoL) is a key outcome for elderly cancer patients. The EORTC has developed QLQ-ELD14, a questionnaire that assesses important age-specific issues for older patients with cancer. This study aims to validate QLQ-ELD14 for use with elderly Spanish breast cancer patients. Materials and methods: A consecutive sample of breast cancer patients with localized disease (age ≥65) who had received surgery ≥5 years earlier, were disease-free, and may have received adjuvant treatments was included. Patients completed the QLQ-ELD14, QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires. A subsample of patients completed QLQ-ELD14 six months later. Psychometric evaluation of the structure, reliability and validity of QLQ-ELD14 was conducted. Results: 87 patients completed the first assessment and 30 the second. Multitrait scaling analysis showed that all items except two met the standards for convergent and divergent validity. Cronbach's coefficient met the 0.7 alpha criterion on all scales except worries about others. Areas of QLQ-ELD14 and QLQ-C30 whose contents are conceptually related correlated substantially (Spearman's Rho >0.40). Conversely, areas of QLQ-ELD14 that had less in common with those of QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 had low correlations (Spearman's Rho <0.1). Differences in QLQ-ELD14 were found in groups based on age, disease duration, living arrangement, presence of limiting comorbidity, and level of performance status. Patients had a higher level of worries at the second assessment. Conclusions: QLQ-ELD14 is a reliable and valid instrument when applied to a sample of Spanish patients. Our results are in line with those of other validation studies

Antecedentes y objetivos: La Calidad de Vida (CV) es un resultado importante en los pacientes mayores con cáncer. La EORTC ha desarrollado el QLQ-ELD14, cuestionario que evalúa aspectos importantes específicos en mayores con cáncer. Se pretende validar el QLQ-ELD14 para su aplicación en pacientes mayores con cáncer de mama. Materiales y métodos: Una muestra consecutiva de pacientes con cáncer de mama y enfermedad localizada (edad≥65) que habían recibido cirugía≥5 años antes, y podían haber recibido tratamientos adyuvantes fue incluida. Las pacientes han contestado los cuestionarios QLQ-ELD14, QLQ-C30 y QLQ-BR23. Una submuestra el cuestionario QLQ-ELD14 6 meses después. Se ha evaluado la estructura, la fiabilidad y la validez del cuestionario QLQ-ELD14. Resultados: Ochenta y siete pacientes han contestado la primera medición y 30 la segunda. El análisis multirrasgo-multimétodo ha mostrado que todos los ítems excepto 2 presentaban valores adecuados de validez convergente y divergente. Todas las escalas, excepto preocupación por los otros, satisfacían el criterio de Alfa de Cronbach 0.7. Áreas del QLQ-ELD14 y QLQ-C30 cuyo contenido estaba más relacionado presentaban correlaciones altas (Rho de Spearman>0,40). Áreas del QLQ-ELD14 menos relacionadas con el QLQ-C30 y QLQ-BR23 presentaban correlaciones más bajas (Rho de Spearman<0,1). Se han encontrado diferencias significativas en el QLQ-ELD14 entre grupos basados en edad, duración de la enfermedad, convivencia, comorbilidad y estado funcional. Las pacientes presentaban un nivel mayor de preocupaciones en la segunda medición. Conclusiones: El cuestionario QLQ-ELD14 es un instrumento fiable y válido en su aplicación a pacientes españoles. Nuestros resultados van en la línea de otros estudios de validación

The EORTC QLQ-ELD14 questionnaire for elderly cancer patients. Validation study for elderly Spanish breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Quality of life (QoL) is a key outcome for elderly cancer patients. The EORTC has developed QLQ-ELD14, a questionnaire that assesses important age-specific issues for older patients with cancer. This study aims to validate QLQ-ELD14 for use with elderly Spanish breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A consecutive sample of breast cancer patients with localized disease (age ≥65) who had received surgery ≥5 years earlier, were disease-free, and may have received adjuvant treatments was included. Patients completed the QLQ-ELD14, QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires. A subsample of patients completed QLQ-ELD14 six months later. Psychometric evaluation of the structure, reliability and validity of QLQ-ELD14 was conducted. RESULTS: 87 patients completed the first assessment and 30 the second. Multitrait scaling analysis showed that all items except two met the standards for convergent and divergent validity. Cronbach's coefficient met the 0.7 alpha criterion on all scales except worries about others. Areas of QLQ-ELD14 and QLQ-C30 whose contents are conceptually related correlated substantially (Spearman's Rho >0.40). Conversely, areas of QLQ-ELD14 that had less in common with those of QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 had low correlations (Spearman's Rho <0.1). Differences in QLQ-ELD14 were found in groups based on age, disease duration, living arrangement, presence of limiting comorbidity, and level of performance status. Patients had a higher level of worries at the second assessment. CONCLUSIONS: QLQ-ELD14 is a reliable and valid instrument when applied to a sample of Spanish patients. Our results are in line with those of other validation studies.

