Shoulder injuries in Brazilian professional football players: epidemiological analysis of 3828 games.

OBJECTIVES: Football is a globally played sport that poses potential risks for musculoskeletal injuries. Upper-limb injuries have a lower incidence rate than lower-limb injuries but can still cause absenteeism and performance impairment in football players. This descriptive epidemiological study aimed to evaluate and compare the epidemiological data on shoulder injuries among professional football players in two major Brazilian football championships. METHODS: Data were collected throughout the championships, and club physicians medically evaluated each player during official games using two online forms. The collected information included the player's age and position, injury diagnosis, laterality, location on the field where the injury occurred, playing time, imaging examinations performed, need for surgical treatment, time to return to play (TRP), and recurrence of the injury. The incidence of injuries was evaluated using the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) incidence formula. RESULTS: A total of 107 shoulder injuries were recorded (4.3% of all injuries), with a FIFA incidence of 0.847. Glenohumeral dislocations (GHDs) and acromioclavicular dislocations (ACDs) accounted for 37.38% and 35.51% of all shoulder injuries, respectively. Goalkeepers and defenders presented, respectively, a 2.15 and 1.57 times increased risk of suffering shoulder injuries, while attackers presented a 0.63 times decreased risk. Injury recurrence was observed in 14.95% of cases, with GHDs and ACDs showing recurrence rates of 35.00% and 5.26%, respectively. Surgery was performed in 9.35% of cases, with GHDs representing 50% of all surgeries. The average TRP was 22.37 days, with severe and major injuries accounting for 11.21% and 10.28% of all injuries, respectively. Goalkeepers had the highest average TRP of 36.15 days. Recurring injuries had a higher average TRP of 33.44 days compared to nonrecurring injuries, which had an average TRP of 20.43 days. Surgically treated injuries had the highest average TRP of 112.5 days. CONCLUSION: Shoulder injuries in the professional football scenario are of great concern due to the high recurrence rate and need for surgical treatment, which will lead to a long TRP. These findings emphasize the need to implement prevention protocols and effective treatments to reduce the consequences of such injuries, which are usually underestimated in this sport. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

Retrospective Study of Risk Factors and the Prevalence of Injuries in HIFT.

The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors and the incidence of injuries in high-intensity functional training (HIFT) practitioners. A survey was administered to 213 HIFT practitioners. Participants reported the number of injuries, the location of the injuries, and training exposure during the preceding six months and answered questions regarding potential risk factors for injury. We found there were 7.1 injuries for every 1000 hours of training. In addition, we found that individuals with experience in the modality (>2 years) were 3.77 times more likely to be affected by injury when compared with beginner individuals (<6 months) (CI95%=1.59-8.92; p=0.003). When the analysis was performed only for the competitive level, we found that practitioners competing at the national level were 5.69 times more likely to experience an injury than competitors who do not compete (CI95%=1.10-29.54; p=0.038). We also found that the injuries mainly affect the shoulder and lumbar regions. It was possible to conclude that subjects with a higher level of experience in the modality are more likely to be affected by injuries and that the shoulder and lumbar areas are most likely to be injured during HIFT.

Importance and benefits of physiotherapeutic intervention in American football players / Importancia y beneficios de la intervención fisioterapéutica en jugadores de futbol americano

American football is considered one of the sports with the most impact in athletic injuries and most participants at the institutional level both in public and mostly in private universities, in addition to being a sport in which players are exposed to greater contact and physical demand. In this situation, it is important that sports teams as well as athletes integrate and work together with a physiotherapist to receive better care, treatment and prevention of sports injuries, in order to obtain a better benefit throughout their sporting career, improve their athletic performance, quality of life and reduce the risk of injury incidence. In Mexico, football has several years generating an increasing media and social impact in different universities; however, there is a lack of documented knowledge about the levels of physical capacity and characteristics of Mexican players who compete at the highest level that could give the guideline to coaches and managers decision-making at the sports or administrative level. Considering the limited information that exists in the literature on football injuries in higher middle school population in our country, this work was carried out with the aim of determining the proportion, type of injuries and aftermath that have presented football players from the Universidad del Valle de México Campus Cuernavaca.