Limited utility of detailed e-cigarette use measures: An analysis of NESARC-III.

INTRODUCTION: The heterogeneity of e-cigarette products and e-liquids pose challenges to surveillance of e-cigarette exposure. The goal of this study was to evaluate the internal consistency of e-cigarette use frequency, quantity, and duration measures in a national population-based survey. METHODS: Data were drawn from the 2012-2013 for the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (n = 36,309; NESARC-III). Adults who used e-cigarettes/e-liquid during the past year (≤18 years old; n = 1,229) were asked about their age of first use, recency of use, quantity (i.e., cartridges, drops), nicotine concentration, and duration (hours). Several internal consistency parameters were compared for e-cigarette measures in past-year (n = 750) and past 30-day e-cigarette users (n = 472) overall, and by frequency of use (i.e., infrequent [≤3 days/month], non-daily [1-6 days/week], daily). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in quantity, nicotine concentration, or duration by frequency of use in past 30-day e-cigarette users. One-third of past 30-day and almost half of past-year users did not know the nicotine concentration of their cartridge or e-liquid. Correlations between all e-cigarette use measures were low, with the highest correlations seen between e-liquid quantity and cartridge quantity in all past 30-day users (r = 0.28) and those reporting any e-liquid use (r = 0.40). Cronbach's alpha and mean interitem correlations were low across all user groups. CONCLUSIONS: Low to moderate correlation across e-cigarette measures in e-cigarette users implies low internal consistency of these measures in a population survey. Findings suggest measures such as quantity and nicotine concentration might more appropriate in samples of recent experienced e-cigarette users than in general population samples.

A Brief Spanish Version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM). A Dispositional Mindfulness Measure.

Dispositional Mindfulness (DM) is the awareness of the thoughts and feelings in the present moment. DM in children and adolescents has been related to mechanisms of change in mindfulness-based interventions, which have shown significant mediation relationships with mental health outcomes (for instance, lower social anxiety, depression symptoms, or perceived stress). However, the assessment of DM among children and adolescents is being unsatisfactory due cultural biases and/or reliability issues. In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) in a sample of 687 children and adolescents between 8 and 16 years old. Although the CAMM has been validated in English, Portuguese, Italian, and Catalonian versions, until now no data has been reported in a Spanish context. Results showed that the best CAMM factor structure was constituted by five items from the original version (1, 4, 7, 8, and 9). These items defined dispositional mindfulness. The rest of the items (2, 3, 5, 6, and 10) were eliminated from the Spanish final version. The analyses revealed good reliability and internal consistency for the Spanish version of the CAMM. As we expected, the confirmatory factor analysis showed the unidimensional structure of the CAMM.

Pathogenetic approach to the treatment of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and their intersection: results of the Russian observation retrospective program COMFORT.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the novel complex drug, consisting of released-active form of antibodies to S-100 protein, tumor necrosis factor-α and histamine, (Kolofort) under outpatient conditions in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and FD-IBS overlap. METHODS: The subjects of the observational noninterventional retrospective program were the data of 14,362 outpatient records of patients with diagnosed FD, IBS, and/or overlap, who were observed by gastroenterologists from November 01, 2017, through March 30, 2018, who received the drug Kolofort in monotherapy for 12 weeks, 2 tablets twice a day. To assess the presence and severity of symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), the "7*7" questionnaire developed by a working group from the Russian Gastroenterological Association was used. The evaluated parameters included the proportion of patients: who had a 50% or more reduction in the total score; who have switched to the less severe category of the condition; who have switched to the "healthy" or "borderline ill" severity categories; and the change in the score in domains 1-7. RESULTS: The final efficacy analysis included data from 9254 patients. A decrease in the total score by 50% or more was observed in 80.45% of patients with FD, 79.02% of patients with IBS, and in 83% of patients with both IBS and FD. Switch to a lower severity category of the condition at the end of therapy was noted in 93.35% of patients with FD, in 93.80% of cases in patients with IBS, and in 96.17% of cases in patients with a combination of IBS and FD. A total of 94 adverse events (AEs) were reported in 80 patients (0.65%). CONCLUSION: The COMFORT program has demonstrated the positive effect of treatment in the majority of patients with IBS and FD and their combination in real clinical practice.

Factores determinantes psicosociales asociados a patologías de stress laboral en funcionarios administrativos en una EPS de Bogotá / Psychosocial determinants associated to work stress pathologies in administrative staff in an EPS of Bogotá

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar y determinar los factores que inciden en la aparición de enfermedades no trasmisibles de salud mental, en el área de la salud pública y/o laboral en las personas que prestan sus servicios en una EPS de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C Colombia. Metodología La investigación se realiza a través del estudio descriptivo, con una muestra aleatoria de 50 empleados donde se aplica una encuesta como herramienta investigativa de Guillermo Bocanument "factor de riesgo Psicosocial". Resultados Dentro de las principales variables identificadas encontramos los efectos significativos de los factores de riesgo psicosocial, como lo es el aumento a padecer una enfermedad no transmisible a causa de la carga laboral y/o el trabajo bajo presión, así mismo la incidencia en la aparición de enfermedades laborales y estrés. Discusión En la actualidad se han generado acciones para mitigar aquellos riesgos identificados en la propagación de enfermedades no trasmisibles y/o laborales, realmente su implementación ha aportado en la disminución en las cargas excesivas laborales o en la mejora de la calidad de vida del empleado.(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective To identify and determine the factors that affect the onset of noncommunicable mental disorders in the area of public and/or occupational health in people who work in a healthcare service provider (EPS in Spanish) in the city of Bogotá D.C Colombia. Methods This is a descriptive study with a random sample of 50 employees. The survey Factor de Riesgo Psicosocial (Psychosocial Risk Factor) developed by Guillermo Bocanument was applied as a research tool. Result The main variables identified include the significant effects of psychosocial risk factors, such as the increased likelihood of suffering from a noncommunicable disease due to workload and/or working under pressure, as well as the incidence in the onset of occupational diseases and stress. Discussion Several actions have been proposed to mitigate the identified risks associated with the spread of no communicable and/or work-related illnesses. In fact, their implementation has contributed to reduce excessive workloads or improve the quality of life of the workers.(AU)

Developing an Acoustic Sensing Yarn for Health Surveillance in a Military Setting.

Overexposure to high levels of noise can cause permanent hearing disorders, which have a significant adverse effect on the quality of life of those affected. Injury due to noise can affect people in a variety of careers including construction workers, factory workers, and members of the armed forces. By monitoring the noise exposure of workers, overexposure can be avoided and suitable protective equipment can be provided. This work focused on the creation of a noise dosimeter suitable for use by members of the armed forces, where a discrete dosimeter was integrated into a textile helmet cover. In this way the sensing elements could be incorporated very close to the ears, providing a highly representative indication of the sound level entering the body, and also creating a device that would not interfere with military activities. This was achieved by utilising commercial microelectromechanical system microphones integrated within the fibres of yarn to create an acoustic sensing yarn. The acoustic sensing yarns were fully characterised over a range of relevant sound levels and frequencies at each stage in the yarn production process. The yarns were ultimately integrated into a knitted helmet cover to create a functional acoustic sensing helmet cover prototype.

[A health survey in riverine communities in Amazonas State, Brazil]. / Inquérito de saúde em comunidades ribeirinhas do Amazonas, Brasil.

Population-based health surveys are important tools for identifying disease determinants, especially in regions with widely dispersed populations and low health system coverage. The aim of this study was to describe the principal methodological aspects and to describe the socioeconomic, demographic, and health characteristics of the riverine populations of Coari, Amazonas State, Brazil. This was a population-based cross-sectional study in river-dwelling communities in the rural area of Coari, from April to July 2015. The probabilistic cluster sample consisted of 492 individuals. The results showed that the majority of the river-dwellers were females (53%), had up to 9 years of schooling (68.5%), and earned a monthly family income equivalent to one-third the minimum wage. The health problems reported in the previous 30 days featured conditions involving pain (45.2%). The main healthcare resources were allopathic medicines (70.3%), exceeding herbal remedies (44.3%). The river-dwellers travel an average of 60.4km and take some 4.2 hours to reach the urban area of Coari. The riverine population generally presents low economic status and limited access to the urban area. Health problems are mostly solved with allopathic medicines. Geographic characteristics, as barriers to access to health services and to improvements in living conditions for the riverine population, can limit the collection of epidemiological data on these populations.