El futbol americano es considerado uno de los deportes con el mayor número de lesiones y participantes a nivel institucional, tanto en universidades públicas y mayormente en privadas, además de ser un deporte en el cual los jugadores se encuentran expuestos a mayor contacto y demanda física. Ante esta situación, es importante que tanto los equipos deportivos como los deportistas integren y trabajen en conjunto con un fisioterapeuta para recibir una mejor atención, tratamiento y prevención de lesiones deportivas, esto con la finalidad de obtener un mejor beneficio a lo largo de su trayectoria deportiva, mejorar su rendimiento deportivo, calidad de vida y reducir el riesgo de incidencia de lesiones. En México, el futbol americano tiene varios años generando un impacto mediático y social cada vez mayor en diferentes universidades; sin embargo, existe una falta de conocimiento documentado sobre los niveles de capacidad física y las características de los jugadores mexicanos que compiten al máximo nivel, lo cual pudiera dar la pauta a entrenadores y directivos para la toma de decisiones en el plano deportivo o administrativo. Considerando la escasa información que existe en la literatura sobre las lesiones de futbol americano en población de enseñanza media superior en nuestro país, se realizó el presente trabajo con el objetivo de determinar la proporción, el tipo de lesiones y las secuelas que han presentado los jugadores de futbol americano de la Universidad del Valle de México, Campus Cuernavaca.

The epidemiology of MRI detected shoulder injuries in athletes participating in the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympics.

BACKGROUND: To use Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to characterize the severity, location, prevalence, and demographics of shoulder injuries in athletes at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympic Games. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of all routine shoulder MRIs obtained from the Olympic Village Polyclinic during the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics. Imaging was performed on 1.5 T and 3 T MRI, and interpretation was centrally performed by a board-certified musculoskeletal radiologist. Images were assessed for tendon, muscle, bone, bursal, joint capsule, labral, and chondral abnormality. RESULTS: A total of 11,274 athletes participated in the Games, of which 55 (5%) were referred for a routine shoulder MRI. Fifty-three (96%) had at least two abnormal findings. Seven (13%) had evidence of an acute or chronic anterior shoulder dislocation. Forty-nine (89%) had a rotator cuff partial tear and / or tendinosis. Subacromial / subdeltoid bursitis was present in 29 (40%). Thirty (55%) had a tear of the superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP). CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of both acute and chronic shoulder injuries in the Olympic athletes receiving shoulder MRI. The high rates of bursal, rotator cuff, and labral pathology found in these patients implies that some degree of glenohumeral instability and impingement is occurring, likely due to fatigue and overuse of the dynamic stabilizers. Future studies are needed to better evaluate sport-specific trends of injury.

Incidence and risk factors of injuries in Brazilian elite handball players: A prospective cohort study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors for handball injuries in Brazilian elite handball players. Overall, 339 athletes from 21 handball teams who participated in the two main Brazilian championships were followed up during a season. In total, 312 injuries were reported by 201 athletes. The injury incidence rate during training was 3.7/1000 h, and during matches was 20.3/1000 matches. Ankle (19.4%, n = 46) and knee (13.5%, n = 32) were the body regions most affected by traumatic injuries. Shoulders (44.0%, n = 33) and knee (26.7%, n = 20) were the body regions most affected by overuse injuries. Muscle injuries (27.1%, n = 68) was the traumatic injury type most reported. Tendinopathy (91.8%, n = 56) was the overuse injury type most observed. Previous injury (OR: 2.42, CI 95%: 1.51-3.89) and an additional match per week (OR: 1.31, CI 95%: 1.05-1.62) were associated with a higher risk of overuse injury. Female athletes (OR: 1.56, CI 95%: 1.08-2.25) and an additional hour of training per week (OR: 1.09, CI 95%: 1.02-1.15) were associated with a higher risk of traumatic injury. This study showed that athletes with previous injury have shown a high risk of developing an overuse injury.