Os inquéritos populacionais de saúde são instrumentos importantes para o reconhecimento de determinantes de morbidades, sobretudo em regiões de grande dispersão demográfica e baixa cobertura do sistema de saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar os principais aspectos metodológicos e descrever as características socioeconômicas, demográficas e de saúde dos ribeirinhos de Coari, Amazonas, Brasil. Estudo transversal de base populacional conduzido com ribeirinhos residentes na zona rural do Município de Coari, no período de abril a julho de 2015. A amostra probabilística por conglomerados foi composta por 492 sujeitos. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos ribeirinhos é do sexo feminino (53%), tem até 9 anos de estudos (68,5%), apresenta em média renda familiar mensal equivalente a 1/3 do salário mínimo. Dentre os problemas de saúde relatados nos últimos 30 dias, destacaram-se as queixas álgicas (45,2%). Os principais recursos utilizados nos cuidados com a saúde foram medicamentos alopáticos (70,3%), superando o uso de plantas medicinais (44,3%). Os ribeirinhos navegam em média 60,4km e demoram cerca de 4,2 horas para acessar a zona urbana do município. De maneira geral, a população ribeirinha estudada é caracterizada pelo baixo nível econômico e acesso limitado à zona urbana. Os problemas de saúde são solucionados na maior parte das vezes pelo uso de medicamentos alopáticos. As limitações geográficas que constituem barreiras ao acesso aos serviços de saúde e à melhoria das condições de vida dos ribeirinhos podem limitar a aquisição de informações epidemiológicas dessas populações.

Las encuestas poblacionales de salud son instrumentos importantes para el reconocimiento de determinantes de morbilidades, sobre todo en regiones de gran dispersión demográfica y baja cobertura del sistema de salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar los principales aspectos metodológicos y descibir las características socioeconómicas, demográficas y de salud los ribereños de Coari, Amazonas, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio transversal con base poblacional, realizado con ribereños residentes en la zona rural del municipio de Coari, durante el período de abril a julio de 2015. La muestra probabilística por conglomerados estaba compuesta por 492 sujetos. Los resultados indicaron que la mayoría de los ribereños es de sexo femenino (53,0%), tiene hasta 9 años de estudios (68,5%), presenta de media una renta familiar mensual equivalente a 1/3 del salario mínimo. Entre los problemas de salud relatados en los últimos 30 días, se destacaron las quejas álgicas (45,2%). Los principales recursos utilizados en los cuidados con la salud fueron medicamentos alopáticos (70,3%), superando el uso de plantas medicinales (44,3%). Los ribereños navegan de media 60,4km y tardan casi 4,2 horas para acceder a la zona urbana del municipio. De manera general, la población ribereña estudiada está caracterizada por el bajo nivel económico y acceso limitado a zonas urbanas. Los problemas de salud se solucionan la mayor parte de las veces mediante el uso de medicamentos alopáticos. Las limitaciones geográficas que constituyen barreras al acceso a los servicios de salud, y a la mejoría de las condiciones de vida de los ribereños, pueden limitar la obtención de información epidemiológica de esa población.

Translation and validation of the Chinese powerlessness assessment tool.

The objectives of this study were to translate the powerlessness assessment tool (PAT) into Chinese, and to evaluate its psychometric performance. The PAT was translated into Chinese and was evaluated in patients with chronic wounds. Mean PAT scores were compared between various wound types to evaluate the scale's power to differentiate wound severity (PUSH score). There were 154 consecutive patients included in this study. All items were included, and the results of item-domain correlation (r ranged from 0.838 to 0.967) and small-group analysis (critical ratio, p < 0.05) were satisfactory. Furthermore, the Chinese PAT also showed good criterion validity when correlated with the Cardiff wound impact schedule (r = 0.726, p < 0.01). Exploratory factor analysis of these items extracted only two domains instead of the hypothesized three domains: self-perception of behavioral control and decision making (9 items) and emotional responses to perceived control (3 items), explained 82.045% of the variance. Sensitivity was demonstrated between patients with different activity of daily living, wound severity (PUSH score) and wound types. The internal consistency of all scales of the Chinese PAT was consistently high (Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.939 to 0. 965) and split-half reliability was 0.901. In conclusion, the validated Chinese PAT has good psychometric properties, and may be used to objectively evaluate the powerlessness experience of Chinese patients with chronic wounds.

Inquérito de saúde em comunidades ribeirinhas do Amazonas, Brasil / A health survey in riverine communities in Amazonas State, Brazil / Encuesta de salud en comunidades ribereñas del Amazonas, Brasil

Os inquéritos populacionais de saúde são instrumentos importantes para o reconhecimento de determinantes de morbidades, sobretudo em regiões de grande dispersão demográfica e baixa cobertura do sistema de saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar os principais aspectos metodológicos e descrever as características socioeconômicas, demográficas e de saúde dos ribeirinhos de Coari, Amazonas, Brasil. Estudo transversal de base populacional conduzido com ribeirinhos residentes na zona rural do Município de Coari, no período de abril a julho de 2015. A amostra probabilística por conglomerados foi composta por 492 sujeitos. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos ribeirinhos é do sexo feminino (53%), tem até 9 anos de estudos (68,5%), apresenta em média renda familiar mensal equivalente a 1/3 do salário mínimo. Dentre os problemas de saúde relatados nos últimos 30 dias, destacaram-se as queixas álgicas (45,2%). Os principais recursos utilizados nos cuidados com a saúde foram medicamentos alopáticos (70,3%), superando o uso de plantas medicinais (44,3%). Os ribeirinhos navegam em média 60,4km e demoram cerca de 4,2 horas para acessar a zona urbana do município. De maneira geral, a população ribeirinha estudada é caracterizada pelo baixo nível econômico e acesso limitado à zona urbana. Os problemas de saúde são solucionados na maior parte das vezes pelo uso de medicamentos alopáticos. As limitações geográficas que constituem barreiras ao acesso aos serviços de saúde e à melhoria das condições de vida dos ribeirinhos podem limitar a aquisição de informações epidemiológicas dessas populações.

Population-based health surveys are important tools for identifying disease determinants, especially in regions with widely dispersed populations and low health system coverage. The aim of this study was to describe the principal methodological aspects and to describe the socioeconomic, demographic, and health characteristics of the riverine populations of Coari, Amazonas State, Brazil. This was a population-based cross-sectional study in river-dwelling communities in the rural area of Coari, from April to July 2015. The probabilistic cluster sample consisted of 492 individuals. The results showed that the majority of the river-dwellers were females (53%), had up to 9 years of schooling (68.5%), and earned a monthly family income equivalent to one-third the minimum wage. The health problems reported in the previous 30 days featured conditions involving pain (45.2%). The main healthcare resources were allopathic medicines (70.3%), exceeding herbal remedies (44.3%). The river-dwellers travel an average of 60.4km and take some 4.2 hours to reach the urban area of Coari. The riverine population generally presents low economic status and limited access to the urban area. Health problems are mostly solved with allopathic medicines. Geographic characteristics, as barriers to access to health services and to improvements in living conditions for the riverine population, can limit the collection of epidemiological data on these populations.

Las encuestas poblacionales de salud son instrumentos importantes para el reconocimiento de determinantes de morbilidades, sobre todo en regiones de gran dispersión demográfica y baja cobertura del sistema de salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar los principales aspectos metodológicos y descibir las características socioeconómicas, demográficas y de salud los ribereños de Coari, Amazonas, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio transversal con base poblacional, realizado con ribereños residentes en la zona rural del municipio de Coari, durante el período de abril a julio de 2015. La muestra probabilística por conglomerados estaba compuesta por 492 sujetos. Los resultados indicaron que la mayoría de los ribereños es de sexo femenino (53,0%), tiene hasta 9 años de estudios (68,5%), presenta de media una renta familiar mensual equivalente a 1/3 del salario mínimo. Entre los problemas de salud relatados en los últimos 30 días, se destacaron las quejas álgicas (45,2%). Los principales recursos utilizados en los cuidados con la salud fueron medicamentos alopáticos (70,3%), superando el uso de plantas medicinales (44,3%). Los ribereños navegan de media 60,4km y tardan casi 4,2 horas para acceder a la zona urbana del municipio. De manera general, la población ribereña estudiada está caracterizada por el bajo nivel económico y acceso limitado a zonas urbanas. Los problemas de salud se solucionan la mayor parte de las veces mediante el uso de medicamentos alopáticos. Las limitaciones geográficas que constituyen barreras al acceso a los servicios de salud, y a la mejoría de las condiciones de vida de los ribereños, pueden limitar la obtención de información epidemiológica de esa población.

Validation of the STOP-Bang questionnaire as a means of screening for obstructive sleep apnea in adults in Brazil / Validação do questionário STOP-Bang para a identificação de apneia obstrutiva do sono em adultos no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the Portuguese-language version of the STOP-Bang (acronym for Snoring, Tiredness, Observed apnea, high blood Pressure, Body mass index, Age, Neck circumference, and Gender) questionnaire, culturally adapted for use in Brazil, as a means of screening for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. Methods: In this validation study, we enrolled patients ≥ 18 years of age, recruited between May of 2015 and November of 2016. All patients completed the STOP-Bang questionnaire and underwent overnight polysomnography. To evaluate the performance of the questionnaire, we used contingency tables and areas under the (receiver operating characteristic) curve (AUCs). Results: We included 456 patients. The mean age was 43.7 ± 12.5 years, and 291 (63.8%) of the patients were male. On the basis of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), we categorized OSA as mild/moderate/severe (any OSA; AHI ≥ 5 events/h), moderate/severe (AHI ≥ 15 events/h), or severe (AHI ≥ 30 events/h). The overall prevalence of OSA was 78.3%, compared with 52.0%, and 28.5% for moderate/severe and severe OSA, respectively. The most common score on the STOP-Bang questionnaire was 4 points (n = 106), followed by 3 points (n = 85) and 5 points (n = 82). An increase in the score was paralleled by a reduction in sensitivity with a corresponding increase in specificity for all AHI cut-off points. The AUCs obtained for the identification of any, moderate/severe, and severe OSA were: 0.743, 0.731, and 0.779, respectively. For any OSA, the score on the questionnaire (cut-off, ≥ 3 points) presented sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 83.5%, 45.5%, and 75.2%, respectively. Conclusions: The STOP-Bang questionnaire performed adequately for OSA screening, indicating that it could be used as an effective screening tool for the disorder.

RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar a validação da versão brasileira do questionário STOP-Bang (acrônimo em inglês para Snoring, Tiredness, Observed apnea, high blood Pressure, Body mass index, Age, Neck circumference, and Gender) para a identificação de apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS) em adultos. Métodos: Neste estudo de validação, foram incluídos pacientes com idade ≥ 18 anos, recrutados entre maio de 2015 e novembro de 2016. Todos os pacientes completaram o questionário STOP-Bang e foram submetidos a polissonografia de noite inteira. O índice de apneias e hipopneias (IAH) foi calculado. Foram utilizadas tabelas de contingência e a área sob a curva (ASC) ROC para avaliar o desempenho do questionário. Resultados: Foram incluídos 456 pacientes. A média de idade foi de 43,7 ± 12,5 anos, e 291 (63,8%) dos pacientes eram homens. Com base no IAH, a AOS foi classificada em leve/moderada/grave (AOS, independentemente da gravidade; IAH ≥ 5 eventos/h), cuja prevalência foi de 78,3%; moderada/grave (IAH ≥ 15 eventos/h), cuja prevalência foi de 52,0%; e grave (IAH ≥ 30 eventos/h), cuja prevalência foi de 28,5%. A pontuação mais frequentemente obtida no STOP-Bang foi 4 (n = 106), seguida de 3 (n = 85) e 5 (n = 82). O aumento da pontuação obtida no STOP-Bang (pontuação máxima: 8) resultou em redução da sensibilidade e aumento correspondente da especificidade em todos os pontos de corte do IAH (≥ 5, ≥ 15 e ≥ 30 eventos/h). A ASC para a identificação de AOS, AOS moderada/grave e AOS grave foi de 0,743, 0,731 e 0,779, respectivamente. Para a identificação de AOS, a pontuação no STOP-Bang (valor de corte ≥ 3) apresentou sensibilidade de 83,5%, especificidade de 45,5% e acurácia de 75,2%. Conclusões: O questionário STOP-Bang mostrou-se adequado para identificar AOS e pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz para o diagnóstico do transtorno.

Discrepancia en la evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud entre niños y padres a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y / Parent-child discrepancy in the assessment of health-related quality of life using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire

Introducción. La evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) permite detectar cambios en el tiempo en la salud de pacientes y posibilita realizar un análisis de coste-efectividad de tratamientos. En niños con características especiales de salud que no pueden autoevaluarse, existe la posibilidad de evaluar su CVRS a través de padres o cuidadores. Hasta la fecha, no se ha analizado la discrepancia en la evaluación de la CVRS a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y entre niños con parálisis cerebral (PC) y sus padres. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el grado de concordancia en la evaluación de la CVRS a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y y su versión Proxy entre niños con PC y sus padres o cuidadores. Población y métodos. Participaron, en el estudio, niños y adolescentes con PC, así como sus padres y madres, procedentes de un centro de educación especial de la región de Extremadura (España). Se utilizó el cuestionario EQ-5D-Y para los niños y el EQ-5D-Y Proxy para los padres. Las entrevistas fueron llevabas a cabo durante el primer trimestre de 2015. Se analizó la concordancia en las respuestas mediante el nivel de acuerdo con kappa de Cohen para las 5 dimensiones que componen el EQ-5D-Y y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase para la escala visual analógica. Resultados. Participaron 62 niños con PC con afectación leve y/o moderada de su capacidad funcional, sus padres y madres. Hubo una pobre concordancia en la evaluación de la CVRS entre niños y padres en todas las dimensiones del cuestionario (< 0, 20) y justo o pobre (< 0, 60) en la escala visual analógica. Conclusiones. Existe un alto desacuerdo en la evaluación de la CVRS entre padres e hijos en población con PC a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y.

Introduction. The assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) serves to detect changes over time in patients' health status and allows to do a cost-effectiveness analysis of treatments. When children with special health features cannot perform a self-assessment, it is possible to assess their HRQoL through their parents or caregivers. To date, the discrepancy in the assessment of HRQoL using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their parents has not been analyzed. The objective of this study was to analyze the level of agreement in the HRQoL assessment using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire and its proxy version among children with CP and their parents or caregivers. Population and methods. Children and adolescents with CP, and their parents, from a special education school in the region of Extremadura (Spain) participated in the study. The EQ-5D-Y questionnaire was used for children and the EQ-5D-Y proxy version, for parents. Interviews were conducted in the first quarter of 2015. The level of agreement in the responses was analyzed using the Cohen's kappa coefficient for the five domains of the EQ-5D-Y and the intraclass correlation coefficient for the visual analogue scale. Results. Sixty-two children with CP and mild and/or moderate functional capacity impairment, and their parents, participated in the study. The level of agreement was poor in the HRQoL assessment between children and parents in all the questionnaire domains (<0.20) and fair or poor (<0.60) in the visual analogue scale. Conclusions. A high level of parent-child disagreement was observed in the HRQoL assessment in the population with CP using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire.

Parent-child discrepancy in the assessment of health- related quality of life using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire. / Discrepancia en la evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud entre niños y padres a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y.

INTRODUCTION: The assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) serves to detect changes over time in patients' health status and allows to do a cost-effectiveness analysis of treatments. When children with special health features cannot perform a self-assessment, it is possible to assess their HRQoL through their parents or caregivers. To date, the discrepancy in the assessment of HRQoL using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their parents has not been analyzed. The objective of this study was to analyze the level of agreement in the HRQoL assessment using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire and its proxy version among children with CP and their parents or caregivers. POPULATION AND METHODS: Children and adolescents with CP, and their parents, from a special education school in the region of Extremadura (Spain) participated in the study. The EQ-5D-Y questionnaire was used for children and the EQ-5D-Y proxy version, for parents. Interviews were conducted in the first quarter of 2015. The level of agreement in the responses was analyzed using the Cohen's kappa coefficient for the five domains of the EQ-5D-Y and the intraclass correlation coefficient for the visual analogue scale. RESULTS: Sixty-two children with CP and mild and/or moderate functional capacity impairment, and their parents, participated in the study. The level of agreement was poor in the HRQoL assessment between children and parents in all the questionnaire domains ( <0.20) and fair or poor ( <0.60) in the visual analogue scale. CONCLUSIONS: A high level of parent-child disagreement was observed in the HRQoL assessment in the population with CP using the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) permite detectar cambios en el tiempo en la salud de pacientes y posibilita realizar un análisis de coste-efectividad de tratamientos. En niños con características especiales de salud que no pueden autoevaluarse, existe la posibilidad de evaluar su CVRS a través de padres o cuidadores. Hasta la fecha, no se ha analizado la discrepancia en la evaluación de la CVRS a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y entre niños con parálisis cerebral (PC) y sus padres. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el grado de concordancia en la evaluación de la CVRS a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y y su versión Proxy entre niños con PC y sus padres o cuidadores. POBLACIÓN Y MÉTODOS: Participaron, en el estudio, niños y adolescentes con PC, así como sus padres y madres, procedentes de un centro de educación especial de la región de Extremadura (España). Se utilizó el cuestionario EQ-5D-Y para los niños y el EQ-5D-Y Proxy para los padres. Las entrevistas fueron llevabas a cabo durante el primer trimestre de 2015. Se analizó la concordancia en las respuestas mediante el nivel de acuerdo con kappa de Cohen para las 5 dimensiones que componen el EQ-5D-Y y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase para la escala visual analógica. RESULTS: Participaron 62 niños con PC con afectación leve y/o moderada de su capacidad funcional, sus padres y madres. Hubo una pobre concordancia en la evaluación de la CVRS entre niños y padres en todas las dimensiones del cuestionario (< 0,20) y justo o pobre (< 0,60) en la escala visual analógica. CONCLUSIONS: Existe un alto desacuerdo en la evaluación de la CVRS entre padres e hijos en población con PC a través del cuestionario EQ-5D-Y.

Exposure to smoking in soap operas and movies: smoking cessation and attempts to quit. / Exposição ao cigarro em telenovelas e filmes: tentativas de parar de fumar e abstinência.

The objectives of this research were to evaluate whether there was an association between seeing an actor smoke in telenovelas, Brazilian films, or international films, and trying to quit and quitting among adult Brazilian smokers. Data from 39,425 participants in the Global Adult Tobacco Survey were used. Quit ratio (former smoker/former smoker + ever smoker) and proportions of current, former, and never smokers were calculated. Multivariable weighted regression was used to determine significant associations between quitting smoking and exposure to telenovelas and films. For current smokers, the odds of trying to quit were significantly higher among those who saw an actor smoking in a Brazilian film. Those who believed smoking caused serious illness and had rules in the home prohibiting smoking were significantly more likely to have tried to quit or had quit smoking. Exposure to smoking in the media may be different in adults than adolescents. Influential factors for trying to quit and quitting are rules prohibiting smoking at home, belief that smoking causes serious illness, and hearing about dangers of smoking in media.

Réplica: "Limitaciones del peso y talla autorreferidos" / Reply: "Self-reported height and weight limitations"

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[Simplification and Validation of Leicester Cough Questionnaire in Mandarin-Chinese].

BACKGROUND: Patients often have cough after lung surgery, and there is a lack of tools to specifically assess postoperative coughs. LCQ-MC (Leicester Cough Questionnaire in Mandarin-Chinese) was revised and validated to explore its value on clinical application. METHODS: A total of 250 patients undergone the lung operation of single medical team, from September 2015 to December 2016 in the Department ofThoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, were investigated. Among them, 121 patients completed LCQ-MC and 129 patients completed simplified LCQ-MC, we verified the reliability and validity. RESULTS: The new questionnaire was not changed in terms of content layout and the scoring method of LCQ-MC, consisting of 12 items and three domains (physical, psychological and social). There was good content validity (S-CVI/UA=0.83). Concurrent validity was high when the simplified LCQ-MC was compared with daytime cough symptom score (r=-0.578, P<0.001). There was a moderate relationship with response to night-time cough symptom score (r=-0.358, P=-0.004) and SF36 total score (r=0.346, P=0.030), and weak relationship with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale total score (r=-0.241, P=0.046). Cronbach's alpha coefficients of simplified LCQ-CM total and three domains varied between 0.79 and 0.89. One week apart test-retest reliability (n=30) was high (r=0.88-0.96). CONCLUSIONS: Simplified LCQ-MC has good reliability and validity that can be used for clinical applications.